E159212-1661016760460-180662-Unit 04 - DDD - Assingment - (Ishanka - Anuruddha-00128205)
E159212-1661016760460-180662-Unit 04 - DDD - Assingment - (Ishanka - Anuruddha-00128205)
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Unit(s) Unit 04: Database Design & Development
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Assignment 1 Assessor
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Assessor Feedback:
LO1 Use an appropriate design tool to design a relational database system for a
substantial problem
Pass, Merit & P1 M1 D1
Distinction Descripts
LO2 Develop a fully functional relational database system, based on an existing system
design
Pass, Merit & P2 P3 M2 M3
Distinction Descripts D2
* Please note that grade decisions are provisional. They are only confirmed once internal and
external moderation has taken place and grades decisions have been agreed at the assessment
board.
Action Plan
Summative feedback
Assessor Date
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1. A Cover page or title page – You should always attach a title page to your
assignment. Use previous page as your cover sheet and make sure all the details are
accurately filled.
2. Attach this brief as the first section of your assignment.
3. All the assignments should be prepared using a word processing software.
4. All the assignments should be printed on A4 sized papers. Use single side printing.
5. Allow 1” for top, bottom , right margins and 1.25” for the left margin of each page.
1. The font size should be 12 point, and should be in the style of Time New Roman.
2. Use 1.5 line spacing. Left justify all paragraphs.
3. Ensure that all the headings are consistent in terms of the font size and font style.
Important Points:
1. It is strictly prohibited to use textboxes to add texts in the assignments, except for the
compulsory information. eg: Figures, tables of comparison etc. Adding text boxes in
the body except for the before mentioned compulsory information will result in
rejection of your work.
2. Carefully check the hand in date and the instructions given in the assignment. Late
submissions will not be accepted.
3. Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due
date.
4. Excuses of any nature will not be accepted for failure to hand in the work on time.
5. You must take responsibility for managing your own time effectively.
6. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such as
illness, you may apply (in writing) for an extension.
7. Failure to achieve at least PASS criteria will result in a REFERRAL grade .
8. Non-submission of work without valid reasons will lead to an automatic RE
FERRAL. You will then be asked to complete an alternative assignment.
9. If you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, reference them properly
using HARVARD referencing system to avoid plagiarism. You have to provide both
in-text citation and a reference list.
10. If you are proven to be guilty of plagiarism or any academic misconduct, your grade
could be reduced to A REFERRAL or at worst you could be expelled from the course
I hereby, declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely to use another’s work and to
present it as my own without attributing the sources in the correct form. I further understand
what it means to copy another’s work.
Assignment Brief
Unit Tutor
Issue Date
Submission format
Part 1: The submission should be in the form of an individual written report written in a concise,
formal business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required to make use of
headings, paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be supported with
research and referenced using Harvard referencing system. Please also provide in-text citation
and bibliography using Harvard referencing system. The recommended word limit is 3,000–
3,500 words, although you will not be penalised for exceeding the total word limit.
Part 2: The submission should be in the form of a fully functional relational database system
demonstrated to the Tutor; and an individual written report (please see details in Part 1 above).
Part 3: The submission should be in the form of a witness statement of the testing completed by
the Tutor; technical documentation; and a written report (please see details in Part 1 above).
Unit Learning Outcomes:
LO1 Use an appropriate design tool to design a relational database system for a substantial
problem.
LO2 Develop a fully functional relational database system, based on an existing system
design.
LO3 Test the system against user and system requirements.
LO4 Produce technical and user documentation.
Assignment Brief and Guidance:
Polly Pipe is a water sports provider and installer based in Braintree, England. They need you
to design and implement a database that meets the data requirements. These necessities are
defined in this scenario and below are samples of the paper records that the Polly Pipe
preserves.
Polly Pipe is focused in placing aquariums at business customers. Customers can request
several installations, but each installation is tailor-made for a specific customer. Facilities are
classified by type. One or more employees are assigned to each facility. Because these
facilities are often very large, they can include carpenters and masons as well as water
installers. The facilities use equipment such as aquariums, air pumps and thermostats. There
can be multiple computers in a facility.
Below are examples of paper records that Polly Pipe currently maintains.
