Non-digital and Digital Skills

M O D U L E
and Tools in Delivering

3
Technology-Enhanced
Lessons

Module Outcomes

1. Integrated media and technology in various content areas

2. Described technology tools that are used in group activities

3. Used technology tools to collaborate and share resources among communities of practice

4. Reflected on the use of technology and on its relevance and appropriateness

Introduction

Teaching becomes rewarding when learners get the most from instruction as manifested in
their performance. An important element in engaging learners is when the strategy used in delivering
the lesson uses an instructional material. When properly and appropriately used, it can spice up a
classroom activity.
These instructional materials may come in varied forms. One group refers to the conventional
and non-digital tools. A classroom will always need a chalkboard or a writing board that may come in
varied forms and shapes. Bulletin boards, flip charts, dioramas, puppets, terrarium, and the like, will
always find their significance in any classroom. However, nowadays, lessons can be made more
relevant and engaging for learners as digital tools are integrated. This Module presents both non-
digital and digital tools. Explore the possibilities of learning about these tools and how to effectively
integrate them in instruction.

Development and Use of Non-Digital or

Lesson 1:
Conventional Materials

Lesson Outcomes

1. Described the procedures for developing conventional instructional materials

2. Developed instructional material based on a given topic and strategy
3. Described the factors to consider in revising media selections and delivery systems for given
instruction

Excite
 The teachers need instructional materials to enhance teaching and learning Instructional
materials are defined as print and non-print items that are rested to impact information to students in
the educational process (Effiong & Igini, 2015) Examples of instructional materials are drawings, kits,
textbooks, posters, magazines, flip chart, newspapers, diorama, pictures, recording videos and the
like.
Instructional materials have several roles in teaching and learning which include the following:
(1) they promote meaningful communication and effective learning (2) they ensure better retention,
thus making learning more permanent; (3) they help to overcome the limited classroom by making
the inaccessible accessible; (4) they provide a common experience upon which late learning can be
developed; and (5) they encourage participation especially if students are allowed to manipulate
materials used (Brown et al., 2005; Effiong & Igiri, 2015).

On the web...

Task 1: Viewing the video

Please watch this video from YouTube. This is about the Low-Cost and Low-Tech Resources for the
Classroom

Video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCKQP7zzYjU

After watching the video clip, answer the following questions:

1. How do you develop simple instructional materials as shown in the video?

2. Complete the table that follows on the appropriate instructional materials to be used based on a
specific topic.

Explore

Instructional materials are the supplementary materials, which help the teacher to make
his/her presentation concrete, effective, interesting, meaningful and inspiring. In any teaching and
learning process, instructional materials play a vital role as they provide sensory experiences to the
learners. The primary aim of teaching materials is to provide the teachers the layout of the way for
teaching in the classroom.
It is important to understand how to develop instructional materials. Instructional materials
refer to any preexisting materials that are being incorporated, as well as to those that will be
specifically developed for the objectives (Haigler, 2014). There are also several factors to consider in
developing instructional materials:
1. Develop a story board and working outline based on the subject goals and objectives. 2. Identify
existing institutional resources including materials and teachers" capability.
3. The teacher may research off the shelf materials that have been developed by others to determine
if their approach could be useful.
4. Explore the possibility of adapting concepts of other teachers without infringing on anyone's copy
protected design.
5. Modify existing materials based on the objectives of the lesson.
6. If the instructional materials are effective, you can share them with other teachers.
7. The teacher developer can also sell her/his materials available.

Instructional materials are a great help in stimulating and facilitating the learning of the
learners. According to Wright (1976:1) as cited in Cakir (2006) many media and many styles of visual
presentation are useful to the language learner. All audio-visual materials have positive contributions
to language learning as long as they are used at the right time, in the right place. In the teaching
and learning process, learners use their eyes as well as their ears, but their eyes are basic in
learning.

1. Diorama
It will make the classroom to be creative and
innovative. It is a fun way to build an exciting scene in
a small space. Dioramas are small scenes created of
layers of materials, all depicting a similar concept or
theme. They usually display a historical time period, a
nature scene, or a fictional situation. In developing
diorama, you will: (1) choose a concept or theme, (2)
research the subject, (3) make a rough sketch of your
ideal diorama, (4) make a list of the items you'll need
and gather your supplies, and (5) select a container or
box.

2. Nature Table
This is a table that contains objects and/or scenes related to the
current season, or upcoming festival or a symbol of an ecosystem.
Children love to follow the natural changes that the world offers each
month and classroom decorations reflect these.

