Academy

CUMULUS LINUX INITIAL SETUP Academy

UNIT 2
 Outline Academy

Academy
Unit Outline
 Installing a New Cumulus Linux Image
 Logging into the Switch
 Performing Initial Switch Setup
 Cumulus Linux Licensing
 Academy

Academy INSTALLING A CUMULUS LINUX IMAGE

Cumulus Linux Binary Image Name Academy

 Cumulus Linux image name convention:

Minor release

cumulus-linux-4.1.0-mlx-amd64

Major release Platform CPU type

Maintenance release

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Cumulus Linux Image Academy

 The Cumulus Linux operating system resides on a switch as a disk image.

 A Cumulus Linux switch can have only one image of the operating system installed.
 Installation types:
 Cumulus Linux installation with ONIE
 ONIE provides choice of OS
 Like BIOS+PXE for servers
 Used when moving between major versions or to install a clean image.
 Upgrading Cumulus Linux with ‘apt-get’
 Used for upgrading only the changed packages
 This is the preferred method

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Cumulus Linux Image Installation with ONIE Academy

 Installation steps:

1. Look for installer (“discover”)

 Locally (e.g. USB if available)
 Over the network on eth0 - DHCP, IPv6 neighbor, TFTP
2. Search for filename and execute
 onie-installer

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 Image Installation Example with HTTP Academy

 Installing through a DHCP/Web server is the most common method.

 Required elements:
 Supported bare-metal switch
 DHCP server
 Web server
 Cumulus Linux binary image

Cumulus Linux OS
DHCP SERVER image on web server

1 2
http://172.16.1.1/onie-installer

3
172.16.1.1

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Preparing the DHCP Server Academy

 The DHCP server provides two pieces of information to the switch:

▪ The IP address for the switch
▪ The installer URL on the Web server (DHCP option 114)

Sample ISC DHCP dhcpd.conf

subnet 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 172.16.1.10 172.16.1.200;
option default-url= "http://172.16.1.1/onie-installer";
}

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 Image Installation Steps Academy

 Cumulus Linux image installation steps:

1. The bare metal switch boots up and contacts a DHCP server to obtain an IP
address and the installer’s URL (DHCP option 114)
2. The DHCP server responds with the location of the installation image
(onie-installer)
3. ONIE downloads the Cumulus Linux binary, installs and reboots

Cumulus Linux OS
DHCP SERVER image on web server

1 2
http://172.16.1.1/onie-installer

3
172.16.1.1

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 Academy

Academy LOGGING INTO THE SWITCH

Accessing the Switch Academy

SSH Physical Console

 Uses OpenSSH package  Default serial baud rate is 115200
 Secure access by generating passkey  Used to view system messages

eth0
Management port

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Accessing the Switch via Console Academy

 Use of the serial console is fully supported

 Typically, switches ship from the manufacturer with a matching DB9 serial cable.
Switches with ONIE are always set to a 115200 baud rate

NVIDIA SN2100

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Accessing the Switch via Ethernet Management Academy

 Switches contain at least one dedicated Ethernet management port named eth0 which is
used for out-of-band management
 The management interface uses DHCPv4 for addressing by default
 To determine the IP address of the switch, you can cross reference the MAC address of the
switch with your DHCP server.
 The MAC address should be located on the side of the switch or on the box in which the
unit was shipped
 Users are encouraged to perform switch management and configuration over the
management network

NVIDIA SN2100

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Cumulus Linux User Accounts Academy

Cumulus Linux has two default user accounts: root and cumulus

root cumulus
Native administrative rights Administrative rights through the sudo command
Direct login disabled SSH and console access allowed
[password disabled] Default Password: cumulus

 In Cumulus Linux 4.2.0, the default password for the cumulus user account has changed
from CumulusLinux! to cumulus.
 The first time you log into Cumulus Linux, you are required to change this default password.

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Changing The Default Password Academy

Use DHCP (default) Default password is ‘cumulus’

spine4 login: cumulus

Password:
You are required to change your password immediately (administrator enforced)
Changing password for cumulus.
Current password:
New password:
Retype new password:
.
.
.

cumulus@spine4:mgmt:~$

Type the new password

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Configuring The Management Interface Academy

Use DHCP (default)

cumulus@leaf1:mgmt:~$ net add interface eth0 ip address dhcp
cumulus@leaf1:mgmt:~$ net commit

/etc/network/interfaces
results in:
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
Use static IP address
cumulus@leaf1:mgmt:~$ net add interface eth0 ip address 10.143.33.151/24
cumulus@leaf1:mgmt:~$ net commit

/etc/network/interfaces
results in:
auto eth0
iface eth0
address 10.143.33.151/24
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Cumulus Linux Licensing Academy

 Cumulus Linux is licensed on a per-instance basis:

 Perpetual (non-expiring) license file
 Portable between switches of the same license type
 Keyed by bandwidth (1/10/40/100/200G)
 What does the license do?
 Activates front panel switch ports
 Allows switchd (Hardware Abstraction Layer) to run

 Only eth0 and console ports are activated on an unlicensed instance of Cumulus Linux

 You should receive a license key from NVIDIA Networking or an authorized reseller

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Installing The Cumulus Linux License Academy

Install Cumulus Linux license

cumulus@leaf1:mgmt:~$ sudo cl-license –i [local_file | URL]

Restart switchd service

cumulus@leaf1:mgmt:~$ sudo systemctl restart switchd.service

 Once you install the license, restart the switchd service. All front panel ports
become active and show up as swp1, swp2, etc.

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 Outline Academy

Academy
Unit Summary
 Installing a New Cumulus Linux Image
 Logging into the Switch
 Performing Initial Switch Setup
 Cumulus Linux Licensing