V11.

cover

Front cover
Course Exercises Guide
with hints
Power Systems for AIX - PowerVM I:
Implementing Virtualization
Course code AN30G   ERC 6.0
October 2016 edition
Notices
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V11.0
Contents

TOC

Contents
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Exercises description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Exercise 1. Power Systems documentation overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Part 1: Access IBM Systems hardware and AIX documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Exercise 2. HMC Enhanced+ interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Part 1: Partition profile sync . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Part 2: HMC enhanced interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

Exercise 3. Processor virtualization configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Part 1: View system configuration and configure processor options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Part 2: Viewing shared processor utilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Part 1: Configuring a virtual Ethernet connection (simple configuration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Part 2: Configuring additional VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Part 3: HMC enhanced interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Part 1: Create the VIO server partition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Part 2: Install the VIO server partition from NIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Part 3: Configure a Shared Ethernet Adapter on the virtual I/O server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
Part 4: Create and examine a system template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

Exercise 6. Client partition configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Part 1: Create the client LPAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Part 2: Configure a VSCSI disk on the virtual I/O server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Part 3: Install the client LPAR operating system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Part 4: Create and deploy a partition template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

Exercise 7. SEA failover setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Part 1: Setting the virtual Ethernet adapters and trunk priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Part 2: Create the SEA failover feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Part 3: Testing the SEA failover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Exercise 8. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client partition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Part 1: Configure a MPIO LUN accessed from two VIOS partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
Part 2: MPIO failover tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Part 3: Working with MPIO path priority settings (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16

Exercise 9. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

Exercise 11. Manage service events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

Part 1: Service Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2
Part 2: Check and close events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6

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TOC Exercise 12. PowerVM system maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1

Part 1: Update the Virtual I/O Server software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2
Part 2: Using viosbr to backup the virtual and logical configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-4
Part 3: Using cron to schedule tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-7

Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1

Part 1: Create a file-backed virtual disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2
Part 2: Create a virtual media repository and a blank virtual DVD-RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5
Part 3: Backup and restore the client LPAR OS using the virtual optical device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-8

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V11.0
Trademarks

TMK

Trademarks
The reader should recognize that the following terms, which appear in the content of this training
document, are official trademarks of IBM or other companies:
IBM, the IBM logo, and ibm.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of International Business
Machines Corp., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide.
The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation, registered in many
jurisdictions worldwide:
Active Memory™ AIX 5L™ AIX 6™
AIX® DS4000® DS6000™
DS8000® Electronic Service Agent™ Enterprise Storage Server®
Express® HACMP™ Initiate®
i5/OS™ Micro-Partitioning® Notes®
OS/400® Passport Advantage® POWER Hypervisor™
Power Systems™ Power® PowerHA®
PowerPC® PowerVM® POWER6®
POWER7+™ POWER7® POWER8®
Redbooks® Redpapers™ SystemMirror®
Tivoli® 400®
Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both.
Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.
Java™ and all Java-based trademarks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of
Oracle and/or its affiliates.
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries.
Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies.

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V11.0
Exercises description

pref

Exercises description
In the exercise instructions, you can check off the line before each step as you complete it to track
your progress.
Most exercises include required sections, which should always be completed. It might be
necessary to complete these sections before you can start later exercises. If you have sufficient
time and want an extra challenge, some exercises might also include optional sections that you can
complete.
This course includes two versions of the course exercises: "with hints" and "without hints".
The standard "Exercise instructions" section provides high-level instructions for the tasks you
should perform. You need to apply the knowledge you gained in the unit presentation to perform the
exercise.
The "Exercise instructions with hints" provide more detailed instructions and hints to help you
perform the exercise steps.

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Exercise 1. Power Systems documentation overview

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Exercise 1. Power Systems

documentation overview
(with hints)

Estimated time
00:30

Overview
In this exercise, students explore the key documentation that supports the objectives of this course.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Access the documentation for IBM POWER8 processor-based servers and partitioning

Introduction
In this exercise, you find and examine the key pieces of documentation that cover the configuration
of LPARs on IBM POWER8 processor-based servers.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation with IP connectivity to the Internet and equipped with a web browser.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise 1. Power Systems documentation overview

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• All exercises depend on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will need a
computer system configured with a network connection that can access an HMC and the
corresponding managed system and LPARs.
• The web page URLs in this exercise were correct when this course was written. By nature, web
pages tend to change over time; therefore, ask your instructor if you have trouble navigating the
websites.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Part 1: Access IBM Systems hardware and AIX documentation

In this exercise, you discover the documentation to support the managed systems and LPARs. You
can refer to this documentation as you work through the rest of the exercises in this course. This
exercise requires Internet access.
Some web addresses or names are subject to modification. If a link does not work exactly as
described or has been changed, notify your instructor.
__ 1. Open a web browser, and go to http://www.ibm.com. Move the mouse over the Products
menu, then move down to IT Infrastructure, then select IBM Power Systems listed on the
Quicklinks page on the right side. Explore the IBM Power Systems web page. This page
contains information about the current POWER processor-based models. A large number of
links, useful documents, and detailed information are available. Depending on your interest,
click the different links and explore the information that is available. In particular, be sure to
examine the following:
__ a. From the combo-boxes, click the Systems Software and select Server virtualization -
PowerVM.
__ b. From the combo-boxes, click the Operating systems and select AIX.
__ c. From the combo-boxes, click the Operating systems and select Linux.
__ 2. Go to http://www.ibm.com. Click the Support menu item, then click Support Portal listed
under the Technical Documentation section. This will take you to the Support Portal page. In
the Product finder text box, enter the search string 8284-22A. As you type the search string,
the page will list suggested matches. Click the suggested match for POWER8 systems
8284-22A. Explore the page, follow the different links in the Downloads, and Product
support content sections.
__ 3. Use the following web address to access the IBM Knowledge Center:
http://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter. This page is the entry point for hardware as
well as software product manuals.
Use the search area at the top of the page to find the topics related to the following phrases:
- Logical partition overview
- Partitioning with the HMC
- vNIC

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__ 4. Click the IBM Knowledge Center menu to go back to the knowledge center start page.
__ 5. In the search area, enter AIX 7.2 documentation and press Enter. The first result
should say “AIX 7.2 Documentation”. If you cannot find it, try changing the search scope to
IBM Knowledge Center next to the search box. Click it then explore the links that are listed
in the table of contents area. For example, the AIX PDFs link displays a page that contains
links to PDF versions of the AIX documentation.
__ 6. Let your instructor know you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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Exercise 2. HMC Enhanced+ interface

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Exercise 2. HMC Enhanced+ interface

(with hints)

Estimated time
00:30

Overview
In this exercise, students explore the partition profile sync capability as well as the new features
available with the HMC V8 enhanced graphical interface.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Enable the partition profile sync capability
• Log in to the HMC enhanced graphical interface

Introduction
In this exercise, you will gain some experience using the partition profile sync capability, as well as
the new HMC V8 enhanced graphical interface.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation with IP connectivity to the Internet and equipped with a web browser.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise 2. HMC Enhanced+ interface

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• All exercises depend on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will need a
computer system configured with a network connection that can access an HMC and the
corresponding managed system and LPARs.
• The web page URLs in this exercise were correct when this course was written. By nature, web
pages tend to change over time; therefore, ask your instructor if you have trouble navigating the
websites.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Part 1: Partition profile sync

In this part of the exercise, you will examine the partition profile sync capability.
__ 1. Using a web browser, connect to your assigned HMC IP address using the https protocol.
__ 2. Select the Classic Log In mode, and log in to the HMC using the HMC user ID and
password information provided by your instructor.
When initially connecting to the HMC, you might see an indication from the browser that this
is an untrusted connection. You will have to add an exception for the URL to the browser.
The warning about an untrusted connection will probably be repeated when you select the
link to Log on and launch the Hardware Management Console web application. If this
occurs, you will have to add an exception for the link to the browser.
After logging in to the HMC for the first time, you will have to configure the browser to allow
pop-up windows from the HMC IP address.
» Select the Classic Log In mode as shown in the example below:

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__ 3. Expand the Systems Management item in the navigation area of the HMC interface. Next,
expand the Servers item, and select your managed system.
» In the example below, the managed system sys869 has been selected after expanding the
menu hierarchy.

