COMPUTER HARDWARE

Semester-1
Unit-1
PPT-3
B.Voc Hardware and Networking
 Peripheral devices
Monitor
⚫ Produce output on the screen.
⚫ Immediately displays the text and graphics as
you create them and reflects changes as you
perform.
Types of monitors:
CRT(cathode ray tube): cathode ray tubes are
glass vacuum tubes into which an electron gun
emits electrons guided by electrical fields
towards screen covered with phosphorescent
element.
⚫ Image on screen is made up of pixels.
⚫ Heavier than other types monitors.
⚫ Standard size: 15-21 inches or more.
Advantage of CRT:
⚫ CRTs run at the highest pixel resolutions.
⚫ CRTs are less expensive than comparable
displays using other display technologies.
⚫ Produce a very dark black and the highest
contrast levels normally available.
⚫ Best for rapidly moving or changing
images.
⚫ They operate at any resolution, geometry
and aspect ratio without the need for
rescaling the image.
Disadvantage of CRT:
⚫ affected by magnetic fields from other
equipment including other CRTs.
⚫ Relatively bright but not as bright as
LCDs.
⚫ They are large, heavy, and bulky. They
consume a lot of electricity and produce a
lot of heat.
⚫ produces images with softer edges that
are not as sharp
LCD monitors:
⚫ Liquid crystal display
⚫ Produce image by aligning molecular
crystals
⚫ Crystals are packed in 2 screens: Front
screen is transparent and back screen is
reflective. Back screen reflects the light
towards the front screen, which produces
image on the front layer.
⚫ Takes less desk space, lighter in weight
and consume less electricity.
⚫ Standard size: 15-21 inches or more.
Advantage of LCD:
⚫ It is very compact, thin, and light.
⚫ It does not affect by the magnetic fields.
⚫ Due to low power consumption, small heat
emitted during operation.
⚫ The LCD can be made in large sizes.

Disadvantage:
⚫ In high temperature environments there is
loss of contrast.
⚫ It is relatively bright but not suitable for very
brightly environments.
⚫ From the viewing angle, the color and
contrast not consistent.
TFT monitor:
⚫ Thin film transistor
⚫ It is a variant of a LCD that uses TFT
technology to improve image qualities
such as contrast.
⚫ More sensitive than LCD monitors.
⚫ Better resolution than LCD
⚫ Tiny transistors for each pixel on display.
The charge needed to control it is also
small. So can be refreshed several times
to ensure clear visual clarity.
LED monitor:
⚫ Screen is composed of LED (light emitting
diodes).
⚫ LED monitors are said to use much lesser
power than CRT and LCD and are
considered far more environmentally
friendly.
⚫ LED monitors produce image with higher
contrast, are more durable than CRT and
LCD, don’t produce more heat but they
can be expensive than other types of
monitors.
Advantage of LED:
⚫ It is very cheap, reliable and efficient.
⚫ Very simple electronic circuits.
⚫ Long life

Disadvantage:
⚫ Low quality LEDs may cause pollution to
environment.
⚫ May result in more e-wastes.
Plasma Monitor:
⚫ A plasma display is a computer display in
which each pixel on the screen is
illuminated by a tiny bit of plasma or
charged gas, somewhat like a tiny neon
light.
⚫ Plasma displays are thinner than
CRT displays and brighter than LCD.
⚫ They have lost nearly all market share
due to competition from low-cost LCDs.
Advantage of plasma:
⚫ Larger screen size availability.
⚫ Better contrast ratio.
⚫ Better color accuracy.
⚫ Better motion tracking (little or no motion lag
in fast moving images).

Disadvantage:
⚫ They may have increased chance of
screen burn-in.
⚫ loss of brightness over time.
⚫ higher cost of use (higher electricity use).
⚫ heavier.
⚫ They usually have a lifespan of ten years.
Printer:
⚫ To produce hard copy on the paper.
⚫ General factors while purchasing a printer are:
speed, image quality and cost.
⚫ Speed is measured in lines per minute/character
per minute/pages per minute.
Impact printer Non impact paper
⚫ Prints by touching the ⚫ Prints without any
print head to paper. physical contact with
⚫ Different characters the paper.
print on paper with ⚫ Print by using heat,
impact of hammer. pressure and laser.
⚫ Ex: dot matrix, daisy ⚫ Have great resolution
wheel, chain printer, and speed.
drum printer. ⚫ Ex: inkjet, laser.
 Impact printer
Dot-matrix printer
⚫ It is a character printer.
⚫ Head of these printers contains a matrix of
dots/pins/hammer.
⚫ Pins are arranged in rows and columns
⚫ Characters are printed by striking the appropriate
number of pins against the printer head.
⚫ Lowest running cost.
⚫ 100-300 characters per second.
⚫ Also known as “noisy printers”.
⚫ It can print only character.
Head of dot matrix printer
Daisy wheel printer:
⚫ Circular printing mechanism.
⚫ Head of printer is in shape of flower.
⚫ Motor spins the wheel at the rapid rate. When
desired character is brought forward by spinning
the wheel, the print hammer strikes it to produce
the output.
⚫ 10-50 characters per sec.
⚫ Can print definite shapes and characters only.
⚫ Cannot print graphics.
Chain printer
⚫ It is a line printer.
⚫ Contains moving chain that rotates and when the
desired character comes, hammer strikes the
chain.
⚫ Chain contains multiple copies of characters to
increase the speed.
⚫ 400-2500 lines per minute.
Drum printer:
⚫ Line printer
⚫ Uses a cylindrical drum that has different
characters embedded on it.
⚫ Characters are arranged in different number of
bands.
⚫ Print hammers are located above the paper,
opposite to each band of drum. This hammer
strikes the paper, along with the inked ribbon
when the proper character on drum comes at the
printing position.
⚫ 300-2000 lines per minute.
 Non impact printer
Inkjet printer:
⚫ Line printer
⚫ Contain cartridge of liquid ink.
⚫ Separate cartridge for colored and black
inks.
⚫ Cartridges are arranged in a print head
containing tiny holes to spray the ink.
⚫ Offer good quality in less cost.
⚫ 6-20 pages per minute.
⚫ Needs only 3 primary colors to create
thousands of colors.
Laser printer
⚫ Page printer.
⚫ Use laser and heating technology to print.
⚫ Provides combination of high speed, best
quality and low cost of printing.
⚫ Head fires a laser on drum to draw an
inverted image on paper. After this, paper
is passed through a heater, which fixes
the ink on the paper.
⚫ 12-25 pages per minute.
⚫ Standard resolution is 600dpi.