STUDENT'S BOOK 5 Herbert Puchta, Jeff Stranks & Peter Lewis-lonesWelcome p4 A Saying yes and adding conditions; get wed 0. Secrets oflove; Love and relationships B The bucket st; Verbs with-ingor infinitive; Issuing and accepting 2 challenge, Our greatest challenge; Phrases for aking about the future FUNCTIONS & SPEAKING (GRAMMAR eke a Soe is} Giving advice Past tense with hypothetical meaning | Sleep Pree Taking about dreams ‘Adverbs formodifying comparatves | dloms wth lp and dream zi Discussing sleeping habits inyour country Review Units 82 pages 28-29 : re I hd caer ier. Phat ea ‘feeling nervous Alternatives tof Expressions with luck " ‘Talking about luck | Wordwise: Expressions with over ry) aes bcoleg iow! gine PETAL CN Talking about famous comedians | Boosting Ieoms with augh and joke ere ns EN Sn. Se eae ‘Complaining , ‘Modals 1: may, might, can, “Admiration Discussing sports teams could, wil wont r Fame reasesteo./9 EE Review Units 5&6 pages64—65 = a Beet ry paler tae cenit enrcamrsand | engine Pon rooster sr prepoitons Personality) Talking about langsage a cer nr Review Units 7 &8 pages 82 SECT vagartm a eens ease eeseclteey Words: Bresson thon 7 = a SANPEETIRERIN ling boutigherucatonandjou | Pasive repr srucures Ue cher shal Review Units 9 & 10 pages 100-101 a Unit 11 Teling someone to keep calm “More onthe pasive (ob Getting angry Talkingabout2stcentury problems | Causative have review) Verbs wth prefies up and down Modal passives review) Begoesam as pa areca pa ae Fo tp Se he Tal sbow gry tended do WerdWieEpreson wth a rs Review Units 11 & 12 pages 118-119 Pronunciation pages 120-121 Get itright! pages 122-126 Speaking activities pages 127-128Cheering someone up and sympathising about past stuations; Life's up and downs helping hand: Adjectives to describe uncomfortable feelings; Taking about pasabilty D Introducing news; Ways of speaking: News mad? Verb + noun collocation wth mal, tke play, d, give Case and effect kes, Sharing news PRONUNCIATION THINK EER Me emea mee Ten ik ne a re | widely accepted theories page: People power to help you with your problems | alaetickieaiae Literature: ride ond Prejudice by Jane Austen | | Weting Anemall . “ ee ay Digenvaclpomocig oie ik Terkel [deg Haun wce eget epg is = —_ [ecm cir eughee Seeam ees Sateeemcetee ——Laayg Smeg (Beira epenen t LUnstressed words in connected Trainto Think: Behaviour | Reading Magazine article: My lucky break speech based on myths rather than Bog: Serendipity fete Photo story: The talisman Values:Howdowefeelabout Writing story [Yess Ho owe ots | I ren ihc bec md one Teg els ie paiang | Trane nic Diwgee alin RE Te ae? andpurchines | nking | ‘Article: The worl of comedy Shapp Khowsandh [Sereteemiagter ugg Tella tetby oom rome | Ustentg oles ‘Connected speech feature: | Trainto Think: Red herrings | Reading Article: Daredevil geatgreat granny; Gary Connery chsion Siteasenstetegabe ‘Article: Can you stand the silence? Report: ve been tothe quietest place on Earth Clue: Top woridwide locations for exteme sports Writing Anewspaper ate Us tervew with psychologist about th ‘Modal stress and meani ‘Train to Think: Making logical | Reading. Article: What's up with our celebrity o S| conchatons flog Artie: How to avoid the limelight Vekisa Tem Photostory Anew nteret Writing Anessay Listening Raclo programme: Manchester United fans around the world Connected speech feature: Tainto Think: | Reading Arte: Alston of fines fads assimilation | Understanding rony Blog: How would you define beauty? Literature: Rome and ule by Willam Shakespear; When you are oldby ‘Wa Bsr Vets, Some by Wiha Sakepeare | Weng Aformaleser Ustening Rac programme sbout beauty fads Stressinmult-syllable words: | Trainto Think: Making | Reading Article: The code talkers | oer Vang hebenty | | oumdue eee” connections ‘Article: Muliinguals have multiple personalities Values: Learning another ‘Clture: muliingual communities around the word | language Weiting Areport roma graph Listening Racio programme about accents Unsvesed pale and words | Tanto Tink Theed | Reading Aric: Micariagsofjatice the phoneme’ femme fallacy Book review: Whet Money Cant Buyby Michal} Sandel Self-esteem: Does the hotostory Saving Ms Hampton unishment tthe cme? | Writing An essay Panthers thecrine? | Utening Rado programme about Halden Prior, Norway | evil and non-escalfilers | Trainto Think: Doing Reading Review: whatwewatched.com your guide to las nights television rometingtorthe ght | Artic: Moos and what you proba don't now about rewons | Literature: Te Deyereomerby lan Mean Waiting Anessay | Self-esteem: The relative eee | importance ofhigher educaton | Usten a betters a ttl Inonation:mean whatyousty | Tranto Wink: Doaslsay not | Reading Arle Road rage? Pavement rage? Wh tame, hen? yey pide * Sag Amodentend ving igen ature The word int urconacted bes Valuer Modem ie Aad | ing Rate phone-in Scene and ora ofmodeie | iano Thnk Apropn enng Online poss Wace fe brces oe fot ae ky ets iadivain ote fo oe ieee ‘Writing Anewspaper article: Wg eter cee sateeciesiSaying yes and adding conditions [XDIEGA Read the dialogue and complete ‘each space with one word. Listen and check. 1 UAM This is hopeless. I give? KAT What's the problem? UAM This new smart TV. Ill never 2 used to it. KAT Why not? LAM. It'sjust so complicated. I's nothing lke the old one. KAT Have you read the manual? UAM_ Are you joking? Have you seen the size of it? I haver't got time. KAT Well, you!ll never know how to use it? youread it. LAM. No one reads manuals these days. uy ina acs ato 4 Complete the sentences with your own Cre ideas and then compare with a partner. KAT Didn't the man at the shop show you how ates rs 1 Illhelp you with your homework provided LAM: He ran > afew things with me and 2. You can borrow my laptop as long as pointed out the most important features, 3. Hlltell Mum what you did unless but... 4 Help me clear up this mess. Otherwise KAT But what? LIAM I don't think Iwas really listening. get used to kat Younever learn, do you? 1 Complete with the missing verbs then add some UAM Can youé alookatit for me? ideas of your own. You're good at things like this. a cleats iin KAT OK, Illlook into it” you promise i eee ee eetese eon Pace me one thing. People will never get used to LIAM: What's that? © __texting rather than speaking to others. KAT Iilgetittowork for youas*_as 1 videos on such a small screen, you eI photos ona phone. Complete Kat's last line. Compare with the a pani cline te Ptene eS er ie lass: 4 such a small keyboard. 5 BEEENSIIA Work in pairs and discuss. ‘ veto pict aa. 1 When was the last time you had a problem with 7 fechclogy? Whathappened? Didyeumanage > GIURNNIIW Work in pairs. Discus the latest tem of SUH do people uk jou ws IRR technology that you have. Talk about features: eee rote ‘© youve already got used to. 3 How easy do you find it to explain such things ‘* you're not used to yet. to other people? ‘* you think you'll never get used to.‘of love WELCOME 1. Read the essay quickly. What are the writer's grandfather's secrets to a successful marriage? 2. Read the essay again and answer the questions. 11 What did other people think about how quickly the writers grandparents got married? 2 Why does the writer's granddad say respect is important? 3. Why does he say patience is important? 4 What does he say about having children? 3 Work in pairs and decide what you think the secrets of a good friendship are. ‘My grandparents have been together for SO years. Its amazing. in’ it? | My grandad asked my grandma out when they were 18. He asked her | to marcy him tuo weeks later, she said 'yes' and they got engaged. They ‘were marted nine months after that, although everyone else thought they ‘were mad. His parents wamed him that it wouldn't last and predicted that they split up before they turned 20. Well they didn't. They proved. ‘everyone wrong and half a century on theyre moce in love than ever. I'm thinking of asking my girlfriend to marry me so | asked my granddad what the secret toa long and happy marriage isand if he had any advice. He had loads. One of the most important things, he said, was respect. Without respect, there's no chance ofa relationship surviving, You both have to be able to accept the other person for who they are and give them raom to do the things they need to do, He also highly recommended patience. He sad that it was impossible to lve with someone day in, day cout for 50 years without falling out occasionally. But, wth patience, he said that he and my grandma have always been abe to | work things out. He said that having children had been a really important part oftheir mariage. However, he said he belived it was something that shouldn't be rushed into. They'd waited ten years before starting a family, He felt it had given them plenty of time to realy gt to know each other. He also said that he knew many happy couples who hadn't had children. But the most important secret ofall he said. was something he couldn’ really put into words. It was the feeling he had when he fist saw my grandma. He sad that from that moment on he ew they’d be together forever. And he wasnt wrong. Love and relationships 4 Put the words in order to make questions. 1 Complete the rules with the missing words. Things not to say on a first date. start | out | over | fall | engaged | date it 1 Never____ in love with the same person twice. 2 Never introduce your new boylgirfriend to your family on your first 3 Dont___a family with someone you're not 2 3 4 to/ you! Do/ marry / want me /? want / How /you! children / many / do /? the /you/ pay / Can / meal for /? and / you /to / want mum / meet /Do/ my/dad/? MENA: 5. donit/weight /lose / Why /a//of /bit /you!? 4 Always get before you get married. (=) 5 GEIBGESS Work in pairs. 5 Never go__with your best friend's ex. af Student A: you went on a date with someone 6 Never ask someone outif you're not ‘who asked you questions 2 and 3 completely. __your ex. O Student B: you went on a date with someone ‘who asked you questions 4 and 5. 2 Doyou agree with these rules? Give each rule a score from \ ‘ 0-5 (0= completely disagree; 5 = completely agree). ‘Write your questions in reported question form. Then tell your partner about 3 ‘Work in pairs and discuss the rules. How similar your date, expanding on your reported or different are your scores? Where you have different ‘questions. Whose date was worse? scores, try to convince your partner of your opinion. He asked me if | wanted to marry him.B CHALLENGES The bucket list 1. EGRIEET Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions. 1) What isa bucket list? 2 Which of the things in the photos has Dharma already put on her bucket list? ba! 2 CBRE] Read the dialogue and complete it with the words in the list, There are two extra words. Then listen and check. coming | having | chance | problem | right | itonline bet | tocome | manage | reckon CONNOR DHARMA, CONNOR DHARMA, CONNOR DHARMA CONNOR DHARMA, ‘CONNOR DHARMA, CONNOR DHARMA, ‘CONNOR DHARMA, CONNOR DHARMA, CONNOR DHARMA, ‘What are you writing, Dharma? {fm just compiling a bucket list. ‘Awhat? Abbucket list. A list of things you need to do before a certain age. I'l be 20 ina few years'time so | thought Idtry | up with 20 things to do before I'm 20, Isn't that the sort of thing people do when they think they're getting old? Maybe, but | don't want to get to 20 and regret not 2 made the most of my teenage years. So what's on it? So far, not alot Let's see. Get a poem published in a national magazine. Do you? I could do that? Not _ ‘Your poems are easily good enough. Thanks. Then I've got to do a parachute jump. Cool, You could wear a helmet camera, record itll and then post 5_ That's not a bad idea. Ill addit to my ls. So what else have you got on your lst? The only other thing s to get more than 500 friends ‘on Facebook. That's too easy. Anyone can do that. ''m talking about real friends. 500 real friends. Then you've got no ® atall. You'll never 7_____ that. No one can have 500 real friends in their life. ‘Yeah, | think youre probably® __. But Ineed something on my lst. 