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HMT Cep Report

This report analyzes the effect of flow induced vibrations on heat transfer in a double pipe heat exchanger. It studies a heat exchanger with inner tubes of 2cm diameter and outer tube of 3cm diameter and 1m length. With hot oil and cold water flowing at 0.8kg/s and 0.5kg/s, the fouling factor and overall heat transfer coefficient are determined. The results show flow induced vibrations can enhance heat transfer by 19% by reducing the fouling resistance outside the tubes. While vibration may increase friction, the low flow speeds still allow low energy consumption with good heat transfer performance.

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Hafiz Syed Mutawassim Hasan 916-FET/BSME/F20
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55 views

HMT Cep Report

This report analyzes the effect of flow induced vibrations on heat transfer in a double pipe heat exchanger. It studies a heat exchanger with inner tubes of 2cm diameter and outer tube of 3cm diameter and 1m length. With hot oil and cold water flowing at 0.8kg/s and 0.5kg/s, the fouling factor and overall heat transfer coefficient are determined. The results show flow induced vibrations can enhance heat transfer by 19% by reducing the fouling resistance outside the tubes. While vibration may increase friction, the low flow speeds still allow low energy consumption with good heat transfer performance.

Uploaded by

Hafiz Syed Mutawassim Hasan 916-FET/BSME/F20
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CEP Report

Course Name: Heat and Mass Transfer

Course Code: ME-321

Instructor: Dr. Muhammad Amjad

Group Members
Malik Saif-913/FET/BSME/F20(A)

Amir Malik-911/FET/BSME/F20(A)

Hafiz Syed Mutawassim Hasan-916/FET/BSME/F20(A)


Table of Contents
Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 3
Flow Induced Vibrations............................................................................................................... 3
Problem Statement ...................................................................................................................... 4
Solution ....................................................................................................................................... 4
Discussions .................................................................................................................................. 7
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7

References……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7
Heat transfer enhancement by flow-induced vibration in heat
exchanger

Abstract:
The flow-induced vibration in heat exchanger is usually considered as a detrimental factor for
causing the heat exchanger damage and is strictly prevented from its occurrence. Its positive
role for the possible heat transfer enhancement has been neglected. In this report we have
studied the effect of flow induced vibrations in heat exchangers and a numerical approach is
proposed to enhance the heat transfer by using the flow-induced vibration.

Introduction:
In heat exchangers, especially shell-and-tube heat exchangers, the flow-induced vibration can
damage the heat transfer devices and tubes and generate noise. Much effort has been devoted
to the study of the influence of the shell-side flow on the vibration of the heat transfer
devices. The essence of vibration is that the mechanical energy continuously accumulates and
dissipates. The flow of media in the heat exchanger may cause the energy build up due to the
fluid viscosity. Therefore, it is almost impossible to completely avoid the vibration of the heat
transfer devices. It is not always an effective approach to prevent heat transfer devices from
the vibration by increasing the strength of the devices. If we can find a way to induce the heat
transfer device vibration, which can be controlled by adjusting its damping to avoid the
occurrence of vibration-induced damage, then the flow-induced vibration may be beneficial to
the heat transfer.
Flow Induced Vibrations:
Flow induced vibration is the result of turbulence in the process fluid, which occurs due to
major flow discontinuities such as bends, tees, partially closed valves, and small-bore
connections.
Problem Statement:
We consider a double-pipe (shell-and-tube) heat exchanger constructed of a stainless steel, in
order to study the heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger. We assume that the inner
tubes have a diameter of 2 cm and negligible thickness, and the inner diameter of the outer tube
(the shell) is 3 cm length of the heat exchanger is 1m. Let the Hot and Cold fluids be oil and
water respectively, we have to study the effect of Flow Induced Vibrations on the fouling factor
and the overall heat transfer coefficient. Water flows through the tube at a rate of 0.5 kg/s, and
the oil through the shell at a rate of 0.8 kg/s. Taking the average temperatures of the water and
the oil to be 45°C and 80°C we will determine the Fouling factor and overall heat transfer
coefficient.
Solution:
Discussions:

We see from the above calculations that about 19 percent of the total thermal resistance in this
case is due to fouling and about 5 percent of it is due to the steel tube separating the two fluids.
The rest (76 percent) is due to the convection resistances on the two sides of the inner tube.
Note that the two overall heat transfer coefficients differ significantly (by 27 percent) in this
case because of the considerable difference between the heat transfer surface areas on the inner
and the outer sides of the tube. For tubes of negligible thickness, the difference between the
two overall heat transfer coefficients would be negligible. The utilization of this heat transfer
calculations not only enhances the heat transfer by the flow-induced vibration, but also
decreases the fouling resistance outside the tubes. Although the mechanism that the vibration
can get rid of the fouling resistance must be determined experimentally, it is generally believed
that the in-plane vibration of this structure plays an important role for wiping off the fouling
resistance. In order to assess the fouling level of the nonlinear heat transfer device, we can
compare the fouling resistance of this device with that of other heat transfer devices, and find
the variation in the fouling resistance of this heat exchanger.

Conclusion:

The flow-induced vibration does not require additional energy. Although the vibration may
increase the flow friction coefficient, it seems that the heat transfer coefficient on the heat
surface is less dependent on the flow velocity. Therefore, the low flow velocity could be used
which would result in low energy consumption. The ordinary heat transfer enhancement
devices demonstrate a good heat enhancement effect for the clear heat transfer surface, but
when the fouling layer is formed, the heat transfer performance deteriorates rapidly. The heat
transfer enhancement technology with the flow-induced vibration not only increases the
convective heat transfer coefficient, but also decreases the fouling resistance. Therefore, the
compound heat enhancement is achieved.

References:

[1] D.S. Weaver, J.A. Fitzpatrick A review of crossflow induced vibration in heat exchanger
tube arrays J. Fluids Structures, 2 (1998), pp. 73-93

[2] Bao, M., Wang, L., Li, W., and Gao, T. (2017). The Vibration Analysis of Tube Bundles
Induced by Fluid Elastic Excitation in Shell Side of Heat Exchanger.

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