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Dyeing and Processing

A complete source of information about the dyeing , processing and finishing of Textiles.
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FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 2010

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Color Matching in Textiles

Colour is one of the most fundamental aspects of textile design which contributes greatly to the overall visual effect of a finished fabric. Colour matching is a vital process in ensuring continuity of colour from the master standard to all subsequent production batches.
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Home Textile Priniting Process New Developments in Textile Dyeing Textile Books and Articles To Read and Download Textile Reference Books To Read and Download Textile Articles Read Here " What colors say"
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A variety of conditions affect how a color looks

1.Light- source difference 2.Observer Difference 3.Size Difference 4.Background Difference Privacy Information 5.Directional difference How to Ensure Effective Color in Today's Manufacturing Processes? The three components of colour matching There are three components involved in colour viewing,which are LIGHT,

Acid Dyes Beam Dyeing machines Bifunctional Dyes Bleaching Agents Bleaching of Silk Bleaching of Wool Bleaching Reductive Bleaching Textiles Bleaching with Hypochlorites Bleaching with peroxy Compounds

VISION and OBJECT. If any omponent changes, the actual perception of colour will also change. It is important to keep the conditions (as mentioned above) constant when viewing colors. Colour matching requires the use of a standard light box which has several illuminants:-

Bleaching with Sodium Chlorite Cationic Dyes Color Communications Colorfastness Testing Standard Procedures Computer Color Matching

Systems

Some of the standard light sources Artificial Daylight D65, Why Daylight? A - tungstun
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Direct Dyes Direct Dyes Disperse Dyes Dyeing Machines Dyeing Problems Dyeing with Direct Dyes Ecofriendly textiles and eco labels Environment Management In textile Industry ERP in Dyeing Garment Dyeing Gray Scale specifications

CWF - Cool White Fluorescent TL84, UV,

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U30 Learn about Various Light Sources Importance of color Management Color Rendering of Light Sources Everybody's perception of colour is slightly different. Light boxes are therefore employed so that whenever samples are viewed the conditions are exactly the same. Color Viewing booth / light box for color matching.

Grey scale assessing for color change Hank dyeing in Cabinet Machines Hank dyeing in HTHP dyeing machines Hank dyeing in Spray Dyeing Machines Hank Dyeing machines Hank Dyeing on Roller Dyeing Machine Jigger Dyeing machines Light Sources Measurement of color and color difference Metal Complex dyes Method for the instrumental assessment of whiteness Mordant Dyes Naphthol Dyeing Natural dyes Optical Brightening agents Organic Textiles Pad Dyeing machines Paddle Dyeing Machines Pigment Dyeing Quality Management System in Textile Manufacturing Quality standards in textile and garments Reactive Dyes Reactive HE dyes Reeling Of Yarn Hanks Scouring Sequestering agents Soft package Winding

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It's difficult to see the true color under different light sources in which measurement Color deviation intends to occur when performing the color evaluation without a standard light sources. To simulate different light sources to obtain an objective color, color difference and color evaluation, we can put the test specimen into the color viewing booth / color light box, so that it's easily to see the true color daytime, night, indoor and outdoor, and ensure the color consistency.
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The Problem of Metamerism

Metamerism in textile shade matching is defined as a phenomenon in which two colored objects appear same in one light source but differ when the light source is changed. This could be due to difference in pigments or materials. The spectral reflectance characteristics of the colors of two objects are different , but the resulting tristimulus values are same in under one light source but different in another. Color Measurement Methods for Textile Fabrics Color Tolerances for Consistent Pass/Fail Decisions

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Colour Space

What is a color model? Every colour has a colour space which can be pinpointed by coordinates given by a computer. Colour can also be checked by eye and given a colour space, but again this is open to subjectivity.

Soluble Vat Dyes Sulfur Dyes Tests of Polluted water Textile Bleaching Textile Bleaching Agents Textile Dye Classes Textile Dyeing Laboratory Textile Finishing Textile Pretreatment Textile Testings A slide show The Basics of Yarn Making Vinysulfone Dyes Water Quality Parameters Water Softening Water Softening Winch Dyeing Machines Yarn Mercerizing Zero Discharge in Textile Dyeing

depth of a colour, ranging from white to black with grey in Extech Best Price $179.99 between. One way of picturing depth of colour would be or Buy New $179.99 to imagine a black and white photograph where every colour is shown as a different depth of black, white or Privacy Information grey. The lightness of the fabric sample would be represented by a number on the "L" axis.

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The three fundamental aspects of colour are lightness, chroma and hue. Lightness( bright colors,dark colors,light colors, the lightness of color changes vertically) is shown on the "L" axis. It indicates the

Chroma or saturation ( Vivid colors, dull colors, chroma changes outward from the center) is shown as the distance
away from the "L" axis. If the colour is described as being at the very outside edge of chroma it will appear to the observer to be very clean and bright. As it moves towards the grey central "L" axis it will become greyer, flatter and more dirty.
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Hue (Redder, greener, yellower, bluer etc. hues form the color wheel) is the variation in

colour. For example, a blue may be very red - moving towards purple lilac - and would appear in the blue colour space at the red side. Different shades of blue would all Privacy Information appear in the blue colour space but in different areas. Lightness, chroma and hue are checked on all yarns and piece dyed fabrics to ensure colour continuity standards are maintained to the highest levels. They can be represented as a three dimensional figure.

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FABRIC PROCESSING

Carpets and Rugs Fibers and Filament :Bodywear Singeing

More Information on Color Theory

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A Note on Color Inconstancy Read Book on Color Space conversions

CIE color model Complementary colors Electromagnetic energy Desaturation Gamut Grayscale HSV color model Hue Light primary colors Print primary colors Saturation Secondary colors Background knowledge of different light sources CIE Fluorescent Illuminants Artificial Daylight D65 which corresponds to a mid-day sun in Western Europe / Northern Europe is a commonly-used standard illuminant defined by the CIE. It is part of the D series of illuminants that try to portray standard illumination conditions at open-air in different parts of the world. Artificial Daylight D65 light sources do not exist actually, only simulators. The quality of a simulator can be assessed with the CIE Metamerism Index. CIE S005/E-1998. TL84 - CIE Fluorescent Illuminants, Light Source (F11), TL84 light sources represent a tri-band fluorescent lamp. CIE 1931. CWF - CIE Fluorescent Illuminants, Light Source (F2), CIE F series light sources represent various types of fluorescent lighting. CWF(Cool White Fluorescent) light sources found in office environments. Incandescent A - CIE Incandescent A is intended to represent typical, domestic, tungsten-filament lighting. Its relative spectral power distribution is that of a Planckian radiator at a temperature of approximately 2856 K. CIE standard Incandescent A should be used in all applications of colorimetry involving the use of incandescent lighting, unless there are specific reasons for using a different illuminant. It is found in our home. UV - UV Ultra Violet Black light to reveal the presence of fluorescent dyes and bleaches. U30/U35 - Neutral-white fluorescents have a CCT (Correlated color temperature) of 3000K or 3500K.
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New This blog is about the textile dyeing ,but colors affect the human life in many ways ,other than textiles. Given below are few of them. Color Therapy:-The Magic of Colors Fashionable colors:-The color Therapy Colorpuncture:- Acu Light therapy Hair coloring Skin toning and Tatooing :- Chemistry of tattoo inks Colorwheel of Fruits and vegetables Bleaches

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