__ 4. Locate your AIX partition in the table in the work area of the HMC interface, and click the
partition name to show the Partition Properties window.
» The following is an example of the Partition Properties window.

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What is the name of the current profile that was used to activate the partition?
» The expected result is that the current profile name is Normal.
What is the current value of the Sync current configuration Capability setting?
» The expected result is that the field has a value of Sync turned OFF.
__ 5. In the Partition Properties window, select the Hardware tab, then select the Memory tab.
How much memory is currently assigned to the partition?
» The expected answer is that 2 GB of memory is currently assigned to the partition. For
example:

__ 6. Close the Partition Properties window by clicking the Cancel button.

__ 7. Select your AIX partition in the table in the work area, then use the task menu to perform a
DLPAR operation to add 1 GB of memory to the partition.
» First select your AIX partition in the table, then use the cascading menu to select Dynamic
partitioning > Memory > Add or Remove. For example:

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» Change the value in the Assigned memory field in the Gigabytes column to be 3, then click
OK. For example:

__ 8. Locate your AIX partition in the table in the work area of the HMC interface, and click the
partition name to show the Partition Properties window.
__ 9. In the Partition Properties window, select the Hardware tab, then select the Memory tab.
How much memory is assigned to the partition now?

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» The expected result is that there is now 3 GB of memory assigned to the partition. For example:

__ 10. Close the Partition Properties window by clicking the Cancel button.
__ 11. Select your AIX partition in the table in the work area, then use the task menu to edit the
profile being used by the partition.
» First select your AIX partition in the table, then use the cascading menu to select Configuration
> Manage Profiles. For example:

» In the Managed Profiles window, select the Normal profile, then select Actions > Edit.

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» For example:

__ 12. In the Logical Partition Profile Properties window, select the Memory tab. What is the value
of the Desired memory field?
» The expected result is that the Desired memory field has a value of 2 GB. For example:

__ 13. Traditionally, after changing the configuration of a partition using a DLPAR operation, the
administrator would then have to edit the partition profile for the change to be persistent
across partition activations. Alternatively, they could save the current partition configuration
as a new profile, or overwrite the existing profile.

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Click Cancel to close the Logical Partition Profile Properties window. Do not close the
Managed Profiles window, since a later exercise step will examine the profile for the
partition again.
__ 14. Perform a DLPAR operation on your AIX partition to remove the additional memory you
added in a previous step.
__ 15. Click your AIX partition name to show the Partition Properties window. Select the Hardware
tab and then the Memory tab, and confirm that the partition once again has just 2 GB of
memory assigned.
__ 16. Once again, view the Partition Properties window for your partition. Change the Sync
current configuration Capability field to a value of Sync turned ON. Click OK to confirm the
change.
» For example:

__ 17. Select your AIX partition in the table in the work area, then use the task menu to perform a
DLPAR operation to add 1 GB of memory to the partition.
__ 18. Click your AIX partition name to show the Partition Properties window. Select the Hardware
tab and then the Memory tab, and confirm that the partition once again has 3 GB of memory
assigned.
» The expected result is that there is now 3 GB of memory assigned to the partition. For example:

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__ 19. Return to the Managed Profiles window left open from a previous step. Once again, edit the
Normal profile for your AIX partition.
» In the Managed Profiles window, select the Normal profile, then select Actions > Edit.
__ 20. In the Logical Partition Profile Properties window, select the Memory tab. What is the value
of the Desired memory field?
» The expected result is that the Desired memory field now has a value of 3 GB. For example:

__ 21. Change the Desired memory value to 2 GB, and click OK. What happens?

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» The expected result is that a warning message is displayed indicating that the partition currently
has sync enabled. Changing the profile while the partition has sync enabled will result in the
Sync current configuration Capability value being change to sync suspended till next
activation/apply. For example:

__ 22. When the Sync current configuration Capability is enabled, the partition profile should only
be changed when the partition is in the Not Activated state. If the profile is changed when
the partition is running, the sync capability is temporarily disabled until the next time the
partition is activated.
Click Yes to continue with changing the partition profile. Then click Close to close the
Managed Profiles window.
__ 23. Perform a DLPAR operation on your AIX partition to remove the additional memory you
added in a previous step.
__ 24. Click your AIX partition name to show the Partition Properties window. Select the Hardware
tab and then the Memory tab, and confirm that the partition once again has just 2 GB of
memory assigned.
__ 25. Select the General tab in the Partition Properties window. Change the Sync current
configuration Capability field to a value of Sync turned OFF. Click OK to confirm the
change.
__ 26. Log out from the HMC graphical interface.

Part 2: HMC enhanced interface

In this part of the exercise you will gain some experience using the new tasks provided by the HMC
enhanced interface.
__ 27. Using a web browser, connect to your assigned HMC IP address using the https protocol.
__ 28. Select the Enhanced+ Log In mode, and log in to the HMC using the HMC user ID and
password information provided by your instructor.
» Select the Enhanced+ Log In mode as shown in the example below:

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__ 29. From the Toolbar, select Resources > All Systems. Next, select your managed system.
» In the example below, the managed system sys869 has been selected.

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__ 30. From the Actions menu, select View System Properties.
__ 31. In the Menu Pod area, click the Virtual I/O Servers item in the PowerVM section.
__ 32. The Virtual I/O Servers panel shows information about all the VIOS partitions on the
managed system. At the moment, your lab system does not have any VIOS partitions
configured. In a future exercise, you will use the Create Virtual I/O Server button on this
page to configure a new Virtual I/O Server partition.
An example is shown below:

__ 33. Select the Virtual Networks item in PowerVM section of the Menu Pod. At the moment,
your lab system does not have any virtual networks configured. In a future exercise, you will
use the Add Virtual Network button on this page to configure a new virtual network (VLAN)
and configure your AIX partition to access the new network.
An example is shown below:

__ 34. Select the Virtual NICs item in PowerVM section of the Menu Pod. At the moment, your lab
system does not have any Virtual NIC configured. In a future exercise, you will use the
Virtual NICs task to manage the virtual NIC backing devices being used by your AIX
partition.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 35. Select the Virtual Storage item in PowerVM section of the Menu Pod. At the moment, your
lab system does not have any virtual storage resources configured. In a future exercise, you
will use the Virtual Storage task to reconfigure the virtual storage resources being used by
your AIX partition.
An example is shown below:

__ 36. From the Toolbar, select Resources > All Partitions.

__ 37. Select your AIX partition, then from the Actions menu, select View Partition Properties.
In the Enhanced+ HMC interface, DLPAR operation against your partition can be performed
from the Partition Properties view. Operations related to CPU resources, memory, and
physical I/O adapters are handled directly from the related panel, selected from the Menu
Pod.
In the Enhanced+ interface, it is no longer possible to perform DLPAR operations related to
virtual adapters. Instead, virtual networks and virtual storage resources are the managed
object types. The Virtual I/O section allows a partition to be configured to have access to
virtual networks and virtual storage resources. This implicitly will configure an appropriate
virtual adapter in the partition to access the desired resource. Operations related to virtual
networks and virtual storage resources are handled by separate items that are initiated from
the Virtual I/O area of the Menu Pod task.