3. Writing Board
A writing board can display information written with chalk
(chalkboard or blackboard) or special pens (whiteboard). Although
there are usually more effective methods of transmitting information, the writing board is still the
most commonly used visual aid.

Suggestions on Using the Writing Board:

1. Keep the board clean.

2. Use chalk or pens that contrast with the background of the board so that students can see the
information clearly.
3. Make text and drawings large enough to be seen from the back of the room.
4. Prepare complex drawings in advance (if very complex, an overhead transparency or 35 mm slide
may be preferable).
5. Underline headings and important or unfamiliar words for emphasis.
6. Do not talk while facing the board.
7. Do not block the students' views of the board; stand aside when writing or drawing is completed.
8. Allow sufficient time for students to copy the information from the board.
4. Flip chart
It is a large tablet or pad of paper, usually on a tripod or stand

Suggestions on Using Flipchart:

1. Use wide-tipped pens or markers; markers with narrow tips produce printing that is difficult to
read.
2. Print in block letters that are large enough to be read easily from the back of the room.
3. Use different colored pens to provide contrast; this makes the pages visually attractive and easier
to read.
4. Use headings, boxes, cartoons and borders to improve the appearance of the page.
5. Use bullets (+) to delineate items on the page.
6. Leave plenty of "white space" and avoid putting too much information on one page. (Crowded and
poorly arranged information is distracting and difficult to read).
7. When pages are prepared in advance, use every other page. If every page is used, colors will
show through and make text difficult to read.
8. Have masking tape available to put pages up around the room during brainstorming and problem-
solving activities.
9. To hide a portion of the page, fold up the lower portion of the page and tape it. When ready to
reveal the information, remove the tape and let the page drop.
10. Face the student, not the flipchart while talking.

5. Zigzag board
It is a multi-board series of three or four rectangular boards. They
are joined together along the sides by hinges so that they can be easily
folded up and carried. Each board can be of a different type, for example,
a whiteboard, a chalkboard, a flannel board and so on. The size of the boards for the zigzag multi-
board depends on what you want to use them for.

6. Wall display
Displaying items on a classroom wall is a well-known, tried and
tested educational method. A wall display is a collection of many
different types of items and materials put up on a wall to make an
interesting and informative display. In a classroom, the display can
consist of the students' own work. In development work it can be
used to convey information to the community.

7. Rope and Pole display board

This board consists of two parallel, horizontal poles tied loosely together with
rope. Visual aids such as posters can be pinned to the rope. This kind of
display board is invaluable where there are few solid walls for displaying
information. It has no solid backing and can be made quickly for teaching,
training and when working with communities.

Guidelines when designing conventional instructional materials:

1. Unity-Use only one idea for each visual aid and include a headline.
2. Simplicity-Make ideas and relationships simple and easy to recall. Avoid cluttering a visual with
too many words, numbers, or graphics. The audience should be able to grasp the concept in 10 to 15
seconds.
3. Legibility-Make letters big and readable for all in the audience
4. Consistency-Use the same type style and art style.
5. Clarity- Avoid type that is too small to read; avoid all caps.
6. Quality - Make it neat and professional, and remember to proofread.

Experience

It is necessary to be receptive or open to the possibilities of the use of instructional materials.

Instructional materials are of many kinds: textbooks, audio and video cassettes, handouts, charts,
searching aids of various kinds which can all be used for different purposes by the teacher.
Classroom instructional materials do not mean only the materials available in the market.
There is no substitute for hands-on experience in creating instructional materials. The
following are suggested steps in developing instructional materials (1) find existing materials that
may be adopted or amended to meet your needs, (2) Use tools to create new instructional materials
that help plan and carry out the development process; (3) implement preproduction activities before
materials are created; (4) schedule the crafting of the story board; and (5) when developing content,
provide contextualizing elements (collaboration, role play, case studies).

Lesson 2:
Select and Use ICT Tools for Teaching and Learning
Presented by: Harvy H. Adoyogan BSED 3A-Science

Learning Outcomes:
1. Selected and used an appropriate digital tool in teaching.
2. Provided alternative ways in incorporating the digital tool in a lesson.

What does ICT stand for?

ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. This refers to various tools
and devices or gadgets used in communicating, disseminating, creating, storing and
managing information.

 Learning is working on information and using it to create something that can be useful and
edifying for humanity.
 Education intends to make learners become useful and productive citizens;
 Therefore, teachers can employ ICT tools in their ways of engaging learners by
communicating, disseminating, and managing information.

