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Automatic smart vacuum cleaner for proper waste collection

A Research Proposal Presented To the Senior High School Department

University of Cebu Lapu-lapu and Mandaue

Researchers

Dumandan, Jeff Brian

Dapat, Lance Robwell

Madrona, Jade Kyle

Pepito, Clarence David

Ms. Stella Marie Neri

Research Adviser

2022-2023
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Throughout the writing of this research we have received a great deal

of support and assistance.

First and foremost, praises and thanks to the God, the Almighty, for

His showers of blessings throughout this research work to complete the

research successfully. It is him who gave us light and strength to finish this

research especially on exhausting and hopeless moments.

We would also like to thank our understanding teacher, Ms. Stella Marie

Neri, whose very patient on discussing and answering our questions. Her

insightful feedback helped us to sharpen our thinking and make our work

presentable.

In addition, I would like to thank our family for their wise counsel and

sympathetic ear. It is them are the reason why we are surviving in school.

Finally, we could not have completed this dissertation without the support of

our friends, who provided stimulating discussions as well as happy

distractions to rest my mind outside of my research

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Title Page…………………………………………………………………….i

Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………..ii

Table of Contents……………………………………………………….iv

CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study………………………………………………………1

Theoretical Background of the Study………………………………………..3

Review of Related Literature and Studies………………………………….5

THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………..7

Significance of the Study ………………………………………………….9

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design……………………………………………………………10

Equipment and materils…………………………………………………35

Research Environment……………………………………………………..11

Tools and Equipment……………………………………………..12

Cost and Expenses………………………………………………………...12

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Product Design…………………………………………………13

Experimental Design…………………………………………………15
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Chapter I

The Problem and Its Scope

INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

RATIONALE

The issue of waste management has been discussed in numerous

studies, conferences, strategic meetings, and discussions because it is a

significant environmental issue. Tanaka (1998) asserts that the goal of waste

management is to protect the quality of the living environment and enhance

public health through appropriate waste sorting, storage, collection,

transport, recycling, and other waste management practices as well as the

preservation of a clean living environment. Therefore, it is anticipated that

waste management methods will make a substantial contribution to the

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preservation of the living environment and the upkeep of a high level of

public hygiene

Unbeknownst to many, vacuum cleaners such as “zero carbon” or a

vacuum cleaner that is hundred percent eco friendly are not available in the

market in this time and age. Many features that can change a vacuum

cleaner’s effect on nature without jeopardising its features are being made in

today’s world but as these inventions arise, queries emerge concerning

electricity consumptions and health benefits that is now a standard for people

to consider. Numerous studies that concerns the health benefits and eco

friendlyness of vacuums increase as the long term impacts of using a regular

vacuum cleaner manifests in todays time. Issues such as old school vacuum

bags,filters, lithium – ion batteries, and old vacuums end up in landfill each

year that can add to the world’s pollution. Vacuum cleaners releases a huge

amount of concentration of particles that can both disperse in the air and

contribute in the resuspension of already settled dust in the creaks of an

establishment.

Automatic vacuum cleaning robots are fairly simple devices that are

simple for everyone to use. The machine's compactness and portability make

it simple to move from one location to another. The floor cleaner is a

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straightforward, contemporary household item that even kids can use safely

and easily. It is crucial for all homes, hospitals, and other establishments.

Robots are used in numerous human assistance applications. The traditional

vacuum cleaner system is made up of sizable mechanical and electrical

components that are more expensive and result in greater losses. The

autonomous cleaning robot doesn't require any human supervision and is

made out of low-power electronic and mechanical components, allowing it

to function even when there is a power outage. The operational costs, initial

investment, and time required by this planned DzAutomatic and manual

vacuum cleaning robot will all be decreased. This power is in the form of

electricity, which will come from a battery. A fundamental electrical circuit

is very important in this.