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» An example is shown below:

__ 38. Select the Memory item from the Properties are in the Menu Pod.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 39. Dynamically add 1 GB of memory to your AIX partition. Click Save to make the change.
» There are multiple ways to change the memory amount. You can either enter a new value in the
Allocated field, move the slider bar until the context value shows the desired value, or click the
arrows at the either end of the slider bar multiple times until the Allocated field shows the
desired value. When the settings are changed from the current values in use by the partition,
the Save button will become available for use. When the Save button is clicked, the DLPAR
operation is performed.

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__ 40. Dynamically remove 1 GB of memory from your AIX partition. Click Save to make the
change.
__ 41. Click the General Properties item in the Menu Pod to go back to the default view of the
partition properties.
__ 42. Let your instructor know you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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Exercise 3. Processor virtualization

configuration
(with hints)

Estimated time
01:00

Overview
This exercise covers configuring shared processor partitions and the advanced processor options.
Students use the lparstat command to see configuration information and statistics specific to
micro-partitions.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Configure a micro-partition with shared processor options
• Configure virtual processors
• Enable and disable SMT on AIX
• Configure capped and uncapped partitions
• View processor-related configuration and statistics with the lparstat command

Introduction
In this exercise, you will configure the advanced processor options for AIX partitions and use tools
to view processor-related configuration and performance information.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• All exercises in this unit depend on the availability of specific equipment. You will need a
computer system connected to the World Wide Web, a web browser, a Telnet program, and a
utility for running SSH. You will also need a managed system capable of running shared
processor partitions. All lab systems need to be accessible to each other on a network.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.
• The hints in this exercise reflect results obtained on a Power System Model 822 with twenty 3.4
GHz processors and a partition running AIX V7.2 Technology Level 0 SP 1. Your system's
specific results might differ, but the overall conclusions should be true for your system.

Part 1: View system configuration and configure processor options

__ 1. Using PuTTY or another tool, open a terminal session to your assigned partition, and log in
as the root user using the password information supplied by your instructor.
__ 2. Run the lparstat command. What is the current configuration of your partition for the
following settings?
Type of processors: ____________________
Processor mode: ____________________
SMT: ____________________
Number of logical CPUs: ____________________
» Here is an example lparstat command and its output:
# lparstat

System configuration: type=Dedicated mode=Donating smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB

%user %sys %wait %idle physc vcsw %nsp %utcyc

----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ----- ------
0.0 4.5 0.0 95.5 0.03 18845730 101 0.79
» Based on the above output, the answers to the above questions are:
▪ Type of processors: Dedicated
▪ Processor mode: Donating
▪ SMT: 4
▪ Number of logical CPUs: 4
__ 3. Shut down your assigned LPAR. You do not need to wait for it to shut down to continue to
the next step.
» In the terminal window to your partition, issue the shutdown -F command.
__ 4. Using your web browser, connect to your assigned HMC. Use the HMC user ID information
provided by your instructor, and log in using the Enhanced+ interface.
__ 5. In this step, you will alter the Normal partition profile for your partition.
__ a. Edit the Normal profile for your partition.

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» From the taskbar, select Resources > All Partitions. This will display all partitions managed by
the HMC across multiple servers.
» Select your assigned partition by clicking the checkbox in the first column of the partition table.
» Choose the Profiles > Manage Profiles task from the Actions menu. In the pop-up window,
select the profile name (Normal), and choose Edit from the Actions menu.
__ b. Change the profile to use shared processors. Configure the processing units to be 0.1
minimum, 0.6 desired, and 1.0 maximum. Leave the properties window open for a few
more steps until you have finished configuring the profile.
» Click the Processors tab in the Logical Partition Profile Properties window.
» In the Processing mode area, select the Shared radio button.
» In the Processing units area, enter 0.1 for the minimum, 0.6 for the desired, and 1.0 for the
maximum parameters.
» Do not click the OK button yet.
__ c. Change both the virtual processor minimum setting and the virtual processor desired
setting to 1. (One or both of these values may already be set to 1.) Set the virtual
processor maximum setting to the maximum allowed for the maximum number of
processing units configured in your partition. Do not click the OK button yet.
» On the same Processors tab you used in the last step, enter 1 in the Minimum virtual
processors field, enter 1 in the Desired virtual processors field, and enter 20 in the
Maximum virtual processors field.
» On POWER8 hardware, the maximum number of virtual processors allowed is up to 20 times
the value entered for maximum processing units, with a maximum value of 1024.
__ d. Set the sharing mode to uncapped by selecting the Uncapped check box, and set the
weight to 100.
» On the same Processors tab you used in the last step, click the Uncapped check box and
enter the value of 100 in the Weight box.
» The Processors tab should now look like the example below.

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__ e. Click the OK button to confirm the changes to the profile. Then click the Close button to
close the Managed Profiles window.
__ 6. Activate your partition with the newly modified Normal profile, and open a console window.
» Your logical partition might still be selected from the last operation. If it is not, click the check
box in the Select column to select it.
» To activate the partition, use the Actions > Activate task.
» On the window that pops up, select Normal from the Partition Configuration combo box and
select Activate (Normal) from Activation Options. Expand the Advanced Settings area and
select the Open vterm option. Leave the rest of the options untouched. Click Finish. A status
window will show a Partition Activated message. Click Close to close the window.
» You might be prompted with a message from the Java runtime environment that an update is
available. If this occurs, select the option to update at a later time.
» You might be prompted with a message from the Java runtime environment indicating that the
connection to the website is untrusted. Select the option to continue.

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» You might be prompted with a message from the Java runtime environment asking if you want
to run the application. If this occurs, select the option to prevent this message from being
shown again, and click Run.
» You might be prompted with a message from the Java runtime environment indicating it has
detected some security concerns with the application. If this occurs, select the option Do not
block.
__ 7. When your partition has finished booting, log in and use the lparstat command to check
the configuration.
» Log in to your partition and run the lparstat command. The output should reflect the changes
you made in the partition profile.
» Here is an example lparstat command and its output that shows the new settings.
# lparstat