'm running out of ideas. Maybe you could help. 3. Workin pairs. Help Dharma with her list. Think of five more things she could put on it. : Verbs with -ing or infinitive Here are some of the things that Dharma’s parachute instructor said to her. Complete ‘them with the correct form of the verb = in brackets. 51 Don't forget count) to three before you jump out ofthe plane 2 Thisis something you'll remember €o) forthe rest of your life. 3 Stop__(worry). I's perfectly sae. Try __(take)adeep breath and see ifthat helps calm you down, 5 Iregret___(say) that it’s too cloudy to make ajump today. Issuing and accepting a challenge 1 Match the sentences 1~4 with possible replies a-f. There may be more than one possibility. 1 I challenge you to sing a song in English. 2 Doyou reckon you could spend a day without going online? 3. I bet you can't think of four countries that begin with'M: 4 Ibet | can hold my breath for more than a minute I think you're (probably) right. That's too easy. bet can, You'll never manage to do it. Ofcourse I ean. I'm sure I could. me anee 2 Write down five challenges that your partner could do in class. » Work in pairs and challenge each other.WELCOME Our greatest challenge 1. Read the blog quickly. What does the writer believe is our greatest challenge? tty {rm only 20 years old and ve got a but ithad always baen denied onthe really bad fling about the future rounds thatthe area they want to of our world. |know that sounds ery develop i a protected breeding ste amat, but sometimes ust cant for thousands of seals. | alnays 22 that there's realy that much to look imagined that ‘protected’ meant forward to. The way ihings are going, the and could never be touched. it's very kel there't be nothing lt of Apparent, doesn't. Te developers the natural word for our randciGren must have found the ight amount of ‘ony. keep honing that we money neded to get that s0-caled finally come to ou senses and start. protection ited. fercay protecting al at We Rave ede that more than ever our lt, but evry time I ee the news, Se there mor ses a te Ste wr fom mars oe. destruction four planet. I's otto the Yd doers blong to @ power point now where | dread opening the newspaper. The latest story that got ‘me worked up was about a gof course that they're about to start building up the coast from where | ne. They've ‘been trying to get permission for years, 2. Read the blog again and answer the questions. 1 about the world? What story did the writer read about recently that has got her so concerned ‘ow, Itisn't theirs to expat. This word belongs to all of us — every man, woman and cil; every animal, bil ‘and insect. Ths is a challenge that we must meet now if there's any hope for the future of our word. Phrases for talking about the future 1 EEEENSNTA Work in pairs. Read these imaginary news headlines and discuss them. Do they refer to good or bad news? Why? Can you agree on a ranking of the stories from 1 to 5 (1 = the worst news; 5 = the best news)? 2. Why's she so upset about it? 1 Manchester United are about to sign Neymar. 3 Wie te believe the world 2. The prime minister is off to Egypt for peace talks. 3. Theice caps are on the point of disappearing forever. 3 BART eee 4 University fees oe likly to increase by 20% next year with? Why? 5 This winter is certain to be the coldest in 20 years. 3 Complete the sentences sothat they're 2 Match the words in italics in Exercise 1 with their meaning. true for you. will definitely [| will happen very soon fil [ ‘What's wrong in the world will probably [| isgoingsomewheretodosomething | | De en er yeaa ee 3. Think of three current news stories about the near future 2. Imalso a bit unsure about... eral conpolane she senate 3. 'mreally worried about ... ‘i sons job foul agit ssmidsmiabeak bo ae = The hope | have for the world bi bar, 4 I've gota really good feeling about 2 1 itll pone GE 5. feel quite positive about iB kaha a 6 I believe our greatest challenge is... sey 3 alae ae 4 ‘Work in pairs. Compare 4 ‘Work in pairs. Compare your sentences and decide who has the best news story and who has the worst.C EMPATHISING Cheering someone up and sympathising about past situations 1 EDIRIEY Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions. 1 Why is Jim miserable? 2 What does Ella promise him for the next time? 2. EBIEIN Read the dialogue and complete it. Listen again and check. aA _.,Jim. You look miserable. JIM Lam miserable. ELLA Poor you. What's up? JIM My driving test. ELLA Oh? - Soi didn't go well then? JIM Well thought I did fine, but it? that | drove too slowly and that's enough to fal, apparently. ELLA Whata shame. m so sorry, want to pass. JIM And now I've got to the exam... Justthe thought ofit®____ me FLLA know, buttrynottoletit® ____you JIM Ljust fee like Ive 7 my friends ELLA Why? JIM Well, everyone was relying on me to be the first to pass so that | could drive us all to parties and things at the weekend, ELLA Look, don't yourself. You did your best and that's all you can do. Sometimes things just don't ____the way we hope. JIM _ I know. You're right. just wish Id been abit less confident and a bit more careful. ELLA Dontt @ ‘going to pass next time for sur. JIM Thanks, Ella. You're a really good friend. | hope you know that. 1. know how much you the whole process again. The lessons, booking the exam, doing _..on it. What's done is done. You're 3 BERXSN Work in pairs. What would you say to Jim to cheer him up? 4 Match 1-8 with a-h to form expressions for cheering someone up or expressing sympathy. 1 Oh a you 2 Whata b terrible 3. Poor < getyoudown 4 How d there 5 Cheer © the bright side 6 Hangin # dear 7 Don'tletit 8 up 8 Look on h shame 5 BEEIHINA Work in pairs. Choose one of the situations below and write a dialogue of 8-10 lines between the person who's upset and the person who's trying to make them feel better. 1 You really thought you had a chance of getting into the school football team, but the coach didn't seem to agree and you haven't been picked. 2 You were off on holiday, but on the way to the airport you got stuck in trafic and you missed your fight. You've had to return home as there isn't another fight for a week. 3. You got a bike for your birthday, but the first time you went on it, you fell of, broke your leg and completely ruined the bike. Life's ups and downs 1 Complete the questions with the words in the list. There are two extra words. get | taken | let | wants | blamed | hardest way | expectations 1 When was the last time jou felt nothing was goingyour 2 Have you ever someone for something and then found out that they didn't do it? What was it? Did you apologise? 3 Canyou think ofatime when you someone down? 4 Have youevertried your__ todo something and still not succeeded? What was it? Did you give up or keep on trying? 5 Can you think of something that didnt live uptoyour___? What wast? 6 What things tend to_ inyour way when you're trying to study? 2 ‘Work in pairs and discuss the ‘questions. Give details.WELCOME A helping hand 1 Read the article quickly and put the suggested titles in order from most to least suitable for you. ‘The kindness of strangers _] Anightmare flight Life with an autistic child Loli din metho ladle leer algd Tee Ce are times when i's more fun than you can possibly imagine and etd jation that | _new bestfriend. I never gc Ce eee ea boarded an aeroplane with re eee Cee ee en tat es Te ee eo) can't help feeling alittle guilty when other parents look at you as if to knowing that there would be the duration ofthe fight his jou should be doing more to keep your child under contol. omeone who knew nothin ears Ree cr time my son threatened t a eC eT Sear and understanding ee ey eer Oe a ees Cnet: ne plane had even taker See Ces ay Tr Se PR 1S a eget eee ie ee f in Ree ec ae ence ee era 2 Read the article again and answer the questions. Talking about past ability 1 How does the writer describe life with an autistic child? 1) Which ofthese things might the 2. Howwas she feeling about the flight and why? ierkhiges hav subd to his wife when 3 How did the stranger help her child? he got home after the flight? Tick 4 How do you think you'd have reacted if you'd been sitting next all that apply. Then compare with to the child? How would you have felt? partner. 1. Imanaged to watch three films. Adjectives to describe uncomfortable feelings 2 gota good night’ sleep 3 Between us, we were able to get, 1. Complete the sentences with the words in the list. enter stuck | guilty | ashamed | awkward | puzzled | desperate incase i pS 1 Itwas quite an embarrassing situation and I felt abit 5 Imanaged to keep the lttle boy 2. Even though Id done nothing wrong, I stil elt___for happy. some reason. 6 Isucceeded in finding that 3. The situation was serious. | had absolutely no idea what to do. perfume you like at the was and started to panic. duty-free shop. 4 Itwas a really strange situation. How could it have happened? 2 Work in pairs. Imagine you've just been ona terrible flight. Agree together on all of the things that went wrong. Complete the Iwas I had no idea how to solve the problem. | was 6 Why did I do it? Ive no idea. It wasnt like me at all and I felt of myself sentences. 2 EGESEIA Work in pairs. Think of specific situations (real or 1 lonlymanaged... 4 Iwas able imaginary) for each of the adjectives in Exercise 1. 2 Ididnt succeed... 5 Ididnit 3. Iwasn'table... manage {once called my teacher by the wrong name. felt quite awlward.D BUT IS IT NEWS? 3 ioe Introducing news as 1 Does your schoo! have a school newspaper? Ifso, what ‘4 Match the sentence halves. kind of stories does it feature? Do you read it? 1 Have you Oo 2. Read the dialogue and complete it with the words in the f ornate eed seue ee list. There are four extra words. 7 ae 1 make | time | made | run | out | done | told ; ~ certainly | about | keep | exactly | up $ pap ce paveepsneveH 1 3h ‘ABI Have you heard ' Mr Bowden? a MrErrington? NICK No, what's he done? b what? ‘ABI He's finally announced that he's getting married to ¢ what | heard, Miss Millington, heard? NICK. So the school's most scandalous secrets finally © know... 2 ieee 5 Put the lines in order to make the ‘ABI I guess dialogue. NICK. Well, suppose t's? wwe put him in the peril ape [_] A Absolutely. Let's organise one from nei SeiSe the whole cass. NICK. Ithink we should 4 a story on them in this _., & Have you heard about Mr Errington? momvediton: [SA Yes, itwas. He'sin hospital ‘ABI Its hardly news, ist? [7] A. He's broken his leg and has cuts and NICK. Well, they/re both teachers here. think we could do AP es a really funny piece on them about how they've tried [_] A Apparently, he's been in a car crash. to>__ their romance quiet when al along we [18 Thatsawful. Howishe? allknew, [=| 8 No, what happened? ‘ABI There's no way that's news story. [glee Noweiweck eeu? NICK tis. Thisis® ____the kind of news story we want. q 3 Good idea, Do you know how many complaints were 7_ |B We havetto send him a card. about last months edition? Students are bored with 2 reading about exam results and whether or not we're ‘6 Work in pairs. Choose one of going to geta swimming pool. They want abit of the expressions from Exercise 4 and use it gossip about their teachers. to start a short dialogue (8-10 lines). ‘ABI Well just lke to say that 'm really against running this story. Ways of speaking NICK Well, 'm not and as editor of the magazine, I get the Sil sepiTae story tegokig it: My rinc’s nade 1 Complete the school news story headlines ‘ with the missing verbsin the correct form. There are three extra words. introduce | apologise | recommend | warn confess | complain | regret | announce 1. Local residents about students! behaviour walking to school 2 Miss Green ____six books that al Year 8 students should read over the summer holidays 3. Headmaster__new Maths teacher 4 Mr Williams his retirement at the end of the year 5 Student to painting graffition » school walls 2 Work in pairs. Decide which of the stories in Exercise 1 you'd put in the school newspaper. Give your reasons.News mad? 1 Read the blog entry quickly. What does the writer suggest & means? Is it just me or has the world gone news mad? It's so easy to get word out these days that every time you turn on a screen there's. news waiting tobe read or heard. There's no ‘escaping it. Just turn on the TV. There are so many 24-hour news channels all competing with each other to see who can get toa story first. I could swear sometimes they break the news before it’s even happened. ‘And when there’s no breaking news I find ‘myself panicking. What’s happened? Is the world stil out there? In fact, I'm beginning to fear that I may hhave become addicted to news. I spend far too much time checking every news feed that appears on my internet browser when I should be working, and as a result I find But it’s not just world news which invades our every waking moment; people’s personal news is equally omnipresent. With social media it's so easy to keep in touch with every friend you've ever made in your life. Just post what you've been up to on your wall and with one click of a button, everyone who knows you, knows what you've been up to, whether or not they even really care. And it’s ust as easy for them to comment immediately on your news — anything from a simple & (which means they can't really be bothered) to a 140-character summary of what they really think. Be careful, though; say stupid and before you know it, it's been retweeted halfway around the world. Consequently, you've become myself working way past midnight in order en wot ina good way. to meet my deadlines. And then, of course, it’s a new day with new news to catch up on. 2. Read the blog again and answer the questions. Cause and effect linkers 1 How does the writer feel when there's no breaking Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. 