Theoretical Background of the Study

The development of technology, a human-friendly cleaning robot to make

life easier and more pleasant for people was created. The Fundamentals of

Vacuum Theory reviews and explains the first principles of vacuum

technology and elucidates it by using actual real world illustrations. This

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theory mentions that most vacuums can be categorized in terms of loz,

medium, high, and ultra high and these scopes are convenient in describing

pressures, flow, pump selection, and operation in requirements at different

vacuum levels.

One theory that is true is the Social Construction of Technology. Supporters

of this viewpoint include Trevor Pinch and Wiebe Bijker.in 1987, they made

the proposal. According to this theory, human action, not the other way

around, is what propels the advancement and development of

technologies.technology that affects how people behave. Furthermore, it

asserts that interpretation. By applying technology to people, as Yousefikhah

(2017) and others have noted,

Social Construction of Technology assists in explaining on Proper waste

colllection. With the use of technology, it has become possible for every

person to eliminate waste from the environmen t.People intentionally

behave to work to gain access to the needs and wants of themselves and their

community. Several of them work outside their homes and refrain manage to

throw their trashes properly. Accordingly, they rely on the street sweepers to

take their trashes. However, not all the place has street sweepers. Through
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these behaviors, technology helps to reduce the human interaction in the

cleaning process which can be a time taking process.

forces in this virtual creative community on users' engagement. With these

engagement, sharing and socialization, it helps the users achieve those five

needs and gratification mentioned above which is essential in one's

personality development.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This section of the paper contains studies and articles that contribute

significantly to the relativity of the phenomenon under discussion. This

chapter's studies and works will contribute to a better understanding of the

subject by presenting existing knowledge and information.

The article titled, The article Development of a Vacuum Cleaner

Robot by T. B. Asafa & H. O. Alade (2018) talks about a compact and a

much efficient vacuum cleaner is much needed in the world today. It is

controlled by an Arduino mega microcontroller making it compact with a

retractable dustbin on top to keep the dirt with a cooling fan mounted to
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prevent overheating. With all these features, it can make cleaning a pleasant

and easy task

The article titled, The efficacy of vacuum-ultraviolet light

disinfection of some common environmental pathogens by Wai Szeto, W. C.

Yam, Haibao Huang & Dennis Y. C. Leung (2020) aims to elucidate the As

The article titled, Design and Fabrication of a novel concept-based

autonomous controlled solar powered four-wheeled fFloor Cleaning Robot

for wet and dry surfaces by Vikas Singh Panwar, Md Ehteshan Hasan, and

Dr. Anish Pandey (2022) mentioned that in a world full of tedious, boring,

and repetitive tasks an intelligent robot is required to be more productive

and efficient throughout the day. These researchers constructed a smart robot

that is versatile in cleaning both dry and wet places that needs to be cleaned.

They aim to test and demonstrate its effectiveness and efficiency in the

actual and real

The article titled, Robotic vacuum cleaners save energy. Raising

cleanliness conventions and energy demand in Australian households with

smart home technologies by Larissa Nicholls and Yolande Strengers (2019)

tackles about smart homes and vacuums being energy efficient.

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The article titled, Vacuum by L.G Hultman (2022) involves a

controlled environment that is at one atmosphere or below. The study aims

to innovate the development of pump, measurement, dynamics, surface

interaction, and many more.

The articles and the studies discussed above offer a variety of

perspectives and ideas regarding smart vacuum cleaners, which are primarily

used for trash collection. The findings and conclusions from each related

study and literature have contributed to better understanding the concept of

proper collection of trash using a vacuum cleaner and how individuals

experience them in different contexts. This study aims to fill in the local gap

and contribute to the body of literature by providing more references that

may be utilized in the future.

THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

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The main objective of this study is to assess the automatic smart

vacuum cleaner in the trash collection. In this study, the automatic smart

vacuum cleaner is defined as an automatic trash collector.Three research

questions were relevant to this study. The research questions that guided the

investigation of this study were as follows:

1. What will be the effect of using robotic cleaners on the

environment?

