8

Technical and
Vocational Education
COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING
Quarter 1- Module 2
Performing Computer Operations
Part 1 Week 3-5

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 What I Need to Know

This module covers the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to perform
computer operations which include inputting, accessing, producing, and transferring
data using the appropriate hardware and software.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. input data into a computer (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Id-e-5).
2. access information using a computer (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ie-f-6).
3. produce output/data using a computer system (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-If-7).
4. use basic functions of a www-browser to locate information.
(TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ig-h-8).

What I Know

Before starting with this module, let us measure what you already know about
Performing Computer Operations. Follow and answer the activity below.
Please do not forget to write the following in your answer sheet:
Name: _________________________________________ Yr.& Section: ____________________
Yr. Level & Subject (Specialization): ________________ Module No: ___________________
Name of the Activity (e.g.: What I know) __________________Date: ___________________

Directions: Select the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which type of computer is the most widely used such as – desktop, laptops,
tablets, and smartphones?
a. Mainframe Computer c. Minicomputer
b. Microcomputer d. Supercomputer
2. What term best describes the collection of entities that are designed to receive,
process, manage, and present information in a meaningful format?
a. Computer System c. Operating System

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 b. Network Operation d. System Unit
3. Which of the following devices is an electronic visual computer display that
includes a screen, circuitry, and the case in which that circuitry is enclosed?
a. Monitor c. Speaker
b. Printer d. Video Card

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4. Which type of optical drive is a nonmagnetic, polished metal disk used to store
digital information. The disc is read by the CD- ROM?
a. Blu-ray Disc c. DVD
b. Compact Disc d. Hard Disk
5. Which element of the computer system refers to the collection of electronic
instructions that tells the computer what to do?
a. Hardware c. Software
b. Peopleware d. Storage Device
6. Which type of magnetic storage is used as permanent storage for data?
a. Floppy Disk Drive c. RAM
b. Hard Disk Drive d. Solid State Drive
7. Which element of computer system is referred as the physical, tangible computer
equipment and devices which provides support for major functions such
as input, process, output and storage?
a. Hardware c. Software
b. Peopleware d. Storage Device
8. Which computer application is used to access information on the World Wide
Web?
a. Internet URL c. Web Browser
b. Search Engine d. www
9. Which of the MS Office applications is used for creating documents such as
letters, brochures, activity programs, and learning activities?
a. MS Excel c. MS Publisher
b. MS PowerPoint d. MS Word
10. What input device is used to capture a source document and converts printed
data or images into an electronic data format that a computer can store or
process as required?
a. Keyboard c. Mouse
b. Microphone d. Scanner

Lesson
The Computer System
1

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 What’s In

In the previous lesson, you have learned the different hand tools and their uses. Do
you think learning about them is helpful? Keep on track becausethe next lesson will
show you more interesting and helpful things which you could use in the modern
world.

What’s New

Activity 1. Word Codes

Computers are found in many places. Find out what these places are by decoding the
words below. Do this by writing the letter of the alphabet that comes after each given
letter. Use A as the letter after Z. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. khaqzqx library
2. rgno
3. neehbd
4. rsnqd
5. ezbsnqx
6. gnld
7. azmj
8. kzanqzsnqx
9. rbgnnk
10. ntsdq rozbd

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 What is It

Computers in a Changing World

Many scientific and technological advances mark the beginning of the twentieth
century. These advances include inventions such as airplane, television, and most
especially the computer. Computers are changing our lives; they are sweeping away
the old ways of doing things with their superb speed and reliability.
As many of today’s basic functions are being simplified by technology, computers have
been on the forefront in developing innovations through its many functions.
In this digital world, having the knowledge and skills in computer servicing is the start
and most fundamental of all.
Years ago… Today…

www.google.com www.google.com

We use calculator to compute. It We use computers to solve billions of

takes some time to solve huge math problems.
number of numbers.

www.google.com www.google.com
We use landline telephone to call We use mobile phones to call anyone
our friend. anywhere.

