TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

Table of Contents

1. POWER TRANSFORMER ..................................................................................................................... 2

2. STANDARDS ...................................................................................................................................... 3

3. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................................. 3

 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

1. POWER TRANSFORMER

1.1. Scope of Work

This chapter covers specification for design, engineering, manufacture, Factory testing, including all
materials, accessories, , Supervision of erection, testing and commissioning of the Power
Transformer for solar park pooling station 500MWac Project in Rajasthan.

For transportation, erection, testing and commissioning and condition monitoring & life cycle
management, the document “Standard Specifications and Technical Parameters for Transformers
and Reactors (66 kV & above Voltage Class)” issued by CEA may be referred.

The design and workmanship shall be in accordance with the best engineering practices to ensure
satisfactory performance throughout the service life.

Any material and equipment not specifically stated in this specification, but which are necessary for
satisfactory operation of the equipment shall be deemed to be included unless specifically excluded
and shall be supplied without any extra cost

Components having identical rating shall be interchangeable.

Scope of Supply
Type, rating, and connections of the equipment listed below are detailed in the Single Line Diagram
attached in Annexure-I. The equipment shall be offered in strict compliance with the CEA guideline
and IEC 60076.

S.no Description QTY

1 Three Winding (Cu) 33/400kV, 160 MVA ONAN with 110 % continuous
overloading, OLTC ±10% in step of 1.25 % with 5 % extra oil, RTCC, Mounting 4 Nos.
Rail, NIFPS & Accessories etc.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

2. STANDARDS

In addition to the codes and standards specifically mentioned in the relevant technical specifications
for the equipment / plant / system, all equipment parts, systems and works covered under this
specification shall comply with all currently applicable statutory regulations and safety codes including
the following:
CODES & Standards Title
IEC 60076-1 Power transformers- General
IEC 60076-2 Power transformers-Temperature rise
IEC 60076-3 Power transformers – Insulation levels, dielectric tests, and external
clearances in air
IEC 60076-4 Power transformers – Guide to the lightning impulse and switching
impulse testing – Power transformers and reactors
IEC 60076-5 Power transformers – Part 5: Ability to withstand short circuit
IEC 60076-6 ,7,8 Power transformers – Application guide
CEA guideline Standard Specifications for transformer & reactors (66 kV & above
voltage class)
IS:2026, IS:6600, IEC:60076 Power Transformer
IS:2099, IEC:60137, IS: 3347 Bushings
IEC 60296 (New Uninhibited Oil), Insulating oil
refer detail
elsewhere in this subsection

3. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS
3.1.1. General

 Transformers shall be capable of operating under natural cooled condition up to the specified
load. The forced cooling equipment, wherever specified, shall come into operation by pre-set
contacts of winding temperature indicator and the transformer shall operate in forced cooling
mode initially as ONAF (as specified) up to specified load and then as ODAF (or OFAF
 Transformers shall be capable of operating under natural cooled condition up to the specified
load. The forced cooling equipment shall come into operation by pre-set contacts of winding
temperature indicator and the transformer shall operate as a forced cooling unit initially as
ONAF up to specified load and then as OFAF. Cooling shall be so designed that during total
failure of power supply to cooling fans and oil pumps, the transformer shall be able to operate at
full load for at least ten (10) minutes without the calculated winding hot spot temperature
exceeding 140 deg C.
If the Transformer is fitted with two coolers, each capable of dissipating 50 per cent of the loss
at continuous maximum rating, it shall be capable of operating for 20 minutes in the event of
failure of the oil circulating pump or blowers associated with one cooler without the calculated
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

winding hot spot temperature exceeding 140 deg C at continuous max rating. The contractor
shall submit supporting calculations for the above and the same shall be reviewed during design
review.

 The transformer shall be free from any electrostatic charging tendency (ECT) under all operating
conditions and maximum oil velocity shall be such that it does not lead to static discharges
inside the transformer while all coolers (including spare) are in operation.
 The transformers shall be capable of being overloaded in accordance with IEC-60076-7. There
shall be no limitation imposed by bushings, tap changers etc. or any other associated
equipment.
 The hotspot temperature in any location of the tank shall not exceed 95 deg. Celsius at rated
MVA. This shall be measured during temperature rise test at manufacturer’s works.
 The maximum flux density in any part of the core and yoke at the rated MVA, voltage and
frequency shall be such that under 10 % continuous over-voltage condition it does not exceed
1.9 Tesla at all tap positions.
 The current density in any of the windings shall not exceed 3.5 A/sq.mm at all tap positions.
 The transformer and all its accessories including bushing / built in CTs etc. shall be designed to
withstand without damage, the thermal and mechanical effects of any external short circuit to
earth and of short circuits at the terminals of any winding. The transformer (power/auto) shall be
designed to withstand the thermal stress for short circuit duration of 2 seconds and the same
shall be verified during design review.
 The short circuit level of the HV & IV System to which the transformers will be connected is as
follows:
400kV system – 63 kA for 1 sec (symm, rms, 3 phase fault)
33kV & 11kV system - 25 kA for 3 sec (symm, rms, 3 phase fault)
However, for transformer design purpose, the through fault current shall be considered limited
by the transformer self-impedance only (i.e., Zs = 0)
 Transformer shall be capable of withstanding thermal and mechanical stresses due to
symmetrical or asymmetrical faults on any terminals. Mechanical strength of the transformer
shall be such that it can withstand 3-phase and 1- phase through fault with rated voltage applied
to HV and/or LV terminals of transformer. The short circuit shall alternatively be applied to each
of the HV, LV and tertiary transformer terminals as applicable. The tertiary terminals (if available)
shall be considered not connected to system source. For short circuit on the tertiary terminals (if
available), the in-feed from both HV & LV system shall be limited by the transformer self-
impedance only and the rated voltage of HV and LV terminals shall be considered.
 Transformers shall withstand without damage, heating due to the combined voltage and
frequency fluctuations which produce the following over fluxing conditions: 110 % for continuous
125 % for 1 minute 140 % for 5 seconds Withstand time for 150% & 170% over voltage shall be
indicated. Over fluxing characteristics up to 170 % shall be submitted.
 The air core reactance of HV winding of transformer shall not be less than 20%. External or
internal reactors shall not be used to achieve the specified HV/LV or HV/LV1 and HV/LV2 (as
applicable) impedances.
 The maximum permissible values of losses at principal tap rating at full load at 75 deg C have
been specified in Annexure-A for the ratings covered under this specification. The losses shall
be firm, and no positive tolerance shall be allowed. No weightage shall be given for supply of
transformer, with losses (measured during routine tests) less than the losses 0.5 % at rated
MVA, (0.1 % Iron Losses + 0.4 % Cu and auxiliary losses).
 The maximum permissible losses (No load loss, auxiliary loss, and load loss) at rated
voltage/current (at 75 deg C) have been specified Following penalties shall be levied on the
manufacturer/contractor (as the case may be) if losses measured during routine test are found
to be within +2% tolerance of the losses specified above, beyond which the transformer/ shall
be liable for rejection.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

S. Differential of specified losses vs RATE

No Measured losses (in INR per KW)
1 No load Loss Rs. 10,00,000/KW
2 Load Losses Rs. 8,00,000/KW
3 Auxiliary Losses Rs. 8,00,000/KW

 Radio Interference and Noise Level The transformer shall be designed with particular attention
to the suppression of harmonic voltage, especially the third and fifth harmonics to minimize
interference with communication circuits. The noise level of transformer, when energized at
normal voltage and frequency with fans and pumps running shall not exceed the values
specified in IEC/CEA

3.1.2. Construction Details

The construction details and features of transformer shall be in accordance with the requirement
stated hereunder.
Tank
 The tank shall be of proven design of either Bell type with bolted/ welded joint or conventional
(preferable) with bolted/welded top cover. Bell type tank, if provided, shall have joint as close as
possible to the bottom of the tank.
 The tank shall be designed in such a way that the transformer can be rested on concrete plinth
foundation directly or on roller assembly.
 Tank shall be fabricated from tested quality low carbon steel of adequate thickness. Unless
otherwise approved, metal plate, bar and sections for fabrication shall comply with IS 2062.
 The base of each tank shall be so designed that it shall be possible to move the complete
transformer unit by skidding in any direction without damage when using plates or rails and the
base plate shall have following minimum thickness as per CEA guideline.
 Tank shall be capable of withstanding without damage severe strains that may be induced under
normal operating conditions or during lifting, jacking, and pulling forces encountered during
shipping and handling at site or factory. Tank and associated structure should be adequately
designed for forces arising out of normal oil pressure, test pressures and seismic conditions,
short circuit forces specified.
 The welded joint shall be provided with flanges suitable for repeated welding. The joint shall be
provided with a suitable gasket to prevent weld splatter inside the tank. Proper tank shielding
shall be done to prevent excessive temperature rise at the joint.
 All seams and joints which are not required to be opened at site, shall be factory welded, and
shall be double welded [i.e., with a continuous cord on both sides of the plate (inside and
outside of the tank), bottom & cover of the tank, turrets, flanges, etc.] to ensure adequate
strength. Butt welds on parts that are mechanically stressed or under pressure must have full
penetration. Welding shall conform to IS 9595. The requirement of post weld heat treatment of
tank/stress relieving shall be based on recommendation of IS 10801.
 Tank shall be fabricated from tested quality low carbon steel of adequate thickness. Unless
otherwise approved, metal plate, bar and sections for fabrication shall comply with BS-4360 / IS
2062.
 Tank shall be fabricated from tested quality low carbon steel of adequate thickness. Unless
otherwise approved, metal plate, bar and sections for fabrication shall comply with BS-4360 / IS
2062.
 The welded joint shall be provided with flanges suitable for repeated welding. The joint shall be
provided with a suitable gasket to prevent weld splatter inside the tank. Proper tank shielding
shall be done to prevent excessive temperature rise at the joint.
 Tank stiffeners shall be provided for general rigidity, and these shall be designed to prevent
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

