Volume 7, Issue 11, November – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Automated Guided Vehicle with Scissor Lifting

Mechanism Using Arduino INO Program
Aditya Ghadigaonkar Vignesh Tamse
Department of Automobile Engineering Department of Automobile Engineering
Saraswati College of Engineering, Saraswati College of Engineering

Rohan Chavan Abu Rafe

Department of Automobile Engineering Department of Automobile Engineering
Saraswati College of Engineering Saraswati College of Engineering

Abstract:- These locations have left their supply of AGV, it ought not slam into the specialist, it is possible
distribution centre in ruins these days as a result of the that it should pass by the specialist by finding another way
remarkably increasing demand for assembly parts. In a breaking down the encompassing or it should stop for some
similar way, human error has a negative impact on time and hold up until the laborer passes. Now and again a
capability and security. These vehicles therefore perform minimal effort camera is added to catch the ongoing pictures
precisely, expertly, and without error. The correct to figure out the encompassing to keep away from crashes. By
concept of an AGV may then be introduced, namely that the blend of profundity data from the picture taken by the
it is a driverless vehicle in which the required materials camera and 2D facilitate framework would be useful to
are obtained by the machinery itselfand then circulated to ascertain the constant separation along AGV's, gear and
the designated location in the distribution centre. articles precisely to decrease position mistake.
Therefore, this facilitates movement inside as much as
possible while also doing so with legal accuracy and Right now improvements and consequences of research
without causing any injury. are examined. Segments of AGV are vehicle, stationary
control framework, fringe framework parts and on location
I. INTRODUCTION framework segments. Vehicle is the fundamental control
component of the AGV and plays out the real transportation
The Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) is a generic task which is requested. Stationary control framework is the
term that includes all vehicle components capable of organization of transportation request. Enhancement of
operating autonomously. Robotic guided vehicles offer a calendars and the board of multi AGV framework are
plethora of uses in the modern world. AGVs are currently overseen by stationary control framework. Fringe framework
used in a variety of adventures, with the main limitations on parts speak to the partner to different on board gear of the
their application arising from the components of the objects vehicle, for example battery stacking stations and burden
to be transported or spatial considerations. AGVs can be used move systems. On location framework parts are the parts of
in many different ways, but the decision to buy and the site's basic plan that affects the AGV, for example the
implement such systems is typically based on financial ground, doors, lift, etc.
considerations. In a typical transportation community,
productivity is managed by human flourishing. In view of Essential Automated Guided Vehicle innovation is
distant correspondence, the AGV is unusually adaptable. Its definitely not another innovation. Fifty years prior when
ability to communicate with different autonomous cars enables AGV's were first utilized they were called driverless
predictable behaviour. Vehicle cooperation between them frameworks. After certain years, headways in gadgets have
continues to work prompted changes in thevehicles. In any case, structuring an
AGV that can really move and capacity isn't a simple errand.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW The vast majority of them in ventures are worked utilizing
electric force and moved by the utilization of electric
The first Automated Guided Vehicle was acquaint with engine. The engine is additionally associated with gears by
the world in 1950s and the first large advancement for the means of a pole and afterward to the wheels for speed
AGV business was the presentation of a unit load vehicle in varieties. Through this system the AGV can move tothe
the mid 1970's. Suman Kumar Das, M.K. Pasan Right now necessary way. In light of these elements, the connection
kinds of aides methods for AGV's are examined. The sorts are between absolute loads that the AGV can withstand with the
Wire Guided Vehicle, Magnetic Guided Vehicle, RailGuided force provided is Significant.
Vehicle and Laser Guided Vehicle.
Roger Bostelman attended the North American Material
Right now recognition and situating is proposed. AGV Handling Show at Cobo Hall in Detroit, MI, to gain
ought to explore the way accurately which is requestedby the background information for the Industrial Autonomous
administrator, and it ought to likewise maintain a strategic Vehicle Project. This informative show focused on industrial
distance from the obstructions coming in the middle of for material handling equipment such as Automatic Guided
example in a distribution center if a laborer goes over the way Vehicles (AGVs), pallet lifters and jacks, lifting equipment,