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy vcsw phint %nsp %utcyc
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------
0.0 0.0 0.1 99.9 0.00 0.0 2.4 80776 0 101 0.79
__ 8. Use PuTTY or another tool to log in to the HMC command line using SSH. Use your
assigned HMC user ID and password.
__ 9. Use the lshwres command to view the processor settings for your partition. Notice the new
processor settings.
» The command syntax follows. Replace MSname with the actual managed system name and
lparname with the actual LPAR name.
lshwres -r proc -m MSname --level lpar --filter "lpar_names=lparname"
» Here is an example command and its output for the managed system named sys851 and a
partition named sys8692_partition1:
stud5009_1@pokhmc62:~> lshwres -r proc -m sys869 --level lpar --filter \
"lpar_names=sys8692_partition1"
lpar_name=sys8692_partition1,lpar_id=1,curr_shared_proc_pool_id=0,curr_shared_p
roc_pool_name=DefaultPool,curr_proc_mode=shared,curr_min_proc_units=0.1,curr_pr
oc_units=0.6,curr_max_proc_units=1.0,curr_min_procs=1,curr_procs=1,curr_max_pro
cs=20,curr_sharing_mode=uncap,curr_uncap_weight=100,pend_shared_proc_pool_id=0,
pend_shared_proc_pool_name=DefaultPool,pend_proc_mode=shared,pend_min_proc_unit
s=0.1,pend_proc_units=0.6,pend_max_proc_units=1.0,pend_min_procs=1,pend_procs=1
,pend_max_procs=20,pend_sharing_mode=uncap,pend_uncap_weight=100,run_proc_units
=0.6,run_procs=1,run_uncap_weight=100
__ 10. From the console window or from a Telnet session to your logical partition, use the
lparstat AIX command with the -i option and view the information available. Use the man
page for lparstat if you have questions about the output of this command.
» The output of the AIX lparstat -i command shows the processor and memory resources
settings for your partition.

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» Example lparstat -i output:
# lparstat -i
Node Name : sys8692_partition1
Partition Name : sys8692_partition1
Partition Number : 1
Type : Shared-SMT-4
Mode : Uncapped
Entitled Capacity : 0.60
Partition Group-ID : 32769
Shared Pool ID : 0
Online Virtual CPUs : 1
Maximum Virtual CPUs : 20
Minimum Virtual CPUs : 1
Online Memory : 2048 MB
Maximum Memory : 4096 MB
Minimum Memory : 1024 MB
Variable Capacity Weight : 100
Minimum Capacity : 0.10
Maximum Capacity : 1.00
Capacity Increment : 0.01
Maximum Physical CPUs in system : 20
Active Physical CPUs in system : 20
Active CPUs in Pool : 20
Shared Physical CPUs in system : 20
Maximum Capacity of Pool : 2000
Entitled Capacity of Pool : 60
Unallocated Capacity : 0.00
Physical CPU Percentage : 60.00%
Unallocated Weight : 0
Memory Mode : Dedicated
Total I/O Memory Entitlement : -
Variable Memory Capacity Weight : -
Memory Pool ID : -
Physical Memory in the Pool : -
Hypervisor Page Size : -
Unallocated Variable Memory Capacity Weight: -
Unallocated I/O Memory entitlement : -
Memory Group ID of LPAR : -
Desired Virtual CPUs : 1
Desired Memory : 2048 MB
Desired Variable Capacity Weight : 100
Desired Capacity : 0.60
Target Memory Expansion Factor : -
Target Memory Expansion Size : -
Power Saving Mode : Disabled
Sub Processor Mode : -

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__ 11. Run the lparstat command with an interval of 1 and count of 4. Notice the fields that are
displayed. Without the interval and count arguments, the statistics shown are from the last
boot.
» Example lparstat output:
# lparstat 1 4

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy vcsw phint %nsp %utcyc
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------
0.0 0.1 0.0 99.9 0.00 0.6 0.0 151 0 101 0.73
0.0 0.1 0.0 99.9 0.00 0.5 0.0 153 0 101 0.72
0.0 0.1 0.0 99.9 0.00 0.5 0.0 155 0 101 0.73
0.0 0.1 0.0 99.9 0.00 0.4 0.0 151 0 101 0.70
__ 12. What is the available shared processing pool statistic that may or may not be displayed in
the lparstat output? If it does not display in the lparstat output on your system, configure
your partition it so that it does. How do you do this?
Once you reconfigure the partition, run lparstat again to make sure the statistic displays in
the output.
» The statistic is app. It is not visible in the lparstat output shown in the hints for the previous
step.
» To configure the partition to show this app statistic, click your assigned partition name hyperlink
in the All Partitions table view. In the General Properties view, click the Advanced button then
select the Enable Performance Information Collection check box, as shown in this example:

» Click Save to apply partition configuration changes.

» Run lparstat again in your partition. You should see a new app field, which is the amount of
available (that is, free) shared processing units in the shared processor pool. If the app statistic
does not appear in the lparstat output, make sure you enabled it correctly. If you confirm that
you enabled it correctly and it still does not appear, shut down your partition and reactivate it.

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» Here is an example lparstat output with this app field:
# lparstat 1 4

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint %nsp %utcyc
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ --- ----- ----- ----- ------
0.1 0.2 0.0 99.7 0.00 0.7 0.0 19.88 152 0 101 0.74
0.0 0.1 0.0 99.9 0.00 0.4 0.0 19.77 152 0 101 0.71
0.0 0.1 0.0 99.9 0.00 0.4 0.0 19.77 148 0 101 0.69
0.0 0.1 0.0 99.9 0.00 0.4 0.0 19.83 149 0 101 0.71
__ 13. Disable simultaneous multi-threading (SMT); then run the lsdev -c processor command
to list the virtual processors. You should see the output like this:
# lsdev -c processor
proc0 Available 00-00 Processor
The output shown above lists one available processor called proc0. Your LPAR has 0.60
processing units. Can you explain what this output of the lsdev command means?
» To disable simultaneous multi-threading, use the smtctl -m off command.
» The lsdev command lists the processors that the operating system sees. When a partition is
using dedicated processors, lsdev shows physical processors. When a partition is using
shared processors, lsdev shows virtual processors (that is, the number of physical processors
the partition thinks it has). Since your partition is now running with shared processors and has
only one virtual processor, the lsdev -c processor command will report one available
processor.
» Also, observe the logical processors (lcpu) using the lparstat command. There should be only
1 lcpu per virtual processor when SMT is disabled:
# lparstat

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=Off lcpu=1 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60
__ 14. Enable 2-way simultaneous multi-threading, and run the lsdev -c processor command
again. Is the output different? Why or why not?
» POWER8 supports 2-way, 4-way, and 8-way SMT. To enable 2-way SMT, use the smtctl -t 2
command.
» The lsdev -c processor command output is the same as in the previous step because this is
a shared processor partition and the command lists virtual processors (not logical processors).
Enabling or disabling SMT changes the number of logical processors, but not the number of
virtual processors.
__ 15. Run the lparstat command to list the logical processors. Observe the 2-way simultaneous
multi-threading (SMT) supported by POWER8.

