ASSESMENT EXAM 03: HYDRAULICS

1. The jet of a horizontal nozzle

strikes a vertical plate with a force
equal to 7000N. If the discharge
flowing at the nozzle is 0.12 m^3/s.
Compute the diameter of the jet. * 585 kN
41 mm 618 kN
51 mm 670 kN
61 mm 749 kN
71 mm
4. From the figure shown, determine
2. Water is issued vertically at the the specific gravity of the log if the
rate of 30 liters per second through a length is 6 m and the radius is 0.60 m.
50mm diameter nozzle. Neglecting *
losses, how high above the nozzle tip
can the water jet support a load of
250N? *
8.36 m
9.32 m
7.52 m
6.25 m

3. Assuming hydrostatic pressure

distributions, uniform velocity 0.955
0.898
profiles, and negligible viscous
0.928
effects, find the horizontal force 0.865
needed to hold the sluice gate in the
5. A pipe 2000 m in length with a flow
position shown in figure. *
rate of 2 m^3/s. At the end of the 600
mm pipe, a valve is provided. If the
water in the supplied tank before it 8. A 75mm diameter pipe, 2m long is
flows into the pipe is compressed at 2 just filled with oil (sp. gr. = 0.822) and
Mpa with a volume of 2 m^3 and a then capped and placed on a
volume of 1.99 m^3 at a pressure of 4 horizontal position. It is rotated at
Mpa. Find the pressure if the valve is 27.5 rad/sec about a vertical axis
closed in 20 seconds. * 0.5m from one end. What is the
3712 kPa pressure in kPa at the far end of the
2678 kPa pipe? *
4474 kPa
1415 kPa 1865
1995
6. An open rectangular tank mounted 1381
2049
on a truck is 4 m long, 2 m wide and 3
m high is filled with water to a depth 9. An open, 0.75-m-diameter tank
of 2.5 m. If it is accelerated at 8 contains water to a depth of 1.05 m
m/s^2, determine the volume of when at rest. If the tank is rotated
water spilled. * about its vertical axis with an angular
8.96 cu. m velocity of 180 rev/min what is the
6.98 cu. m minimum height of the tank walls to
8.69 cu. m
9.86 cu. m prevent water from spilling over the
7. Compute the speed in rpm of a 1 m sides? *
diameter and 3 m high cylinder full of 2.10 m
water which is rotated about its 2.31 m
2.55 m
vertical axis until 75% of its volume is 2.23 m
spilled out. *
207.22 rpm 10. An open vessel 18inches in
231.14 rpm diameter and filled with water is
210.34 rpm rotated about its vertical axis at such
209.56 rpm
a velocity that the water surface 4in
from the axis makes an angle of 40
degrees with the horizontal. Compute
the speed of rotation. *
9 rad/sec
8 rad/sec
7 rad/sec
6 rad/sec

11 A uniform wooden beam (SG A 0.843

B 0.845
=0.65) is 10 cm by 10 cm by 3 m and
C 0.834
hinged at A. At what angle will the D 0.854
beam float in water? *
13 A barge is 15 ft wide and floats
with a draft of 4 ft. It is piled so high
with gravel that its center of gravity is
3 ft above the waterline, as shown.
What is the length of MG? Is it
stable? *

A 34.3
B 35.2
C 36.4
D 33.4

12 A uniform block of steel (SG =7.85)

will “float” at a mercury-water A -0.31 ft, No
B -0.31 ft, Yes
interface as in the figure. What is the C 0.31 ft, No
ratioof the distances a and b for this D 0.31 ft, Yes
condition? *
14. Water flows through commercial
steel annulus 50 m long as shown in
the figure. Neglecting minor losses,
estimate the reservoir level h needed
to maintain a flow of 10 lit/sec. 16. During a flow of 500 liters/sec,

Assume f = 0.0232. * the gage pressure is +68 kPa in the

horizontal 300 mm supply line of a
water turbine and a - 41 kPa at a 450
mm section of the draft tube 2 m.
below. Estimate the horsepower
output of the turbine under such
conditions assuming efficiency of
85%. Compute the total head
extracted by the turbine. *
13.24
13.96
14.43
6.05 m 15.16
23.60 m
3.92 m 17. During a flow of 500 liters/sec,
8.45 m
the gage pressure is +68 kPa in the
15. Water flows freely from a water horizontal 300 mm supply line of a
supply system through a 50mm water turbine and a - 41 kPa at a 450
diameter pipe at the rate of mm section of the draft tube 2 m.
6.31lit/sec. If the head lost in the below. Estimate the horsepower
system is 11.58Joules/N, determine output of the turbine under such
the elevation of the water surface in conditions assuming efficiency of
the system if the discharge end is at 85%. Compute the output
elevation of 4m. * horsepower of the turbine. *
16.11 m 84.7
20.11 m 99.7
15.58 m 74.4
8.08 m 63.2
 actual velocity of the jet is 11.65 m/s.
18. During a flow of 500 liters/sec, Compute the head loss of the orifice.
the gage pressure is +68 kPa in the *
horizontal 300 mm supply line of a 0.52
water turbine and a - 41 kPa at a 450 0.59
mm section of the draft tube 2 m. 0.55
0.63
below. Estimate the horsepower
output of the turbine under such 21. A 500-mm diameter concrete
conditions assuming efficiency of pipe on a 1/500 slope is to carry
85%. Compute the horsepower input water at a flow rate of 0.05m^3/s.
of the turbine. * Find the depth of flow. n=0.014 *
84.7 0.147
99.7 0.125
74.4 0.194
93.2 0.475