“Technology Will Never Replace Great Teachers But Technology In The Hands Of Great Teachers Is
Transformational” – George Couras

 We could imply from the quote that it is not necessarily the presence of advanced technology
or the use of ICT tools that can ensure the success in engaging in learners, but it still remains
that the effective use of ICT tools depends on how the teacher will use them.
 In instruction the ICT tools can be used in the presentation of the lesson, demonstrating
a point or presenting a concept.

Why ICT Integration in Education?

Allows Effective Collaboration

 Social Networking
 Forums/Chats
 Wiki
 Web Conferencing
 Instant Messaging

Easy processing of Information

 Accounting Tools
 Data taggers
 Computing Devices ( Pc, Laptop, Smartphone, Wearable Devices, Phablet )
 Statistical Tools
 CPU, MiS, ERP

Effective accessibility to resources

 Search Engines
 Metadata
 Browser
 Database
 Web Indexing

Easy sharing of resources

 Sensor Networks
 Bluetooth
 Infrared
 Internet
 1G/2G/3G/4G

Allows Creativity
 Websites
 Cameras
 Multimedia ( Audio, Test, Animations, Video, Graphic )
 Digital Recorder
 Screen casting

 Looking at the figure, ICT integration in education allows ease of processing of information,
effective accessibility to resources, easy sharing of resources, expression of creativity
and effective collaboration.
 All these are easily done using the gadget you have in your pockets or backpacks.

A. Using Mobile Phone and the QR Code

ICT integration allows ease of processing of information.
Have you seen some of the symbols like the examples below? This is now popularly
used in different products, reading materials, and even in museums.
QR code
• It is a code that was created by a Japanese corporation Denso Wave in 1994.
• Effectively and efficiently connecting the physical world with the electronic world, QR
stands for “Quick Response”.
• It allows the readers to decode the information at a high rate of speed.
• This is popular in Japan and it is also used by companies as they attach their QR code
in their products.
• It usually gives a URL linking you to a website or immediately provides the salient
information about the product.

You can easily read QR codes through a QR code scanner. Here's all you need to do:

1. Have a mobile phone with a camera;

2. Using the mobile phone, download from Playstore or App Store the QR Code Reader/Scanner
application. Choose an appropriate QR code reader for your operating system whether IOS or
Android. Once installed in your
gadget, you can use it to read the codes.

3. Focus your camera on the QR code. Click it and the message will be revealed to you.

HOW TO MAKE A QR CODE ?

1. Be online.
2. Search for a QR Code generator and ensure that you read the information about the
application.

a. This is important to ensure your safety in the internet.

b. There are tons of QR code generators out there, but a few of the most popular include
Kaywa, GOQR.me, Visualead, and QR Stuff. There are many FREE applications online
and therefore you can take this chance to use them.

3. Once you have identified your free online QR Code Generator, you can now encode the text or
the information that you want.
4. Run it and save it as a jpeg file. Now, you have successfully created your own code which you
can download.
5. Test the QR code using your QR Code reader or scanner.

Ten Interesting Ways to Integrate QR Codes in Your Teaching

1.Create Interactive and Engaging Content

You can enrich the content you teach in class by using QR Codes that link to other readings and
resources.

2. Scavenger Hunts

Create an interactive classroom activity such as the Scavenger's Hunt by using QR codes that provide
directions or instructions resulting in better learner engagement.

3. Share Resources

Learners can use QR Codes to share educational resources with each other.

4. Enhance Classroom Library

Create QR Codes of students' brief write-ups about why they enjoy their book and put them right in
or on the books in the class library.

5. Use in classroom activities

It can be used giving instructions in class and pin them up inside the classroom instead of providing
them with thick copies of printed materials giving instructions on how to do an activity.

6. Gather Students Feedback

You can create surveys, polls and forums using google form and share them with students as QR
Codes which can be easily scanned and accessed.

7. Provide Help with Homework

A detailed Code which students scan at home and use the information to help them comply with their
assignment.
8. Research Project

Make students create QR Codes linking other resources and web content to their research work.

9. Communicate with Parents or Partners

You can share information to parents on school events or activities in school.

10. Provide Easy Access to Online Content

Create QR Codes with URLs for students to gain easy access to online resources.

B. Using Laptop and the Infographics

In the teaching and learning context, you may be faced with a challenging topic given a short
amount of time.

You are faced with one major question on how to best interpret it all and put it into one cohesive
information that is quick and clear to read.