2 Howishis addiction tonewsafectinghis workinghfe?_' Jne yeaer asso fad tat te peseists plane 3 What warning does the writer give about tweeting? 2 There will be another election as no single party 4 Which, if any, of the writer's opinions do you agree ‘won enough votes. (consequently) with? Explain your reasons. 3. The Queen has cancelled the dinner as she is not well. (because) Verb + noun collocations with make, 4 So many people protested tiihthe ptertment take, play, do, give 11 Complete the news headlines with the present © Sharing news simple form of make, take, play, do, or give. Prime Minster _ have cancelled their plans. (asa result of) 1 Complete the sentences with the words in the "- aspeech to parliament list. There are three extra words. 2. Overseas visitors to the USA. advantage of ies | brad ata gai) "gne Bas weak dollar ee [aoe n next World C 5 salbldesemamaa lie ASHoORS: ae 1. You're going to be late home. How do you 4 Britain ‘a deal with Europe over immigration atconienaeiet 5. Government advice from Green Party on A eye, i NOH a Piece owe 4 3. Your mum asks you to__ona message 6 BillGates__"_apartin peace talks to your Bae HONGO VON OE 7 Record number of people _ complaints to 4 Youneedto___in touch with your best BBC about programme friend immediately. How do you do it? 2. BERNA Work in pairs. Make news headlines 5 Noniecone ae en ae ta using these four verb / noun pairs. EUS Bae eee RCE Oe make progress | give money | do research 2 Work in pairs and discuss the take revenge questions. uR READING 1 Read what these children say. Who do you think is speaking: the oldest or the youngest child? Discuss in pairs and give reasons. 1 Hes always telling on me. 2 She can be really mean to me. ‘They used to give me all ir atlestion 4 Mum and Dad spoil her ‘Mum and Dad don’t seem to care about how | do at school, 6 << Hes always messing about Work in pairs. Think of more complaints that oldest and youngest children might have about their brothers and sisters. How might things change for the boys in photo 1 if they suddenly find they have a younger sister? Read the article on page 13 quickly and check your ideas. OBJECTIVES FUNCTIONS: using emotive language cranman: talking about habits; adverbs to express atitude ‘vocasutany: personality (1); personal confit [CDIKGE Read the article again. Where do these sentences come from? Match with A-E in the article. There are three you won't use. Then listen and check. 1. The science of how birth order affects personality is relatively new and still surrounded in controversy. 2 They'll have their parents’ sole attention forever and equally all of their parents’ energies are channelled towards them exclusively. 3. It'sa very long list, because, of course, there are so many variables that can be taken into consideration. 4 There'll be no more opportunities to ‘get it right’ and by virtue of being the youngest, their newest offspring may well be more demanding, relatively speaking. 5 They'll always be lonely and their self-esteem may suffer as aresult. 6 However, this is usually accompanied by high expectations as new parents are keen to see their child do well and the eldest child, for their part, is generally keen to meet these expectations. 7 And parents often get angry ifthey don't feel that their child is doing as well as they believe they should be. 8 One of the most common ways to achieve this is by making people laugh and second children are frequently the jokers, of the family. 5 Work in pairs. Discuss the following questions. 1. Where do you come in your family? Which parts of the description, if any fit you? What about your brothers and sisters? 2 How important do you think birth order is compared to ‘other factors in determining personality? Give examples. —_—i eldest For as ong as they remain the only cil, the eldest enjoys thelr parents’ undivided attention, [B] AS a result eldest children tend tobe respecttul and traction, following the examples setby their parents ‘The problems arse with the aval of another child. Suddenly, the attention they're used to receiving diminishes. As a consequence, the first-born feels insecure and wily to resotve this by doing all they can to make their parents happy. Research suggests that this might lead them to achieve great things, but regardless of what 0 THINK The Pecking Order BROTHERS AND SISTERS CRU eC ep cy your personality been determined by social, genetic and geographical factors; by the era you were born into, or just by pure luck? {A} There is, however, one simple Ne eg ee ce an a ec) De) Pee they've actually accomplished, they might also fee! that they're never good enough. oor The second child has no experience of ite without a sibling so they never know how it feels to suddenly have to share the attention, They/l ypcaly look at ther wel-behaved elder brother or sister and decide one of ‘wo tings: they'l ether strive tobe better = which can spur them onto succeed in le — or more commonly, they'l choose to be the complete opposite. they decide to adopt the later approach, then they'l tend {abe more uncorwentional and rebelious, with fess concer fo the way things ‘shou ‘be done. They're also often more outgoing ‘and constant looking for way to atract attention. [C] ‘Again, problems can emerge when another bey aves. Suddenly the second child becomes the middle chid and may ose a ‘lear sense of whee they fin They tend not tobe the subjct oftheir parents high expectations ~ the burden of many edest ction —but, equal, they n longer enjoy the eta attention that comes from being the youngest. Questioning widely accepted theories Although we often draw conclusions based on what we've read, heard or observed, itdoes not mean these conclusions are always 100% correct. The article talks about personality traits that relate to a person's position in the family. There will aways be plenty of exceptions. 1 Which of these examples contradict claims made in the article? 1. My youngest child Tom is so thoughtful. Ifhe knows his elder brother Jackis revising for exams, he'll always put on his headphones. 2. Oliver's our eldest. He wants to be a doctor, just lke his dad. 3 Mum and Dad weren't too bothered by my low grades at school and asm an only child there was no brother or sister to be compared to. The youngest child ‘Wit the bith of their fina baby, parents wil often fee! this is their last chance to bring up ‘chil, [D] This means the youngest child, more often than not, is spit with attention ‘and affection, This can led them to be rather sel-cenred, believing thatthe world revolves around them. Always being treated 4s the ‘baby ofthe family can also result in the youngest child lacking motivation and underachieving. Buti an effort to break new ground i the battle for their parents attention, youngest children also tend to be outgoing, charming and creative COniy children are similar to eldest children in that theyre eager to please their parents and tend to copy ther parents’ behaviour The difference lis inthe fact that they never have to experience the aval of another child. E] This makes ther bond with thelr parents even stronger and ony children tend tobe very confident in social situations, even around adults. However, as they grow older they may feel that this relationship is too intense and can therefore be quite keen to leave home as soon as possible Work in pairs. k of people you know who contradict the claims mad the article. Workin pairs. What other theories about personality have you heard or read about? Can you think of people you know who contradict these theories?“4 GRAMMAR Talking about habits 1 Match the example sentences with the descriptions. Then complete the rule. They'll typically look at their well-behaved elder brother or sister and decide one of two things. He's always telling on me. They used to give me all their attention. Eldest children tend to be respectful and traditional. __] Talks about a habit in the past. b | Expresses iritation about the habit of another person. © Uses a future construction to talk about what we might expect from someone's behaviour. d Talks about something that is often (but not always) true. | RULE: There are a number of ways we can talk about habits: F would + infinitive to talk about habits in the past © ahvays+?_ tense to refer to behaviour which iritates us +) + infnive to refer to habits in general (not future) © (not) t0+ infinitive to refer to the way a person islikely to behave. 2 Complete each space in the text with one word. My little brother realy used * annoy me and I mean really annoy me! Every litle thing he did, every little noise he made with his mouth and every little thing he said?__ drive me crazy. We 3__to fightall the time and get in big trouble \with our parents. It always ended up with both of us being grounded. It was terible. These days things have improved and we tend * get on alot better. |'mnot sure what changed, but | probably worked out that life would be a lot less stressful if! could try and find him less irritating, Its not always easy. I mean, he still__to say silly stuff and I find myself getting annoyed, but |¢___just get up and walk away now. There is one thing that does get me really angry, though. He's” ___walking into my bedroom without knocking, despite the big ‘Keep Out’ sign on the door. When he does that, | tell him to ‘get lost. He knows | mean it and tends ® tohang about. I's important to make sure that he still knows who's boss! EMINEM Look at the cartoon. What are the dog and the cat thinking? Write three sentences for ‘each. Use the structures for talking about habits from Exercise 1. VOCABULARY Personality (1) 1 According to the article on page 13, which child (€ldest, second, youngest or only) tends to be: 1 traditional? 5. rebellious? 2 insecure? 6 respectful? 3. unconventional? 7 outgoing? 4 demanding? 8 self-centred? Which adjective describes someone who: shows admiration and consideration for someone? doesn't do things in the usual or expected way? only thinks about themselves? likes to cause trouble by not doing as they're told? doesn't lke change very much? Is very sociable? expects alot of time and attention from others? often feels very unsure of themselves? EXERT Write five sentences about the habits of people you know. Use personality adjectives. My sister is really outgoing. She loves talking to people and she knows everyone at school. Read your sentences to your partner but don't say the personality adjective! Can your partner guess the adjective?LISTENING 1. BEEBNMIN Look at the photo and read the magazine listing. Discuss in pairs and make notes. 