retention of water. Sharp edges on stiffeners should be avoided for better paint adhesion
 Tank stiffeners shall be provided for general rigidity, and these shall be designed to prevent
retention of water. Sharp edges on stiffeners should be avoided for better paint adhesion
 Tank MS plates of thickness >12 mm should undergo Ultrasonic Test (UT) to check lamination
defect, internal impurities in line with ASTM 435 & ASTM 577.
 After fabrication of tank and before painting, Non-destructive test (dye penetration test) is
mandatory on the load bearing members such as base plate joints, jacking pads and lifting
devices etc.
 The base of each tank shall be designed such that the complete transformer may be moved by
skidding in any direction without damage when using plates or rails.
 Suitable guides shall be provided for positioning the various parts during assembly or
dismantling. Adequate space shall be provided between the covers & windings and the bottom
of the tank for collection of any sediment.
 Tank should be provided with adequately sized inspection covers, either in circular shape or in
rectangular shape, preferably at diagonally opposite sides of the tank to access the active part
and one at each end of the tank cover for easy access of the lower end of the bushings,
earthing connections and tap changers etc. for inspection. Inspection covers shall be bolted
type and shall not weigh more than 25 kgs. Handles shall be provided on the inspection cover to
facilitate its lifting.
 The tank cover shall be provided with pockets for oil and winding temperature indicators. The
location of pockets (for OTI, WTI & RTDs including two spare pockets) shall be in the position
where oil reaches maximum temperature. Further, it shall be possible to remove bulbs/probes of
OTI/WTI/RTD without lowering the oil in the tank. The thermometer shall be fitted with a captive
screw to prevent the ingress of water.
 It should be possible to inspect Buchholz relay or Oil surge relay, standing on tank cover or
suitable arrangement shall be made to access Buchholz relay safely.
 The tank cover shall be designed to prevent retention of rainwater Bushing turrets, covers of
inspection openings, thermometer pockets etc. shall be designed to prevent ingress of water
into or leakage of oil from the tank.
 Tank shall be provided with:
- Lifting lugs: Minimum four symmetrically placed lifting lugs of adequate size shall be
provided so that it will be possible to lift the complete transformer when filled with oil &
without structural damage to any part of the transformer. The factor of safety at any lug shall
not be less than 2. Suitable haulage holes shall also be provided.
- A minimum of four jacking pads (not fouling with rail, rollers or other accessories) shall be
provided in accessible position to enable the transformer to complete with oil to be raised or
lowered using hydraulic jacks. The location shall be such that it should not interfere with
loading & unloading from trailer.
- Each jacking pad shall be designed with an adequate factor of safety to support at least half
of the total mass of the transformer filled with oil in addition to maximum possible
misalignment of the jacking force to the center of the working surface.
- The tank cover and bushing turret shall be fixed to the transformer using copper links in
such a way that good electrical contact is maintained around the perimeter of the tank and
turrets.
- The transformer shall be provided with a suitable diameter pipe flange, butterfly valve,
bolted blanking plate and gasket at the highest point of the transformer for maintaining
vacuum in the tank.
- Suitable haulage holes shall be provided.
- 04 nos. of Gate valves of 50 NB (min.) shall be provided for UHF sensors for PD
Measurements (applicable for 400kV and above voltage class Transformer only) at suitable
locations. Location of valves shall be finalized during design review. Further, manufacturer
shall demonstrate PD measurement with use of 04 nos. of UHF sensors using the same
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

gate valves during Type test under each contract. However, scope of supply of UHF based
PD measurement system shall be applicable if specified by the utility.
- Suitable provisions of pockets for OTI, WTI & RTDs including two spare pockets.

Tank Cover
 Tank cover shall be capable of withstanding without damage severe strains that may be induced
under normal operating conditions or during shipping and handling at site or factory. Cover
should be capable of withstanding without damage or permanent deformation the collapsing
forces produced by completely evacuating the tanks for vacuum filling. Cover shall be either
plain or curved or slanted, to prevent retention of rainwater & it shall be designed for efficient
movement of fault gas to Buchholz relay.
 For anti-fall protections, cover shall be provided with permanent mounting brackets provision as
the points of attachment for a temporary detachable safety pole of minimum 1 m height. Safety
poles to be supplied along with each transformer, for hooking safety harness by operator, if
specified by purchaser. These poles shall be removed by the operators, during
transformer/reactor working conditions. Cover should have anti-skidding arrangement.
 At least two adequately sized inspection openings, one at each end of the tank shall be provided
for easy access to bushings and earth connections & tap changers. Tank cover should be
provided with hand holes either in circular or rectangular shape. The inspection cover shall not
weigh more than 25kgs. Handles shall be provided on the inspection cover to facilitate its lifting.
 The tank cover shall be provided with pockets for oil and winding temperature indicators. The
location of pockets (for OTI, WTI & RTDs including two spare pockets) shall be in the position
where oil reaches maximum temperature. Further, it shall be possible to remove bulbs of
OTI/WTI/RTD without lowering the oil in the tank. The thermometer shall be fitted with a captive
screw to prevent the ingress of water.
 It should be possible to inspect Buchholz relay or Oil surge relay, standing on tank cover or
suitable arrangement shall be made to access Buchholz relay safely
 Bushing turrets, covers of inspection openings, thermometer pockets etc. shall be designed to
prevent ingress of water into or leakage of oil from the tank.
 To allow for the effect of possible induced and capacitive surge current flow, the tank cover and
bushing turret shall be fixed to the transformer using copper links in such a way that good
electrical contact is maintained around the perimeter of the tank and turrets.
 The transformer/reactor shall be provided with a suitable diameter pipe flange, butterfly valve,
bolted blanking plate and gasket shall be fitted at the highest point of the transformer for
maintaining vacuum in the tank.

Gas venting
 The transformer cover and generally the internal spaces of the transformer and all pipe
connections shall be designed to provide efficient venting of any gas in any part of the
transformer/reactor to the Buchholz relay. The space created under inspection /manhole covers
shall be filled with suitable material to avoid inadvertent gas pockets. Covers shall be vented at
least at both longitudinal ends. The design for gas venting shall take into accounts the slopes of
the plinth (if any) on which the transformer/reactor is being mounted.

Gasket for tank & cover

 All gasketed joints shall be designed, manufactured, and assembled to ensure long-term leak
proof and maintenance free operation. All gasketed joints shall preferably be O-ring and
designed with gasket-in-groove arrangement. If gasket/O-rings is compressible, metallic
stops/other suitable means shall be provided to prevent over compression. All bolted
connections shall be fitted with weatherproof, hot oil resistant, resilient gasket in between for
complete oil tightness. All matching flanges of gasket sealing joints should be machined (except
curb joints). Gasket with intermediate stops is not acceptable. To the extent possible, the
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

seamless gasket should be used for openings on tank/cover such as turrets, bushing, inspection
covers etc. All tank gaskets/O-rings used shall be of NBR (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber)
suitable for temperature conditions expected to be encountered during operation. The gasket
material and additives should be fully compatible with transformer insulating fluid/oil. The gasket
should not contain oil soluble sulphur compounds. The properties of all the above gaskets/O-
Rings shall comply with the requirements of type-IV rubber of IS-11149. Gaskets and O-rings
shall be replaced every time whenever the joints are opened.
 All gasketed joints shall be designed, manufactured, and assembled to ensure long-term leak
and maintenance free operation. All gasketed joints shall preferably of O-ring and groove type.
All tank gaskets/O-rings used shall be of NBR (Acrylonitrile butadiene Rubber) conforming to IS
4253. Material selected shall suit temperature conditions expected to be encountered at the site.
 All bolted connections shall be fitted with weatherproof, hot oil resistant, resilient gasket in
between for complete oil tightness. If gasket/O-rings is compressible, metallic stops/other
suitable means shall be provided to prevent over-compression. The properties of all the above
gaskets / O Rings shall comply with the requirements of IS-11149. Gaskets and O rings shall be
replaced every time whenever the joints are opened
Foundation, Roller Assembly and Anti Earthquake Clamping Device

 Transformer shall be rested on foundation on roller assembly.

The rollers are to be provided with flanged bi-directional wheels and axles. This set of wheels
and axles shall be suitable for fixing to the under carriage of transformer/reactor to facilitate its
movement on rail track.
Suitable locking arrangement along with foundation bolts shall be provided for the wheels to
prevent accidental movement of transformer/reactor.
The rail track gauge shall be 1676 mm. To prevent movement during earthquake, suitable
clamping devices shall be provided for fixing the transformer/reactor to the foundation. In case
rail is not required for smaller rating transformers, arrangement of unidirectional roller mounted
on channel shall be provided and channel shall be locked with the plinth suitably.
For foundation of separately mounted cooler bank of Transformer, fixing of cooler support shall
be through Anchor Fastener with chemical grouting and no pockets for bolting shall be provided.
For support of cooler pipes, Buchholz pipe (if required) and fire-fighting pipe pylon supports,
prefabricated metallic support from pit shall be provided which shall be further encased with
concrete to prevent rusting. All control cubicles shall be mounted at least 1 (One) meter above
FGL to take care of water logging during flooding. Suitable arrangement (ladder and platform)
shall be provided for safe access to control cubicles.
Conservator
 Main tank conservator shall have air cell type constant oil pressure system to prevent oxidation
and contamination of oil due to contact with moisture. Conservator shall be fitted with magnetic
oil level gauge with potential free high and low oil level alarm contacts and prismatic oil level
gauge.
 Conservator tank shall have adequate capacity with highest and lowest visible levels to meet the
requirements of expansion of total cold oil volume in the transformer and cooling equipment
from minimum ambient temperature to top oil temperature of 100 deg C. The capacity of the
conservator tank shall be such that the transformer shall be able to carry the specified overload
without overflowing of oil.
 The conservator shall be fitted with lifting lugs in such a position so that it can be removed for
cleaning purposes. Suitable provision shall be kept replacing air cell and cleaning of the
conservator as applicable.
 The conservator shall preferably be on the left side of the tank while viewing from HV side.
 The connection of air cell to the top of the conservator is by air proof seal preventing entrance of
air into the conservator. The main conservator tank shall be stencilled on its underside with the
words “Caution: Air cell fitted”. Lettering of at least 150 mm size shall be used in such a way to
ensure clear legibility from ground level when the transformer/reactor is fully installed. To
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

