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Experiment No 8

This experiment aims to study the diode clamping action. A clamping circuit introduces a DC level to an AC signal, placing either the positive or negative peak at a desired voltage level. There are two types of clamping: positive clamping raises negative peaks to ground, while negative clamping raises positive peaks to ground. The document discusses unbiased and biased positive and negative clamping circuits. It explains how diodes and capacitors in the circuits allow clamping the signal to a reference voltage. Common applications of clampers include use in television circuits, test equipment, radar systems, and protection of amplifiers from large signals.

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Mohsin Tariq
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57 views

Experiment No 8

This experiment aims to study the diode clamping action. A clamping circuit introduces a DC level to an AC signal, placing either the positive or negative peak at a desired voltage level. There are two types of clamping: positive clamping raises negative peaks to ground, while negative clamping raises positive peaks to ground. The document discusses unbiased and biased positive and negative clamping circuits. It explains how diodes and capacitors in the circuits allow clamping the signal to a reference voltage. Common applications of clampers include use in television circuits, test equipment, radar systems, and protection of amplifiers from large signals.

Uploaded by

Mohsin Tariq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ExperimentNo.

To study the diode clamping action.

Apparatus
1. CRO (cathode ray oscilloscope).
2. Function generator.
3. Connecting wires.
4. Diodes.
5. Resistances.

Theory

Clamping circuit
A clamping circuit is used to place either the positive or negative peak of a signal at a desired
level. The dc component is simply added or subtracted to from the input signal. The clamper is
also referred to as an IC restorer and ac signal level shifter.

A circuit that places either the positive or negative peak of a signal at a desired D.C level is
known as a clamping circuit. A clamping circuit introduces (or restores) a D.C level to an A.C
signal. Thus a clamping circuit is also known as D.C restorer, or D.C reinserted or a baseline
stabilizer. The following are two general types of clamping.
Types:

1. Positive clamping
Occurs when negative peaks raised or clamped to ground or on the zero level In
other words, it pushes the signal upwards so that negative peaks fall on the zero level.

2. Negative clamping
Occurs when positive peaks raised or clamped to ground or on the zero level In
other words, it pushes the signal downwards so that the positive peaks fall on the zero level.

Types:

1. Positive Clamping.
2.Negativeclamping.

Positive UnBiased Clampers


The circuit of a positive clamper It consists of a diode and a capacitor the clamper output is taken
across the load resistance R.

During the negative half cycle of the input voltage, the diode conducts heavily and behaves as a
closed switch At the negative peak, the capacitor is charged to maximum voltage V slightly
beyond the negative peak, the diode is shunt off and the capacitor charged to Vm behaves as a
battery during the positive half cycle of the input signal. The diode is reversed biased and the
output voltage will be equal to Vm + V this gives positive clamped voltage and is called positive
clamper circuit.
Negative Unbiased Clampers
Below shows the circuit of a negative clamper during the positive half cycle of the input signal,
the capacitor is charged to Vm, with the polarity shown in the circuit. Observe that voltage
across the capacitor is opposing the input voltage V. This gives negative clamped voltage and is
called negative clamper circuit.

Biased Clampers

Positive Biased Clampers


Biased clamper circuit operates in exactly the same manner as unbiased clampers. The different
is only that a dc bias voltage is add in series with the diode and resistor. A biased clamper means
that the clamping can be done at any voltage level other than zero.
Negative biased clamper
shows the circuit of negative clamper with positive bias. With no input signal the capacitor
charges to the battery voltage and the output is positive because the negative side of the batter is
grounded. The output waveform is clamped to +10V, the value of the battery.

Since this is a negative clamper (cathode to ground), the top of the output wave touch the +10V
reference line.
Applications of Clampers:
 The complex transmitter and receiver circuitry of television clamper is used as a base line

stabilizer to define sections of the luminance signals to preset levels.

 Clampers are also called as direct current restorers as they clamp the wave forms to a

fixed DC potential.

 These are frequently used in test equipment, sonar and radar systems.

 For the protection of the amplifiers from large errant signals clampers are used.

 Clampers can be used for removing the distortions

 For improving the overdrive recovery time clampers are used.

 Clampers can be used as voltage doublers or voltage multipliers

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