1 Howdo you think the people in the photo are related? 2. What do you think they/re talking about? 3. Howare they feeling? Why? 2 Listen to a scene from The Street. Check your predictions from Exercise 1. 3 EDEEI Listen again and mark the statements T (true) or F (false). Shreyas surprised when Rahul returns home. Shreya wants to go and live with her brother. Maya and Shreya haven't been in touch for over a year Maya and Shreya fell out over a boy. Shreya says her brother, Samir isnt happy about her decision. Shreya wants to leave because of a boy. 7. Shreya's dad doesn't understand why Shreya needs to go. 8 We discover something terrible about Shreya's brother, Samir, at the end. FUNCTIONS Using emotive language 1. Look at the sentences from the listening. Who says each one, Rahul or Shreya? I'm sick of this place. 'm sick of my dead-end job. b But what about your job? You can't just walk out on that. € Idon't understand, Shreya. Why didn't you tell me? 4. And do need to move out, Dad. really do. ‘¢ Tell me you haver't done that. £ Itsthat boy, isntit? 2. Match each of the sentences with the emotive technique it uses. 1. [J question tags repetition of a word (or phrase) 3. |_| rhetorical questions (questions for which you don't expect an answer) 4 |_| emphatic use of the auxiliary verb in positive statements 5 |_| phrases such as tellme, I don'tunderstand, you can't be Serious or you must be joking 3 Work in pairs. Remind yourselves how the scene ended and then write the next eight lines of dialogue. Use emotive language. Ld dhe) Intonation: showing emotions Go to page 120. \ scoccecceerae eet eas 1 BROTHERS AND SISTERS 7.30 — 8pm The Street Rahul finally finds out why Shreya’s been acting so strangely and he's not happy. But how will she react when she finds out his news? ‘More shocks and drama from our favourite soap opera. MTHINK VALUES Relationships 1 Think about your family and ‘your friends. Giving examples to support your choices, write about someone who: 1 you-can tell anything to. 2 youfind it difficult to talk to 3. isreally un to be with 4. is quite boring to be with. 5 youhave the most in common with. 6 youhave the least in common with 7. knows you the best. 8 doesn'tknow you atall. 2 Work in pairs. What could you do to improve your relationship with one of the people you wrote about in questions 2, 4, 60r 8? Take turns to suggest some ideas to your partner. Would you be interested in trying any of these ideas? Why (not)? 15READING 1. Make a list of problems you might have if you were at the same school as your brother or sister. Compare with a partner. 2. Read the web page quickly. What two problems does it describe? 3. Read the web page again. Put the advice for each problem in order of usefulness. Compare with a partner. What extra advice would you give? SPEAKING Work in groups of four. Take turns to talk about a problem you have with a brother or sister. This can be real or imaginary. Give each other advice on how to deal with the problem. Think about: ‘what exactly it is they do. ‘© how to describe their behaviour. ‘© how this makes you feel ‘© what you've done to try and improve the situation, how they've reacted to this. ‘© what tactics you might try in the future. ea Cs es Pee ee ne Nd Se a eee eee ea annoyingly he doesn't seem to get that school is different from home. He and his friends seem to think it’s funny to follow me around and try and embarrass me. At first, my friends thought it was quite funny, but now he’s really starting to get on ‘their nerves too. I've spoken to my parents and they had a word with him, but De a De ee soa an Can Pe ee ee a en ae ce Jgnore him ~ thats the key. Obviously, you'd like him to stop right away, but | reckon the more he sees how much his behaviour annoys you, the more he'll keep on doing it Pay no attention. He'l soon get bored and realise i's much more fun to hang out with people in his own year than to pester his older brother. Jennys Tum the tables on him. Follow him around and see how he likes it. Surely you ‘know enough embarrassing things about him that you could share with his friends to ‘make his life miserable! Cheeseman Have another chat with him. Explain to him why it upsets you and ask him how he'd fee! if you did the same to him. Hopefully, he's mature enough to understand. ‘Sandybob Tee ee ee Cnt with boys and always worn jeans and T-shirts. 've never seen it as a problem, but De eee er ee a ee et eg Pee a cen ee et ey ‘make-up but she just laughed and told me to stop being silly. Should I just let her ern etic Laureng2 Wow, she's lucky to have a sister like you. You've certainly ot your eye on her. Understandably you're ‘concerned, but | don't think you can really force her to be a certain way. Al | can suggest is that you continue to make sure she's OK and be therefor her it and when she really needs you. J895 Let her be. She's still only 13. Regrettably, these days there's enormous pressure on gis to grow up too quickly. Let your sister enjoy her childhood while ‘she still can. JoKenny ‘Are you serious?! | think you're the one with the ‘problem. Surely, we should be encouraging our {younger siblings to be whoever they want to be. We shouldn't be forcing them to conform to old- fashioned stereotypes! SassygirlGRAMMAR Adverbs to express attitude 1 Complete the sentences with the words in the list. Check your answers in the web page. annoyingly | regrettably | admittedly | hopefully 1 , she doesnt seem to be bothered. 1 BROTHERS AND SISTERS ‘Change the underlined word into an adverb and use it to make one sentence. My sister’ always using my hair straighteners ind this quite annoying. ‘My brother might lend me his acket:Ilive 2 he doesn't seem to get that school is different a from home. inhope. i area oe De aera anal 3. I didn't learn a musical instrument when Iwas 4 thesecdays thent’sesioraious please oh guts: younger. egret this now. to grow up too quickly. 2 Find five more examples of adverbs to express attitude in the web page and use them to complete the rule. RULE: Words like annoyingly, regrettably, admittedly, pfeil A eh sap seem a ropes 1, $e eon alate io det 93 hegre Used to express how we feel about what we're saying. ‘We usually put them at the start of the clause. I'm good at languages, but my sister is better than me at Maths. This is something I have to admit. My brother says he's too busy to help me with my homework. 'm sure he could spare half an hour if he really wanted to. would never hurt my sister. I'm being honest about this. 7 My brother is jealous of me. I's obvious. 8 You're angry with me for being mean to my sister. understand that. [Workbook page tt VOCABULARY 2. Circle the correct words to complete the expressions. Personal conflict 1 Mr Thomas is making my life / time / days miserable. He's always picking on me. erat nae eel eae 2. The teacher had words with / to / on Tim about his behaviour web page to help you. ar My litle brother really gets on 3 Never reply to an angry email immediately incase you 2 Mum said shewantstohavea |_| say | reply /tellomething you might regret. 2 Please dont say anything Youtl 4 Thate the way she's always interrupting me. really > ‘only make {pel gets / goes / puts on my nerves. 4 Stop doing that before I say 5. She's got her eye on / at / for you, so be careful something il 6 Iwas only trying to help, but judging by her reaction, 5 Pri chesatipas ieevthe o I think Fve just done / made / caused things worse. E 6 Myelder brother made QQ 7 flan wants to spend all his money, just let him a 7 Why don't you just let i alone | be / do. i's his money, not yours. a ahve gotiny, oO 8. was tired of Jim always borrowing my phone, so a turned / switched / placed the tables on him by leaving a a word with me. What could it be?! mine at home and borrowing his all day. b Imight regret. . Si cb i seb: 3. BEES Complete the questions with the missing words : and then discuss them with a partner. _ him be and get on with your own life? Biereon you so Gaiety TES 1. What sort of things really get on your 2 anything silly. 2. Have you ever said anything you later 2 What was it tables on her and see how she likes it. and what was the consequence? 3 Have you ever had to have a with someone?’ a e ae when he keeps asking me Wega, Sea ‘Why things worse for me. 4 Can you think of a time when you tried to help someone but only made things___? What happened? 5. What sort of things would make your life 7a ‘What do you think might be the pleasures and the difficulties of being part of a family with either five sisters or five brothers? [CDNIEEY Read and listen to the extract. What do you learn about the relationship between Jane and Elizabeth, and about their individual characters? Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen - ‘Mr and Mrs Bennet, who live in Longbourn, are not very rich. They have five daughters ~ Jane, Elizabeth, Mary, Lydia and Kitty - and hope to see them all married. Lydia had run away with a soldier but then married him. Elizabeth has a love-hate relationship with the rich but (in her opinion) arrogant Mr Darcy. Mr Darcy’s wealthy friend, Mr Bingley, loves Jane but Mr Bingley’s sisters do not like her very much. Darcy has just helped Bingley to propose to Jane and she has happily accepted him. Bingley, from this time, was of course a daily visitor at Longbourn, coming frequently before breakfast, and always remaining tll after supper [...). Elizabeth had now but little time for conversation with her sister; for while he was present, Jane had no attention to bestow on anyone else; but she found herself considerably useful to both of them in those hours of separation that must sometimes occur. In the absence of Jane, he always attached himself to Elizabeth, for the pleasure of talking of her; and when Bingley was gone, Jane constantly sought the same means of relief. “He has made me so happy,’ said she, one evening, ‘by telling me that he was totally ignorant of my being in London last spring! I had not believed it possible? ‘Tsuspected as much,’ replied Elizabeth. ‘But how did he aétount ft it?” ‘Tt must have been his sister’s doing. They were certainly not very pleased about his aéquaifitaiice with me, which T cannot wonder at, since he might have chosen so much more advantageously in many respects. But when they see, as Itrust they will, that their brother is happy with me, they will learn to be contented, and we shall be on good terms again; though we can never be what we once were to each other.” “That is the most unforgiving speech,’ said Elizabeth, ‘that I ever heard you speak. Good girl! It would upset me, indeed, to see you again being misled by Miss Bingley’s pretended good opinion.’ “Would you believe it, Lizzy, that when he went to town last November, he really loved me, and nothing but a persuasion of my being indifferent would have prevented his coming down again!” “He made alittle mistake to be sure; but itis to the credit of his modesty. [..] Elizabeth was pleased to find that Bingley had not said anything about the interference of Mr Darcy; for, though Jane had the most generous and forgiving heart in the world, she knew it was a circumstance which would make her think badly of him. ‘Lam certainly the most fortunate creature that ever existed!” cried Jane. ‘Oh! Lizzy, why am I singled out like this from my family, and blessed above them all IfI could only see you as happy! If there were only such another man for you!” ‘If you were to give me forty such men, I never could be so happy as you. Till I have your disposition, your ‘goodness, I never can have your happiness. No, no, let me look after myself; and, perhaps, if Thave very good luck, Tmay meet with another Mr Collins in time.” The situation of affairs in the Longhourn family could not be long a secret. Mrs Bennet was privileged to whisper it ‘to Mrs Phillips, and she took the opportunity, without any permission, to do the same to all her neighbours in Meryton. The Bennets were speedily pronounced to be the luckiest family in the world, though only a few weeks before, when Lydia had first run away, they had been generally believed to be marked out for misfortune. Read the extract again and answer the questions. In what way was Elizabeth useful to both her sister and to Mr Bingley? How did Bingley's sister feel about his relationship with Jane? ‘What does Jane hope will happen in the future with Bingley’s sister? ‘What does Elizabeth think about Jane's attitude towards Miss Bingley? Why is Elizabeth happy that Jane does not know of Darcy's involvement inher relationship with Bingley? What does Jane wish for Elizabeth? ind why?the extract with the defini explain knowing (or meeting) another person (n.) someone's natural personality tried to find; looked for not caring; apathetic get on well, have a good relationship knew absolutely nothing eNeusune WRITING Anemi 1 Read the email and answer the questions. 