i
UNIT-IV
LNTEGRAL CALCULUS
Reduc o
EvauateSinxdx
Soln:
n
Sin'x d* =
S in"x Sinx od x
Differen Hahen dv
Let u S.n"x Inta gabm.
dv = Sinx dx
du tn -1) 2
-
Sin x cosxdx
V-JSinxdx
V=- coS
Zntea im
by Panks Judv- uv- Jv du
n (-cos x)
Ccosx ) (p-1) Stn d
V olu
+ Cn-)
- coSxSn"
Cos Sin" dr
+Cn-)
1-sinx) sm" d
-
cosSin Ch-Df 3n dx -
Cn-) 9in' drx
coSx gln
Zn +Cn -i) I,
Cn-)3in" dr Cn-) T
cos
Sn" +Ch-i) x
1 +nLn -
Dh = - ios x Jgin"d
3in"x + Ch-)
os n 3in ol
+ Cn-)
-osY Sinn Sio"dz
n-) sin D-2 d
In Cos Sin
n In-2
valuate Sinx dx
Soln
Sin"z dx
K.T
Sin"a dx=- CoSx Sinh'n -
Sin dx
SinSin'ndr tos x Sin" 2
n-2
t Sin xdz
Los Tt/2
Sin 2 Th
-cos o Sin'o.
Cos9o-0
Sin
=o
o
2
O+ Sid
=D h-2
Snd
TT/2
T/
n d
0-3 -S h-7
n b Even h-2
n-4 h-6
V2
I C,2 4,6,S .
Sinn dx
2
dx= r) -O
todd /2
Sin x d
'3 S 7
/2 - cos
x)"2
). -osi), + COsO
Sin n d
.n n
h-2 . n-S
=O+l =
nuEvi-
"
Evaluate Sin nd
D-3
h-
n-4 i f n dld
Sinda= D: h- f n od)
n-2 h-4
11
2
Evaluate.
Seln 2
Cocx dx
tos dr
9ih Cas" n co dr
Cus x da-Sin cus" 1T2 n J
CSn
2
Sin
Cos 0
=0
=o)
o d
. n-3 h
h 2 CoS d
Dn-2 n-S
h-4
n oEven T /2
Tl2
n odd T2
72
Cos xdl (Sinz
cos d /-
n 2
Sina-Sih o
- 1-o =
n 2
nT.n- ifn even
n- h-
h-4
Evluabe 1T/2
Cosx d
nuody
n= 5
Codd
- 3
-2
-
h-4
Fvaluale: T 2
/2 = 8li
l2 Cos°xd
w d n8(even)
- S
h- -4 (e ven)
83 T/2
N
EValucbe cot a dr
cot" d cotcotxdz
w Sec x-1
= J coth CDsec
2
d? -
J cn:"a dr
-Jcot alcot)- Cot'x d
- Cos n-2t1 )
d
h-2+ I
cot'
h-I
tot dr
n Lot cot x d,
n-1
1aEvaluabe Secn d
In S e c d
n
ec Secnd
sec d lten)
U ec oV
e c2x olr
n-2) Se c"2 tenr V tan
Formul Judv= uv- Jv e l
c en - Cn -2) J tun seen-3 feunn oe
Sec" tanv- n-a) J tcun ec" d
gec 7 Funi-Cn-2 Jtr-) *nd
e
tan J (n-2>/te" dt
ee nana
-(n-2)Jsec. sec clz
+ (n-9) J Sec "n d« h-2 e 'x dr
-2
ex kan + Ch-2) gee" do -n-2)In
Ln+(h-2)ln
in +h -2
=
e
tun +tn-2) Jec" 2
d
n- n = set°aton + tn- 2)
Jsec" dr
n =
k c"tuna n-2
* 2
INTEGRATION By PARTS
Inq nation by Panls mothod
gOrorally t
inda nal whan
tird th2
ho intognand a Poouct of two dibhonant
Lypos of funclio 0n a Sirga Logarlthmic
functicn Singko invouo ignonobic
function Ca function which u nat Inlteatabe
dhactly hom th0 foTmula for dloivatr va d
Proouct aot two functions w a obtain this uaul
mathod of intgralim
u and an two dif#oonliable
Functions hon wa have
dtuv) = u dv+ vdu
u dtut)-vdu
dt
I ntagnLmg on both Sides
Judt Jd tuv) -
Jvdu
Sudv =
uv Jydu
Priorily hulas for choos ing u:[ILATE]
I n voSO functionm
Ogarithmic functions
Algebhaic functions
Trignomobie fun ctions
Enpononcial functions
the mOhd depOnds on th2
Th2 SuCcass
choico of u as that function which Comes
PnoPon
first in tho wod 'ILATE ".