prevent oil filling into the air cell, the oil filling aperture shall be clearly marked. The
transformer/reactor rating and diagram plate shall bear a warning statement that the “Main
conservator is fitted with an air cell”.
 Contact of the oil with atmosphere is prohibited by using a flexible air cell of nitrile rubber
reinforced with nylon cloth. The temperature of oil in the conservator is likely to raise up to 100
Deg C during operation. As such air cell used shall be suitable for operating continuously at this
temperature.
 The transformer manual shall give full and clear instructions on the operation, maintenance,
testing and replacement of the air cell. It shall also indicate shelf life, life expectancy in operation,
and the recommended replacement intervals.
 The conservator tank and piping shall be designed for complete vacuum/ filling of the main tank
and conservator tank. Provision must be made for equalizing the pressure in the conservator
tank and the air cell during vacuum/ filling operations to prevent rupturing of the air cell.
 The contractor shall furnish the leakage rates of the rubber bag/ air cell for oxygen and moisture.
It is preferred that the leakage rate for oxygen from the air cell into the oil will be low enough so
that the oil will not generally become saturated with oxygen. Air cells with well proven long-life
characteristics shall be preferred.
 OLTC shall have conventional type conservator (without aircell) with magnetic oil level gauge
with potential free oil level alarm contact and prismatic oil level gauge.
 Conservator Protection Relay (CPR)/Air cell puncture detection relay shall be externally installed
on the top of conservator to give alarm in the event of lowering of oil in the conservator due to
puncture of air cell in service.
Piping works for conservator
 Pipe work connections shall be of adequate size preferably short and direct. Only radiused
elbows shall be used.
 The feed pipe to the transformer tank shall enter the cover plate at its highest point and shall be
straight for a distance not less than five times its internal diameter on the transformer side of the
Buchholz relay, and straight for not less than three times that diameter on the conservator side
of the relay. This pipe shall rise towards the oil conservator, through the Buchholz relay, at an
angle of not less than 3 degrees. The feed pipe diameter for the main conservator shall be not
less than 80mm. The Gas-venting pipes shall be connected to the final rising pipe between the
transformer and Buchholz relay as near as possible in an axial direction and preferably not less
than five times pipe diameters from the Buchholz relay.
 A double flange valve of preferably 50 mm and 25 mm size shall be provided to fully drain the oil
from the main tank conservator and OLTC conservator tank respectively.
 Pipe work shall neither obstruct the removal of tap changers for maintenance or the opening of
inspection or manhole covers.
 No metal corrugated bellow (Flexible metal system) should be used in the feed pipe connecting
main tank to conservator.

Dehydrating Silica gel Filter Breather

Conservator of Main Tank and OLTC shall be fitted with a dehydrating silica gel filter breather.
Connection shall be made to a point in the oil conservator not less than 50 mm above the
maximum working oil level by means of a pipe with a minimum diameter of 25 mm. Breathers
and connecting pipes shall be securely clamped and supported to the transformer/reactor, or
other structure supplied by the manufacturer, in such a manner so as to eliminate undesirable
vibration and noise. The design shall be such that:
 Passage of air is through silica gel.
 Silica gel is isolated from atmosphere by an oil seal.
 Moisture absorption indicated by a change in colour of the crystals.
 Breather is mounted approximately 1200 mm above rail top level.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

 To minimize the ingress of moisture three breathers (of identical size) for 220kV and above
voltage class transformer/ and two breathers (of identical size) for below 220kV class
transformer/ shall be connected in series for main tank conservator Manufacturer shall provide
flexible connection pipes to be used during replacement of any silica gel breather.
 To minimize the ingress of moisture, two in series of identical size shall be connected to OLTC
Conservator. Manufacturer shall provide flexible connection pipes to be used during
replacement of any silica gel breather.
Pressure Relief Device (PRD)
 One PRD of 150 mm Diameter is required for every 30000 Litres of oil. However, at least two
numbers PRD shall be provided. Its mounting should be either in vertical or horizontal
orientation, preferably close to bushing turret or cover or side. PRD operating pressure selected
shall be verified during design review.
 PRD shall be provided with special shroud to direct the hot oil in case of fault condition. It shall
be provided with an outlet pipe which shall be taken right up to the soak pit of the transformer.
The size (Diameter) of shroud shall be such that it should not restrict rapid release of any
pressure that may be generated in the tank, which may result in damage to equipment. Oil
shroud should be kept away from control cubicle and clear of any operating position to avoid
injury to personnel in the event of PRD operation.
 The device shall maintain its oil tightness under static oil pressure equal to the static operating
head of oil plus 20 kPa.
 It shall be capable of withstanding full internal vacuum at mean sea level. It shall be mounted
directly on the tank. Suitable canopy shall be provided to prevent ingress of rainwater. One set
of potential free contacts (with plug & socket type arrangement) per device shall be provided for
tripping. Following routine tests shall be conducted on PRD:
a) Air pressure test
b) Liquid pressure test
c) Leakage test
d) Contact operation test
e) Dielectric test on contact terminals

Sudden Pressure Relay (for 220kV and above transformer/reactor)

 One number of Sudden Pressure relay with alarm/trip contacts (Terminal connection plug &
socket type arrangement) shall be provided on tank of transformer/reactor. Operating features
and size shall be reviewed during design review. Suitable canopy shall be provided to prevent
ingress of rainwater. Pressurized water ingress test for Terminal Box (routine tests) shall be
conducted on Sudden Pressure Relay
Buchholz Relay
 Double float, reed type Buchholz relay shall be provided in series of the connecting pipe
between the oil conservator and the transformer/reactor tank with minimum distance of five
times pipe diameters between them.
 Any gas evolved in the transformer/reactor shall be collected in this relay. The relay shall be
provided with a test cock suitable for a flexible pipe connection for checking its operation and
taking gas sample.
 A copper tube shall be connected from the gas collector to a valve located about 1200 mm
above ground level to facilitate sampling while the transformer/reactor in service. Suitable
canopy shall be provided to prevent ingress of rainwater. It shall be provided with two potential
free contacts (Plug & socket type arrangement), one for alarm / trip on gas accumulation and
the other for tripping on sudden rise of pressure.
 The Buchholz relay shall not operate during starting/ stopping of the transformer oil circulation
under any oil temperature conditions. The pipe or relay aperture baffles shall not be used to
decrease the sensitivity of the relay. The relay shall not mal-operate for through fault conditions
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

or be influenced by the magnetic fields around the transformer/reactor during the external fault
conditions. Pressurized water ingress test for Terminal Box (routine tests) shall be conducted on
Buchholz relay.
 Suitable canopy shall be provided to prevent ingress of rainwater. It shall be provided with two
potential free contacts (Plug & socket type arrangement), one for alarm/trip on gas accumulation
and the other for tripping on sudden rise of pressure.
Oil Temperature Indicator (OTI)
 The transformer/reactor shall be provided with a 150 mm dial type thermometer for top oil
temperature indication with angular sweep of 270°. Range of temperature should be 0-150°C
with accuracy of ±1°C (or better) of full-scale deflection.
 The instruments should be capable of withstanding line to body high voltage of 2.5kV AC rms,
50Hz for 1 minute. The terminal provided for auxiliary wiring should be Press-fit type.
 The thermometer shall have adjustable, potential free alarm and trip contacts, maximum reading
pointer and resetting device, switch testing knob & anti-vibration mounting grommets (for
projection mounting). Type of switch (NO/NC) shall be heavy duty micro switch of 5A at 240A AC.
Adjustable range shall be 20-90% of full-scale range. The instruments case should be
weatherproof and epoxy coating at all sides. Instrument should meet ingress protection class of
IP55 as per IEC60529.
 A temperature sensing bulb located in a thermometer pocket on tank cover should be provided
to sense top oil. This shall be connected to the OTI instrument by means of flexible stainless-
steel armour to protect capillary tubing with additional Stainless-steel amour to reinforce at the
entry to the case. Temperature indicator dials shall have linear gradations to clearly read at least
every 2 deg C. The setting of alarm and tripping contacts shall be adjustable at site.
In addition to the above, the following accessories shall be provided for remote indication of oil
temperature:
 Temperature transducer with PT100 sensor RTD shall be provided with PT100 temperature
sensor having nominal resistance of 100 ohms at zero degree centigrade. The PT100
temperature sensor shall have three wire ungrounded system.
 The calibration shall be as per IEC 60751-2 or equivalent. The PT100 sensor may be placed in
the pocket containing temperature sensing element. RTD shall include image coil for OTI
system and shall provide dual output 4-20mA for SCADA system. The transducer shall be
installed in the Individual Marshalling Box. Any special cable required for shielding purpose, for
connection between PT100 temperature sensor and transducer, shall be in the scope of
manufacturer. 4-20mA signal shall be wired to Digital RTCC panel / BCU for further transfer data
to SCADA through IEC 61850 compliant communications.
Winding Temperature Indicator (WTI)
 The transformer/reactor shall be provided with a 150mm dial type hot spot indicator for
measuring the hot spot temperature of each winding [HV, IV & Tertiary (if applicable)]. It shall
have angular sweep of 270°. Range of temperature should be 0-150°C with accuracy of ±1°C.
The instruments should be capable of withstanding line to body high voltage of 2.5kV AC rms,
50Hz for 1 minute. The terminal provided for auxiliary wiring should be Press-fit type.
 The thermometer shall have adjustable, potential free alarm, trip contacts besides that required
for control of cooling equipment’s, if any. Instrument should be provided with maximum reading
pointer and resetting device, switch testing knob & anti-vibration mounting grommets (for
projection mounting). Type of switch (NO/NC) shall be heavy duty micro switch of 5A at 240A AC.
Adjustable range shall be 20-90% of full-scale range.
 The instruments case should be weatherproof and epoxy coating at all sides. Instruments
should meet ingress protection class of IP55 as per IEC60529. A temperature sensing bulb
located in a thermometer pocket on tank cover should be provided to sense top oil.
 This shall be connected to the WTI instrument by means of flexible stainless-steel armour to
protect capillary tubing with additional Stainless-steel armour to reinforce at the entry to the
case. WTI shall have image coil and auxiliary CTs, if required to match the image coil mounted
in local control box. The setting of alarm and tripping contacts shall be adjustable at site.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

In addition to the above, the following accessories shall be provided for remote indication of oil
temperature:

 Temperature transducer with PT100 sensor for each winding RTD shall be provided with PT100
temperature sensor having nominal resistance of 100 ohms at zero degree centigrade.
 The PT100 temperature sensor shall have three wire ungrounded system. The calibration shall
be as per IEC 60751-2 or equivalent. The PT100 sensor may be placed in the pocket containing
temperature sensing element. RTD shall include image coil, Auxiliary CTs, if required to match
the image coil, for WTI system and shall provide dual output 4-20mA for remote WTI and
SCADA system individually. The transducer and Auxiliary CT shall be installed in the Individual
Marshaling Box. Any special cable required for shielding purpose, for connection between
PT100 temperature sensor and transducer, shall be in the scope of Contractor. 4-20mA signal
shall be wired to Digital RTCC / BCU panel for further transfer data to SCADA through IEC
61850 compliant communications. The temperature indicators (OTI & WTI) shall be so mounted
that the dials are about 1200 mm from ground level. Glazed door of suitable size shall be
provided for convenience of reading.