(Note:-It is allowed to have your own assumptions and related attributes within the scope
of the case study given)
1.2. Design set of simple interfaces to input and output for the above scenario using
Wireframe or any interface-designing tool. Evaluate the effectiveness of the given design
(ERD and Logical design) in terms of the identified user and system requirements .
Activity 2
Activity 2.1
a. Develop a relational database system according to the ER diagram you have created
(Use SQL DDL statements). Provide evidence of the use of a suitable IDE to create
a simple interface to insert, update and delete data in the database. Implement proper
security mechanisms in the developed database.
Evaluate the database solution developed and its effectiveness with relevant to the
user and system requirements identified, system security mechanisms (EX: -User
groups, access permissions) and the maintenance of the database.
Activity 2.2
a. Explain the usage of DML with below mentioned queries by giving at least one
single example per each case from the developed database. Assess the usage of the
below SQL statements with the examples from the developed database to prove that
the data extracted through them are meaningful and relevant to the given scenario.
Select/ Where / Update / Between / In / Group by / Order by / Having
Activity 3
Activity 3.1
Provide a suitable test plan to test the system against user and system requirements. provide
relevant test cases for the database you have implemented. Assess how the selected test data
Ishanka Anuruddha | Database Design and Development | Page 12
can be used to improve the effectiveness of testing.
Note:- Learner needs to give expected results in a tabular format and screenshots of the
actual results with the conclusion
Activity 3.2
Get independent feedback on your database solution from the non-technical users and some
developers (use surveys, questioners, interviews or any other feedback collecting method)
and make recommendations and suggestions for improvements in a separate
conclusion/recommendations section.
Activity 4
Produce a technical documentation and a user guide for the developed database system.
Suitable diagrams diagrams (Use case diagram, class diagram, flow charts, DFD level 0 and
1) should be included in the technical documentation to show data movement in the system.
Assess the developed database by suggesting future enhancements to ensure the
effectiveness of the system.
List of Tables
List of Images
I would like to thank all who supported me in completing my 1st assignment of Database
Design & Development assignment. I’m really happy about my friends because they always
encouraged me until I finished my project. I am sincerely grateful to them for sharing their
knowledge and giving their comments on several issues related to this assignment. Also, I
would like to give my special thanks to my friend Sandaruwan Rathnayake. He used to point
out any mistake when he is seen.
I take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to Mr.Eranga for his support and
guidance throughout this assignment. Also, his kindness and friendliness with the students
were a great help to us. Finally, I would like to extend my deep gratitude towards my mother
and my sister for their support in carrying out this work successfully.
Thank all,
Ishanka Anuruddha.
1.1 For the above scenario, identify the user and system requirements for designing a
database
What is database?
Data stored within the most common databases is typically modelled in lines and
columns for efficient processing and data querying. Storing data in this way allows
for its easy access, management, modification, updating, and control. Most databases
use structured query language (SQL) to look at data stored in rows and columns to
avoid the querying issues confronted with a sequence of data.
Figure 1 - Database
User requirements:
User requirements are statements, in a natural language plus diagrams, of what services
the system is expected to provide to system users and the constraints under which it
must operate. The user requirements may vary form broad statements of the system
features required, precise description of the system functionality.
Polly Pipe is a company based in Braintree, England that provides and installs water
sports equipment. It is necessary to develop and implement an electronic database to
accommodate their needs. Polly Pipe emphasizes corporate positioning here. Customers
can order single or multiple installations per facility type. Employees or staff are
assigned to each facility. Because these buildings are frequently very large, plumbers are
also masons and carpenters. Air pumps, thermostats, and aquariums are used in
facilities.
System requirements:
System Requirements are those that developers use to build the system. Those are
requirements that require a much deeper vision of the system. The requirements of the
system may be classified as,
1. Functional requirements
2. Non – functional requirements
Functional requirements
All tasks necessary for the database upgrade are called functional requirements.
Updating the data required for addition to the system is a key requirement for users.
The client database must be able to enter the client data from Poly Pipe Company
Database. Ability to enter information on staff and tasks. they are assigned, etc.
Provide the equipment required for an installation or control, the type of equipment
that the organization needs, and the user needs information.