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» POWER8 supports 2-way, 4-way, and 8-way SMT. To enable 2-way SMT, use the smtctl -t 2
command. Observe the logical processor (lpcu) count using the lparstat command:
# lparstat

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=On lcpu=2 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60
__ 16. Enable 4-way simultaneous multi-threading, then run the lparstat command to list the
logical processors.
» To enable 4-way SMT, use either the smtctl -m on command or the smtctl -t 4 command.
Again, observe the lparstat output:
# lparstat

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60
__ 17. Enable 8-way simultaneous multi-threading, then run the lparstat command to list the
logical processors.
» To enable 8-way SMT, use the smtctl -t 8 command. Again, observe the lparstat output:
# lparstat

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=8 lcpu=8 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60
__ 18. Dynamically add two more virtual processors to your partition, then run the lsdev -c
processor command again. What does the output show now?
» To dynamically add two more virtual processors, select your partition in the HMC interface All
Partitions table view, and start the Actions > View Partition Properties task.
» In the page that opens, click Processors in the Menu Pod area. Enter 3 as the Allocated value
for Virtual Processors and click Save.
» In your partition's terminal window, run lsdev -c processor again. The output should look
similar to this:
# lsdev -c processor
proc0 Available 00-00 Processor
proc8 Available 00-08 Processor
proc16 Available 00-16 Processor
» Now AIX sees three processors. These are the virtual processors.
__ 19. Run the lparstat command again with no options. How many logical processors are in the
partition?
» The lparstat command will show twenty four logical processors (lcpu=24) because there are
three virtual processors configured in the partition and simultaneous multi-threading 8 is
enabled. There are eight logical processors for each virtual processor. We know that

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simultaneous multi-threading is enabled because the lparstat command shows smt=8 in the
configuration line at the top.
# lparstat

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=8 lcpu=24 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint %nsp %utcyc
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ --- ----- ----- ----- ------
0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.00 0.0 1.0 18.79 544502 0 101 0.78

Part 2: Viewing shared processor utilization

__ 20. Open a Telnet or SSH session to your LPAR, and run the following command to put a
processing load on the partition:
yes | sum &
You can minimize this window. Leave this command running for the rest of the exercise.
__ 21. Open a second Telnet session or use a console window for your partition. Run the following
command:
lparstat 1 4
Look at the %entc and physc values. What do you notice?
» Example command and output:
# lparstat 1 4

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=8 lcpu=24 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint %nsp %utcyc
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ --- ----- ----- ----- ------
49.3 2.0 0.0 48.7 1.47 245.4 8.8 18.12 9954 0 101 0.77
48.9 2.4 0.0 48.8 1.47 245.0 4.4 18.18 9862 0 101 0.77
48.9 2.4 0.0 48.8 1.47 244.9 8.4 18.14 9896 0 101 0.77
49.2 2.0 0.0 48.8 1.47 245.6 8.2 18.27 9990 0 101 0.77
» Some things to notice include:
▪ This is an uncapped partition because the total %entc exceeds 100%. The %entc value is
about 245% of the LPAR capacity entitlement of 0.6.
▪ The physc value is approximately 1.47 and corresponds to the physical CPU capacity
consumed by your LPAR. When you are using 1.47 physc with a configured entitled
capacity of 0.6, it is correct to see the %entc at approximately 245%.
__ 22. From the output of lparstat 1 4, what is the capacity of the shared processor pool? Also,
are there any excess cycles available? How could you answer this question?

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» The psize value displayed in the initial configuration line of the output indicates the number of
processors in the shared pool. As an alternative, you can look at this line in the lparstat -i
output:
Active CPUs in Pool : 20
» To find out if there are available cycles in the pool, you can run lparstat 1 4 and look at the
value in the app column to see if there is any available shared processor pool capacity. Here is
an example command and its output:
# lparstat 1 4

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=8 lcpu=24 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint %nsp %utcyc
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ --- ----- ----- ----- ------
49.3 2.0 0.0 48.7 1.47 245.4 8.8 18.12 9954 0 101 0.77
48.9 2.4 0.0 48.8 1.47 245.0 4.4 18.18 9862 0 101 0.77
48.9 2.4 0.0 48.8 1.47 244.9 8.4 18.14 9896 0 101 0.77
49.2 2.0 0.0 48.8 1.47 245.6 8.2 18.27 9990 0 101 0.77
» In the lparstat with an interval output, we see that app is not zero. The available (unused)
capacity in the shared processor pool depends on the consumption of all the configured LPARs
using the shared processor pool on your system. Depending on what activity is running on the
other LPARs, the app column value can be different from the example.
» In this example, the app column value shows that just over18 processor units are unused in the
shared processor pool.
__ 23. Use the HMC GUI to dynamically change the virtual processor setting for your partition back
to one.
» To dynamically remove two virtual processors, select your partition in the HMC interface All
Partitions table view, and start the Actions > View Partition Properties task.
» In the page that opens, click Processors in the Menu Pod area. Enter 1 as the Allocated value
for Virtual Processors and click Save.
__ 24. Run the lparstat 1 4 command again. What do you notice? Can you explain the physc
value?

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» Example command and its output:
# lparstat 1 4

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=8 lcpu=8 mem=2048MB

psize=20 ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint %nsp %utcyc
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ --- ----- ----- ----- ------
58.8 1.8 0.0 39.5 1.00 166.7 16.8 18.79 9253 0 101 0.79
58.6 1.8 0.0 39.6 1.00 166.5 16.9 18.85 9197 0 101 0.79
58.7 1.8 0.0 39.5 1.00 166.5 16.1 18.57 9305 0 101 0.79
58.7 1.8 0.0 39.5 1.00 166.5 16.2 18.78 9301 0 101 0.79
» Some things to notice include:
▪ %entc decreased and is at approximately 166%. This is consistent with a partition
configured as uncapped where it has one virtual processor and has an entitled capacity of
0.6. It is using physc of 1.00, which is consistent with using the entire capacity of one virtual
processor for this uncapped partition. When you are using 1.0 physc but are configured for
0.6 entitled capacity, it is correct to see the %entc value at 166%.
__ 25. Your assigned partition should still be running the "yes | sum &" command. Run the
lparstat 1 4 command; then use the HMC GUI to dynamically change your partition to be
a capped mode partition. Then run the lparstat 1 4 command again. Compare the two
outputs. What do you notice?
» Example lparstat 1 4 command output when the partition is uncapped:
# lparstat 1 4

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB

psize=16 ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ --- ----- -----
72.3 2.9 0.0 24.7 1.00 166.2 32.2 13.27 23694 6
73.6 3.3 0.0 23.1 1.00 166.6 31.8 14.51 23541 6
71.0 2.8 0.0 26.2 1.00 166.6 31.5 12.86 23652 3
72.4 2.9 0.0 24.7 1.00 166.6 31.2 13.47 23649 0
» To change the partition from uncapped to capped, select your partition in the All Partitions table
view and start the Actions > View Partition Properties task. In the page that opens, click
Processors in the Menu Pod area. The page contains a switch to change the partition
configuration between Capped and Uncapped. Currently the switch is in the Uncapped
position. Move the switch to the Capped position and click Save.

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» Example lparstat 1 4 command output when the partition is capped:
# lparstat 1 4

System configuration: type=Shared mode=Capped smt=8 lcpu=8 mem=2048MB psize=20

ent=0.60

%user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint %nsp %utcyc
----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ --- ----- ----- ----- ------
58.3 1.8 0.0 39.9 0.60 99.6 16.5 19.23 5698 0 101 0.79
58.6 1.8 0.0 39.6 0.60 99.9 16.8 19.03 5702 0 101 0.79
58.4 2.2 0.0 39.5 0.60 99.9 16.8 19.37 5642 0 101 0.79
58.4 2.1 0.0 39.5 0.60 99.9 16.8 19.33 5644 0 101 0.79
» What you should notice about the two outputs is that the physc in the capped partition only goes
as high as the entitled capacity, which is 0.60. The %entc now does not go higher than 100%. In
some cases it may be a little more than 100% due to rounding errors.
__ 26. Stop the "yes | sum &" command, and close any terminal windows that are open.
__ 27. Let your instructor know you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter

configuration
(with hints)