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Volume 7, Issue 11, November – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
automated storageand retrieval systems (AS/RS), Automatic To forward our project, we have decided to use the paint
ID Systemsand Data Collection Equipment, and many other strip method as our argument. The idea behind our product is
smaller parts and equipment. The main focus for Bostelman based on the phenomena of light, whichsets it in motion. We
was on AGVs and sensor technology (laser and ID systems). are aware that black absorbs the majority of the light, but
In short, the trip was a very useful information-gathering white reflects practically all of the light that strikes it. We use
venture for this and other ISD projects with applications in Arduino in our AGV. Light is sent and received via IR
material handling and/or mobility. Also, all (vendor) transmitters and receivers, commonly known as photodiodes.
company representatives that Bostelman talked to are Infrared light is transmitted through IR. Infrared rays that
interested in: becoming involved with the IAV project, ISD strikea white surface are reflected, picked up by photodiodes,
hosting a workshop, and ISD becoming move involved in and cause voltage changes. When IR light strikes a dark
the industry. There were about twenty AGV-related booths, object
several displaying their AGVs statically or in motion. The
two guidance technologies displayed were wire and laser The photodiode does not receive any light or rays since
guidance ASRS/AGV Users Conference, Reno, NV, June 12- the black surface absorbs light and does not reflect any of
14, 2000 Maris Juberts and Roger Bostelman attended the them. Therefore, our AGV sends a signal to Arduino
ASRS/AGV User’s Conference at John Ascuaga’s Nugget whenever it detects a black line.
Hotel in Reno, NV, from June 12-14 as background
information for the Industrial Autonomous Vehicle Project. The motors are then operated by Arduino in accordance
This informative conference joined both automated storage with the sensor's output. The left sensor and the right sensor
and retrieval system and automated guided vehicle are the two IR sensors we are employing. Our AGV advances
(ASRS/AGV) users and vendors together for information when the left and rightsensors detect white. Our AGV turns to
exchange. It also served as an ASRS/AGV business meeting. the left if the left sensor crosses the black line. If the right
ISD provided handoutsincluding a presentation called “NIST sensors detect a black line, the robot will turn to the right until
and the Industrial Autonomous Vehicle Project,” a list of both sensors encounter a white surface, at which point our
references for previous NIST vehicle research, and an AGV will resume moving ahead.
“Intelligent Control of Mobility Systems” program brochure. If both sensors come on the black line, then the AGV will
Our main focus was to learn about navigation and control stop.
problems encountered by AGV users and vendors. Several
presentations were given along with ASRS- and AGV- IV. MODELING AND ANALYSIS
focused breakout sessions. The AGV breakout session
included only three users and focused on their battery, static-  Model Details
electricity, and forklifts side-by-side with AGV problems.
Low session turnout seemed to be due to a low AGV user
turnout at the conference (i.e., mostly ASRS users/vendors).
Juberts and Bostelman met with June Powers, User’s Group
President (retiring after this year) and Leslie Cumiford
(Sandia Lab’s), the Groups Vice-President (future President).
Discussed was the possibility of a NIST-hosted Industrial
Autonomous Vehicle (IAV) Project workshop. They felt that
getting users and vendors to participate/attend a workshop
might be unlikely based on the turnout they got for this
conference (94 total attendees = 56 users + 32 vendors + 6
academic/government). Conference attendees represent 26
users with 23 vendors and 4 government
agencies/universities. It was suggested that NIST participate Fig: 3D Model of A.G.V.
in the next User’s Conference, which was planned for June
2001 in Columbus, OH. Also, for near-term AGV Chassis: A Chassis is the load -bearing framework of an
user’s/vendors needs research, it was suggested that NIST artificial object, which structurally supports the object in its
conduct (with assistance from the User’s Group)an industry construction. This supports our Scissor lifting Mechanism.
survey. They receive about 90 % returned surveys upon The base is made of Aluminum 3003 alloy for this model.
follow-up calls to survey recipients. Without follow-up calls,
they receive about 5 % back.As for the positive response to Base Table: It is the part placed on top of the chassis which
a NIST-hosted IAV Project workshop that Bostelman has been riveted on the chassis. This houses the lead screw
received, from the vendors at the material handling show in assembly and all the computing components.
Detroit April2000, Cumiford said they typically hear the same
thingand still get lower turn-out than expected. Scissor Link: The links are used for the scissor lifting
mechanism. It supports folding in a Criss-cross position. It is
made up of Aluminum because of its lowdensity.

III. METHODOLOGY Work Table: Worktable is used to carry the load placed on
the chassis. It is connected to the scissor links via bolts.

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Volume 7, Issue 11, November – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
VI. CONCLUSIONS
Lead Screw: This lead screw is connected to the stepper
motor which moves it with certain speed and step size for the The paint strip method is more viable for Navigation
motion of the scissor lift. systems. The Programming for the A.G.V.’s Navigation
system is running smoothly & The Design of the chassis with
Mounting: This is used as a guide and support for the lead the dimensions we choose is safe.
screw, which helps in the smooth motion of the shaft.
REFERENCES
Flexible Coupling: The purpose of this flexible coupling is
to transmit the motion from the shaft of rotating shaft to [1]. International Research Journal of Modernization in
another, while tolerating at the same time a small amount of Engineering Technologyand Science
misalignment. In our case thisis used to connect our stepper [2]. Research gate publication
motor to the Lead screw. [3]. Industrial Autonomous Vehicle Project Report- Roger
Bostelman
Wheel: Wheels are used to move the A.G.V. Motion of the
wheel connected with the D.C. Motor helps the Model to
move. Wheels with good grip are used which provides stability
and friction

Fig: 3D Model of Final Design Electronic Components

Arduino Uno L298M Motor Driver D.C. Motor
I.R. Sensors Stepper Motor Micro Step Controller

V. APPLICATIONS

The primary application zones are association of various

work territories, request picking, warehousing and get
together. The acknowledgment of the material stream forms
in the warehousing and request picking division is portrayed
by high volume of traffic from characterized sources to
characterized goals. This is a standard application region of
AGVS which as a rule requests high stacking limits. The heap
units are generally institutionalized beds, consequently the
vehicles are outfitted with standard stacking gadgets. Because
of the mentioned exhibition, these frameworks regularly
comprise of in excess of 100 vehicles. This requests a
modern focal controlling unit and advancing methodologies
for directing and way finding. Another region with a high
application pace of AGVS is mechanical production systems.
Right now load is inhomogeneous and evolving. In this way the
stacking gadgets must be fitted to the particular application.
The vehicle once ina while not just vehicles the heap starting
with one gettogether station then onto the next, yet speaks to
a gathering station itself. Right now vehicle can be considered
as a portable workbench. AGV can be utilized in a wide
assortment of uses to ship a wide range of kinds of material
including beds, moves, racks, trucks, and holders. Following
are the applications: Taking care of crude materials: AGVs
are ordinarily used to move crude materials, for example,
paper, steel, elastic, metal and plastic.

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