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 www.google.com www.google.com
We send our mails through post We send messages through the
office. It takes several days to computer. It takes only a few seconds
received. before they are received.

www.google.com www.google.com
We go to the library to look for We search information on the
information in books. internet.

I. Computer and Its Types

A computer is an electronic machine that processes and stores information. It takes

in raw information using input devices, stores in the memory until it is ready to be
processed in the processing unit and sends out results using output devices.

www.google.com

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 Computers are classified into four (4) different types
based on its processing power and size:

THE TYPES OF COMPUTERS

1. Supercomputer is the fastest and most powerful computer in terms of
performance and data processing. It uses its power to run one program at a time.
Used in:

• Research and exploration

• Weather forecasting
• Nuclear weapon testing www.google.com
2. Mainframe computer is not as powerful as the supercomputer. It isdesigned to
run multiple programs concurrently. It is commonly used in:
• Banks
• Educational Institution
• Insurance companies
www.google.com

3. Minicomputer, also known as “Midrange,” computer fill the space between the
mainframe and microcomputer. It is smaller than Supercomputer or Mainframe
computer but bigger and more powerful than the microcomputer. They are generally
used as mid-range servers.
Some of its uses are as:

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 • Data Management device
• Communications Portal
• Process Control

www.google.com

4. Microcomputer is the most widely used computer – desktop, laptops, tablets, and
smartphones. It is the cheapest among the different classes of computers. This
computer is design for general usage such as entertainment, education and work
purposes.

Basic Parts of a Computer System

www.google.com

II. The Elements of Computer System

A computer system is a collection of entities that are designed to receive, process,

manage, and present information in a meaningful format. It has 3 elements that will
make a computer really useful.

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 Elements of a Computer System

Hardware Software Peopleware

1. Hardware refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and

devices which provides support for major functions such as input,
process, output and storage.

Components of Computer
Hardware

Input Output
Device Device

Process Storage
Device Device

A. INPUT DEVICES are composed of a device that accepts data and

instructions from the user or from another computer system.

Keyboard Mouse Scanner Microphone

www.google.com

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A.1. Keyboard
A computer keyboard is an input device used to enter characters and
functions into the computer system by pressing buttons, or keys. It is the primary
device used to enter text.
A.2. Mouse
The mouse is another input device used to point and select objects on the
computer monitor. Using the mouse and keyboard in combination allows the
computer user substantial latitude in how to accomplish a widevariety of tasks.

A.3. Scanner
A scanner is used to capture a source document and converts printed data or
images into an electronic data format that a computer can store or process as
required.

A.4. Microphone
Microphone is used to input sound that is then stored in a digital form. It is used
for various applications such as adding sound to a multimedia presentation or
for mixing music

B. OUTPUT DEVICE is any piece of computer hardware that displays results after
the computer has processed the input data that has been entered.

Monitor Printer Speaker Projector

www.google.com

B.1. Monitor
A monitor is an electronic visual computer display that includes a screen,
circuitry, and the case in which that circuitry is enclosed.

B.2. Printer
The printer is a device use to print texts and pictures.

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B.3. Speaker
A computer speaker is an output hardware device that produces sound.

B.4. Projector
A projector is an output device that projects an image onto a large surface, such as a
white screen or wall.

C. PROCESS DEVICE is the computer’s circuitry in the system unit. It plays an

important role in processing operations. It is used to process data, using instructions
from the program.

C.1. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board – is the main circuit board of a

computer. It contains all the circuits and components that run the computer.
C.2. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the main “brain” or “heart” of
a computer system. It performs all of the instructions and calculations that are
needed and manages the flow of information through a computer.
C.3. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile, meaning it holds data only when
the power is on. When the power is off, RAM's contents are lost.
C.4. Video Card/GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) - also called a display card, graphics
card, display adapter, or graphics adapter is an expansion card which
generates a feed of output images to a display device (such as a computer
monitor).