Estimated time
01:15

Overview
This exercise covers the configuration of a virtual Ethernet network for LPAR communication. It
explores the operations involved with managing virtual Ethernet adapters.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Configure network communication between two partitions using virtual Ethernet adapters, and
test the POWER Hypervisor provided VLAN connection
• Configure a virtual Ethernet adapter with an additional VLAN ID and configure a VLAN adapter
in your AIX partition

Introduction
In this exercise, you create and configure a virtual Ethernet adapter and test the connectivity
between your partition and another student's partition. You will use both the HMC graphical
interface and HMC commands to complete the tasks.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• This exercise depends on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will
need:
▪ A managed system configured with at least one partition per student running AIX V7.2.
▪ A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (using web user interface or
SSH).
▪ Network connectivity that is set up to allow all the systems to communicate properly.
▪ Note that the screen captures in this and subsequent exercises are suggestive in nature
and the screens you will see might differ depending on the hardware setup or the version of
the HMC and VIOS. Ensure that you understand the steps, and if you have any doubt, feel
free to speak to your instructor.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Part 1: Configuring a virtual Ethernet connection (simple configuration)

In this part of the exercise, you use the HMC to create a virtual Ethernet adapter for your partition,
and you configure the virtual Ethernet adapter and the corresponding AIX network interface. You
and another student will use the same VLAN ID for the virtual Ethernet adapter configuration. You
will test the connection to the partition configured on the same VLAN and check that you are not
able to ping other partitions.
The following diagram shows the network topology that students will configure during part one of
the exercise. It represents the partitions hosted on a single managed server for four students.

__ 1. Start a browser, and connect to your assigned HMC using the Classic log in selection. Use
the user ID and password provided by your instructor.

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__ 2. Navigate to the Partitions view for your managed system, and check the status of your
partition. Your partition should be running for this part of the exercise. If it is not, activate it
using the Normal profile. Continue to the next step without waiting for the activation to
complete.
» Expand the Systems Management item in the navigation area of the HMC interface. Expand
the Servers item, and then select your assigned managed system. This will display the partition
table view for your server in the work area of the interface.
» Select your LPAR in the working pane; then use the Tasks menu to initiate the partition
activation (Operations > Activate > Profile).
__ 3. Dynamically add a virtual Ethernet adapter to your partition. Create the adapter with the
lowest available virtual slot number, and assign it the Port Virtual Ethernet (VLAN ID) value
shown in the table below.
Table 1. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration
Student number Port Virtual Ethernet (VLAN ID) IP address
1 1 1.1.1.1
2 1 1.1.1.2
3 2 1.1.1.3
4 2 1.1.1.4

» Select your LPAR in the working pane, and then use the context menu or the Tasks pad to
access the Dynamic partitioning > Virtual Adapters task.
» On the Actions menu, select Create Virtual Adapter > Ethernet Adapter...
» In the screen that pops up, change the VLAN ID to the corresponding value and click OK. Do
not select any other check boxes, and verify that the VSwitch field is set with the value
ETHERNET0(Default). Here is an example where the virtual LAN ID of 2 is entered for the
partition:

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» The Virtual Adapters dialog screen should now look like this:

» Click OK to create the virtual Ethernet adapter.

__ 4. Since you added the virtual Ethernet adapter dynamically, what must you do to have AIX
recognize the new device? Use PuTTY or another tool to log in to your partition using SSH
or Telnet, log in as root, and run the command to configure the virtual Ethernet adapter. Use
the lsdev command to see the list of configured devices, and then verify that there is one
new virtual Ethernet adapter available.
» The important step is to run the cfgmgr command.
» Here are example commands and output. In this example, ent2 is the new virtual Ethernet
adapter.
# lsdev | grep ent
ent0 Available 01-00 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent1 Available 01-01 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
# cfgmgr
# lsdev | grep ent
ent0 Available 01-00 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent1 Available 01-01 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)

In the following steps, you will use commands to check the virtual Ethernet configuration from
the AIX command-line interface.
__ 5. Use the entstat -d command to check the port VLAN ID of the virtual Ethernet adapter.
» Here is example command and output information.
# entstat -d ent2 | grep ID
Invalid VLAN ID Packets: 0
Port VLAN ID: 2
VLAN Tag IDs: None
Switch ID: ETHERNET0
__ 6. Use the lscfg AIX command to list the virtual slot ID of the virtual Ethernet adapter.
» Virtual slot ID is mentioned in the physical location code; use the lscfg command.

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» Here is example command and output information. In this example, the virtual Ethernet adapter
is located in virtual slot ID 2 (as indicated by C2 in the location code).
# lscfg -l ent2
ent2 U8284.22A.216BE6V-V1-C2-T1 Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)
__ 7. List the MAC address of the virtual Ethernet adapter from the AIX CLI. You can use lscfg
or entstat.
» Here are example commands and outputs.
# entstat -d ent2 | grep Address
Hardware Address: ca:40:fa:62:3b:02
# lscfg -vl ent2 | grep Address
Network Address.............CA40FA623B02
__ 8. Log in to the HMC CLI using the ssh command, and list the configuration of the virtual
Ethernet adapter on your partition.
» Here are example commands and output.
magyar@pok-devhmc1:~> lshwres -r virtualio --rsubtype eth -m sys869 --level lpar
--filter lpar_names=sys8692_partition1
lpar_name=sys8692_partition1,lpar_id=1,slot_num=2,state=1,is_required=0,is_trun
k=0,ieee_virtual_eth=0,port_vlan_id=1,vswitch=ETHERNET0,addl_vlan_ids=,mac_addr
=CA40FA623B02,allowed_os_mac_addrs=all,qos_priority=none
__ 9. View the virtual network topology. Using the HMC web user interface, select your partition in
the Partitions view, and use the Dynamic partitioning > Virtual Adapters task. On the
Actions menu, select Create Virtual Adapter > Ethernet Adapter.... In the screen that
pops up, click View Virtual Network. Select Ethernet0(Default) as the VSwitch, then select
your VLAN. The network details will then be displayed, showing that partitions currently
connected to the selected VLAN. Click Close and Cancel twice to exit without creating a
new virtual adapter.

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__ 10. Now it is time to configure the network interface on the newly added virtual Ethernet adapter
in your AIX partition. Use the smitty chinet fastpath, and select the interface
corresponding to the virtual adapter. In the example from the last step, you would configure
the en2 interface. Use the IP address shown in Table 1 according to your student number,
set 255.255.255.0 for the netmask, and change the current STATE to up. Press the Enter
key to run the command, and press F10 or Esc 0 to exit SMIT when the operation is
completed successfully.
__ 11. List the IP routing table of your partition, and verify that IP routes are created using the
corresponding interface.