1 Hows the writer related to Sam? 2 How was Sam’ relationship with his siblings when. he was young? What reason is given for this? 3 How did Sam fall out of favour with his family? 4 What things happened in Sam life that his parents never knew about? 5 What is the writer now determined to do? Dear Diana, | tink told you my great-aunt May ied recently. She was very old ~ oer a hundred, believe. | was hebing my mother lear out some of her things when we came across some real interesting papers all about her brother Sam, my great-uncle. head few things ‘about him fram my grandmather over the years, but onthe whole he was talked about much inthe fay He was the youngest of five cidren and generaly considered tobe the favour of my reat-grandparents. think te oer fete was quit spit. ‘Anyway, there was a rumour that he'd done something tribe and that's wh his name was never mentioned, But my mother had ‘never really known whatit was for sure. Wel, quess what — we found out everyting ina smal leather briefcase in my grea-aunt's atc, May was the ony family member that he'd kept in touch wth ‘and he'd written her dozens of letters over the years ‘ttums out that, apparent, he was a conscientious objctor in ‘World Warland had fused to fight, He was 18 when the war broke out and is parents obvious fe that he'd brought great ‘shame on the fami, They set him away to ive witha distant ‘elatve in the Sootsh Highlands. He eventualy became @poiceman ‘and made quite a name for hse In the briefcase, thee were loads of newspaper outings about things hed dane and even a ‘medal het won for bravery. ‘adh, it seems he never made up wt his parents and they never got ‘to moet any ofthe fv chien he went onto have ve now made It my mission o try and hd some of my missing Sootish relates, keep you posted on what find out Have you ever made any Interesting discoveries about people in your family? Must un but looking forward o hearing from you soon! Lots of ve, Helen ‘Match the highlighted words or phrases chose someone (or something) for special attention or privilege 1 BROTHERS AND SISTERS 5 SENSING Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1. Which of the two - Jane or Elizabeth — do you think is older? Why? 2. Imagine you are Jane and someone asks you about Elizabeth’ personality. How would you describe her? 3. What evidence is there in the extract that Jane and Elizabeth have a very close relationship? Read the email again. In what order is the following information mentioned in the email? | what she plans to do with this information |__| what the scandal was |__| how she made the discovery about her great-uncle |__| the consequence of the scandal |__| the litte she already knew about her great-uncle the evidence she found about his life ‘Complete with the missing words. Then check in ‘the email. What effect do the missing words and expressions have on the sentences? 1 I told you my great-aunt May died recently. 2. Shewasvery old -overa hundred, : 3. Anyway, that he'd done something terrible. 4 My mother had known what it was ge es 5 Itturns out that he was a conscientious objector. 6 Sadly, he never made up with his parents. Use the words and expressions from Exercise 3 to make these sentences less certain. 1 Hewasn't very well liked by other members of the family. 2 Hewasa hero in the First World War. 3. I met my great-aunt when I was very young, but | don't really remember it. 4 Hed spent some years in prison. 5 Inever found outifit was true. 6 Itturns out that he never knew he had a twin brother. Do the task. ‘You have recently found out about an interesting relative of yours. Write an email toa friend (220-260 words) about the ‘relative, Write about: ‘+ how the person is elated to you * how they got on with other members ofthe fami ‘© what they did that was interesting,READING 1. Read the quizat the bottom of the page and choose your answers. 2 Work in pairs. Compare your answers and decide who's the best sleeper. [DIKE Read and listen to the magazine article on page 21 and mark these sentences T (true), F (false) or DS (doesn't say). ‘Approximately haf of US teens are getting les than seven hours'sleep a night. Girls tend to spend more time sleeping than boys. ‘One teen in every ive says they fall asleep in class atleast once a week Colds are more common among teens who sleep too much There are also psychological reasons why teens tend to be sleep-deprived, If schools opened later, fewer teens would arrive late. ‘Afternoon naps can have health benefits for teenagers. Teenagers would benefit from going to bed at the same time every night. 3. You turned off your ligt half an hour a) only my mind wasn't on OBJECTIVES FUNCTIONS: giving advice GRAMMAR: past tense with hypothetical meaning; adverbs for modifying comparatives ‘VocaBULARY: sleep; idioms with sleep and dream 4° BENS Work in pairs and discuss the following questions. 1 How many hours sleep do you usually get? Do you feel it's too little, to much or Just right? 2. How regular are your sleep patterns? 3. What time does your school day start? Would you be in favour of later / earlier starting times? Why (not)? ago. You think .. that computer game, You think ... 4) should go to bed earier. i), tts time bought a new alarm clock. ) That's unusual. | don't usualy versie. 2 Wts7am and your dad is {get out of bed. You thin ss a) Wish could ha ve another ©) 0K on mostrgan hour in bed. ©) Why he shouting? Fm already up, | want to go to sleep. 1) Pd prefer tit you didn't ask me sily aut Cree: {nm cuit alight sleeper and I'm about to fal ate. «Nothing, You're fast asleep and snoring loudly. 4 It 11 pm and your mum suggests it's time You went to bed. You ) No way. 'm snapchatting Rachel 5) 0, ead fo half an hour before | tum my light of ©) I'm on my way right now.SLEEP ON IT The great teen sleeping crisis? ‘Anage-old problem ‘Dey won't goto bed when you want them to, They hide their heads ‘der te pillow and wont getup when you ask them to. What sit with ‘eenagers and sleep? Well maybe it's time we revisited this topic to better senderstand what might be going on. ‘Arecent study found that only around 50% of US teenagers were getting ‘Se seven hours of siep generally considered necessary. The other half ‘wee getting on average two hours less. Interestingly, gis are more prone ‘sipping sleep than boys. These are worrying figures indeed, especialy ‘when you take into consideration latest recommendations from experts ‘Sat seven to ten hous is optimum for teenagers. edfor the health ‘Tae short-term effects of not geting enough sleep are clearly evident. ust ‘28k ay secondary sthool teacher. 20% of teenagers admit to noding off Jin ciass a least once 2 fortnight. A lack of concentration n lessons can Jen to poor performance in exams, and grades often suffer asa result. {Fro ifcut to make the connection. Other immediate consequences, ‘clude a weakening ofthe immune system, meaning the sleep-deprived ‘z= mor likely to catch a cold or gt thet ven more disquieting ae the long-term eects. Doctors say there are ‘Geet links between a lack of sleep and mental health issues such as ‘pression and memory os. Ws biological ‘Se ting weal ned todo is to stop blaming teenagers for ther ant ‘soca sleeping habit, since they do havea biological excuse fr their ‘eaviou. I's al the fault ofthe hormane melatonin, When melatonin THINK The rule of threes 1 The rule of threes states that ideas should be ‘considered from three different perspectives. 1 The more perspectives you can view a problem A from, the better your overall understanding. For example, imagine an aeroplane is flying 3 through heavy turbulence. ‘© Anexperienced pilot would see it as anormal occurrence and put on the seatbelt sign. © Anervous fier might convince themselves the plane is about to crash A fan of roller coasters might enjoy the thrill oft surges through the body, it's teling us that it's tim to goto bed. The problem is that in teenagers, melatonin is released two hours late than in adits, meaning that they get thecal to goto bed much later than their parents. Then, when they're forced to wake up inthe morning, their rmlatonin levels are stil high and their bodies are uring them to stayin bed. That's why they find it such a struggle to drag themselves out from under the covers. ‘Nehange of ro So what canbe done to make life easier for everyone? Well, one simple solution would be to start the school day two hours later. In the US, 40% of all teenagers start school before 8 am, which is clearly fr too eal for the average teenage brain to function propery Ia 10am start time was Implemented, it would give them a much fairer chance. In addition, tenagers themselves need to take more responsibility for their own sleping patterns. t's been proven that people who stick to a ‘regular routine lead far healthier ives. Gong o bed and geting up atthe ‘ame time each day certainly gives your body a head start. Teens can even. take a nap inte afternoon if they‘ able to make that a regular part of their outne. The other thing to considers limiting their screen time, which can ‘often run int the early hous ofthe morning, This is undoubtedly the ‘main reason why many teenagers fail to get a good night’ sleep So, unfortunately for teenager, it seems that two of their favourite pastimes — Iying-in at the weekend and late-night gaming —have a role to ply inthe lack of sleep many of them complain about. teenagers stillasleep at 11 am on a Saturday. Who might have the following opinions of the situation? Whats the problem? I'm tired. We need to understand that teenage sleep patterns are different to those of adults He's so lazy these days 2. EREENSIN Make notes on how each of the following people might respond to the statement ‘Schools should start at 10 am’. Then compare with a partner. ateenager aparent ateacher aneconomist a doctor Different ways of pronouncing cand g Go to page 120. 5 ea a oo aGRAMMAR Past tenses with hypothetical meaning 1 Complete the sentences from the quiz on page 20 with the verbs in brackets. Then complete the rule with past and present. 1 Htstimet ‘anew alarm clock. (buy) 2. Lwish | have another hour in bed. (can) 3. only my mind ‘on that computer game. | want to go tosleep. (not be) : 4 I preferit if you me ily quiz questions. (not ask) RULE: With certain expressions, ike It’ time, 'd prefer tif, | wish, and ifonly, we use the * simple tense to talk about how we would like 2 situations to be different. With Id rather and Id prefer we use the infinitive when the subject of the second verb is the same as the subject of Id rather and I'd prefer. Also, with Id rather, Id prefer and It's time, ‘we use the infinitive when there is no second subject. Itstime to go. Id prefer to eat now. Its time we left. Vd prefer itif we ate now. ‘Complete the dialogue with the correct forms of the verbs in the list. goon | be | respect | get up | nothave | show | not talk DAD Come on, Clie. I's time you " OLE Zezzzzze Zezzzzz DAD Did youhear me, Ollie? You've got ten minutes until the school bus arrives, COLLIE What?! No! If only it? the weekend. only 19__ school today. fonly .. DAD Ollie! OLLIE Dad, fd preferitif you ‘my melatonin levels. DAD AndI'd prefer itifyou S such nonsense. COLLIE It’s not nonsense. It’s science. Melatonin I's why Ineed so much sleep. DAD I'venever heard ofit COLLIE. Then maybe it's time yous the Internet and read about. DAD And maybe it’s time you” your dad a bit of respect. Now get out of bed! Think about your own sleeping habits and complete the sentences so that they are true for you. Compare with a partner. 