SYSTEM UNIT
The system unit, also known as a "tower" or "chassis," is the main part of a desktop
computer. It encloses the motherboard, CPU, RAM, video card, and other internal
components.

www.google.com

Other Internal Components of the System Unit

a. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the PC case, next to the

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 motherboard. It converts 220/110vac (standard house power) into DC voltages
that are used by other components in the PC.
b. Heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) - is a passive heat
exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical
device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away
from the device, thereby allowing regulation of the device's temperature.
c. Optical Drive - An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read data
on the optical media. There are three types of optical drives: Compact Disc (CD),
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).

D. STORAGE DEVICE stores data and programs. These hold data, information, and
programs permanently.

d.1 Magnetic Storage d.2 Optical Storage d.3 Flash Memory

Blu-ray Solid State Drive

Hard Disk Drive
CD Memory Card

Floppy Disk DVD USB Flash Drive

D.1. Magnetic Storage

D.1.1. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - also known as hard drive, is a
magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer.
The hard drive is used as permanent storage for data.
www.google.com

D.1.2. Floppy Disk - is a removable data storage magnetic medium that housed in a
rigid plastic cartridge measuring 3.5 inches square and about 2millimeters thick. Also
called a "3.5-inch diskette," it can store up to 1.44 megabytes (MB) of data.

www.google.com

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D.2. Optical Storage

D.2.1. BD (Blu-ray Disc) – is simply called as Blu-Ray, a digital optical disc data
storage format. It was designed to supersede the DVD format and is capable of storing
several hours of video in high definition.

www.google.com

D.2.2. CD (Compact Disc) - also called optical disc is a nonmagnetic, polished metal
disk used to store digital information. The disc is read by the CD- ROM.

www.google.com

D.2.3. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) - an optical disc technology with a 4.7 gigabyte
storage capacity on a single-sided, one-layered disk, which is enough for a 133-minute
movie.

www.google.com

D.3. Flash Memory

D.3.1. Solid State Drive – is a storage medium that uses non-volatile memory.

www.google.com
D.3.2. Memory Card – is a solid-state electronic flash memory data storagedevice used
with digital cameras, handheld and tablet/mobile computers and other electronics

D.3.3. USB flash drive - is a plug-and-play portable storage www.google.com

device that uses flash memory and is lightweight enough to
attach to a key chain. A USB drive can be used in place of a
floppy disk, Zip drive disk, or CD.
www.google.com

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2. Software – this term refers to the collection of electronic instructions that tells the
computer what to do. It is a computer program that is installed in your computer.
The diagram below shows the classification of software.

Software

System
Software Application
Software
Operating Utility
System Programs
Kinds of Computer Software

A. System Software coordinates the activities and functions of hardware and

software. It controls the operations of computer hardware and provides an
environment or platform for all the other types of software to work in. It is the most
basic type of software in any computer system, which is essential for other programs,
applications and the whole computer system to function.

A.1. Operating System – is the program that, after being initially loaded into
computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer.
Examples– Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Ubuntu

www.google.com
A.2. Utility Programs – are small, powerful programs with a limited capability, they
are usually operated by the user to maintain a smooth running of the computer
system.

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B. Application Software is a computer program that performs a specific task.
(Application software examples – MS Office, OpenOffice, Media Players, MS
Access, educational software, media development software, Antivirus software,
etc.)

www.google.com

3. Peopleware – the most important element of a computer system is its

users. The following types of people interact with a computer system:
a. System Analysts - are people who design the operation and
processing of the system
b. System Programmers – are people who write codes and
programs to implement the working of the system.
c. System Operators – are people who operate the system and use
it for different purposes. Also called the end users like students,
teachers, and other professionals.

III. HOW THE COMPUTER WORKS?

Data are raw facts about things, events, or activities that are captured, recorded, and
stored on the computer. These can be in the form of words, numbers, or pictures.

Data become information when these have been arranged or organized to be of

use and to have meaning to the user.

