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DNA Profiling A.K.A. DNA Fingerprinting Guided Notes What Is DNA Profiling?

DNA profiling, also known as DNA fingerprinting, is a technique used by scientists to distinguish between individuals of the same species using only DNA samples. It was developed in the 1980s by Sir Alec Jeffreys who invented the technique. The process involves breaking down DNA samples to release nucleotides, amplifying small amounts of DNA using PCR, cutting the DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, separating the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis, and analyzing the pattern of fragment distribution. DNA profiling can identify individuals with near certainty except for identical twins.

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70 views

DNA Profiling A.K.A. DNA Fingerprinting Guided Notes What Is DNA Profiling?

DNA profiling, also known as DNA fingerprinting, is a technique used by scientists to distinguish between individuals of the same species using only DNA samples. It was developed in the 1980s by Sir Alec Jeffreys who invented the technique. The process involves breaking down DNA samples to release nucleotides, amplifying small amounts of DNA using PCR, cutting the DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, separating the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis, and analyzing the pattern of fragment distribution. DNA profiling can identify individuals with near certainty except for identical twins.

Uploaded by

Jackson Ltorisha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DNA Profiling

a.k.a. DNA Fingerprinting


Guided Notes

What is DNA Profiling?


A ___________________________ used by scientists to distinguish between individuals
of the same species using only samples of their _______________.

This is _________________ __________________ who invented this

technique in the year ____________.

Stages of DNA Profiling


 Stage 1:
_______________ are broken down
to release ________________

If only a small amount of DNA is available it can be amplified using the


_________________ ___________________ _________________________ or PCR.

 Step 2:
The DNA is cut into fragments using __________________ ____________________.

Each restriction enzyme cuts ______________ at a specific ____________


___________________.

The sections of DNA that are cut out are

called _______________ ____________________.

This yields thousands of restriction fragments of all different __________ because the
base sequences being cut may be ___________ ___________ (long fragment) or
_____________ _______________ (short fragment).
Stage 3:
 Fragments are separated on the basis of _________ using a process called
__________ ______ ___________________.
 DNA fragments are injected into _______________ and an __________________
current is applied along the gel.

DNA is _______________ charged so it is attracted to the _________________


end of the gel.
The ______________ DNA fragments move ______________ than the longer fragments.
DNA is separated on basis of ___________.

 A _____________________ material is added which combines with the DNA


fragments to produce a ____________________ image.
 A photographic ______________ of the DNA bands is obtained.

Stage 4:
 The pattern of fragment distribution is then analyzed.

Crime
 The chances of two people having exactly the same
DNA profile is 30,000 million to 1 (except for
identical twins).
Biological materials used for DNA profiling
 Blood
 Hair
 Saliva
 Semen
 Body tissue cells
 DNA samples have been obtained from vaginal cells
transferred to the outside of a condom during sexual
intercourse.

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