Paobloms on 2 nliyralion
Pobkon1
EYaluate Jtan d
dv
Sotution: d v dx
Lot u tanx Jdv= Jd
du d* V=
ApPlying I
nhatiom by ols, wo gat
Judv uv -Jvdu
Jtan d = (ton) () - J . dx
tana da tan x - dx
In th2 SOCond intagral
Put t l+
Difoontiate both 8idøs w. b *
0+2%
dt
d
olt 2x dx
dt dx
d dt
Substitute Cquation a n d in qualin 0, w0 gat
Jtan dx =
tan -
S +d
tan - Sd
tan d tan' S+ dt
ta
S :d log:]
Lan-logt +Cc Cusing cop
t +2
Jtan d tan - logC14r)+C
PhoblOm: 2
E valuah Slogn
u
dx
dv
Solution:
U: log d v dx
du d Sdv Jda
V *
APPying Inaraliom by puu, woqat
Judv uv - Jvdu
dx
Jlogx d logw) tt) -J
= logx- dx
lo 1 +C
Slogn dx =
(log « -1) +e
Problon 3
EYalual Sinx dx
dy
Souion
d v Sinx dx
du d x
Jdv= Ssina dx
V COS x
APPlying 1nãralim by pats, w0 got
Ju dv = uv Sv odu
Sinx da =«) -Cos) -
-tos d
X Cos +Cos z d
:cos d1: Sinx]
-
CoS x+ Sinx +C
Sinx da -A COS * + Sin + C
x =
Phoblom: 4
Evaluat
Soution
Lot u dv dx
du dx
Jdv Je"d
APplying Lnigation by Pab wagot
Sudv uv - Jvdu
Sacdr O L) - So' d
- ) +c
d " (1 -1) + C
E Mamplo:5
Evaluato dx
Ji tan
Soution:
dv- d x
U tanx
Lot
Sdv= J d
du dx
V
APPlying 1ntgration by povts we 90t
Judv: uv-Jv du
I'tand (tan))-S dr
tand tan - 1dx
En tho SOCbnd inliral
Put t -+
Difooiate wT t on hoth Sidas
d +2X
dt = 2 x d
dt ndx
.' xd
uatin , we got
Sub stibulo n d in
S* tam"nd: tan -S * d r
Jr tan' kd*:tan
-
J dt
tan
tan )+logt) +c
tan- t te
tan dx t a n -
+
lg 14) c
EXample: 6 dv
Evaluate J logn dx
Solulion:
dv: d x
ot u 0g
Jdv Jadx
du dx V 2
APlying Iningralin by Pari, w0got
Sudv: uv- Svdlu
Sx logn d = logx) ( )-S* d
log - J« dx
logx-G)+e
C
Jalogx d log-
-
BERNOULLI'S FORMULA FOR INTELTRATION By DARTS
1f u and v l functions of , hen
Th2 Bonnoulli "S rulo i 9ivon by
udv uV- u' v, +u" va u" V 4
-
wha u', u", u", . . ane SuccOaiva doi valt ves
and V,, V1, V2, Y3. a2 Succ2 i vO
In ighals of dv
8annouu's fosmula advantag00usly
applicd whon U " in ua Positive ingon).
folowing Phoblam wo hano to apy
tho intgralion by POns tuwo o mora tems
the Solutions .
b tind Tn thi ease
BOinoullis fosmula halps tind 7he solution
asihy
Problom:1
folouing with 0sPOct to
En@grate2 th0
G i ) x COS (ii) Singx
J s o*dx
Solulin dv dx
3
-e-
u 3x V - e2
6 -e
-*
u 6
u 0 -X
1
O
1
Paoblo m:2
E valuale Je ces 3x dx
Solution
Thus he inlogalion of ho forn
Je (ax
a cosba + b sin ba)
Ho a b: 3 Je"os3x d]
Cos 3xdx =
(A ts 3x +3Sin4*)
4 +33
CAOS3+3Sin4x)
1b+9
4x)
J Cos 3x dr = e (htos 3x +
25
3Sih
Phoblon:2
E valunte Six dx
Solution
This th inlarationt tha for
sin br dx = (a sinbz b Casba)
HonQ a-1,b= Se ainz dx]
-X
sinsia dx e
-sint - Cosx)
1+
COSz)
Je Sinx d* =- e (sinz +
P
11
11
1111
11
11
1
1
e ,
1
S
1