INPUT – in this step, data are entered into the computer through input
devices, such as keyboard and mouse.
PROCESS – is the computer’s method of analyzing, managing, or
manipulating data. The data entered into the computer undergo
changes. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) directs the operation
of the input and output devices to create the needed information.
OUTPUT – You get the output once the computer is finished processing the
data. It could be displayed on the monitor, printed on paper, or
heard through speakers.

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STORAGE – The processed data are kept for future use. We use Hard Disk Drive to
store the information.

www.google.com
IV. Common Computer Applications Used in Performing
Computer Related Duties

1. Microsoft Office Application – is a package application developed by Microsoft

and is intended to be used in offices and schools.
a. MS Word – A word processing application used for creating documents such
as letters, brochures, activity programs, and learning activities.

www.google.com
b. MS Excel – is a spreadsheet program ideal for entering, calculating, and
analyzing numeric data such as sales figures, sales taxes, and students’
grades.

www.google.com
c. MS PowerPoint – is a presentation tool that uses graphical approach to
presentation in the form of slides. Its primary function is to help a presenter
deliver its presentation effectively.

www.google.com
2. Photo Editing Software – is commonly used in editing and enhancing
photos that would give you an excellent output.

www.google.com

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 3. Video Editing Software – is used to edit movies or video clips.

www.google.com
4. Web Browsers – is an application used to access information on the World Wide
Web. Web browsers interpret and display HTML web pages, applications,
JavaScript, and other content hosted on web servers in theform of text, pictures,
audio, and video.

www.google.com

Search Engine is a program that enables the users to search for documents
or information on the World Wide Web.

How to search information on the World Wide Web?

1. Click a browser that you want to use – Chrome, Firefox or Edge

2. Type the search engine that you want to use in the web
browser’s URL (Uniform Resource Locator) and press the Enter
key.

Address bar

Bookmark

Search tab

*To bookmark a page, just click the star icon on the right
side of thebrowser.
3. Use the search tab or the address bar of your search
engine to find information on the web.
When searching for an information on the web, the results are categorized
– All, Images, Videos, Maps, News, More,

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 www.google.com

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 What’s More

Activity 3: Name Game

Directions: Name the following computer parts. Write your

answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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 What’s More

Activity 4: Classification

Directions: Classify the following devices. Write ID for input device, PD for
process device, OD for output device and SD for storage
device. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Mouse
2. Printer
3. Monitor
4. USB Flash Drive
5. Speaker
6. Hard Disk Drive
7. Keyboard
8. SSD
9. Scanner
10. GPU

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the missing word/s to complete the sentence. Write your answers on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. A _____________ is an electronic machine that processes information. It takes in

raw information using __________devices, stores in the memory until it is ready to be
processed in the processing unit and sends out results using ___________ devices.
2. A _____________ is a collection of entities that are designed to receive,
process, manage and present information in a meaningful format. It
has three elements: __________, __________, and ___________.

3. A computer __________________ refers to the physical, tangiblecomputer equipment

and devices which provides support for major functions such as ________________,
process, ______________, and storage.

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4. Keyboard, mouse, scanner, and microphone are ____________ devices.
5. Monitor, printer, speaker, and projector are _____________devices.
6. Motherboard, CPU, RAM, and GPU are _________________ devices.

7. Computer ________________ device store data and programs.

8. A computer ___________________ refers to the collection of electronic instructions

that tells the computer what to do.
9. A _________________ browser is an application used to access information on the
World Wide Web.

What I Can Do

Activity 5: Identifying Software

Directions: Identify all the computer software that you need for the following
entrepreneurial activities. Refer your answer from the items in the box below. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Microsoft Office Adobe Premiere/Sony

2013/2016/365 Microsoft Vegas AutoCAD
Edge Chrome / Firefox (Computer Aided
Kaspersky / Norton / McAfee Design) Solid Works
Amazon, eBay (Online Stores) (3D Designing) Python,
Adobe Photoshop / GIMP C++ (Coding Software)