1 I wish | could ... 2 Hfonly schoo! . 3 Hdrather... today. ‘4 | wish the teachers narra | VOCABULARY : Sleep 1 Match the words on the left with those on the right to make sleep- related collocations and phrasal verbs. Then check in the magazine article and quiz on page 21. 1 nod a. the covers 2 fall b loudly 3 lie © off 4 alight d asleep 5 fast © anap 6 snore f asleep 7 under sleeper 8 take bin 2) BENS Work in pairs and discuss the meaning of each of the collocations and phrasal verbs in Exercise 1, using the context provided by the magazine article and quiz to help you. 3 Which noun collocates with all of these: a lack of over, skip, get enough, get seven hours’? 4. BEEN Complete the questions with collocations and phrasal verbs from Exercises 1 and 3, inthe correct, form, and then ask and answer in pairs. 1 Doyouever inthe afternoon or do you prefer to just sleep at night? 2. Have you ever. during a lesson at school? Did anyone notice? ‘What happened? How did you feel? 3 Doyou like to atthe weekend? Or do you get up early? ‘What does it take to get you out from ? 4 Doyouknow anyone who. when they sleep? What's the best way to prevent this? 5 Areyoua___orisitdifficult for you to wake up when you're 7 Is noise or light more likely to wake you up? 6 Haveyouever___and been late for something really important? What happened? I>3 Listen again and choose the correct. * 4. Why issleep deprivation such a serious problem? Because i's costing governments alot of money in research. b_ Because it can cause major accidents and financial losses. witha sleey Which ofthe ' oes — creme Samue ant changes in his personality." Pee mention? € He found it dificult to get work. f THINK Getting enough rest 1. Complete the table for you. FUNCTIONS Giving advice 11 EDERED Listen to the dialogue. What are Liam's problems? Times when! | Consequences | What ean Ido 2 CORRE Listen again. What advice does Sally gettred about this? give for each problem? | 7 Siubing fr gabriel [aula 3 EDEREI Complete Sally's advice with the tests swith my family | revision missing words. Then listen again and check. ~ | timetable 1 Hfind thatag___n_s_works keep clear of my well for nerves. little brother 2 Idrecommend|___tom_. a pz 3 Youmight want to consider __tob. Lie 4 Trynottow____ too much. ences “4 4 Work in pairs. Think of two pieces of advice for each of Liam's problems. e Ufind that... 1d recommend .. You might want to consider . Byatt 2 KERNEN Work Compare and offer e. Tests are a stressful time. | find that getting plenty of sleep during stressful periods is essential.READING 1 Workin pairs. Read the questions about dreams. How many can you answer? ‘Are there any common dreams? Does everyone dream? Why can't I remember my dreams? ‘Why do I dream about strangers? ‘Why do | sometimes dream the ph ‘only to hear it ringing when | wake 6 Do my dreams have any special meanings? 7 Isit possible to influence what happens in our dreams? 8 Why dont I act out my dreams? yone is ringing, up? 10 9 Dobilind people dream? What happens if we don't have the chance to dream? 2. Read the article quickly and match the questions with the facts, A-J. Which of the answers you came up in Exercise 1 were correct? [A] Dreams are known to have a beneficial effect on our mental well- being. A study was conducted in which people were woken just as they entered the dream phase of their sleep. They were then allowed to go back to sleep and get their normal nights sleep. However, on waking up, they displayed numerous signs of sleep deprivation. IB] There's a state between falling asleep ‘and entering the dream phase (known as REM) during which it is believed that we're able to control our dreams. This is also commonly experienced as we start waking up. IC] With the exception of a very small rminorty of people, we all dream, even if Wwe might not think we do. Interestingly, there's a difference between what men ‘and women dream about. While women Usually dream about both sexes, men are considerably more likely to have dreams that just feature other men. SPEAKING 1 Which information in the article do you find 1g? Why? most interesting and/or surpri [D] Yes, they do. The mind's need to dream fs so strong that itis able to overcome any disability to ensure it does. People who lose their sight later ‘nin life still see pictures in their dreams. However, those who were bom blind dream using exaggerated sounds, smells and emotions. IE] The simple answer fs that your body {s more or less paralysed when you're asleep, so you'te unable to move your limbs. This is probably for our own safety and to stop us from inficting harm on ‘ourselves or others while we're asleep, {F1 Plenty. Falling from a great height but never reaching the around; feeting Lnprepared for an exam even though you left school years ago; being chased but never caught: these are just a few types of dreams familiar to many people. Amazinaly, 12% of people only ever dream in black and white. [G] It’ not really known if all dreams are significant but it’s generally agreed that some dreams ae far more significant than others. It’s not always easy to tunlock what they might be trying to tell tus, but more often than not there's some sort of message. A dream psychologist could help if you'e interested. TH] No one is really sure, but the fac is that five minutes after waking up you've already forgotten half your dream. And five minutes after that, all but 10% is ‘gone. Ifyou want to keep a record of your dreams, your best bet is to write down all you can remember as soon as you wake up. IH] When an external sound invades our dream, ths is known as dream incorporation. And it’s not nearly as mysterious as it may seem. Quite simply, this outside noise was what triggered your dream in the first place, even though it might feel that your dream had been going on for hours already. {U] You dont. All the unfamiliar faces that you meetin your dreams belong to people that you've seen at some time in ‘your ie. Eventhough you've never been introduced to them, your mind stores up all these faces, meaning it has a cast of literally millions to introduce into your dreams. A tii 2. Doyou believe our dreams are trying to tell us ‘something? Give examples to support your opinion.GRAMMAR Adverbs for modifying comparatives Put the words in brackets back into the example sentences. Then read and complete the rule. 1. Men are more likely to have dreams that just feature other men. (considerably) 2 Some dreams are more significant than others. (ar) 3. It'snot as mysterious as it may seem. (nearly) RULE: As well as using a lot and much to emphasise a ‘comparison, we can use other adverbs, such as considerably, fr, significantly, extensively, notably, way and drastically. By using these words, we achieve a greater level of variety in our speaking and writing. * Notably and Signifcanty are used in more Yformal/ informal spoken contexts and in writing. Woy is used in more formal informal spoken contents To emphasise an) (not) os..as construction we can use not nearly, nothing like and nowhere near. Complete with the missing words. In some cases, more than, one word is possible. Why are other people's dreams not ‘n__as interesting as mine? My dreams are 2<___ more exciting than most other people's, but no one seems interested in hearing about them. I's strange. Anyway, the other day I had a really weird dream. It was more weird than my usual dreams. | was inthis house. Iewasr't my house. In fact, itwas nothing *l_____my house at all Itwas fn. bigger for a start and it was ¢s___ more modern too, but it was really familiar and | felt like I'd been there before. Suddenly, | heard a realy horrible noise. It was ike a snake hissing, only it was 7f. louder. It was really creepy, but it was ®n___nearas scary as what happened next. What did happen next? I can't remember. It was frightening though. Itreally was. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. You must use between three and six words including the word given. 1. Hfeela lt less tired than I did five minutes ago. I feel now as I did five minutes ago. 2 My bedis nothing lke as comfortable as yours. ‘Your bed _ mine. 3. My dreams were far more exciting when Iwasa child. ‘My dreams these days are when | was a child. 4 hope tonight is much less warm than lastnight. hope tonight as twas lastnight. NOWHERE way NEARLY NOTHING: KEEN Write a short text about a dream you can remember (ermake one up). Include modifying comparatives. EENEMG Tell your dream to a partner. Whose dream was the strangest? a> 2) SLEEP ON IT VOCABULARY Idioms with sleep and dream 1 Complete the sentences with either sleep or dream in the correct form. 1 tsa difficult decision, Let me ‘on tand Iillet you know in the morning. 2. It'snot sucha big problem - certainly nothing to lose over. 3. I can't believe 'm getting the chance to study in Canada! That's beyond my wildest 4 You really think I'd do that! fd never cof doing something so mean, He's my bestfriend. 5 Id love to be an airline pilot itsmy job, 6 Icar't believe I've been signed by Manchester United. I's @ ‘come true. 7 We've got a big day tomorrow and you need to get your beauty 8 Doyou imagine Id let you goto an all-night party? In your ! 2 Which of the expressions in italics in Exercise 1 could be replaced with these words? 1. more or better than I could ever hope for 2 noway 3. the realisation of my ultimate ambition 4 give me some time to think about it 5 sleep wel so that you're fresh and at your best the next day 6 worry too much about 7. {t'sjust not in my character to do 8 perfect profession 3 Discuss in pairs. 1. What's your dream job? 2 What would be a dream come true for you? 3 What would you never dream of doing? 4 Which of the idioms in Exercise 1 can you translate directly into your language? How would you translate the other ones? >ulture 1. Scan the article for the answers to the following questions. 1. What caused a change in sleeping patterns across a number of countries? 2 How long, on average, do people sleep for? Sleep in different cultures Itis quite apparent that there are significant differences in sleep patterns in different parts ofthe world, and that sleep patterns have also changed over time. Traditions cultural values and local conditions and environments all havea bearing on sleep practices and attitudes. One major source ofthese differences is the widespread availabilty of artificial light, which, since its introduction in the mid-nineteenth century has led to dramatic changes in sleep pattern inthe industrialised world. Itis thought that today we sleep at least an hour less each night than was the custom just a century ago, and probably several hours less than before industralsation and electricity. According to some studies, artificial lighting has encouraged people to goto bed later and to sleepin a single concentrated BuSt throughout the night (monophasic sleep), rather than the more segmented and broken-up sleep patterns (polyphasic or biphasic sleep) that were previously the norm. During the long nights ofthe winter months, our prehistoric ancestors — and, according o some researchers, more recent ancestors up until about two hundred years ago —may have broken sleep up into two or more chunks, separated by an hour or two of quiet restfulness. In nomadic societies, even today, its more common for people to have this kind of biphasic sleep, or sometimes even more flexible and Fragimienited polyphasic sleep periods, sleeping on and off throughout the day or night, depending on what i happening Even within the developed world, there are significant differences in sleep patterns. A study carried out in ten countries in 2002 revealed some ofthese regional variations. For instance, while the average time the study Participants slept was about 75 hours a night, the results from individual countries varied from 6 hours 53 minutes in Japan to 8 hours 24 minutes in Portugal. Over 42% of Brazilians took regular afternoon naps, compared to only 12% of Japanese people. Over 32% of Belgians complained of fsoiiia and other sleep problems, while only 10% of ‘Austrians claimed not to sleep well A daytime nap or siesta is Commonplace among adults in many Mediterranean countries. Spain, in particular, has raised the siesta almost to the evel ofan art form, although, in the hustle and bustle ofthe modern world itis less ubiquitous than it once was. Naps are also common in parts of Africa and China, ‘The experience of Japan is a clear example of the way a change in culture can affect sleep patternsIn the post- ar years, Japan was keen to rebuild and reassert itself and, as one expression of patriotism, Japanese workers were encouraged to start work early (and often finish late as wel). The inemuri (a nap taken at workin order to increase productivity) was encouraged as a way for an employee to demonstrate their Gomiitiiea, even though it probably degraded the quality of night-time sleep even more. Today, sleep is perhaps more iidervaléd in Japan than anywhere else, and sleep deprivation is endemic. Itis clear, then, that there are cultural and historical differences in the amount of sleep we get and the way we get it Yet one thing is for sure: the need for suficient sleep, however we may define ths, is universal and unchanging. wall 2 CORBET Read and listen to the article again and answer the questions. 