ERDs display relationships between items in a database, such as persons, things, and
concepts. The ER diagram depicts a database's logical structure by identifying
entities, their properties, and their relationships. The Common ERD Symbols are as
follows:
Entity
Attribute
Multivalued Attribute
Derived Attribute
Relationship
Associative Entity
A Cardinality strategy relates to how many instances of one entity are associated with
one instance of another entity when connecting databases and ERDs. In terms of
cardinality, there are three types:
Chen Model
One to One - 1 : 1
One to Many – 1 : M
Many to Many – M : N
Figure 3 - ER Diagram
equipment_type(equipment_type_id, name)
installation( installation_id,from,to)
Multiple related tables are organized into a single table to minimize data entry. Using
normalization, you can reduce data redundancy and remove unwanted characteristics such as
inserting, updating and deleting anomalies. In normalization rules, large tables are divided
into smaller ones, and these smaller ones are connected by relationships. In SQL,
normalization aims to remove redundant data (duplicates) and ensure accurate data storage
Customer Details
Name Address Contact Installation Type
Lee A.sun Oak House, 17 Wroxton Road, 071-0000001 Freshwater Tropical
Hertfordsh ire, H5 667 077-0000001
Sally Dench Bayliss House, Orange Street, 071-0000002 Freshwater Cold
Kent, K7 988
Perry Eaglestone Castle, Eaglestone , 077-0000003 Marine
Vanderrune Kent
Eric Mackintosh 23 Sackville Street, Wilts. W55 077-0000004 Marine
Customer Details
Customer Name Address Contact Installation
ID Type
C01 Lee A.sun Oak House, 17 Wroxton 071-0000001 Freshwater
Road, Hertfordsh ire, H5 667 Tropical
C01 Lee A.sun Oak House, 17 Wroxton 077-0000001 Freshwater
Road, Hertfordsh ire, H5 667 Tropical
C02 Sally Dench Bayliss House, Orange Street, 071-0000002 Freshwater
Kent, K7 988 Cold
C03 Perry Eaglestone Castle, Eaglestone 077-0000003 Marine
Vanderrune , Kent
C03 Perry Humbertso n Castle, Kent, K8 077-0000003 Freshwater
Vanderrune Tropical
C04 Eric 23 Sackville Street, Wilts. 077-0000004 Marine
Mackintosh W55
Use separate tables for values that apply to multiple reports. Connect tables with a
Foreign key and do not rest on a table key other than the corresponding desk key.
According to the last point, Name, Address and Contact depend on the Customer ID but
Installation Types are not depending on the Customer ID. So, we can fix it like that.
Customer Details
Customer Name Address Contact
ID
C01 Lee A.sun Oak House, 17 Wroxton 071-0000001
Road, Hertfordsh ire, H5 667
C01 Lee A.sun Oak House, 17 Wroxton 077-0000001
Road, Hertfordsh ire, H5 667
C02 Sally Dench Bayliss House, Orange Street, 071-0000002
Kent, K7 988
C03 Perry Eaglestone Castle, Eaglestone 077-0000003
Vanderrune , Kent
C03 Perry Humbertso n Castle, Kent, K8 077-0000003
Vanderrune
C04 Eric 23 Sackville Street, Wilts. 077-0000004
Mackintosh W55
Installation Details
Installation ID Installation Type
I01 Freshwater Tropical
I01 Freshwater Tropical
I02 Freshwater Cold
I03 Marine
I01 Freshwater Tropical
I03 Marine
In any case, if the contents of a group of fields apply to more than one report in a table,
Customer Details
Customer Name
ID
C01 Lee A.sun
C02 Sally Dench
C03 Perry Vanderrune
C04 Eric Mackintosh
Installation Details
Installation Installation Type
ID
I01 Freshwater Tropical
I02 Freshwater Cold
I03 Marine
To design a simple interface we need a suitable flat form for that, I decided to use Wireframe.
Wireframe:
Wireframes show which interface parts are important pages on a web page. In the interaction
design process, it is crucial. A wireframe is used to present a visual overview of a page before
starting the creative process to get stakeholder and project team approval. Before adding
visual design and content, wireframes are used to build the basic structure of a page.
Table 8 -Wireframes
1.3 Evaluate the effectiveness of the given design (ERD and Logical design) in terms of
the identified user and system requirements
Before we can construct and design a database system, we must thoroughly understand both
user and system requirements. The system's efficiency is affected by this factor. A
framework's success depends on how well it addresses the issues of its users. Understanding
user and system demands is crucial to building a better, more efficient system. In order to
completely meet their needs, we aim to do so through our system.