2. What are the characteristics of autonomous machines that

would make them suitable for my needs?

3. What is the capacity of trash that the Automatic vacuum cleaner can

collect?

Statement of the Null Hypothesis

If the automatic smart vacumm cleaner can’t collect all types of

waste, then the automatic smart vacuum cleaner is ineffective in collecting

trashes.
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Significance of the Study

The findings of the study may be of help in how smart vacuum can

be improved and made easier given the challenges and other factors

affecting trash collection. This will be beneficial to the following entities:

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. The study will benefit the

Senior High School Students since they are the subject of this research and

will lead them also to advise if there's a negative implication.

To Environmentalists. The results is useful due to the fact that it is

useful in their battle against Reduced conversion of forest lands to

agriculture due to climate change

To Citizens. The study will benefit the citizens because this will help

the environment clean and a clean environment has a beneficial effect on

your behavior and offers you motivation to keep it that way.

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To the future researchers. the results will be an instrument that will

guide and give them an idea what to create, as well as to give them

knowledge about what this study lacks if they decide to pursue it

further.Scope and Delimitation

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researchers will explain why they chose particular

methods. This section will also discuss how, why and what did the

researchers do this study. As explained below namely the research design,

research participants, research environment, and research procedure will

convince and prove to the readers the credibility, validity, and reliability of

this study.

Research Design

A research design is a plan of actions or a set of instructions to follow

in order to obtain the most insightful responses to a research question or to

accomplish the study's goals with the least degree of unpredictability.

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. This quantitative study will use an experimental research design to

evaluate the automatic smart vacuum cleaner in the collection of trashes.

This research design will test the product's ability to collect and identify

what type of trash it is . As a result, the acceptance or rejection of the study's

hypothesis will be determined by the data and results gathered

Research Environment

The study will be conducted at the locality of Lapu-Lapu City in the

Barangay of Bankal. According to Lenis (2019) Lapu-lapu city is

experiencing trash collection problems making it easier for us to test and

determine the effectiveness of the product we will be creating, whose

primary function is to collect trash.

Equipment and Materials

• Components

o Arduino UNO

oGear motor with wheel

o Ultra sonic sensor

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o12v AC to DC Power supply

o Arduino motor shield

o Servo motor

O 6v motor

o Lithium-ion battery cell

o Wires

o Plastic bottle

Tools/Equipment

o Scissors, Favicool, Glue sticks, Glue gun , Pliers, Cutter, Solderin, Super
glue, plastic lid

Costing and Expenses

COMPONENT QUANTITY PRICE

Arduino UNO 1 ₱485

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Gear motor with 4 ₱276

wheel

Ultra sonic 2 ₱180

sensor

12v AC to DC 1 ₱500
Power supply

Arduino motor 1 ₱175

shield

Servo motor 1 ₱100

Lithium-ion 2 ₱500
battery cell

6v motor 2 ₱300

Wires 4 ₱90

TOTAL: ₱2596

Product Design: External Design

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Internal Design
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Procedure in Creating the Product

I. Attach the gear motor to the wheels

II. Attach the wheels to the plastic lid

III. Use the cutter and slice the bottom of the Plastic bottle

IV. Attach the motor to the bottom of the plastic bottle

V. Code the Arduino uno

VI. Connect the ultra sonic sensor and the servo motor to the Arduino Uno

VII. Put the Arduino uno to then plastic lid and turn it on

Experimental Design

The researchers will determine the functionality and effectiveness of the

automatic Smart vacuum cleaner by utilizing the experimental design and

by conducting the following steps:

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1. The researchers will build the Automatic smart vacuum cleaner for

proper waste collection errors occur.

2. The vacuum will be tested in different types of trash in order to determine

the effectiveness of the sensors installed.

3. The researchers will try to measure the maximum kilo capacity that can

the vacuum can collect by having a weight test.

4. The researchers will have a durability test of the product since durability

is a big factor of it.

5. All of the data and findings will be recorded in order to improve the

product in the next versions of it