1. How has the number of hours we sleep 4 Inwhich countries is it usual to have a short changed over the centuries? sleep in the afternoon? 2. What's the difference between monophasic 5. Why are naps becoming less common? and polyphasic sleep? 6 Why was the inemuri introduced in Japan? 3. Which country was found to sleep the least? What effect did it have?2: SLEEP ON IT Work in pairs and discuss the questions. WRITING 1. What sleeping habits are typical in your A proposal ire td sili 1 Read the proposal and answer the questions. 2. Which of the habits mentioned in the article would be unusual in your culture? ‘1 What problem is the proposal trying to tackle? 3 Inwhat way do you think sleeping habits 2 What recommendation does it make?, hhave changed over the last few decades? a tens siccinsiatine, 4 ‘Match the highlighted “1 How well does the proposal answer the question? words or phrases in the article to the Sie Houvared niteungdged definitions. 3 How well organised is it? ordinary, everyday Z i 2. not given enough importance 3 When writing a proposal, the key things to mention 3 none time rather than separated out into as several short chunks '* a specific problem 4 consisting of several separate parts ‘© a summary of the problem and the proposed solution 5. dificulty sleeping toit 6 tohaveaninfluence or effect on © anidea for asolution 7 loyalty ‘© justification of why it's a good solution 8 found everywhere ‘Match each of these areas to the paragraphs A-D in the proposal. 4 Write a proposal supporting the idea that the school day should start two hours later. Use the stages ; coe outlined in Exercise 3 to help you organise your ideas. Write a proposal supporting the idea that your place of work should introduce a nap room for employees. IA] A recent study has shown that less than haf of all Americans are getting enough sleep each night and that an overtired workforce is costing the economy millions of dollars in lost productivity each year. Clearly, anything that is losing big business so much money warrants investigation. IB] Among several ideas that have been put forward, one of the most popular has been the introduction of nap rooms in many businesses across the USA. As the name suggests, a nap room is a place where employees can have a short rest during the working day in order to recharge their batteries. A nap room can be anything from a designated dark room with several beds to specially designed sleep pods. [C] The idea is that rather than falling asleep at their desk, tired workers can take time out in the nap room if they need to do so. Those companies that have installed ‘one are already reporting rises in the effectiveness of their workforce. [D] Lack of sleep is clearly a widespread problem among the population and the introduction of a nap room in our offices would greatly benefit the well-being of the staff. If we could be offered a quiet room where we could catch up on sleep during breaks, we would see an overall improvement in our performance and efficiency, which in turn would increase the company's productivity. 7CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED Cl HL EX AM S [eS ARERR aE ET] READING AND USE OF ENGLISH Part 1: Multiple-choice cloze a> 1. For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. Ther example at the beginning (0). Pare bin Ged) Dt 2 OR SRST ‘Anyone who Googles the word ‘dreams’ will come © thousands of sites that offer to interpret your dreams. However, there is no system of dream interpretation that is * up by scientific research. Consequently, many of these sites offer nothing more than guesswork, and, indeed, the interpretations do not 2 much from those that were around thousands of years ago. So, for ‘example, if you dream that you are being chased, you are supposedly flesing from uncomfortable : . Many people dream that an authority 4 asks them for personal identification but they are unable to ® it this, it is suggested, indicates that you are struggting to ® feeling of ‘social inadequacy. There is as yet no scientific data to 7 these ideas. However, some scientists are gathering reports from dreamers that, in the future, wil ® a correlation to be made between dreams and actual waking experiences. backed 1A supported B pushed ic D grown 2A differ B change © resemble D offer 3A remembrances 8 remembers € memories recalls 4A person B character © officer D figure 5 A manufacture B discover © search D_ produce 6 A overdo B overcome © overreact ——D_oversee 7A suppose B discover © support D report 8 A allow B make © research D_ produce SPEAKING Part 1: Interview In this part of the exam, the examiner will ask you some questions about you, your lfe and your interests. Remember: although the questions themselves arent difficult or complicated, your answers willbe judged on, among other things, your ability to use accurate and varied grammar, and a wide and appropriate range of vocabulary. 2. Inpairs, ask and answer the questions. What work would you like to do in the future? ‘What do you like doing in your spare time? (Why?) What do you spend most time doing - studying or relaxing? (Why?) How do you usually keep in touch with friends and relatives? Have you recently had a reason to celebrate something? (What?) ‘Who or what s the most important influence in your life? (Why?)1 EST-YOURSEBE UNITS 1&2 VOCABULARY 1 Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the list. There are four extra words / phrases. lie-in | oversleep | sleep | dream | unconventional | insecure | sad | rebellious | miserable asleep | traditional | take anap | nerves | nod off 1 Myaunt’s very __. She got married ina bright red dress and dyed silver hair. 2. Tid love to be someone who designs beds. It would be my = job. 3. I've got nothing to do tomorrow morning, om going to havea. 4 Don't worry about it. It’s nothing to lose ___ over. 5 Hemmight seem very confident, but underneath he's quite___and worries alot. 6 Myyoungersisteris quite and doesn'tlike being told what to do. 7 often ___ when 'm watching TV. It's so annoying as | miss the end of the programme. 8 | wish hed stop asking so many annoying questions. He's really getting on my 9 Imgoing to set my alarm for 7 am because I don't want to___. 10 My older brother was really mean when we were younger and he made my life. (1 GRAMMAR 2 Complete the sentences with the words / phrases in the list. There are two extra words / phrases. hopefully | gotrrid of | understandably | considerably | regrettably | nowhere near | getrrid of | to have 1 Wstimewe ___this old TV. 2 Boystend. ___ more friends than girls when they're younger. 3 _____, we had to come home three days early from our holiday. 4 It's___ashotasit was yesterday. 5 _______, no one is very happy about the fare increase on the buses. 6 It's____ hotter today than it was yesterday. 3 Find and correct the mistake in each sentence. ‘Manchester United are nowhere nearly as good as Barcelona. ‘My younger brother alwaysis taking my things without asking, Id prefer it if we leave halfan hour earlier. Not many ofthe birds sadly were able to survive. I wish I didn't eat so much at the party last night. Being the oldestin the family, my brother willbe the most traditional B FUNCTIONAL LANGUAGE 4 Choose the correct options. 1. A | find | discover that adding eggs helps make alighter cake. Inform | Tell me you haven't done that: 'm allergic to eggs. Try not worrying | to worry too much. I's only a bike. But what / how about work tomorrow morning? How am | going to get there? You might want to think / consider inviting Dan to your party. | plan to invite him. really do plan. | just haver't seen him ina while. {'d recommend to put / putting your books away. Why don't you watch abit of TV instead? BI don't get/ understand. Are you telling me not to study? MY SCORE >erere © iy 291 2 1 2 30 READING 1 EEEENSIN Look at the pictures. For each one: describe what you think is happening / has happened. say what might happen next. say how each person could possibly be unlucky. say how each person could possibly be lucky. 2. Read the magazine article quickly. Match the stories to the pictures (1-3) How does each writer think they were lucky? 3 Read again and listen and mark the statements T (true), F (false) or DS (the text doesn't say). ‘Amanda had never been in a play before. ] ‘The teacher was impressed when Amanda demonstrated that she knew the main character's lines ] ‘Amanda went to drama school and then joined local acting group. Jason's father shouted at the taxi driver when he missed his plane. None of the passengers survived the plane crash. |_| Janine's car swerved and hit tree. 7 Roadside assistance arrived on the scene after 30 minutes. Janine married the man who came to fix her car. 4) BENS Workin OBJECTIVES FUNCTIONS. giving encouragement to someone who’ feeling nervous ceranan: mised conditionals (eview) alternatives to if vocasutany: phrasal verbs expressions with luck expressions with over and discuss the questions. 