How can you capture and deliver that information simply and effectively while making it engaging
and informative as well?

The Infographic:

• An infographic is a visual representation or an image such as a diagram, chart or

picture representing information or data.

• It is eye-catching and makes use of a clear layout, attractive colors and hues, and
caricatures that provide a cohesive presentation of the information.

• One tool that can be used in creating infographics is Canva (http://www.canva. com).
It has several infographics templates for education.

Using infographics:

1.) To present survey data

Presenting statistical data such as from surveys can be overwhelming. Infographics can be highly
useful. Data are much easier to decode. They can be made easier and quicker to understand if they
are presented in an infographic.

2.) To simplify a complex concept

Simplifying a complex idea is the core purpose of using an infographics. This is a very effective
educational tool as a way of summarizing key points or providing an overview of a lesson.

3.) To explain how something functions

Using infographics, you can show the intricacy of how something complex works. It can reveal the
mechanics behind how an object works. Designers can create infographics by showing the mechanics
behind intricate objects, processes, concepts.

4) To compare

Presenting information by highlighting similarities and differences through a visual parallel in an

infographic can turn out more effective than sometimes expressing it in words. It is easier to draw
comparisons with the same information neatly organized.
5) To present interesting facts

When information or facts are presented all in words, the use of infographics can bring life. If done
well, the infographics can transform the information into visual image that can attract and engage
readers.

If there is a written text, the information may not stand out compared to when it is presented in this
format. Information written in snippets becomes understandable and more appealing to the eye.

What Are the 9 Types of Infographics?

1. Statistical infographic templates

If you want to visualize survey results, present data from multiple sources, or backup an argument
with relevant data, then a statistical infographic is the best infographic to do that.
A statistical infographic puts the focus on your data. The layout and visuals will help you tell the story
behind your data.

Your storytelling devices can include charts, icons, images and eye-catching fonts.

For example, this infographic uses an icon to illustrate each statistic: statistical infographic

Another example of a statistical infographic that visualizes data is from this local SEO study report:
statistical infographic example

Related: Infographics: Your Local SEO Strategy for Backlinks [Case Study]

Meanwhile, this statistical infographic template takes a more varied approach. The design combines
pie charts, icons, and a timeline: statistical infographic template

2. Informational infographic templates

An informational infographic template is the best infographic for clearly communicating a new or
specialized concept, or to give an overview of a topic.

Typically, an informational infographic is divided into sections with descriptive headers. Numbering
each section will help your infographic design flow. Plus, we’ve found that people tend to like
infographics with numbers in the title.

This informational infographic template is one of our most popular by far. It keeps the information
brief with five points. Descriptive headers and illustrative icons help communicate each point clearly:
informational infographic template

3. Timeline infographic templates

Timeline infographics are the best type of infographic for visualizing the history of something,
highlighting important dates, or giving an overview of events (for example, a project timeline).

Because humans tend to make sense of time spatially, a visual like a timeline infographic can help
create a clearer picture of a timeframe. Visuals aids like lines, icons, photos, and labels all help to
highlight and explain points in time.
For example, this simple timeline template emphasizes each year using a larger font. Each point in
time is illustrated using a colorful icon: timeline infographic template

4. Process infographic templates

While a timeline infographic will highlight points in time, a process infographic is the best infographic
for providing a summary or overview of the steps in a process.

Process infographics will allow you to simplify and clarify each step. Most process infographics follow
a straightforward top-to-bottom or left-to-right flow. Numbering the steps will make your process
easy to follow.

For example, this process infographic template uses a different color for the headers of each step.
Notice how the colors of numbered icons on the right side of the infographic correspond with the
headers.

Process infographic template

5. Geographic infographic templates

Do you want to visualize location-based data, demographic data or large quantities of data? In those
cases, a geographic infographic is your best bet.

Geographic infographics use map charts as the focus visual. Different types of map charts work
better for different types of data.
For example, this geographic infographic template uses a heat map to show regions hierarchically:
geographic infographic template

6. Comparison infographic templates

A lot of people have trouble picking between multiple options Whether you want to compare options
in an unbiased way, or you want to make one option seem better, a comparison infographic is the
best infographic to do that.

Typically, comparison infographic is split down the middle vertically or horizontally, with one option
on each side.

