AP Statistics: One-Variable Data Analysis

Multiple-Choice Practice Questions

1. The following list is ordered from smallest to largest: 25, 26, 26, 30, y, y, y, 33,
150. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
I. The mean is greater than the median
II. The mode is 26
III. There are no outliers in the data
a. I only
b. I and II only
c. III only
d. I and III only
e. II and III only
2. Megan wonders how the size of her beagle Herbie compares with other
beagles. Herbie is 40.6 cm tall. Megan learned on the internet that beagles
heights are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 38.5 cm and a
standard deviation of 1.25 cm. What is the percentile rank of Herbie’s height?
a. 59
b. 65
c. 74
d. 92
e. 95
3. The mean and standard deviation of a normally distributed dataset are 19 and
4, respectively. 19 is subtracted from every term in the dataset and then the
result is divided by 4. Which of the following best describes the resulting
distribution?
a. It has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.
b. It has a mean of 0, a standard deviation of 4, and its shape is normal.
c. It has a mean of 1 and a standard deviation of 0.
d. It has a mean of 0, a standard deviation of 1, and its shape is normal.
e. It has a mean of 0, a standard deviation of 4, and its shape is unknown.
4. The five-number summary for a one-variable dataset is {5, 18, 20, 40, 75}. If
you wanted to construct a box-and-whiskers plot for the dataset, what would
be the maximum possible length of the right side “whisker”?
a. 35
b. 33
c. 5
d. 55

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 e. 53
5. A set of 5000 scores on a college readiness exam are known to be
approximately normally distributed with mean 72 and standard deviation 6. To
the nearest integer value, how many scores are there between 63 and 75?
a. 0.6247
b. 4,115
c. 3,650
d. 3,123
e. 3,227
6. For the data described in #5 above, which score is closest to the 63rd
percentile?
a. 45
b. 63
c. 72
d. 74
e. 81
7. The following histogram shows the number of students who visited the Career
Center each week during the school year.

The shape of this graph could best be described as

a. Mound-shaped and symmetric
b. Bimodal
c. Skewed to the left
d. Uniform
e. Skewed to the right
8. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
I. The median is resistant to extreme values.
II. The mean is resistant to extreme values.
III. The standard deviation is resistant to extreme values.

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 a. I only
b. II only
c. III only
d. II and III only
e. I and III only
9. One of the values in a normal distribution is 43 and its z-score is 1.65. If the
mean of the distribution is 40, what is the standard deviation of the
distribution?
a. 3
b. –1.82
c. 0.55
d. 1.82
e. –0.55
10. Free-response questions on the AP Statistics Exam are graded 4, 3, 2, 1, or 0.
Question #2 on the exam was of moderate difficulty. The average score on
question #2 was 2.05 with a standard deviation of 1. To the nearest tenth, what
score was achieved by a student who was at the 90th percentile of all students
on the test? You may assume that the scores on the question were
approximately normally distributed.
a. 3.5
b. 3.3
c. 2.9
d. 3.7
e. 3.1

Answers

1. The correct answer is (a). I is correct since the mean is pulled in the direction
of the large maximum value, 150 (well, large compared to the rest of the
numbers in the set). II is not correct because the mode is y—there are
three ys and only two 26s. III is not correct because 150 is an outlier (you
can’t actually compute the upper boundary for an outlier since the third
quartile is y, but even if you use a larger value, 33, in place of y, 150 is still an
outlier).
2. The correct answer is (e).

→ percentile = 0.9726 (see drawing

below):

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3. The correct answer is (d). The effect on the mean of a dataset of subtracting
the same value is to reduce the old mean by that amount (that is, μx-k = μx–k).
Because the original mean was 19, and 19 has been subtracted from every
term, the new mean is 0. The effect on the standard deviation of a dataset of
dividing each term by the same value is to divide the standard deviation by
that value, that is,

Because the old standard deviation was 4, dividing every term by 4 yields a
new standard deviation of 1. Note that the process of subtracting the mean
from each term and dividing by the standard deviation creates a set
of z-scores

so that any complete set of z-scores has a mean of 0 and a standard

deviation of 1. The shape is normal since any linear transformation of a
normal distribution will still be normal.
4. The correct answer is (b). The maximum length of a “whisker” in a
box-and-whiskers plot is 1.5(IQR) = 1.5(40 – 18) = 33.
5. The correct (best) answer is (d). Using Table A, the area under a normal
curve between 63 and 75 is 0.6247 (z63 = –1.5 A1 = 0.0668, z75 =
0.5 A2 = 0.6915 A2 – A1 = 0.6247). Then (0.6247)(5,000) = 3123.5.
Using the TI-83/84, normalcdf(63,75,72,6) × 5000 = 3123.3.
6. The correct answer is (b). Using Table A, a percentile of 63 corresponds to
an area 0.63. This gives z = 0.34. Solving 0.34 = (x – 72)/6 yields 74.04.
Using the TI-83/84, invNorm(.63,72,6) = 73.99.

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7. The correct answer is (e). The graph is clearly not symmetric, bimodal, or
uniform. It is skewed to the right since that’s the direction of the “tail” of the
graph.
8. The correct answer is (a). The median is resistant to extreme values, and the
mean is not (that is, extreme values will exert a strong influence on the
numerical value of the mean but not on the median). II and III involve
statistics equal to or dependent upon the mean, so neither of them is
resistant.
9. The correct answer is

(d). .
10. The correct answer is (b). A score at the 90th percentile has a z-score of
1.28.

Thus, .

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