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» Here are example commands and output.
# netstat -rn
Routing tables
Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use If Exp Groups

Route tree for Protocol Family 2 (Internet):

default 10.8.9.254 UG 2 42578 en0 - -
1.1.0 1.1.1.1 UHSb 0 0 en2 - - =>
1.1/24 1.1.1.1 U 0 0 en2 - -
1.1.1 127.0.0.1 UGHS 0 2 lo0 - -
1.1.255 1.1.1.1 UHSb 0 0 en2 - -
8.9.0 10.8.9.41 UHSb 0 0 en0 - - =>
8.9/24 10.8.9.41 U 1 80 en0 - -
8.9.41 127.0.0.1 UGHS 0 1 lo0 - -
8.9.255 10.8.9.41 UHSb 0 4 en0 - -
127/8 127.0.0.1 U 3 66817 lo0 - -

Route tree for Protocol Family 24 (Internet v6):

::1%1 ::1%1 UH 1 18537 lo0 - -
__ 12. Coordinate with the other student using the same VLAN for their partition on the same
managed system (refer to Table 2). Ping the IP address of their partition on the 1.1.1.X
network. Verify that the two virtual Ethernet adapters can communicate.
» Here are example commands and outputs.
# ping -c 3 1.1.1.2
PING 1.1.1.2 (1.1.1.2): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0 ms
64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0 ms
64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0 ms

--- 1.1.1.2 ping statistics ---

3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/0 ms
__ 13. Test the speed of the virtual network; 1 megabyte should be transferred in less than 10
milliseconds. This test should not be considered as a performance measurement; it is just
given as an example. Use the ftp command to connect to your partner's partition using the
1.1.1.X network; then type binary to transfer data in binary format, and type the following
command to send 1 MB of data:
put "|dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1" /dev/null

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» Here are example commands and outputs.
# ftp 1.1.1.2
Connected to 1.1.1.2.
220 sys8511_partition2 FTP server (Version 4.2 Tue Feb 19 19:37:47 CST 2013)
ready.
Name (1.1.1.2:root): root
331 Password required for root.
Password:
230-Last login: Sun Feb 8 00:05:04 2015 on /dev/pts/0 from 10.8.3.13
230 User root logged in.
ftp> binary
200 Type set to I.
ftp> put "|dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1" /dev/null
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening data connection for /dev/null.
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
226 Transfer complete.
1048576 bytes sent in 0.009479 seconds (1.08e+05 Kbytes/s)
local: |dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1 remote: /dev/null
ftp> bye
__ 14. Verify that you cannot ping a partition defined on a different VLAN.
» Here is an example showing the ping command and its output.
# ping -c 1 1.1.1.3
PING 1.1.1.3: (1.1.1.3): 56 data bytes
----1.1.1.3 PING Statistics----
1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss

Part 2: Configuring additional VLANs

In this part of the exercise, you will dynamically change the configuration of your partition so that it
can participate on two VLANs.
The following diagram shows the network topology that students will configure during part two of
the exercise. Notice that the part one configuration remains unchanged, and you will perform the
steps to add the additional VLAN. The final configuration allows all partitions in the same server to
communicate with each other on the VLAN with ID 4.

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__ 15. Dynamically change the configuration of the existing virtual Ethernet adapter in your
allocated partition so that it can participate on two VLANs. Specify the additional VLAN ID 4.
In a later step, you will configure the respective network interface with an IP address
according to the following table.
Table 2. Additional VLAN ID configuration
Student number IEEE 802.1Q Additional IP Address for the new
VLAN ID VLAN interface
1 4 4.4.4.1
2 4 4.4.4.2
3 4 4.4.4.3
4 4 4.4.4.4

» Click the Systems Management link in the HMC navigation area.

» Expand the Servers list so that you can select your managed system.
» Select your LPAR in the working pane, and then use the context menu or the Tasks pad to
access the Dynamic partitioning > Virtual Adapters task.
» Select the virtual Ethernet adapter that you created earlier. Click the Edit option in the Actions
menu.
» In the window that opens, select the IEEE 802.1q compatible adapter check box and enter the
additional VLAN ID in the Add VLAN ID field. Then click the Add button so that the VLAN ID
appears in the Additional VLAN IDs list.
» Here is an example:

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» Click OK on this screen, and then click OK again to close the Virtual Adapters window.
__ 16. In a terminal connected to your partition, run lsdev -C | grep ent to list all Ethernet
adapters. Is a VLAN device entry listed?
________________________________________________________________
» Here is an example command and its output.
# lsdev -C | grep ent
ent0 Available 01-00 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent1 Available 01-01 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)

» No VLAN entry is in this output.

__ 17. Use the entstat -d command to check the VLAN IDs of the virtual Ethernet adapter. Does
the additional VLAN ID show up in the output?
» Here is example command and output information showing the newly added additional VLAN
ID in the VLAN Tag IDs field.
# entstat -d ent2 | grep ID
Invalid VLAN ID Packets: 0
Port VLAN ID: 1
VLAN Tag IDs: 4
Switch ID: ETHERNET0
__ 18. Use the smit addvlan fastpath command to create a new AIX VLAN pseudo device
instance associated with the additional VLAN ID that you just added to the virtual Ethernet
adapter that you created previously. Do not specify a VLAN priority in the SMIT menu.

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» Here is an example of the addvlan SMIT screen where the VLAN ID 4 has been entered:
Add A VLAN

Type or select values in entry fields.

Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.

[Entry Fields]
VLAN Base Adapter ent2
* VLAN Tag ID [4] +#
VLAN Priority [] +#
__ 19. List all Ethernet adapters in your partition. Is there a new AIX VLAN device entry now?
____________________________________________________________
» You should now see a VLAN pseudo device listed in the lsdev output. Here is an example of
the lsdev command and its output showing that there is now a new ent4 instance listed as a
VLAN.
# lsdev -C | grep ent
ent0 Available 01-00 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent1 Available 01-01 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)
ent3 Available VLAN

__ 20. Use the smit chinet fastpath command to configure the interface of the new VLAN
device. Select the interface, and use the IP address mentioned in Table 1. It should be
similar to 4.4.4.x, where x is your student number. Use 255.255.255.0 for the network mask,
and set the current state to up. Press Enter to execute the command.
__ 21. In this part of the lab exercise, all the students on the same server have a network interface
defined on the VLAN ID number 4 and configured with an IP address on the 4.4.4.x subnet.
Synchronize with another student and ping their partition using the corresponding 4.4.4.X
address. Is the ping successful now?
» Here is an example showing the ping command and its output. Partition1 pings partition3
successfully.
# ping -c 2 4.4.4.3
PING 4.4.4.3: (4.4.4.3): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 4.4.4.3: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0 ms
64 bytes from 4.4.4.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0 ms

----4.4.4.3 PING Statistics----

2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max
= 0/0/0 ms
Adding a second virtual Ethernet adapter using a port default VLAN ID instead of adding an
additional VLAN ID on the existing virtual Ethernet adapter would have resulted in an
equivalent TCP/IP configuration. For this reason, AIX VLAN adapters are not frequently
used in the virtualized environment.
__ 22. Log out from your HMC graphical session.

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Part 3: HMC enhanced interface
In this part of the exercise, you use the enhanced HMC graphical interface to configure a new
virtual network on the managed system, and reconfigure your assigned partition to access the new
network.
__ 23. Start your browser, and connect to your assigned HMC using the Enhanced+ log in
selection. Use the user ID and password provided by your instructor.
__ 24. Navigate to the Partitions view for your managed system.
» From the Toolbar, select Resources > All Systems. The list of the systems managed by the
HMC will appear. Double-click the manage system assigned to the lab exercise. This will
display the partition table view for your server.
» Use the PowerVM section in the Menu Pod area.
__ 25. Select the Virtual Networks item.
__ 26. Click the Add Virtual Network button located above the left side of the table that displays
the existing virtual networks configured on the managed system. This will start a dialog to
configure an additional virtual network (VLAN).
__ 27. On the Network Name page of the dialog, enter the information for the new virtual network
based on the table shown below, then click Next.