1 In your opinion, who was the luckiest person: Amanda, Jason’ father or Janine? ‘Who was the least lucky? Which story do you like the most/ least? Why? Can you think of any other lucky breaks that you or people you know have experienced? THINK Behaviour based on myths rather than facts Read this dictionary ‘of amyth and answer the questions. myth noun (FALSE IDEA) ‘a commonly believed but false idea: Statistics disprove the myth that women are worse rivers than men.1 Breaking into acting ‘Atschoo|, when twas 16, wo started to sehearse the end-of term ply. The teacher ‘ve me a smal part an that was fe, As _ne started rehearsals, two tings stood out fox me. The fst was that I eally enjoyed “fis acting thing, eventhough tt was my “est go att found memavising my ines easy and | was abl to remember ter character’ nes, oo. Second, ‘ealsed the gi who'd taken on the lead role cout act “Anyway, about a week before the play ‘pened, she fel ver and broke her lg, poor ‘Bing. The teacher did't know what to do. ‘oid her I coud step in. She was pleasantly ‘srpised when | was able to rect the main ‘haracte's nes off by heart at the next ‘sehearsal and she gave me the part. The flay was a huge success. Also, someone ‘fom a local theatre group came and invited ‘me to join them. | di, and that really helped ‘pe 92 into cram schoo), which was the tart of my acting career. ‘When that poor git broke her leg, twas an sxtucky break (a, al for her but lcky ‘ne for me. she nach’ broken her eg, ‘probably be ina run-oF-he-mil fc ob or driving, women or men? ‘act asf the false belief we have i fact. ‘someting now. ‘Amanda 2. Ifsomeone believes women are worse drivers than H men, how might this affect their behaviour? ‘Sometimes we change our behaviour or make a decision Because of a myth or false belief. These myths can range from culturally-shared false beliefs such as ‘breaking a mirror 2 Ajammy escape | knw this was really my dad's ucky break, but fom my perspective, twas mine too, About tn years ago, my dad had to go toa realy important business meeting in another cy, and he had to cath an early morning fight. He took ta but it got stuck na horrendous traffic jam and by te te he got to the port, his plane had already taken of He was realy angry because he knew the was gong tobe late forthe meeting They managed fo get him onthe next plane and off he went. When he landed ‘and got through to atvas, he was surprised by what he sa: thre were TV cameras al oer the place and crowds cof peooe frantically wating for news. t ‘umed out thatthe plane he'd missed care that morning had crashed. ifithadn't been fo that trafic jam, my ‘dad would probably no longer be hee. Jason 3 LUCKY BREAKS 3 Breakdown and start-up Just over two years ago, | was diving home ‘ait late one night on a quiet road when another car suddenly came hurting towards me had to swerve ofthe road to avoid it and | aimost hit tee. wasn't hurt, but | couldn't ‘get my car to star. tad broken down. ft ‘ute anxious as it was lato and there wore had any oer cars around | phoned roadside assistance for hep and they tod me someone ‘would be therein around haf an hour After about ive minutes, a car pulled up and a {rendy-looking man got out He asked me if was OK and | tld him what had happened. He kindy offered to stay wth me uti help arrived. There was something very caim and soothing inhi voice, so tok him upon his offer. Wo started taking and rely it tof. By the time the roadside assistance man tured up, we'd ‘arranged to meet again Two years on, he's now my husband and! wish could thank the reckless diver who forced ne off the road they were a better cer 4 never have met the love of my te. Janine 1. According to the dictionary entry, who are worse at. 2 Which of these myths do you feel are personal beliefs and which are widely held ones? | always put my left leg into the bath first. 2 If spll salt accidentally, I throw it over my shoulder and make a wish | never walk under a ladder. It brings bad luck ‘means bad luck, to more personal ones, such as I wear my lcky T-shirt to every football match that my team plays in. ‘Mast ofus are aware that such behaviour has no actual sefluence on the outcome of an event, but despite this, we still | never travel on Friday 13th. I's an unlucky day. | tap my phone three times before | turn it on. | always use the same pen to do my exams. (SGENSNG Discuss in pairs. Which myths do you ‘or people you know have? How do these myths affect your / their behaviour?GRAMMAR 2 Choose the correct options. Mixed conditionals (review) 1 My cousin lived in Chicago for five years as a child. If she didn’t live | hadn't lived there, she wouldn't speak / wouldn't have spoken 11 Match the beginnings and endings Pulcanincae. ee a of these sentences from the article. Then complete the rule with present and past. 1 Ifshehadn'tbrokenherleg, |_| 2. Ifithadn't been for that trafficjam, 3 Iftheywereabetterdrive, |_| 4 my dad would probably no longer be here. b_ Id never have met the love of my life. td probably be in a run-of-the-mill office job or something now. RULE: Mixed conditionals are used: © toconnectan imaginary past (had + past participle) with a result (would + initve) asin sentences 1 and 2. to connect a hypothetical present (past simple) with a2___resut (would have + past participle) asin sentence 3 Lactate cod Unstressed words in connected speech Go to page 120. 2 Yo-Yo Ma plays the cello exceptionally well. He wouldn't be / wouldn't have been as famous as he is if he didn't learn / hadn't learned from such a young age. 3 Idon't feel very well. fl hadn't eaten I did't eat two bars of chocolate, fd be / Id have been OK now. 4 Iimmnever on time. fl wasn't always / had alwoys been late, | wouldnt get wouldnt have got in trouble withthe teacher yesterday. 5 She was realy rude to me. We would stil be / would stil have been friends now ifshe didn't say | hadht said those things. 6 I'mnot very good at football. If was / had been a better player, I'm sure | would have been chosen / would be chosen forthe school team last week! Rewrite the sentences using a mixed conditional structure. 0 I'mtired today because | didn't sleep welll last night. if ’d slept well last night, | wouldn't be tired today. 1. Iknow how to play the game. My friend explained itto me yesterday. 2. Ihaven't got any money. I didnt buy a present for my mum, 3. My sister had an accident. She's in hospital. 4 He's avery talented tennis player. He won four tournaments last year. 5 I missed the train. 'm not in Manchester yet. Write two mixed conditional sentences about. yourself or someone you know. 1 if , I wouldn't be here now. arora eae iff'd hada bit more luck. I> VOCABULARY Phrasal verbs 1. Replace the words in bold with phrasal verbs from the list in the correct form, then read the magazine article again and check. turn up | standout | pullup | take up | break down step in | take on | turn out ‘As we started rehearsals, two things above al else became very clear, 2 The girl whold accepted the lead role couldn't act. 3. By the time the roadside assistance man arrived, we'd arranged to meet again. Itfinally became clear thatthe plane he'd missed earlier that morning had crashed. The car had stopped working After about five minutes, a car approached and came to a stop. laccepted his offer. The teacher didn't know what to do. told her I could help (in a difficult situation). 2 Work in pairs and answer the questions. 1 What would you do if you were. ina car that broke down? 2 Have you ever had to step inat the last minute? What happened? 3 Have you ever turned up far too late (or too early) for something? ‘What happened? 3 Use phrasal verbs from Exercise 1 to write two more questions for your partner. 4. BEIRNMI Work in pairs. Ask and answer your questions. [ Workbook page 30,LISTENING 1 Can you name the people in the photos above? What's the connection between the famous people and the objects? 2 Listen and check your ideas from Exercise 1. 3 Listen again to Mark and Clare. 1. Who believes in luck, and who doesn't? 2. Who thinks that having lucky objects or doing things to bring luck is outdated in the 2ist century? 3. What happens to Clare at the end with the pen? 4 Listen again. Complete each sentence with between one and three words. 1 When Mark travels anywhere, he always wears his 2. Clare thinks that whether a plane will i or not doesn't depend ‘on socks. 3. Mark's grandfather always had to put his con the ship frst. 4 According to Mark, i's common to have lucky numbers, and 5 Tennis player Serena Willams always bounces the ball__ before serving. 6 Clare needs the pen to make a list of things she needs forthe ___ on Saturday. Expressions with luck Read the sentences. What do the underlined phrases mean? Discuss in pairs. 1 [paid £10 for this T-shirt and then I saw the same one in another shop for £8! I's just my luck 2. He always wears those shoes when he plays. He thinks they bring him luck Does the number 21 bus stop here? Yes and youre in luck. Look, there's one coming now. I missed the last train by 15 seconds! (Oh, bad luck. What did you do —walk home? Hailed my driving test. Oh, sorry to hear that. Better luck next time, Did you get wet on your walk? No! As luck would have it, we got home just before the rain started. 7. A twas my first ever go at one of those competitions, and | won! 8 Huh! Beginner's luck. 8 A Dad's agreed to drive me to football practice. I think ll ask him if he can pick me up too. | dont feel like walking home. B_ That might be pushing your luck. He'll be watching TVlater. erererar SPEAKING ‘Work in pairs and answer the questions. 1 Have you ever had beginner's luck when playing a new sport ‘or game? When / How? Do you or does anyone you know have any things that they do to bring them good luck? Give an example ofa time when you've pushed your luck. 331 Lookat the title of the blog. Have you ever seen this word before? What do you think it means? 2. Read the blog quickly to check your ideas from Exercise 1. 3. Read again and answer the questions. 1. What was the wildlife photographer hoping | todo 2 What was lucky about the photo he took? i 3. How do translators feel about the word ‘serendipity’? 4 What example is mentioned of serendipity in science? ‘5 What example is given of serendipity in history? 6 What example of serendipity does the writer give from her own experience? > JANET’S ‘ODD WORD’ BLOG. This week: ‘serendipity’ Serendipity ‘wildlife photographer was waiting, hoping to get a shot of a relatively rare bird, a particular kind of heron. He'd waited several frustrating hours b> with no luck at all. He needed a photo soon, ‘otherwise it would be too dark. Suddenly, to the photographer's delight, a heron settled ‘on a branch right in front of him. The "} photographer raised his camera, focused Bs 7 in and took the shot just before the heron % flew away. Feeling particularly pleased with himself, the photographer looked at the image. To his astonishment, he saw that behind the heron, his photograph had also captured a very, very rare woodpecker fying past. He hadn't seen it, but without even trying, he'd photographed an even rarer bird than the one he was aiming for. This is an example of serendipity ~a word which, according to some translators, is among the ten most difficult English words to define and translate. It means something like ‘the fact of finding interesting or valuable things by chance’. The key thing is that if you come across something fortuitous by chance, i's serendipity, provided that you weren't consciously trying to find that thing atthe time. Cases of serendipity can be found in numerous fields, such as science. Back in the 1800s, a man called Wells was at a demonstration of laughing. ‘gas ether and nitrous oxide). After being given the gas, the patient started laughing, as expected. But then he suddenly fell over and cut his leg rather badly, To everyone's surprise, the man reported that he couldn't feel any pain. Wells hadn't been looking for it, but he'd made a medical discovery ~ certain gases reduce and can even almost eradicate pain. Had Wells not been there that night, anaesthesia might have taken longer to be discovered. READING 4 Are these things examples of serendipity or not? Why (not)? Put a tick or a cross in the box. Then ‘compare with a partner. 1. [/] You've losta ring at home. You look everywhere for ‘— it. Then a family member comes in and says: ‘Look! ound your ring in the car! 2 [| Afootballer tries to kick the ball to score a goal ~ He kicks it very badly, but accidentally passes it to another player in his team, who scores. 3. [[] You're looking for a bookin your room. You look on a shelf and see a DVD that you thought you'd lost. [EENGNA Work in pairs. Discuss your answers to the questions. 1. How would you translate the word ‘serendipity’ into your language? 2 Doyou know of any examples of serendipit film / book / TV show? 3 Have you experienced serendipity in your own life (orhas someone you know)? yy froma History offers further examples. In 1492, Columbus set out from Portugal to try to find an alternative route to India. What he found ‘was the land we now know as America. He was looking for one thing and found another. Most of us can probably think of atleast one ‘example of serendipity in our own lives. A friend ‘of mine was trying to come up with an idea for an online article but got completely tuck. Frustrated, she decided to go out toa local café She sat there and as she was sipping her coffee, she heard two people talking behind her. Aman was telling a story that sounded so unbelievable that she knew it had to be true. She asked the people if she could interview them for the article — unless she got their permission, she wouldn't be able to use their story. They agreed and her article turned out to be one of the top trending articles of the week.