Earthing Terminals
 Two (2) earthing pads (each complete with two (2) nos. holes, M16 bolts, plain and spring
washers) suitable for connection to 75 x 12 mm galvanized steel grounding flat shall be
provided each at position close to earth of the two (2) diagonally opposite bottom corners of the
tank.
 Two earthing terminals suitable for connection to 75 x 12 mm galvanized steel flat shall also be
provided on each cooler, individual/common marshalling box and any other equipment mounted
separately. For the tank-mounted equipment like etc. double earthing shall be provided through
the tank for which provision shall be made through tank and connected through two flexible
insulated copper link.
 Equipotential flexible copper link of suitable size at least 4 Nos. for Tank mounted turret with
tank and tank with cover and or Bell shall be provided. For other components like - pipes,
conservator support etc. connected to tank shall also be provided with equipotential flexible
copper link.
 Each transformer/reactor unit should have provision for earthing and connected to grounding
mat when not in service. For this purpose, neutral shall have provision for connection to ground
by a brass/tinned copper grounding bar supported from the tank by using porcelain insulator.
The end of the tinned/brass copper bar shall be brought to the bottom of the tank at a
convenient point for making bolted connection to 75 X 12 mm GS flat connected to station
grounding mat. The other end of the tinned/brass copper bar shall be connected to the neutral
bushing through flexible conductor/jumper. HV & IV terminals shall also be earthed through
neutral by flexible copper connection. Contractor shall provide suitable arrangement for the
above.
Core
 The core shall be constructed from non-ageing, cold rolled high permeability grade or better
grain (as per IS 3024) oriented silicon steel laminations. Indian transformer manufacturers shall
use core material as per above specification with BIS certification.
 The design of the magnetic circuit shall be such as to avoid static discharges, development of
short circuit paths within itself or to the earthed clamping structure and production of flux
component at right angles to the plane of laminations which may cause local heating. The step-
lap construction arrangement is preferred for better noise, no-load current and no-load loss
performance.
 The hot spot temperature and surface temperatures in the core shall be calculated for over
voltage conditions specified in the document and it shall not exceed 125 deg C and 120 deg C
respectively.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

 Core and winding shall be capable of withstanding the shock during transport, installation, and
service. Adequate provision shall be made to prevent movement of core and winding relative to
tank during these conditions.
 All steel sections used for supporting the core shall be thoroughly sand / shot blasted after
cutting, drilling, and welding.
 Each core lamination shall be insulated with a material that will not deteriorate due to pressure
and hot oil.
 The supporting framework of the core shall be so designed as to avoid presence of pockets
which would prevent complete emptying of tank through drain valve or cause trapping of air
during oil filling.
 Single point core earthing should be ensured to avoid circulating current. Core earth should be
brought separately on the top of the tank to facilitate testing after installation on all transformers.
The removable links shall have adequate section to carry ground fault current. Separate
identification name plate/labels shall be provided for the ‘Core’ and ‘Core clamp’. Cross section
of Core earthing connection shall be of minimum size 80 sq.mm copper with exception of the
connections inserted between laminations which may be reduced to a cross sectional area of 20
sq. mm tinned copper where they are clamped between the laminations.
 Insulation of core to clamp/frame shall be tested at 2.5 kV DC for 1 minute without breakdown
after the transformer is filled with liquid and insulation resistance should be at least 1 giga ohm
for new transformer.
Windings
 The manufacturer shall ensure that windings of all transformers are made in clean, dust proof
(Cleanroom class ISO 9 or better as per ISO 14644-1), humidity-controlled environment with
positive atmospheric pressure.
 The conductors shall be of electrolytic grade copper free from scales and burrs. Oxygen content
shall be as per IS 12444. Epoxy bonded Continuously Transposed Conductor (CTC) shall be
used in main winding for rated current of 400 A or more.
 The conductor shall be transposed at sufficient intervals in order to minimize eddy currents and
to equalize the distribution of currents and temperature along the winding.
 The conductor insulation shall be made from high-density (at least 0.75 gm/cc) paper having
high mechanical strength. The characteristics for the paper will be reviewed at the time of
design review.
 The insulation of transformer windings and connections shall be free from insulating compounds
which are liable to soften, ooze out, shrink or collapse and shall be non-catalytic and chemically
inactive in transformer oil during service.
 Coil assembly and insulating spacers shall be so arranged as to ensure free circulation of oil
and to reduce the hot spot of the winding.
 The coils would be made up, shaped, and braced to provide for expansion and contraction due
to temperature changes..
 The windings shall be designed to withstand the dielectric tests specified. The type of winding
used shall be of time tested. An analysis shall be made of the transient voltage distribution in the
windings, and the clearances used to withstand the various voltages. Margins shall be used in
recognition of manufacturing tolerances and considering the fact that the system will not always
be in the new factory condition.
 The barrier insulation including spacers shall be made from high density pre-compressed
pressboard (1.15 gm/cc minimum for load bearing and 0.95 gm/cc minimum for non-load
bearing) to minimize dimensional changes. Kraft insulating paper used on conductor should
have density of >0.75 g/cc.
 Wherever required, electrostatic shield, made from material that will withstand the mechanical
forces, will be used to shield the high voltage windings from the magnetic circuit.
 All winding insulation shall be processed to ensure that there will be no detrimental shrinkage
after assembly. All windings shall be pre-sized before being clamped.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

 Winding paper moisture shall be less than 0.5%.

 All insulating materials and structures shall be protected from contamination and the effects of
humidity during and after fabrication, and after receipt, by storing them in a separate, climate-
controlled area. All blocks shall be installed such that the grain is oriented in the horizontal
direction, perpendicular to the winding compressive forces. Aspect ratio of selected conductor
shall be chosen suitably based on manufacturer experience to result in stable winding under
normal and abnormal service condition after assembly.
 Either brazing/crimping type of connections are permitted for joints. It shall be time proven and
safely withstand the cumulative effect of stress which may occur during handling, transportation,
installation and service including line to line and line to ground faults /Short circuits.
Manufacturer shall have system which allows only qualified personnel to make brazing or
crimping joints.
 Current carrying connections: - The mating faces of bolted connections shall be appropriately
finished and prepared for achieving good long lasting, electrically stable and effective contacts.
All lugs for crimping shall be of the correct size for the conductors. Connections shall be
carefully designed to limit hot spots due to circulating eddy currents.
 Winding terminations into bushings: - Winding termination interfaces with bushings shall be
designed to allow for repeatable and safe connection under site conditions to ensure the
integrity of the transformer in service.
 The winding end termination, insulation system and transport fixings shall be so designed that
the integrity of the insulation system generally remains intact during repeated work in this area.
 Allowances shall be made on the winding ends for accommodating tolerances on the axial
dimensions of the set of bushings and for the fact that bushings may have to be rotated to get
oil level inspection gauges to face in a direction for ease of inspection from ground level.
 Suitable inspection and access facilities into the tank in the bushing oil-end area shall be
provided to minimize the possibility of creating faults during the installation of bushings.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

Painting

PARTS NAME TYPE OF PAINT NO. OF COATS TOTAL DFT

External surface Chemical resistant epoxy zinc
of transformer phosphate primer, MIO
At least
and accessories (Miscellaneous iron oxide) as
One coat each 100
including M Box intermediate paint followed by
micron
(except polyurethane finish paint (RAL
radiators) 5012 Blue)