Our system must meet eight main user requirements. A user's login, menu, adding staff,
adding equipment types, adding equipment and managing equipment, adding customers,
adding facilities, and managing installations are the software modules.
These processes are performed through nine interfaces. To meet these desires in Polly Pipe
Company, a database need to be created. A difficult concept of this gadget can be taken
through first developing an ER plan to go well with every requirement. There, all the desires
are studied and separate entities are constructed for them. Then, by way of designing the
attributes associated to them, the components wanted for an entire machine can be identified.
Then a logical database is created to fit them. There you can recognize the primary keys,
visitor keys, etc. contained in the system. It is additionally viable to apprehend the
relationships between every entity in the system.
2.1 According to the ER diagram created above, the relational database system designed
for Polly Pipe Company using SQL.
Equipment table:
Installation Table:
2.2 Creates a simple interface to insert, update and delete data in the database
The term Integrated Development Environment (IDE) refers to a tool used for software
development. GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces) are IDEs, also known as Integrated
Development Environments (IDEs). These systems enable programmers to integrate many
parts of the development process.
Developers can easily transfer code to new applications by using debugging, copy control,
and data structure review capabilities. By providing user interfaces (UIs) for pertinent
components, it increases productivity and reduces language learning time. IDEs support a
single language or a number of languages.
Database security can protect confidentiality, integrity and availability of data. Database
Security is secure database from threats. Database security threats in following situation,
• Theft fraudulent
• Confidentiality loss
• Integrity loss
• Access controls
• Views
• Data integrity
• Encryption of data
Access control:
Data encryption:
Database design was influenced by user and system requirements identified during system
design. Users' requirements describe what the system must do, while system requirements
describe what the system must do. The database solution created is made in a way that is easy
and practical for users to understand.
According to security measures, the database is built with a standard level of security. The
database is protected from unauthorized access by certain restrictions.
Activity 3
Test Plan
A trial plan is a technical writing piece that describes an orderly strategy for. Evaluating a
particular system, such as a machine, piece of software, or gadget.
The test plan involves a thorough understanding of the workflow and operations.of the
system and details how each will be assessed to see if the system works the same.designed to
detect flaws, and to establish its real constraints.
Test Plan:
3.2 Get independent feedback on your database solution from the nontechnical users
and some developers (use surveys, questioners, interviews or any other feedback
collecting method) and make recommendations and suggestions for improvements in a
separate conclusion/recommendations section.
4.1 Produce a technical documentation and a user guide for the developed database
system.
Let’s see how you can easily use the system step by step
Step 1: Here is the logging page to the Polly Pipe Database system
If you need to leave from the system, To Continue the Process, Click the
please click here Loin Button
Step 2: After you logging in to the system correctly, the Menu form will be display.
According to this type you can use every form in the menu and it eligible to add data, update
data, Delete, Clear and Search.
1. Software Requirements
2. Hardware Requirements
Processor Speed
x86 Processor: 1.0 GHz
x64 Processor: 1.4 GHz
Recommended: 2.0 GHz or faster
Class Diagram:
Flow Chart:
Add Data
Add Data
4.4 Assess the developed database by suggesting future enhancements to ensure the
effectiveness of the system.
Develop the system as a user-friendly mobile application, and then the user can easily
download and install the app on his/her smart device. According to that, the company can
share the details easily and update data day by day with the help of users. no need to bear an
additional cost to the system.
Creating security measures like two factor authentication in consideration of the damage that
can be caused to the system due to cyber-attack and carelessness of other external users.
Since there may be a legal problem in storing people's personal information, therefore during
the system's installation, the user should be informed about it and establish a plan to confirm
that he has no objection to storing his personal information.
Richard Peterson (2019). What is Normalization? 1NF, 2NF, 3NF & BCNF with Examples.
[online] Guru99.com. Available at: https://www.guru99.com/database- normalization.html.
Richard Peterson (2019). What is Normalization? 1NF, 2NF, 3NF & BCNF with Examples.
[online] Guru99.com. Available at: https://www.guru99.com/database- normalization.html.