For example, this comparison infographic template offers an unbiased comparison of two phones.
The phone specs are listed down the middle of the infographic, making it easy to compare both
options: comparison infographic template

7. Hierarchical infographic templates

A hierarchical infographic can organize information from greatest to least. One famous example of
this is the pyramid visualizing Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Humanity’s most important needs are at
the base of the pyramid, ascending to humanity’s least important needs in the smallest segment at
the top.

You can use a similar pyramid chart for a wide variety of hierarchical information. For example, this
hierarchical infographic template depicts the most effective learning methods, with the highest
retention method at the base: hierarchical infographic template

8. List infographic templates

If you want to share a collection of tips, or a list of resources, or a list of examples, then why not
create…a list infographic!

List infographic templates are generally straightforward—the goal is to make them more eye-catching
than a basic list. Visuals like icons can replace bullet points, and creative fonts and colors can make
each item stand out.

Numbering the points in your list will help your information flow. This list infographic template uses
different colored circle icons to help each number pop from the page:
list infographic template

9. Infographic resume templates

With the current job market being so saturated, job seekers need to find creative ways to set
themselves apart. That’s why infographic resumes have gained a lot of popularity in recent years.

Infographic resumes won’t be able to entirely replace a traditional resume in most cases. But they’re
a great visual document to bring to an interview, to publish on your portfolio site, or to include in an
email application.

For example, this infographic resume template has a muted, minimal color scheme. Simple icons and
a sidebar add some subtle embellishments to the design.
Design a resume header that reflects your skills and experience. For example, this infographic
resume template uses a simple mind map with illustrative icons to visualize the job candidate’s
experience.

How will you make your own Infographics?

You need the following:
1. You need to be online.
2. Using the PC, laptop or mobile phone, search for Canva, Vismen or Venngage among others.
3. Create or sign up an account if you still do not have one in order to design your own
infographics.
4. Procedure
 Choose the most suitable template for your use from the library.
 You may use images from their file or upload your own pictures.
 Make a cohesive layout containing correct and essential information.
 You can choose a background and font styles.
 You may change the color of boxes and the text to suit your style and add stunning filters to add
flair.
 Save the image of the infographics.

 Share the infographic you have created.

C. iPad/Tablet and the Online Bulletin Board

Steps on how to make Online Bulletin Board

1. Search for https://padlet.com/

2. Sign up or log-in using any of your social media account.
3. If you want to make your own,
click MAKE A PADLET.
 a. You can choose Start with a Blank or Pick a Template.
b. Start making posts by clicking the + sign.
c. Make your posts as creative as you can by clicking Modify and selecting your choice of
color, font, theme, etc.
d. You can now share your Padlet or online bulletin board to your friends. Click Share and
allow others to have access to it.
4. If you want to join someone's bulletin board, click JOIN A PADLET.
a. Enter in the dialog box the URL of the padlet you want to join.
b. Start posting on your friend's/classmate's padlet by clicking the + sign.

Experience:
Using your gadget, connect to the web and explore on the following educational application tools.
1. Quiz maker- https://testmoz.com
2. Poll Maker- https://www.propofs.com
3. Storytelling Online- http://storytelineonline.net/
4. Rubrics Library – https://school.discoveryeducation.com/schoolguide/assests.html
5. Online Journal - https://penzu.com/
6. Mind Map Tool - https://www.edrawsoft.com/freemind.php
7. Interactive Poster – https://www.glogster.com/
8. Graphic Organizers – https:// www.educationoasis.com/printables/graphic-organizers/
Making a Podcast – https://www.buzzsprout.com/how-to-make-a-podcast
10. Cartoon – http://www.toondooo.com

LESSON 3:
Creating ePortfolio as a Technology Tool

Reporter: Marie Del H. Fequillo BSED 3A-MATH

Lesson Outcomes:

1. Explored the use of a platform such as a google site

2. Constructed an e-portfolio to document learning

INTRODUCTION

In 21st century instruction where independent learning is encouraged, the

documentation of a personal learning journey is a must. Such documentation can
help the teacher monitor the process and assess the product of learning. Doing this
requires proper organization through a portfolio.

Portfolios

- are one good means of keeping things in order.

- a learning portfolio is a collection of student work that exhibits students‘ effort,
progress, achievements and competencies gained during the course.

ePortfolio or Digital Portfolio

- this can be used as a digital archive that can contain the same materials as a physical
portfolio but can have more such as multimedia productions, relevant online links or references,
digital stories or video blogs, power point presentations, photographs and other ICT materials.
 - can be private or can be published and shared publicly to stakeholders like parents
and friends.