Bushings
For various voltage class of transformer, type of bushings shall be as follows:
145 kV, 245 kV and 420 kV bushings: - RIP/RIS
36 kV Bushings: - Solid porcelain or oil communicating type
 OIP: Oil Impregnated Paper (with porcelain/polymer housing); RIP: Resin Impregnated Paper
(with polymer housing); RIS: Resin Impregnated Synthetic (with polymer housing)
 Bushings shall be robust and designed for adequate cantilever strength to meet the requirement
of seismic condition, substation layout and movement along with the spare transformer with
bushing erected and provided with proper support from one foundation to another foundation
within the substation area. The electrical and mechanical characteristics of bushings shall be in
accordance with IS/IEC: 60137. All details of the bushing shall be submitted for approval and
design review.
 Oil filled condenser type bushing shall be provided with at least following fittings:
- Oil level gauge
- Tap for capacitance and tan delta test. Test taps relying on pressure contacts against the
outer earth layer of the bushing is not acceptable
- Oil filling plug & oil sample valve
 Porcelain used in bushing manufacture shall be homogenous, free from lamination, cavities and
other flaws or imperfections that might affect the mechanical or dielectric quality and shall be
thoroughly vitrified, tough and impervious to moisture
 Bushing shall be provided with tap for capacitance and tan delta test. Test taps relying on
pressure contacts against the outer earth layer of the bushing is not acceptable.
 Where current transformers are specified, the bushings shall be removable without disturbing
the current transformers.
 Bushings of identical rating of different makes shall be interchangeable to optimise the
requirement of spares.
 Polymer insulator shall be seamless sheath of a silicone rubber compound. The housing &
weather sheds should have silicon content of minimum 30% by weight. It should protect the
bushing against environmental influences, external pollution, and humidity. The interface
between the housing and the core must be uniform and without voids. The strength of the bond
shall be greater than the tearing strength of the polymer. The manufacturer shall follow non-
destructive technique (N.D.T.) to check the quality of jointing of the housing interface with the
core. The technique being followed with detailed procedure and sampling shall be finalized
during finalization of MQP
The weather sheds of the insulators shall be of alternate shed profile as per IS 16683-3/IEC
60815-3. The weather sheds shall be vulcanized to the sheath (extrusion process) or moulded
as part of the sheath (injection moulding process) and free from imperfections. The
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

vulcanization for extrusion process shall be at high temperature and for injection moulding shall
be at high temperature & high pressure. Any seams/ burrs protruding axially along the insulator,
resulting from the injection moulding process shall be removed completely without causing any
damage to the housing. The track resistance of housing and shed material shall be class 1A4.5
according to IS 9947. The strength of the weather shed to sheath interface shall be greater than
the tearing strength of the polymer. The polymer insulator shall be capable of high pressure
washing.
 End fittings shall be free from cracks, seams, shrinks, air holes and rough edges. End fittings
should be effectively, sealed to prevent moisture ingress, effectiveness of sealing system must
be supported by test documents. All surfaces of the metal parts shall be perfectly smooth with
the projecting points or irregularities which may cause corona. All load bearing surfaces shall be
smooth and uniform so as to distribute the loading stresses uniformly.
 The hollow silicone composite insulators shall comply with the requirements of IEC-61462 and
the relevant parts of IEC-62217. The design of the composite insulators shall be tested and
verified according to IEC-61462 (Type & Routine test).
 Clamps and fittings shall be of hot dip galvanised/stainless steel.
 Bushing turrets shall be provided with vent pipes, to route any gas collection through the
Buchholz relay
 Bushing turrets shall be provided with vent pipes, to route any gas collection through the
Buchholz relay
 Corona shield, wherever required, shall be provided at bushing terminal (air end) to minimize
corona.
 Bushing shall be specially packed to avoid any damage during transit and suitable for long
storage, with non-returnable packing wooden boxes with hinged type cover. Without any gap
between wooden planks. Packing Box opening cover with nails/screws type packing
arrangement shall not be acceptable. Manufacturer shall submit drawing/ documents of packing
for approval during detail engineering. Detail method for storage of bushing including
accessories shall be brought out in the instruction manual
 Oil end portion of RIP/RIS type bushings shall be fitted with metal housing with positive dry air
pressure or oil filled metal housing and a suitable pressure monitoring device shall be fitted on
the metal housing during storage to avoid direct contact with moisture with epoxy. The pressure
of dry air need to be maintained in case of leakage.
 The terminal marking and their physical position shall be as per IS 2026.
 Tan delta measurement at variable frequency (in the range of 20 Hz to 350 Hz) shall be carried
out on each condenser type bushing (OIP & RIP/ RIS) at Transformer manufacturing works as
routine test before dispatch and the result shall be compared at site during commissioning to
verify the healthiness of the bushing.
 Tan δ value of OIP/RIP/RIS condenser bushing shall be 0.005 (max.) in the temperature range
of 10°C to 40°C. If tan delta is measured at a temperature beyond above mentioned limit,
necessary correction factor as per IEEE shall be applicable.
Air insulated dry Busduct Box for 33 kV XLPE Busduct
NEUTRAL FORMATION AND EARTHING ARRANGEMENT
 The neutral of the transformer shall be brought out through bushing. The neutral terminal of
transformer shall be brought to the ground level by a brass/tinned copper grounding bar,
supported from the tank by using porcelain insulators. The end of the brass/tinned copper bar
shall be brought to a convenient location at the bottom of the tank, for making connection (using
bimetallic strip of adequate size) to grounding mat through separate earth pits using two (2)
numbers 75 x 12 mm galvanised steel flats. Aluminium clamps & connectors of suitable size
shall be provided for connection with neutral of the transformer.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

Radiator based cooling for Power transformer

 The cooler shall be designed using separately mounted radiator banks or tank mounted
radiators. Design of cooling system shall satisfy the performance requirements.
 In case of separately mounted radiator bank arrangement, radiator bank shall generally be
placed on left side of the tank while watching from HV side of the transformer. However, the
main tank shall have provision such that cooler banks can be placed on either side of the main
tank by simple reconnection without the need of any extra member/pipe maintaining the
electrical clearances
 The radiator shall be of sheet steel complying with IS 513 and minimum thickness 1.2 mm. Each
radiator bank shall be provided with the following accessories:
- Top and bottom shut off valve of at least 80mm size
- Drain Valve and sampling valve
- Top and bottom oil filling valves
- Air release plug at top
- Two grounding terminals suitable for termination of two (2) Nos.75x12 mm galvanised steel
flats.
- Thermometer pockets fitted with captive screw caps at cooler inlet
and outlet
- Lifting lugs
 The cooler pipes, support structure including radiators and its accessories shall be hot dip
galvanised or corrosion resistant paint should be applied to external surface of it.
 Air release device and oil plug shall be provided on oil pipe connections. Drain valves shall be
provided in order that each section of pipe work can be drained independently.
VALVES
 Type of valves shall be used for transformer as per following table. The location and size of
valves for other application shall be finalised during design review.

S.N Description of Valve Type

1 Drain Valve Gate
2 Filter valve Gate
3 Sampling Valve Globe
4 Radiator isolation valve Butterfly
5 Buchholz relay isolation valve Gate
6 Sudden pressure relay Gate
7 OLTC tank equalizing valve Gate / Needle
8 OLTC Drain cum filling valve Gate
9 Valve for vacuum application on Tank Gate
10 Conservator Drain valve Gate
11 Aircell equalizing valve Gate/Globe/Ball
12 Valve for Conservator vacuum (top) Gate
13 Filter valve for Cooler Bank (Header) Gate
14 Cooler Bank isolation valve Butterfly
15 Pump Isolation valve (if applicable) Butterfly
16 Valve for N2 injection (NIFPS) Gate
17 Valve for UHF Sensors (applicable for 400kV voltage class Gate
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

 All valves up to and including 50 mm shall be of gun metal or of cast steel. Larger valves may
be of gun metal or may have cast iron bodies with gun metal fittings. They shall be of full way
type with internal screw and shall open when turned counter clockwise when facing the hand
wheel.
 Suitable means shall be provided for locking the valves in the open and close positions.
Provision is not required for locking individual radiator valves.

Flow sensitive conservator Isolation valve

 In order to restrict the supply of oil in case of a fire in transformer, flow sensitive valve shall be
provided to isolate the conservator oil from the main tank. The valve shall be flow sensitive and
shut off when the flow in the pipe is more than the flow expected in the permissible normal
operating conditions. It shall not operate when oil pumps are switched on or off. This valve shall
be located in the piping between the conservator and the buchholz relay and shall not affect the
flow of oil from and to the conservator in normal conditions.
 When the flow from conservator to main tank is more than the normal operating conditions, the
valve shall shut off by itself and will have to be reset manually. It shall be provided with valve
open/close position indicator along with alarm contact indication in control room during closing
operation of valve. This valve shall be provided with locking arrangement for normal position
and oil filling / filtration position. A suitable platform or ladder (if required) shall be provided to
approach the valve for manual reset
CABLING
 All interconnecting control and power cables emanating from various parts of transformer like
turret CT, MBs, Fans, pumps, Buchholz, PRD etc. shall be routed through covered cable tray or
GI conduit and shall be properly dressed. All cables shall be armoured type. Un-armoured
cables (if provided) in any circuitry, shall be through GI conduit and no part shall be exposed.
Cable terminations shall be through stud type
 TB and ring type lugs. Type tested cables from approved sources shall be provided. Both ends
of all the wires (control & power) shall be provided with proper ferrule numbers for tracing and
maintenance. Further, any special cables (if required) shall also be considered included in the
scope. All cable accessories such as glands, lugs, cable tags/ numbers etc. as required shall be
considered included in the scope of supply. Typical technical specification for cables is attached
at Annexure-O. The cross section of “control cable” shall be 1.5 sq.mm (minimum) except for CT
circuits which should be 2.5 sq.mm (minimum).
TAP CHANGING EQUIPMENT
On Load Tap Changing (OLTC) Equipment
Main OLTC Gear Mechanism
 The transformer as specified in Annexure-A shall be provided with Voltage control equipment of
the tap changing type for varying its effective transformation ratio whilst the transformers are on
load. The OLTC shall conform to IS 8468/IEC 60214 (Part 1& 2). The requirement of voltage
regulation (on HV), location (physical and electrical) of tap winding, range of voltage variation,
no. of steps etc.
 The OLTC shall be of high-speed transition resistor type. OLTC shall be motor operated suitable
for local as well as remote operation. The diverter switch or arcing switch shall be designed so
as to ensure that its operation once commenced shall be completed independently of the control
relays or switches, failure of auxiliary supplies etc. To meet any contingency which may result in
incomplete operation of the diverter switch, adequate means shall be provided to safeguard the
transformer and its ancillary equipment. The current diverting contacts shall be housed in a
separate oil chamber not communicating with the oil in main tank of the transformer and the
chamber shall be designed to withstand the vacuum. The contacts shall be accessible for
inspection without lowering oil level in the main tank and the contacts shall be replaceable.
 The voltage class, maximum tapping current, step voltage of OLTC shall have adequate design
margin for safe & reliable service life of both OLTC and transformer. OLTC shall have long
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

