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02-Speed Torque Curve

The document discusses the torque-speed curve of centrifugal pumps and its importance in relation to the driving motor. It explains that pumps require a particular torque at any given speed to produce flow and head. The real torque-speed curve of a pump is affected by inertia and friction. It can require up to 20% of full load torque to start the pump, and then follows the square law closer to full speed. The motor torque-speed curve must be overlaid to ensure it can provide enough accelerating torque for the pump to reach full speed.

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Fayez Al-ahmadi
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100% found this document useful (2 votes)
491 views

02-Speed Torque Curve

The document discusses the torque-speed curve of centrifugal pumps and its importance in relation to the driving motor. It explains that pumps require a particular torque at any given speed to produce flow and head. The real torque-speed curve of a pump is affected by inertia and friction. It can require up to 20% of full load torque to start the pump, and then follows the square law closer to full speed. The motor torque-speed curve must be overlaid to ensure it can provide enough accelerating torque for the pump to reach full speed.

Uploaded by

Fayez Al-ahmadi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNDERSTANDING THE PUMP SPEED TORQUE CURVE

THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

UNDERSTANDING THE PUMP TORQUE ‐ SPEED CURVE

AND 

ITS IMPORTANCE IN RELATION TO THE MOTOR
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

A Centrifugal Pump is an “On Demand” device.

That is, when running at any Speed it will demand from the driver 
the Power it needs to produce Flow and Head.

Power and Speed are a measure of Torque.  So the Pumps will 
require a particular Torque at any particular Speed.

On the next page we show a typical pump Torque Speed curve.

When the Motor is switched on the Pump will run along its 
Torque‐Speed curve to reach its running speed.
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

If we ignore the effects of Friction and Inertia (resistance to change in momentum) 


then this would be the shape of a pump Torque‐Speed curve...
% of Full Load TORQUE

% of Full Load SPEED
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

If we ignore the effects of Friction and Inertia (resistance to change in momentum) 


then this would be the shape of a pump Torque‐Speed curve…
% of Full Load TORQUE

% of Full Load SPEED

But we cannot ignore these factors…. So in reality the shape is a little 
different, as shown in the next slide.
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

Here we see the real dynamic effects of starting a pump.

% of Full Load TORQUE

Effects of Inertia and 
Stiction (Static‐Friction)

% of Full Load SPEED
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

Up to 20% of the Full Load Torque can be needed to start the Pump moving.

% of Full Load TORQUE

20% 
FLT

% of Full Load SPEED
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

Up to 20% of the Full Load Torque can be needed to start the Pump moving.

% of Full Load TORQUE

5% to 10% FLT

20% 
FLT

15% FLS % of Full Load SPEED

Then after about 15% of Full Load Speed when things are moving more rapidly,
the Torque‐Speed curve starts to follow the square law closely, eg. 80% of FLS = 64% of FLT.
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

Below we see the typical Torque‐Speed curve of a typical Motor.
% TORQUE

% SPEED
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

When we overlay the Pump Torque‐Speed curve we see the full 
picture.
% TORQUE

% SPEED
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

When we overlay the Pump Torque‐Speed curve we see the full 
picture.
% TORQUE

% SPEED
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

When we overlay the Pump Torque‐Speed curve we see the full 
picture.
% TORQUE

This is the accelerating Torque 
available from the Motor to 
accelerate the Pump to full 
speed.

% SPEED
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

When we overlay the Pump Torque‐Speed curve we see the full 
picture.
% TORQUE

This is the accelerating Torque 
available from the Motor to 
accelerate the Pump to full 
speed.

% SPEED
Full Pump Speed‐ No more Torque 
available from the Motor
The Pump Torque ‐ Speed Curve
THE PUMP TORQUE-SPEED CURVE EXPLAINED

When we overlay the Pump Torque‐Speed curve we see the full 
picture.
% TORQUE

% SPEED
In order to make sure there is always enough accelerating Torque, the Motor 
manufacturer needs to know the Torque‐Speed curve and details of the Pump, and 
Full Pump Speed‐ No more Torque 
also the Inertia of the Pump and Coupling he needs to accelerate to full speed.
available from the Motor

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