19. An orifice 150 mm in diameter, 22. Given an open channel with a

having a coefficient of contraction of parabolic cross-section (x=1.0m and
0.62 discharges oil (sp.gr. = 0.80) y=1.0m) on a slope of 0.02 with
under a head of 7.50 m. The average n=0.015, find the critical depth for a
actual velocity of the jet is 11.65 m/s. flow rate of 2.0m^3/s. *
Compute the coefficient of velocity. *
0.96
0.94
0.90
0.98

20. An orifice 150 mm in diameter,

having a coefficient of contraction of
0.62 discharges oil (sp.gr. = 0.80)
0.875
under a head of 7.50 m. The average
0.766
1.532 25. A hydraulic jump occurs in a 4m-
1.75 wide rectangular channel carrying

23. If 1.4m^3/s of water flows 5m^3/s on a slope of 0.004. The

uniformly in a channel of width 1.8m depth after the jump is 1.2m. Find the

at a depth of 0.75m, what is the power loss in the jump. Unit weight

change in water-surface elevation at of water = 9.79kN/m^3 *

a section contracted to a 1.2m width 58.5kW

54.8kW
with a 6-cm depression in the 84.5kW
bottom? * 45.8kW
0.073m
0.037m 26. A trapezoidal channel with a
0.067m bottom width of 10m and side slopes
0.076m of 2 horizontal to 1 vertical has a

24. A triangular duct flows partly full horizontal curve with radius of 100m

as shown in the figure. If the critical without superelevation. If the

depth is 0.60m and n=0.016, discharge is 8m3/s and the water

compute the critical flow rate. * surface at the inside curve is 2.5
above the channel bottom, find the
water-surface elevation at the
outside of the curve. Assume the flow
is subcritical. *
3.085m
5.83m
8.35m
5.035m
1.39m^3/s
2.39m^3/s 27. SITUATION: From the given three
0.69m^3/s reservoirs shown. The elevation A is
3.19m^3/s
346 m., B is at elevation 301 m and C
is at elevation 241 m. Rate of flow at
1 is 200 liters/sec. Determine the
head loss of pipeline 2. *

90 L/s
94 L/s
96 L/s
102 L/s
40.54 m
42.73 m 29. SITUATION: From the given three
43.69 m reservoirs shown. The elevation A is
44.11 m
346 m., B is at elevation 301 m and C
28. SITUATION: From the given three is at elevation 241 m. Rate of flow at
reservoirs shown. The elevation A is 1 is 200 liters/sec. Determine the
346 m., B is at elevation 301 m and C diameter of pipeline 3. *
is at elevation 241 m. Rate of flow at
1 is 200 liters/sec. Determine the
discharge of pipeline 3. *

175 mm
180 mm
177 mm
184 mm 32. A dam is triangular in cross-
section with the upstream face
30. A vertical rectangular gate 2 m.
vertical. Water is flushed with the
wide and 3 m. high, hinged at the
top. The dam is 8m high and 6m wide
top, has water on one side. What
at the base and weighs 2.4 tons per
force applied at the bottom of the
cubic meter. The coefficient of
gate at an angle of 45° with the
friction between the base and the
vertical is required to open the gate
foundation is 0.8. Determine the
when the water surface is 1.5 m.
minimum unit pressure on the
above the top of the gate? *
foundation. *
103.01
145.67 -139.47 kPa
176.58 -48.88 kPa
124.86 -151.45 kPa
-65.45 kPa
31. A dam is triangular in cross-
33. A dam is triangular in cross-
section with the upstream face
section with the upstream face
vertical. Water is flushed with the
vertical. Water is flushed with the
top. The dam is 8m high and 6m wide
top. The dam is 8m high and 6m wide
at the base and weighs 2.4 tons per
at the base and weighs 2.4 tons per
cubic meter. The coefficient of
cubic meter. The coefficient of
friction between the base and the
friction between the base and the
foundation is 0.8. Determine the
foundation is 0.8. Determine the
maximum unit pressure on the
factor of safety against overturning. *
foundation. *
2.50
-139.47 kPa 2.35
-48.88 kPa 1.44
-151.45 kPa 2.70
-65.45 kPa
34. A dam is triangular in cross- its sp.gr. is 0.90. Compute the
section with the upstream face equivalent kinematic viscosity in
vertical. Water is flushed with the m2/s. *
top. The dam is 8m high and 6m wide 2x10^-3
at the base and weighs 2.4 tons per 2x10^-6
1.8x10^-6
cubic meter. The coefficient of 0.5x10^6
friction between the base and the
foundation is 0.8. Determine the 37. SITUATION. The absolute viscosity