1. Student ePortfolios’ can evaluate students' academic progress.

2. Monitoring students' progress can be highlighted in a portfolio.

3. Portfolios document students' learning growth.

Creating an Online Portfolio Using a Site

Steps in constructing an ePortfolio

1. Enter your Gmail account and look for Sites. If it is the first time that you have done this, you need
to read the directions.
2. You scroll down and read further until you see the icon for Sites.
3. When you click it, it will lead you to another section. This will let you create a site that you can use
as an ePortfolio.
4. Consider a good label or a title for your ePortfolio and prepare the texts, links, multimedia outputs,
images or jpeg files that you want to upload in the pages of the ePortfolio.

Parts of an ePortfolio

Just like a book, the ePortfolio has pages or sections. The organization can follow a chronological
order based on the activities that you go through or you can have a thematic arrangement. Whatever
you choose, it will be a display of your organizational skills.

Home Page

The first section is the Home or your cover page. This is the first thing that your readers will see. So,
you need to introduce yourself and the objectives of your ePortfolio. Usually, there are templates
available and each provides sections. You can add personal touches such as images or a change of
color themes.

Pages
The pages that you can add depend on how you would like to organize your ePortfolio. What is
important is that you need to construct your ePortfolio at the start of the class. In that way, you can
have a fresh start as you try to be conscious in documenting the activities and learning that goes
with each session.

Reflections
A major element in a portfolio whether it is online or not, is the writing of the reflection. It is
thinking-aloud, a way of documenting what they are thinking. How students are processing the input
and the application of what they have learned into an activity or a project needs to be captured.

Sometimes it is difficult to write a reflection and a structure can be helpful. There are many models
that can be used as a guide in writing reflections. One is the Gibb's reflective cycle model (1988).

Gibb's Reflective Cycle has Six Stages

Description. This initial phase in writing a reflection is very simple since you just need to describe
the activity or the experience to the reader. You can write a little about the background on what you
are reflecting about by including relevant and to-the-point details.

Feelings. Learners are involved in learning and an activity or perhaps a lesson can trigger certain
feelings. So, at this point, you can consider and think about how you feel at that time when you were
doing the activity or having the experience. You need to discuss your emotions honestly about the
experience but not to forget that this is part of an academic discourse.

Evaluation. When evaluating, discuss how well you think the activity went. Recall how you reacted
to the task or situation and how others reacted. Was the experience a pleasant one or otherwise?
This is also a possible part where you can perhaps incorporate related readings of other author's
principles or theories.

Analysis. This part of the write up includes your analysis of what worked well and what have
facilitated it or what may have hindered it. You can also discuss related literature that may have
brought about your experience.
Conclusion. Now, you can write what you have learned from the experience or what you could have
done. If your experience is a good one, you can probably discuss how it can be ensured or how you
will further enhance a positive outcome. On the other hand, if the experience is frustrating eliciting
other negative feelings, perhaps you can discuss how those can be avoided in happening as this
leads to the next step.

Action Plan. At the end of your reflection, you write what action you need to take so that you will
improve the next time such as consult an expert for some advice or read a book that will provide
answers to your queries. You make plans on how you can address what went wrong so that you can
take the right step to succeed in achieving the task. If you did well and feel good about it, then you
can plan out how you can further enhance a good work.

When showing examples of your work, you can upload word file, excel data,
pictures, jpeg or pdf files, power point presentations among others but, a brief description explains
the reason why the file in uploaded has to be written. This will guide the readers as you also reflect
on how relevant or significant the material is to you.
What is great about writing a reflection is it allows you to embrace your own
learning and start taking accountability of it. After all, you owe it to yourself and no matter what the
teacher does inside the classroom, as a learner you can make the decision whether you want to learn
or not. With an ePortfolio, you try to capture your personal journey of learning.

Administrating the ePortfolio

Before publishing your ePortfolio for the world to see your work, you can control
who can see your work. The icon for sharing the site can be managed by entering the email address
of the person with whom you want to share it.

Assessing an ePortfolio using a Rubric

Evaluating an e-Portfolio using a rubric, is a consistent application of learning

expectations, learning outcomes or standards. It should tell the students the link between learning or
what will be taught and the assessment or what will be evaluated. Rubrics are simple and easy to
understand. The items in the rubric should be mutually exclusive.
 Students can see connections between learning (what will be taught) and
assessment (what will be evaluated) by making the feedback they receive from teachers clearer,
more detailed, and more useful in terms of identifying and communicating what students have
learned or what they may still need to learn.