Scribd
Upload
84 views2 pages

Sheet 6 - ME 211T

This document contains 14 problems related to thermodynamics and entropy. The problems involve calculating entropy changes for systems undergoing various processes like heating, cooling, expansion, compression and mixing of substances including water, steam, air and nitrogen gas. The processes occur in piston-cylinder devices and turbines and include phase changes, polytropic, isentropic and adiabatic processes. The document tests understanding of concepts like saturation lines, T-s diagrams, isentropic efficiency and the second law of thermodynamics.

Uploaded by

Omar Alkady
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
84 views2 pages

Sheet 6 - ME 211T

This document contains 14 problems related to thermodynamics and entropy. The problems involve calculating entropy changes for systems undergoing various processes like heating, cooling, expansion, compression and mixing of substances including water, steam, air and nitrogen gas. The processes occur in piston-cylinder devices and turbines and include phase changes, polytropic, isentropic and adiabatic processes. The document tests understanding of concepts like saturation lines, T-s diagrams, isentropic efficiency and the second law of thermodynamics.

Uploaded by

Omar Alkady
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Misr University for Science & Technology Thermodynamics

Faculty of Engineering (ME 211T)


Mechanical Engineering Department Sheet #6

Entropy
Problems:
1- An insulated piston–cylinder device contains 5 L of saturated liquid water at a constant pressure of
150 kPa. An electric resistance heater inside the cylinder is now turned on, and 2200 kJ of energy is
transferred to the steam. Determine the entropy change of the water during this process.

2- A rigid tank contains 5 kg of saturated vapor steam at 100 C. The steam is cooled to the ambient
temperature of 25 C.
(a) Sketch the process with respect to the saturation lines on a T-v diagram.
(b) Determine the entropy change of the steam, in kJ/K.
(c) For the steam and its surroundings, determine the total entropy change associated with this process,
in kJ/K.

3- 2-kg of saturated water vapor at 600 kPa are contained in a piston-cylinder device. The water expands
adiabatically until the pressure is 100 kPa and is said to produce700 kJ of work output.
(a) Determine the entropy change of the water, in kJ/kg·K.
(b) Is this process realistic? Using the T-s diagram for the process and the concepts of second law,
support your answer

4- An insulated piston–cylinder device initially contains 300 L of air at 120 kPa and 17 C. Air is now
heated for 15 min by a 200-W resistance heater placed inside the cylinder. The pressure of air is
maintained constant during this process. Determine the entropy change of air, assuming (a) constant
specific heats and (b) variable specific heats.

5- A piston–cylinder device contains 0.75 kg of nitrogen gas at 140 kPa and 37 C. The gas is now
compressed slowly in a polytropic process during which PV1.3 = constant. The process ends when the
volume is reduced by one-half. Determine the entropy change of nitrogen during this process.

6- Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 5 MPa, 650 C, and 80 m/s and leaves at 50 kPa, 150 C, and 140
m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 8 MW, determine (a) the mass flow rate of the steam flowing
through the turbine and (b) the isentropic efficiency of the turbine.

7- Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and 500 C with a mass flow rate of 3 kg/s and leaves at 30
kPa. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 0.90. Neglecting the kinetic energy change of the steam,
determine (a) the temperature at the turbine exit and (b) the power output of the turbine.

8- The exhaust nozzle of a jet engine expands air at 300 kPa and 180 C adiabatically to 100 kPa.
Determine the air velocity at the exit when the inlet velocity is low and the nozzle isentropic efficiency
is 96 percent

9- Hot combustion gases enter the nozzle of a turbojet engine at 260 kPa, 747 C, and 80 m/s, and they
exit at a pressure of 85 kPa. Assuming an isentropic efficiency of 92 percent and treating the
combustion gases as air, determine (a) the exit velocity and (b) the exit temperature.
1
10- An ambient air enters a compressor at 100 kPa, 20 C, and discharges it at 600 kPa. The compressor
has an isentropic efficiency of 82%. Calculate the discharge temperature using a- constant specific
heat assumption, b- using variable specific heat assumption.

11- Air enters a turbine at 1600 K, 1050 kPa and expands to 150 kPa. The turbine isentropic efficiency is
87%. Find the actual temperature of air leaving the turbine and the specific entropy change for the
actual turbine.

12- Air turbine has an isentropic efficiency of 80% delivers 270 kJ/kg of work. The inlet temperature is
1000 K and it exhausts to the atmosphere. Find the inlet pressure and the exhaust temperature.

13- Consider the turbocharger of an internal combustion engine. The


exhaust gases enter the turbine at 450 C at a rate of 0.02 kg/s and leave
at 400 C. Air enters the compressor at 70 C and 95 kPa at a rate of
0.018 kg/s and leaves at 135 kPa. The mechanical efficiency between
the turbine and the compressor is 95 percent (5 percent of turbine work
is lost during its transmission to the compressor). Using air properties
for the exhaust gases, determine (a) the air temperature at the
compressor exit and (b) the isentropic efficiency of the compressor.

14- Two rigid tanks are connected by a valve. Tank A is insulated and contains 0.3 m3 of steam at 400
kPa and 60 percent quality. Tank B is uninsulated and contains 2 kg of steam at 200 kPa and 250 C.
The valve is now opened, and steam flows from tank A to tank B until the pressure in tank A drops
to 200 kPa. During this process 300 kJ of heat is transferred from tank B to the surroundings at 17 C.
Assuming the steam remaining inside tank A to have undergone reversible adiabatic process,
determine (a) the final temperature in each tank and (b) the entropy generated during this process.

You might also like