contact life, quick & easy to disassemble diverter switch inserts, simple to adjust & control and
easy to replace diverter’s contacts etc.
 Necessary safeguards shall be provided to avoid harmful arcing at the current diverting contacts
in the event of operation of the OLTC gear under overload conditions of the transformer.
 The OLTC oil chamber shall have oil filling and drain valve, oil sampling valve, relief vent and
level glass. Oil sampling valve, accessible from ground, shall be provided to take sample of oil
from the OLTC chamber. It shall also be fitted with an oil surge relay which shall be connected
 between OLTC oil chamber and OLTC conservator tank. Provision of a suitable device like tie-
in-resistor must be made, wherever required, to limit the recovery voltage to a safe value. The
use of tie-in-resistor (if used) shall be clearly marked in rating and diagram plate of the
transformer. The whole of the driving mechanism shall be of robust design and capable of giving
satisfactory service without undue maintenance.
 Tap changer shall be so mounted that bell cover of transformer can be lifted without removing
connections between windings and tap changer.
 As an alternative to conventional OLTC with traditional diverter switch immersed in oil (where
arcing takes place in oil), vacuum type OLTC (where arcing takes place in a hermetically sealed
vacuum interrupter) may also be provided. However, provisions as specified above shall be
followed as far as applicable.
Local OLTC Control Cabinet (Drive Mechanism Box)
 OLTC shall be suitable for manual (handle operated) and electrical (motor operated) operation.
For local manual operation from Local OLTC Control cabinet (Drive Mechanism Box), an
external handle shall be provided.
 OLTC’s Local control cabinet shall be mounted on the tank in accessible position. The cranking
device/handle for manual operation for OLTC gear shall be removable and suitable for operation
by a man standing at ground level (preferably at a height less than1800mm). The mechanism
shall be complete with the following
- Mechanical tap position indicator, which shall be clearly visible near the transformer
- A mechanical operation counter of at least five digits shall be fitted
to indicate the number of operations completed and shall have no provision for resetting
- Mechanical stops to prevent over-cranking of the mechanism beyond the extreme tap
positions.
- The manual control, considered as back up to the motor operated
on load tap changer control, shall be interlocked with the motor to block motor start-up
during manual operation.
- The manual operating mechanism shall be labelled to show the direction of operation for
raising the voltage and vice-versa.
- An electrical interlock to cut-off a counter impulse for reverse step change being initiated
during a progressing tap change, until the mechanism comes to rest and resets circuits for a
fresh position.
 For electrical operation from local as well as remote, motor operated mechanism shall be
provided. It shall not be possible to operate the electric drive when the manual operating gear is
in use. It shall not be possible for any two controls to be in operation at the same time.
Transfer of source in the event of failure of operating AC supply shall not affect the tap changer.
Thermal device or other means shall be provided to protect the motor and control circuit.
 The Local OLTC Drive Mechanism Box shall house all necessary devices meant for OLTC
control and indication. It shall be complete with the following
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

- A circuit breaker/contactor with thermal overload devices for controlling the AC Auxiliary
supply to the OLTC motor
- Emergency Push Button to stop OLTC operation
- Cubicle light with door switch
- Anti-condensation metal clad heaters to prevent condensation of moisture
- Padlocking arrangement (or locking arrangement suitable for long term operation) for
hinged door of cabinet
- All contactors relay coils and other parts shall be protected against corrosion, deterioration
due to condensation, fungi etc.
- The cabinet shall be tested at least IP 55 protection class.
 In case auxiliary power supply requirement for OLTC Drive Mechanism (DM) Box is different
than station auxiliary AC supply, then all necessary converters shall be provided.
 Operating mechanism for on load tap changer shall be designed to go through one step of tap
change per command only, until the control switch is returned to the off position between
successive operations/ repeat commands.
 Limit switches shall be provided to prevent overrunning of the mechanism and shall be directly
connected in the control circuit of the operating motor provided that a mechanical de-clutching
mechanism is incorporated. In addition, a mechanical stop shall be provided to prevent over-
running of the mechanism under any condition. An interlock to cut-out electrical control when it
tends to operate the gear beyond either of the extreme tap positions.
 OLTC local control cabinet shall be provided with tap position indication for the transformer.
Drive Mechanism shall be equipped with a fixed resistor network capable of providing discrete
voltage steps or provide 4-20mA transducer outputs for tap position indication in Common
Marshalling Box (CMB) (for single phase unit) and input to digital RTCC/relevant BCU (as
applicable)/SCADA system. The tap position indicator shall also be provided in control room.
 'Local-remote' selector switch shall be provided in the local OLTC control cabinet. In Local mode,
all electrical commands from remote (i.e. from CMB, digital RTCC, SCADA, SAS etc.) shall be
cutoff/ blocked. Electrical operations to change tap positions shall be possible by using
raise/lower push buttons under local mode from Driving Mechanism (DM) Box. In remote mode
electrical commands from CMB/ digital RTCC/SCADA/SAS etc. shall be executed. The remote-
local selector switch shall be having at-least two spare contacts per position.
 The following minimum LED indications shall be provided in DM box:
- INCOMPLETE STEP
- OLTC motor overload protection operated
- Supply to DM Motor fail
- OLTC IN PROGRESS
- Local / Remote Selector switch positions of DM
- OLTC upper/lower limits reached
- 415V Main AC supply ON
- 415V Standby AC supply ON
 The following minimum contacts shall be available in DM Box and these contacts shall be
further wired to digital RTCC panel/relevant BCU (as applicable)
- INCOMPLETE STEP which shall not operate for momentary loss of auxiliary power.
- OLTC motor overload protection
- Supply to DM Motor fail
- OLTC IN PROGRESS
- Local/Remote Selector switch position
- OLTC upper/lower limits reached
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

 All relays, switches, fuses etc. shall be mounted in the OLTC local control cabinet and shall be
clearly marked/ labelled for the purpose of identification. Both ends of all the wires (control &
power) connected to Drive Mechanism Box must be provided with proper ferrule nos. for tracing
and maintenance.
 A permanently legible lubrication chart and control circuit drawing shall be fitted within the OLTC
local control cabinet.
Remote Control & Monitoring of OLTC
 For substations/ pooling stations having Substation Automation System, Control & monitoring of
OLTC shall be carried out through Substation Automation System. Following functionalities
specified for digital RTCC shall be realised in soft logic in Substation Automation System. All
hardwire signals from/to OLTC shall be wired to Bay Control Units (BCUs) provided by the
owner/contractor, as applicable.
 The digital RTCC relay shall have Automatic Tap Changer control and monitoring relay with
Automatic Voltage Regulating features to remotely control and monitor OLTC
 Each digital RTCC relay shall be used to control one unit of transformer. No. of relays including
spare relay, if any, shall be specified by the utility as per requirement.
 All digital relays can be housed in the BCU panel.
 Digital RTCC relay shall be microprocessor based adopting the latest state of the art design &
technology with in-built large LCD (or better) display for ease of programming and viewing. The
unit supplied shall be field programmable so that in the event of change in transformer location,
it could be customized to suit site conditions without sending back to works. The programming
shall be menu driven and easily configurable. If it is designed with draw out type modules, it
should take care of shorting all CT inputs automatically while drawing out. The CT/VT ratio shall
be field programmable, and Relay shall display the actual HV Voltage and current considering
suitable multiplying factors. The system shall be self-sufficient and shall not require any
additional devices like parallel balancing module etc.
 It shall be possible to communicate/integrate with all digital RTCC relays of different make
located at different locations in the substation by making hardwire and using IS/IEC 61850
communication link.
 The digital RTCC relay shall have Raise/Lower push buttons, Manual/ Automatic mode selection
feature, Local/Remote selection feature, Master / Follower/ Independent/ Off mode selection
feature for control of OLTC. Touch screen option in the relay (instead of electrical push
button/switch) is also acceptable.
 The digital RTCC Relay shall have multiple selectable set point voltages and it shall be possible
to select these set points from SCADA/ SAS, with a facility to have the possibility of additional
set points command from SCADA/ SAS.
 In Manual Mode: In this mode, power system voltage based automatic control from digital RTCC
relay shall be blocked and commands shall be executed manually by raise/lower push buttons.
 In Auto Mode: In Auto mode, digital RTCC relay shall automatically control OLTC taps based on
power system voltage and voltage set points. An interlock shall be provided to cut off electrical
control automatically upon recourse being taken to the manual control in emergency.

Master/Follower/Independent/Off mode

 Master/Follower/Independent/Off mode is required in Digital RTCC relay for parallel/group

operation of transformers. Master-follower scheme implies that controlled decision shall be
taken by the Master and control actions (Raise/Lower tap position) shall be executed
simultaneously by Master & Follower units. Same logic needs to be implemented in digital
RTCC relays.
 Master Position: If the digital RTCC relay is in master position, it shall be possible to control the
OLTC units of other parallel operating transformers in the follower mode by operation from the
master unit.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

 Follower Position: If the digital RTCC relay is in Follower position, control of OLTC shall be
possible only from panel where master mode is selected.
 Independent Position: In independent position of selector switch, control of OLTC shall be
possible only from the panel where independent mode is selected. Suitable interlock
arrangement shall be provided to avoid unwanted/inconsistent operation of OLTC of the
transformer.
 Raise/Lower control: The remote OLTC scheme offered shall have provision to raise or lower
taps for the Transformers
 Digital RTCC relays shall communicate with SCADA using IS/IEC 61850 through fibre optic port
to monitor, parameterise and control the OLTC. Any software required for this purpose shall be
supplied. The supplied software shall not have restriction in loading on multiple computers for
downloading and analyzing the data. Software shall indicate the current overview of all
measured parameters of the connected transformer in real time.
 Communication between the Digital RTCC relays to execute the commands for parallel
operation shall be implemented using required communication protocol. Suitable communication
hardware shall be provided to communicate up to distance of 1 km between digital RTCC relays.
Scope shall also include communication cables between digital RTCC relays. Cables as
required for parallel operation of OLTCs of all transformers (including existing transformers
wherever required) from Digital RTCC relays shall be considered included in the scope.
 The Digital RTCC relay shall have additional programmable Binary Inputs (minimum 7 Nos.) and
Binary outputs (minimum 7 Nos.) for future use. It shall be possible to have additional module
for Binary Input / output as well as Analogue input module depending upon requirement
 The relays shall ensure completion of lowering/raising of the OLTC tap once the command is
issued from the relay. "Step-by-Step" operation shall be ensured so that only one tap change
from each tap changing pulse shall be effected. If the command remains in the "operate"
position, lock-out of the mechanism is to be ensured.
 The relay shall incorporate an under voltage / over voltage blocking facility which shall make the
control inoperative if voltage falls/ rises by percentage value of set point value with automatic
restoration of control when nominal voltage rises / falls to value.
 The relay shall have facility to monitor operating hours of tap changer and register the tap
changer statistics. In the statistics mode, the relay shall display the no. of tap changing
operations occurred on each tap.
 The relay shall have self-check of power on and shall continually monitor all functions and the
validity of all input values to make sure the control system is in a healthy condition. Any
monitoring system problem shall initiate the alarm.
 Following minimum indications/alarms shall be provided in Digital
RTCC relay either through relay display panel or through relay LEDs:
- INCOMPLETE STEP alarm
- OLTC motor overload protection alarm
- Supply to DM Motor fail alarm
- OLTC IN PROGRESS alarm
- Local / Remote Selector switch positions in DM Box
- OLTC upper/lower limits reached alarm
- OLTC Tap position indications for transformer units
- 415V, AC Mail Supply Fail.
- 415V, AC Standby Supply Fail