factor of safety against sliding. * of the liquid is 1.8 x 10-3 Pa-sec and

2.50 its sp.gr. is 0.90. Compute the

2.35 equivalent value of kinematic
1.44 viscosity in stokes. *
2.70
0.02
35. A tank with a frustum of a cone 0.2
0.0002
having its bases and axis vertical is 3 0.002
m high and is filled with water. It has
a diameter of 2 m at the top and 1 m 38. SITUATION. At what depth of oil

at the bottom. The bottom contains (sg = 0.80) will produce a pressure of

an orifice whose average coefficient 420 kPa if above the oil is 20m of

of discharge maybe taken as 0.61. water and 5m of glycerin (sg = 1.26)?

What size of orifice will empty the *

tank in 6 minutes and 29 seconds? * 10.64m

6.3m
72 mm 33.98m
74 mm 20.64m
76 mm
78 mm 39. SITUATION. What height of water

36. SITUATION. The absolute viscosity will be added to produce the same

of the liquid is 1.8 x 10-3 Pa-sec and pressure if the glycerin was removed
in the mixture? *
26.3 m point in the side of the deep end.
6.3 m Taking Cd for the orifice as 0.6, find
33.98 m
20.64 m the time to empty the pool
completely. *
40. A rectangular reservoir with 458 sec
vertical walls has a plan area of 701 sec
60000m2. Discharge from the 662 sec
514 sec
reservoir take place over a
rectangular weir. The flow 42. A rectangular, sharp-crested weir
characteristics of the weir is Q = with both ends contracted is 2 m
0.678 H3/2 cubic meters where H is long. How high should the crest be
the depth of water above the weir placed in a channel to maintain an
crest. The sill of the weir is 3.4m upstream depth of 3 for a flow of 10
above the bottom of the reservoir. m³/s? Consider the velocity of
Starting with a depth of water of 4m approach of 1.667 m/s and use C =
in the reservoir and no inflow, what 0.60. *
will be the depth of water after one 0.60 m
hour? * 0.65 m
0.70 m
3.98 m 0.75 m
3.68 m
3.48 m 43. A cylindrical vessel 2 m. in
3.18 m
diameter and 3 m. high has a
41. A rectangular swimming pool is rounded circular orifice 50 mm in
1m deep at one end and increases diameter at the bottom. If the vessel
uniformly in depth to 2.6m at the is filled with water, how long will it
other end. The pool is 8m wide and take to lower the water surface by 2
32m long and is emptied through an m. Assume C = 0.60 *
orifice of area 0.224m2, at the lowest 382.7 sec
440.7 sec
881.4 sec
765.4 sec 46. On a sea-level standard day, a
pressure gage, moored below the
44. A spillway of a dam is shown in
surface of the ocean (SG = 1.025),
the figure. Compute the total
reads an absolute pressure of 1.4
discharge in million-liters per second,
MPa. How deep is the instrument? *
ML/s. Assume steady flow, neglect
143 m
end contractions, and use C = 0.60. * 133 m
140 m
129 m

47. If a bubble is equivalent to an air-

water interface with surface tension
equal to 0.005lb/ft, what is the
pressure difference between the
1.26 ML/s inside and outside of a bubble of
1.12 ML/s
1.21 ML/s diameter 0.003in? *
1.32 ML/s 70 psf
80 psf
45. In a hydraulic press water is 7.78 psf
subjected to a pressure of 10000 psi 6.67 psf

at 68°F. If the initial pressure is 15 48. Two clean, parallel glass plates,
psia, what is the percentage decrease separated by a distance d=1.5mm,
in volume considering that the are dipped in a bath of water. How
average bulk modulus of elasticity of far does the water rise due to
water is 365000 psi for this capillary action if surface tension is
temperature range? * 0.0730N/m? Use 9.81m/s2 as unit
4.11% weight of water *
6.72%
3.12% 9.92 mm
2.74% 54.17 mm
12.16 mm 0.1694
19.84 mm 169.4

49. What is the density of air (in 50. The absolute viscosity µ of a fluid
kg/m³) at 2 atm at 25 degrees Celsius is primarily a function of? *
in kg per cu. Meter if gas constant is Density
4.015 kJ/(kg-K)? * Surface Tension
Pressure
0.0169 Temperature
0.0619