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 What I Can Do

Activity 6: Search Me
Directions: In this activity, you will apply your Internet browsing and Internet search
skills. Complete the following activities and write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Select a search engine and search for information on uses of the Internet. Use at
least three different keywords to search for the information. Bookmark one Web
page that you think is relevant. Keywords used:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

URLS for the first three results on the search page:

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

URLS bookmarked by you with your reason for bookmarking the Web site
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

2. Go to http://www.xe.com/ and find the exchange rate of 1 US

Dollar ($) in peso.
Exchange rate for 1 $ = ___________________________________

3. Go to www.wikipedia.com and find an article on a prominent

person who was in the news recently.
Name of the Person: _______________Wikipedia Link: ___________

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 Assessment

Please do not forget to write the following in your answer sheet:

Name: _________________________________________ Yr.& Section: ___________________
Yr. Level & Subject (Specialization): ________________ Module No: __________________
Name of the Activity (e.g.: What I know) __________________Date: __________________

Directions: Select the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which of the types of computers is commonly used in banks, educational

institution,
and insurance companies?
a. Mainframe Computer c. Minicomputer
b. Microcomputer d. Super Computer
2. What is considered as the brain of the computer?
a. CPU c. RAM
b. Motherboard d. System Unit
3. Which of the following is not an input device?
a. Keyboard c. Mouse
b. Monitor d. Scanner
4. Which is not an example of an operating system?
a. Coby c. Windows 98
b. Linux Mint d. Ubuntu
5. What computer application is ideal for entering, calculating, and analyzing
numeric
data such as sales figures, sales taxes, and students’ grades?
a. MS Excel c. MS Publisher
b. MS PowerPoint d. MS Word
6. Which of the types of optical drive is designed to supersede the DVD format, and
is capable of storing several hours of video in high definition?
a. Blu-ray Disc c. Digital Versatile Disc
b. Compact Disc d. USB Flash Drive
7. Which part of the computer is volatile, meaning it holds data only when the
power is on?
a. CPU c. RAM
b. Motherboard d. System Unit
8. Which is incorrect in the statement below about data?

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 a. Data can be in the form of words, numbers, or pictures.
b. Data is processed in a meaningful way according to the given requirement.
c. Data are raw facts about things, events, or activities that are captured,
recorded, and stored on the computer.
d. Data become information when these have been arranged or organized to
be of use and to have meaning to the user.
9. Which of the following is the most important element of a computer system?
a. Application Programs c. Peopleware
b. Hardware d. Software
10. Which of the software below is commonly used in editing and enhancing
photos that would give you an excellent output?
a. Adobe After Effects c. Adobe Photoshop
b. Adobe Acrobat d. Adobe Premier

Additional Activities

Activity 7: Finger Keyboarding Assignment

Directions: Draw a diagram of proper hand position using a keyboard and label each
finger with the keys assigned. Draw it on a separate sheet of paper.

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References

BOOKS

Clifford P. Esteban, The Amazing World of Computers 4 Second Edition, Phoenix Publishing
House, Inc. 927 Quezon Ave., Quezon City
Clifford P. Esteban, The Amazing World of Computers 3 Second Edition, Phoenix Publishing
House, Inc. 927 Quezon Ave., Quezon City
K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum-Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module-
Computer Hardware Servicing-RONALDO V. ROMULO and DEOVER M. PASCO
Intel Easy Steps a Digital Literacy Program Activity Book, Intel Corporation

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES

http://www.kekdafni.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/ICT-MODULES-
OVERVIEW.pdf
https://www.proprofs.com/discuss/c/computer
https://www.academia.edu/34890204/._CBLM_Perform_Computer
https://sites.google.com/site/fixurpc1974/common/pc-operations
https://www.google.com/search?q=pictures+of+the+computer+parts&source=l
nms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU4fC9-
pLqAhVSPHAKHf4ICbMQ_AUoAXoECBIQAw&biw=1280&bih=610#imgrc=TuPFGHuiYyqScM
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https://www.e-tesda.gov.ph/course/view.php?id=81 https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/basic-
parts-of-a-computer/

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