 In case of parallel operation, OLTC out of step alarm shall be generated in the digital RTCC relay
for discrepancy in the tap positions.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

SCADA INTEGRATION (if applicable)

 All the online monitoring equipment i.e. Optical Temperature Sensors & Measuring Unit, Online
Dissolved Gas (Multi-gas) and Moisture Analyzer, On-line insulating oil drying system (Cartridge
type) etc. provided for individual transformer, shall be IS/IEC 61850 compliant
(either directly or through a Gateway). This monitoring equipment are required to be integrated
with SAS through managed Ethernet switch conforming to IS/IEC 61850. This Ethernet switch
shall be provided in IMB. The switch shall be powered by redundant DC supply (as per
available Station DC supply). Ethernet switch shall be suitable for operation at ambient
temperature of 50 Deg C. All required power & control cables including optical cable, patch chord
(if any) up to IMB, all the cables from RTCC to DM and any special cable between IMB to
switchyard panel room/control room shall be in the scope.
 However, fiber optic cable, power cable, control cables, as applicable, between IMB to switchyard
panel room/control room and power supply (AC & DC) to MB and integration of above said
IS/IEC-61850 compliant equipment with Substation Automation System may be a part of sub-
station contract.
 Cooling and OLTC of transformers shall also be monitored and controlled from SCADA. List of
Signal exchange between Transformer and SCADA may be mutually agreed between the owner
and manufacturer. Owner/contractor, as applicable, shall ensure provision of adequate number of
redundant Bay control Units (BCUs).
CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES OF INDIVIDUAL MARSHALLING
BOX/ OUTDOOR CUBICLE/DIGITAL
RTCC PANEL
 Each transformer unit shall be provided with local OCTC/OLTC Drive Mechanism Box (DMB),
Cooler Control Cabinet/Individual Marshalling Box, and Digital RTCC panel (as applicable).
 Individual Marshalling Box (IMB) and Cooler Control Box shall be tank mounted or ground
mounted. All cabinets except CMB & Digital RTCC panel shall be tank mounted. All separately
mounted cabinets and panels shall be free standing floor mounted type and have domed
or sloping roof for outdoor application. The gland plate shall be at least 450 mm above ground
level.
 The Cooler Control Cabinet (CCC)/Individual Marshalling Box (IMB) , and all other outdoor
cubicles (except OLTC Drive Mechanism box) shall be made of stainless steel sheet of minimum
Grade SS 304 and of minimum thickness of 1.6 mm. Digital RTCC panel shall be made of CRCA
sheet of minimum thickness of 2.0 mm and shall be painted
 The degree of protection shall be IP: 55 for outdoor and IP: 43 for indoor in accordance with
IS/IEC: 60947.
 All doors, removable covers and plates shall be gasketed all around with suitably profiled. All
gasketed surfaces shall be smooth straight and reinforced if necessary to minimize distortion to
make a tight seal. For Control cubicle/Marshalling Boxes etc. which are outdoor type, all the
 sealing gaskets shall be of EPDM rubber or any other (approved) material of better quality,
whereas for all indoor control cabinets/Digital RTCC panel, the sealing gaskets shall be of
neoprene rubber or any other (approved) material of better quality. The gaskets shall be tested in
accordance with approved quality plan and IS: 3400
 All the contacts of various protective devices mounted on the transformer and all the secondary
terminals of the bushing CTs shall also be wired up to the terminal board in the Marshalling Box.
All the CT secondary terminals in the Marshalling Box shall have provision for shorting to avoid
CT open circuit while it is not in use.
 Ventilating Louvers, if provided, shall have screen and filters. The screen shall be fine wire mesh
of brass. All the control cabinets shall be provided with suitable lifting arrangement. Thermostat
controlled space heater and cubicle lighting with ON-OFF switch shall be provided in each panel.
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY FOR OLTC, COOLER CONTROL AND

POWER CIRCUIT

 Two auxiliary power supplies of 415 volt, three phase four (4) wire shall be provided by the
Purchaser at Cooler Control Cabinet / Marshalling Box. All loads shall be fed by one of the two
sources through an electrically interlocked automatic transfer scheme housed in the Cooler
Control Cabinet/Marshalling Box.
 For each circuit, suitably rated power contactors, MCBs/MCCBs as required for entire auxiliary
power supply distribution scheme including distribution to DM boxes, Online Gases, and moisture
monitoring system, online drying system, and Fibre optic sensor Box etc. (as applicable), shall be
provided in cooler control cabinet/ Marshalling Box.
 Auxiliary power supply distribution scheme shall be submitted for approval. Supply and laying of
Power, Control, and special cables from marshalling box to all accessories is in the scope of the
manufacturer/contractor (as applicable). Further any special cable (if required) from MB to
Owner’s Control Panels/Digital RTCC panels is also in the scope of the manufacturer/contractor
(as applicable).

 Design features of the transfer scheme shall include the following:

- Provision for the selection of one of the feeders as normal source and other as standby.
- Upon failure of the normal source, the loads shall be automatically transferred after an
adjustable time delay to standby sources.
- Indication to be provided at cooler control cabinet/Individual
- Marshalling Box for failure of normal source and for transfer to
- Standby source and for failure to transfer.
- Automatic re-transfer to normal source without any intentional
- time delay following re-energization of the normal source.
- Both the transfer and the re-transfers shall be dead transfers and
- AC feeders shall not be paralleled at any time.

- BUSHING CURRENT TRANSFORMER AND NEUTRAL CURRENT

TRANSFORMER
- Transformer shall be supply with bushing CT and Neutral CT the details of CT will be
furnished during detailed engineering stage.
-
- TOOLS & TACKLES
- Each transformer shall be supplied with a full kit of tools & spanners of required sizes;
bushing handling & lifting tools with nylon rope/belt, with a rack for holding them; required
numbers of hydraulic jacks for lifting the transformers, and for changing the plane of rotation
of wheels. All spanners shall be single ended, and case hardened. Tirfors with wire rope
and slings with grippers etc. for hauling the transformer to the plinth are to be supplied
along with each transformer. Utility may add/remove tools as per their requirement
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

Fittings & accessories

The following fittings & accessories shall be provided with each transformer covered in this
specification. The fittings listed below are not exhaustive and other fittings which are required for
satisfactory operation of the equipment are deemed to be included.
 Conservator for main tank with aircell, oil filling hole and cap, isolating valves, drain valve,
magnetic oil level gauge, prismatic oil level gauge and dehydrating silica gel filter breather with
flexible connection pipes to be used during replacement of any silica gel breather
 Conservator for OLTC (for transformer) with drain valve, oil surge relay, filling hole with cap,
magnetic oil level gauge, prismatic oil level gauge and dehydrating breather (for transformer
only) with flexible connection pipes to be used during replacement of any silica gel breather
Pressure relief devices
 Sudden pressure relief relay (for 220 kV and above Transformer/Reactors)
 Buchholz relay double float, reed type with isolating valves on both sides, bleeding pipe with pet
cock at the end to collect gases and alarm / trip contacts.
 Conservator air cell rupture relay
 Air release plug
 Bushing of each type with metal parts and gaskets to suit the termination arrangement
 Winding & Oil temperature indicators
 Cover lifting eyes, transformer/reactor lifting lugs, jacking pads, towing holes and core and
winding lifting lugs
 Protected type mercury or alcohol in glass thermometer or magnetic or micro-switch type dial
type temperature indicator as applicable
 Rating and diagram plates (in English & Hindi or as specified by the utility) on transformers and
auxiliary apparatus
 Roller Assembly
 On load tap changing gear, OLTC DM Box, individual marshalling box / Cooler control cabinet,
Common Marshalling Box, Digital RTCC Panel as applicable
 Cooling equipment
 Bushing current transformers, Neutral CT (if applicable)
 Oil flow indicators (if applicable)
 Terminal marking plates
 Valves schedule plate
 Ladder to climb up to the transformer/reactor tank cover with suitable locking arrangement to
prevent climbing during charged condition
 Suitable platform for safe access of flow sensitive non-return valve and Buchholz relay shall be
provided in case these are not accessible from transformer/reactor top.
 Haulage lugs
 Suitable terminal connectors on bushings
 Brass/tinned copper grounding bar supported from the tank by using porcelain insulator and
flexible conductor for earthing of neutral, HV & IV terminals as per specification
 Online insulating oil drying system (in 400 kV and above level Transformers)
 Oil Sampling Bottle & Oil Syringe
 NIFPS
 Bottom oil sampling valve, Drain valves (provided to drain each section of pipe work
independently), Filter valves at top and bottom with threaded male adaptors, Shut off valves on
the pipe connection between radiator bank & the main tank, Shut off valves on both sides of
Buchholz relay, Sampling gas collectors for Buchholz relay at accessible height, Valves for
Radiators, Valve for vacuum application, Valves for cable box (if applicable), Valve for on line
DGA (if applicable), valves for Drying out system (if applicable), Flow sensitive Conservator
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

