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Assignment-Ch 11-Ans Sheet

This document contains a class assignment on transportation in plants and animals with multiple questions. [1] It asks students to fill in blanks about components of the circulatory system like blood, osmosis, transpiration, and more. [2] It also asks students to describe the differences between arteries and veins. [3] Further questions explore topics like kidney function, plant transport, the human excretory and circulatory systems, differences between warm and cold blooded animals, heart structure, and osmosis.

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rachna sharma
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93 views

Assignment-Ch 11-Ans Sheet

This document contains a class assignment on transportation in plants and animals with multiple questions. [1] It asks students to fill in blanks about components of the circulatory system like blood, osmosis, transpiration, and more. [2] It also asks students to describe the differences between arteries and veins. [3] Further questions explore topics like kidney function, plant transport, the human excretory and circulatory systems, differences between warm and cold blooded animals, heart structure, and osmosis.

Uploaded by

rachna sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ST.

XAVIER’S HIGH SCHOOL


Assignment
Class VII
Transportation in Plants and Animals

Q.1.Fill in the blanks:


a) Blood__ is fluid connective tissue that flows in blood vessels.
b) The movement of solvent molecules from their high concentration to their low
concentration through a semi-permeable membrane is called
___Osmosis___________
c) Loss of water in the form of vapour through leaves is called _____transpiration___
d) _______Heamoglobin_______ component of RBC transport oxygen from the lungs
to all the cells of body.
e) One complete cycle of contraction of the heart followed by its relaxation is called
_Heart beat_________
f) _Arteries____ are the blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to various parts
of body.
g) ___ Capillaries _ are the extremely thin blood vessels which connect arteries to
veins.
h) The main excretory product in human being is _Urea_____
i) Platelets play major role in blood _____Clotting_____

Q.2.Give differences between Arteries and Veins.

Arteries Veins

1. They are used to carry oxygenated They carry deoxygenated blood from all
blood from heart to all parts of body parts of body to heart (except pulmonary
(except pulmonary artery) vein).

2. They lie deep inside the muscles.


They lie closer to the skin surface.
3. They do not have valves. They have valves to prevent backflow of
blood.
Blood passes through veins at low pressure.
4. Blood is pumped into arteries at
high pressure.

Veins have thinner walls as blood passed


into it from the cells is not at high pressure.
5. Arteries have thick and elastic walls
to withstand the blood pumped into
it a t high pressure.

Q.3.What happens when someone's kidneys stop working due to injury or infection?
Ans: When the kidneys of a person stop working due to an injury or infection, the
person would not be able to excrete the waste products from the body which are
harmful and toxic. In that case kidney Dialysis or artificial kidneys is used as a
method to eliminate the waste from the person’s body. Another method could be
the Kidney transplant which requires a donor of kidney.

Q.4.How does transport of food and water occur in plants?


Ans: Plants have Vascular tissues to perform the transportation. Tissues are group of
specialised cells to perform a particular function. There are two types of Vascular
tissues in plants- Xylem and Phloem.

Q.5.Explain the working of Excretory system in Humans.


Ans: The removal of wastes produced in the cells of living organisms is called excretion. The
parts involved in the excretion forms the excretory system.
Carbon dioxide produced as a result of respiration is removed through the lungs.
Sweat glands also act as excretory organ to remove the salts mixed with water and
to an extent urea through the sweat. The main excretory organ is the Kidneys, which
removes the urea present in the blood. When blood reaches the kidneys it has both
useful and harmful substances such as urea. The useful substances are absorbed
back into the blood. The wastes such as Urea is produced by the decomposition of
unused proteins in the liver. This urea reaches the kidneys along with blood and is
removed as Urine.
There are tiny filters present in the kidneys which are called as Nephrons which
separate the urea from the blood. This urea mixed with water forms the urine in
kidneys. Urine contains 95% water, 2.5% urea and 2.5% other wastes. Urine passes
down the two tubes called Ureters and reach the Urinary bladder where it is stored
until it is passed from urinary opening at the end of Urethra.

Q.6.Explain the structure of Heart in humans with diagram.


Ans. The human heart is one of the most important organs responsible for sustaining life. It
is a muscular organ with four chambers. The size of the heart is the size of about a clenched
fist.
The human heart functions throughout a person’s lifespan and is one of the most robust
and hardest working muscles in the human body.
Following are the main functions of the heart:

• One of the primary functions of the human heart is to pump blood throughout the
body.
• Blood delivers oxygen, hormones, glucose and other components to various parts of
the body, including the human heart.
• The heart also ensures that adequate blood pressure is maintained in the body

Q.7.Explain circulatory system in humans.


The heart is the key organ for blood circulation and the double circulation is an efficient way
of circulation as it provides an effective way of circulation. The main difference is that the
blood follows two routes – one for oxygenated blood and the other for deoxygenated blood.
Hence, the name “double circulation.
• Systemic circulation
Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricles to the tissue
capillaries.

• The oxygen-rich blood is transferred to the aorta for circulating into various parts of
the body.
• Later, the veins and venules collect the deoxygenated blood – which is rich in carbon
dioxide from various parts of the body.
• The deoxygenated blood is pumped back into the superior vena cava and then to the
right atrium.
• Once, after receiving the deoxygenated blood, the right atrium carries blood to the
right ventricle for pulmonary circulation.

• Pulmonary circulation
In the pulmonary circulation, the blood circulation starts from the right atrium to the left
atrium. In this pathway:

• The pulmonary artery collects the blood from the right ventricle and carries to lungs
for oxygenation.
• Once, after the purification process, the oxygenated blood is pumped back to the left
atrium through the pulmonary vein which is carried to the left ventricles.
• The left ventricles pump the oxygenated blood to the aorta for systemic circulation

Q.8.Explain excretory system in humans with diagram.

Ans. Human excretory system:


(a) In humans, the excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder
and urethra.
(b) Kidneys are two bean shaped organs lying at the back of the abdomen, one on either side of the
vertebral column. Waste products from the blood and urine are removed by the kidney.
(c) A Nephron is the basic filtration unit of the kidney. It is a cluster of thin walled blood capillaries.
(d) The urine produced by filtering the blood is transported to the urinary bladder. This is done by a
pair of ureters. Ureters are long muscular tubes.
(e) Urinary bladder is a muscular bag like structure which can hold urine. The urinary bladder is
under the control of nerves. When the bladder is full one get urge to urinate.
(f) This urine is thrown out of the body through urethra.
(g) Apart from the kidney, the skin and lungs are also helpful in the excretion.
Q.9.What do you mean by cold blooded and warm blooded animals?

Cold Blooded Warm-Blooded

Constant temperature

Cannot maintain Can maintain

Energy

Obtained from the surrounding Obtained from the food


environment consumption

Body temperature

Varies with the temperature of the Between 35 to 40 degree C


surrounding

Rate of metabolism

Changes with the change in environment Environmental changes do not


affect

Survive

They cannot sustain in extreme They are able to maintain a


temperature conditions constant body temperature
Examples

Reptiles, insects, fish, amphibians, etc Birds and mammals

Q.10.Do all animals have four chambered heart? Explain with examples.
Ans. Bird and mammal hearts have four chambers (two atria and two ventricles). A frog,
which is an amphibian, has a heart with three chambers (one ventricle and two atria), and
fish hearts have two chambers (one atrium and one ventricle).
Q.11.What do you mean by Osmosis?
Ans. Osmosis involves the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to
lower concentration until the concentrations become equal on either side of the membrane.
Q.12.How water rises in the xylem tubes against gravity?
Ans.The suction force created by transpiration from the leaves' surface draws water from
the soil and roots through the xylem.

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