Isolation Valve (if applicable), Gate Valve (4 Nos. of min. 50 NB) for UHF sensors for PD
Measurements (applicable for 400kV voltage class Transformer only), valves for firefighting
system (as applicable) and other valves as specified in the specification.
3.1.3. Tests and Inspection (minimum requirement)
 In case the bidder/contractor has conducted type test(s) within last ten years, he may submit the
type test reports to the owner for waiver of conductance of such type test(s). These reports
should be for the tests conducted on the equipment similar to those proposed to be supplied
under this contract and test(s) should have been either conducted at an independent laboratory
or should have been witnessed by a client. In case the Bidder is not able to submit report of the
type test(s) conducted within last ten years from the date LOA , or in case the type test report(s)
are not found to be meeting the specification requirements, the Bidder shall conduct all such
tests under this contract at no additional cost to the Employer and submit the reports for
approval
 Short Circuit Test:- In case short circuit test has not been conducted or the test report not
meeting the specification requirement for the offered transformer manufacturer, Bidder /Sub-
vendor shall establish” Ability to withstand the dynamic effects of short circuit ”for the offered
transformer as per latest IEC 60076-5.The ability to withstand the dynamic effects of short circuit
can be established either by performing actual short circuit test or by method of calculation with
reference to short circuit tested reference transformer as per IEC-60076- 5/Annexure-A&B.
 Bidder shall choose any one the two options mentioned below.
Option-1:- Performing actual short circuit test as Type Test. In order to meet project schedule,
Bidder/Sub vendor shall take suitable steps quite in advance to ensure successful conduction of
short circuit test within three months time from date of LOA failing which the offered make of the
transformer shall not be considered.
Option-2: Based on Mutual Agreement between Customer and employer. By theoretical
evaluation of the ability to withstand dynamic effect of short circuit based on ‘Calculation and
Design and Manufacture Consideration’. In this regard the guidelines given in CEA” Standard
Technical Specification of Transformer(s) for Solar Poling Station” is to be followed. The offered
transformer shall be of same application, winding configuration, conductor current density as
that of Reference Transformer. The absorbed power during short circuit shall be as close as
possible to that of reference transformer subjected to approval during detail engineering.
Necessary Design document and reference test reports related to theoretical comparative
evaluation must be submitted by Manufacturer/Bidder as required by Employer in this case.

ROUTINE / TYPE TESTS ON TRANSFORMERS:

S.N. Transformer Type TT
All routine test in accordance with IEC 60076 shall be carried out in all the transformers.
1 √
Measurement of Voltage Ratio & phase displacement
2 (as per IEC 60076-1) √
Measurement of winding resistance on all the taps (HV & LV)
3 (as per IEC 60076-1) √

4 Vector group and Polarity Check (as per IEC 60076-1) √

5 Magnetic Balance and Magnetizing Current Test √
6 Measurement of no load current with 415 V, 50 hz AC supply √
Measurement of no load losses and current at 90%, 100% & 110% of
7 rated voltage (as per IEC 60076-1) √

Load Loss & Short Circuit Impedance Measurement on principal &

8 Extreme Taps √
9 IR measurement (As per IEC 60076-1) √
10 2KV core isolation (between core-clamp, core-tank & clamp-tank) √
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

Measurement of capacitance & tan delta to determine capacitance

11 between winding & earth. √

12 Dielectric tests shall be carried out as per IEC 60076-3 √

Repeat no load current/loss measurement & IR after completion of all
13 dielectric test. √

Oil leakage test on completely assembled transformer along with

14 radiators (as per relevant clause of this sub section) √

15 Jacking test followed by D.P. test √

Marshalling Box/Cable box: It shall not be possible to insert a thin sheet of paper under
16 gaskets and through enclosure joints. √

17 Check of the ratio and polarity of built-in current transformers √

Lightning impulse (Full & Chopped Wave) test on HV & LV winding (as per IEC 60076-
18 3) √

19 Frequency Response Analysis test √

20 LTAC test (as per IEC 60076-3) √
21 Applied voltage test (AV) as per IEC 60076-3 √
22 Induced voltage test with PD measurement (as per IEC 60076-3) √
23 Auxiliary wiring insulation test(AuxW) √
ii) TYPE TEST
S.N. Transformer Type TT

Temperature Rise test at a tap corresponding to maximum losses.

DGA shall be conducted on oil sample taken before & immediately
after temp. Rise test. Gas analysis
1 √
shall be as per IS: 9434 (based on IEC: 60567), results will be
interpreted as per IS: 10593 (based on IEC:60599).
Infrared Thermography shall be conducted during temp rise test
for future reference.
2 Short circuit Test as per IEC 60076-5 (if applicable) √
3 Zero sequence impedance measurement test √
4 Measurement of harmonics of no-load current √
5 Measurement of acoustic noise level as per NEMA TR-1 √
6 Measurement of power taken by Fans √
NOTE:-
i) (√) mark indicates test to be carried out.
ii) Transformer Technical datasheet as per client format is to be submitted by Bidder. Format is be collected
from client during design review/detail engineering.

Tank Vacuum & Pressure Test Report (TYPE TEST)

As per CBIP norms.

Type Test report of OLTC as per relevant IEC

Oil Leakage test on assembled Transformer (ROUTINE TEST)
All tank & oil filled compartment shall be tested for oil tightness by being completely filled with oil of viscosity not greater
than that of specified oil at the ambient temperature & applying pressure equal to the normal pressure plus 35 KN/sq. m
measured at the base of the tank. The pressure shall be maintained for a period of not less than 6 hours during
which time no sweating shall occur. This test shall be repeated as pre commissioning test at site with test duration of 24 hours.

No inhibitors shall be used in the transformer oil. The oil supplied with transformers shall be new and previously unused and
must conform to following while tested at supplier’s premises and shall have following parameters
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

S.N Property Permissible values

1 Kinematic Viscosity, mm^{2} /s ≤12 at 40 Deg C
≤1800 at -30 Deg C
2 Flash Point, ° C ≥140 Deg C
3 Pour point, ° C ≥(-) 40 Deg C
4 Appearance Clear, free from sediment and
suspended matter
5 Density kg/dm^{3} at 20 ° C ≤0.895
6 Interfacial Tension N/m at 25° ≥.04
C
7 Neutralisation value, mgKOH/g ≤0.001
8 Corrosive sulphur Non-Corrosive
9 Water content mg/kg ≤30 in drum supply
≤40 in bulk supply
10 Anti-oxidants additives Not detachable
11 Oxidation Stability ≤1.2 & ≤0.8
-Neutralization value, mgKOH/g
-Sludge, % by mass
12 Breakdown voltage ≥30 & ≥70
As delivered, kV
After treatment, kV
13 Dissipation factor, at 90° C ≤0.005
And 40 Hz to 60 Hz
14 PCA content ≤1 %
15 Impulse withstand Level, kVp ≥145
16 Gassing tendency at 50 Hz ≤5
after 120 min, mm^{3} /min
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

TECHNICAL PARAMETERS

S.N. Description Unit Technical Parameter

1 Rated Capacity MVA 160
2 Voltage Ratio 400/33 kV
3 Single Three Phase Design Two Winding, Three Phase
4 Applicable Standard IEC 60076, IS 2026, CEA guideline
5 Frequency Hz 50
6 Cooling & percentage rating at different ONAN
cooling
8 Service Outdoor
9 Duty Continuous
10 Overload capacity 110 % Continuous loading and IEC
60076-7, IS 2026
11 Vector Group YNyn0 or YNyn11
12 Tap Changer
Type On-load tap changer /OCTC
Tap range and steps -10% to +10% in steps of 1.25% for HV
variation
Location of tap changer On HV neutral end
Tap Control Remote as well as local
13 Temperature rises over 50 Deg C
ambient Temp
i Top oil measured by thermometer Deg C 45
ii Avg winding measured by resistance Deg C 50
iii Winding hot spot rise over yearly Deg C 61
weighted temperature of 32°C
iv Tank hot spot temperature Deg C 110
v Max. Design Ambient temp Deg C 50
14 Impedance at 75°C, at highest MVA
base
HV-LV
Max Voltage Tap % 16.2
Principle Voltage Tap % 15
Minimum Voltage Tap % 14
15 Winding Copper wound
i Lighting Impulse withstand voltage
HV kVp 1300
LV kVp 250
HV Neutral kVp 95
LV Neutral kVp 250
ii Chopped Wave Lightning Impulse
Withstand Voltage
HV kVp 1430
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

LV kVp 275

ii Switching Impulse withstand voltage

HV kVp 1050
iii One min power frequency withstand
voltage
HV kVrms 570
LV kVrms 95
HV Neutral kVrms 38
LV Neutral kVrms 95
16 Neutral grounding Solidly grounded
17 Insulation
HV Graded
LV Uniform
18 Tan delta of winding % ≤0.5
19 Bushing
i Rated voltage
HV kV 420
LV kV 52
HV Neutral kV 36
LV Neutral kV 52
ii Rated Current
HV Amps 1250
LV Amps 4000
HV Neutral Amps 2000
LV Neutral Amps 2000
iii Lightning Impulse withstand Voltage
HV kVp 1425
LV kVp 250
HV Neutral kVp 170
LV Neutral kVp 250
iv Switching Impulse withstand Voltage
HV kVp 1050
v One Minute Power Frequency withstand
Voltage
HV kVrms 695
LV kVrms 105
HV Neutral kVrms 77
LV Neutral kVrms 105
20 Termination details
i HV side Bushing, 420 kV
ii LV Side 4000 Amps 36 kV Bus duct
21 Minimum Creepage distance 31mm/kV
 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR POWER TRANSFORMER

22 Max. PD at Um < 10 pc
Max. PD at UrX1.58 < 100 pc
23 Max noise level at rated voltage & <80dB
principle tap at no load and all cooling
condition
24 Max permissible losses at 75 Deg C and
rated current, rated MVA & Rated voltage,
frequency at all taps, No positive
tolerance allowed.
i No load losses kW 160
ii Load losses+ Auxiliary Losses kW 640