Table 3. Virtual Network configuration

Student number Virtual network name Type of virtual network VLAN ID
1 VLAN10-ETHERNET0 Internal network 10
2 VLAN20-ETHERNET0 Internal network 20
3 VLAN30-ETHERNET0 Internal network 30
4 VLAN40-ETHERNET0 Internal network 40

» Here is an example:

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__ 28. On the Summary page of the dialog, check the details of the virtual network, then click
Finish to create the network.
» Here is an example:

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__ 29. On the Virtual Networks page, confirm that the new network is now listed in the table of
virtual networks configured on the managed system.
» Here is an example:

» Select Partitions item in the Menu Pod to go back to partition list view. Click the name of your
partition in the Partitions view to open its Properties.
» Select the Virtual Networks item in the Menu Pod area’s Virtual I/O section.

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» Click the Manage Network Connections button located above the right side of the table that
displays the virtual networks the partition is currently configured to access. This will display a
table that can be used to configure the virtual networks that can be accessed by the partition.
» Here is an example of the new table that is displayed:

__ 30. Select the Show and assign new virtual ethernet adapters option, then select the new
virtual network you added to the managed system in Step 28.
» Here is an example with the Show and assign new virtual ethernet adapters option and a
desired virtual network selected:

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__ 31. Click OK to add a new virtual Ethernet adapter configured for the selected virtual network to
your partition.
__ 32. Confirm that the new virtual network is listed in the table of virtual networks accessed by the
partition when the operation completes.
» Here is an example:

» In your AIX partition, run the cfgmgr command to configure the newly added virtual Ethernet
adapter. Use the lsdev command to see the list of configured devices, and then verify that
there is one new virtual Ethernet adapter available.
Here are example commands and output. In this example, ent3 is the new virtual Ethernet
adapter.
# lsdev | grep ent
ent0 Available 01-00 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent1 Available 01-01 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)
ent3 Available VLAN
# cfgmgr
# lsdev | grep ent
ent0 Available 01-00 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent1 Available 01-01 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)
ent3 Available VLAN
ent4 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)

__ 33. Shut down your partition using the shutdown -F AIX command.
__ 34. Let your instructor know that you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server

configuration
(with hints)

Estimated time
01:30

Overview
This exercise covers the installation and configuration of a virtual I/O server partition. You will also
create and examine a system template.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Create a virtual I/O server partition
• Install the virtual I/O server operating system
• Configure the virtual I/O server to bridge a virtual network using a Shared Ethernet Adapter
(SEA)
• Create and examine a system template.

Introduction
This exercise is presented in four parts.
• Part 1: Create the VIO server partition
• Part 2: Install the virtual I/O server operating system
• Part 3: Configure a Shared Ethernet Adapter on the virtual I/O server
• Part 4: Create and examine a system template

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• This exercise depends on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will
need:
▪ A managed system on which to configure a VIO server partition.
▪ A NIM server prepared with corresponding VIOS install resources.
▪ A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (using SSH) and to access
the HMC web user interface.
▪ Network connectivity that is set up to allow all the systems to communicate properly.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.
Notice that two kinds of LUNs are assigned to the Fibre Channel adapter that will be configured in
your VIO Server partition.
Three non-shared LUNs (LUNS assigned to only one Fibre Channel adapter):
• One of the non-shared LUNs will be used as the rootvg disk for the installation of the VIO server
operating system. It should be 30 GB in size.
• One non-shared LUN (8 GB in size) will be used in the next exercise as the virtual SCSI disk for
the initial configuration of your client partition.
• The other non-shared LUN (8 GB in size) will be used in the next exercise when deploying a
partition template. The partition deployed from the template will be removed at the end of the
exercise, allowing the disk to be used in an optional exercise to create a storage pool for
file-backed disks and a virtual media repository.
Two shared LUNs (LUNS assigned to several Fibre Channel adapters):
• You will assign one of the shared LUNs (10 GB in size) to your client AIX partition in a future
exercise to configure MPIO.
When performing partition creation tasks, use the VLAN IDs and LPAR names assigned by your
instructor.

Part 1: Create the VIO server partition

In this part of the exercise, you will use the physical slots of your existing assigned LPAR as the
physical slots for the virtual I/O server partition.
__ 1. Start your browser, and log in to your assigned HMC using the Enhanced+ log in selection.
Use the user ID and password information provided by your instructor.
__ 2. Navigate to the Partitions view for your managed system, and check the status of your
existing AIX partition. Your partition should be in the Not activated state for this part of the
exercise. If it is running, shutdown the partition. Continue to the next step without waiting for
the shutdown to complete.

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__ 3. Open the partition's Properties page and note all the physical I/O slots that have been
assigned to it. There should be one Ethernet adapter, and one Fibre Channel adapter.
Record the adapter slot information here (it will be used later when creating the VIOS
partition).
Ethernet adapter slot: _______________________________________________
Fibre Channel adapter slot: ___________________________________________
» If your partition is running, issue the shutdown -F AIX command, or select the partition in the
Partitions view, and perform the Actions > Shut Down task, selecting the Operating System
Immediate option.
• In the HMC interface, select your assigned partition in the Partitions view, and choose View
Partition Properties in the Actions menu, or simply click the partition name in the table. Select
the Physical I/O Adapter item from the Menu Pod and note all the slots that the partition
currently owns. In the following example, this partition owns (or is remembered to have owned)
slot C11 (Ethernet adapter) and slot C7 (Fibre Channel adapter).

» Make a note of the complete slot number information for each adapter, not just the last portion
of the slot. For example, record U78CB.001.WZS06PK-P1-C7, not just C7. This is because
some managed systems may have multiple I/O enclosures, and each enclosure may have a
slot called C7. The complete slot information identifies the I/O enclosure that contains the slot.
__ 4. When your assigned partition is shut down, close any open console window, and then
delete the partition.
» Select your assigned partition in the work area; then choose Actions > Delete Partition.
__ 5. Open the Properties view for the managed system and select Virtual I/O Servers view.
» Make sure no partitions are selected in the Partitions view for the managed system, then select
Virtual I/O Servers from the Menu Pod.
__ 6. On the Virtual I/O Servers view, click the Create Virtual I/O Server button to create a new
VIOS partition. On the first page of the wizard, enter the partition name provided by your
instructor, and use your student ID as the partition ID. Click Next to continue.

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» Enter the partition name provided by your instructor in the VIOS Name field, and enter your
student ID in the Partition ID field, then click Next.
» An example is shown below:
▪ The examples shown in the hints for the remainder of this exercise will show only the
relevant portion of the wizard instead of the entire page.

__ 7. Configure the processor resources of the VIOS partition according to the information in the
table below, then click Next.
Table 1. Processor configuration details
Parameter Value
Processor Mode Shared
Capped or Uncapped Uncapped
Weight 255
Processing Units: Maximum 1.0
Processing Units: Desired 0.5
Processing Units: Minimum 0.1
Virtual Processors: Maximum 10
Virtual Processors: Desired 2
Virtual Processors: Minimum 1

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» An example is shown below:

__ 8. Configure the memory resources of the VIOS partition according to the information in the
table below, then click Next.
Table 2. Processor configuration details
Parameter Value (MB)
Memory Allocation: Maximum 4096
Memory Allocation: Desired 4096
Memory Allocation: Minimum 2048

» An example is shown below:

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__ 9. Expand the Physical I/O Adapters information. Select the two adapters with the physical
location codes (slot information) that you recorded in Step 3, then click Next.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 10. On the Configuration Summary page, select the option to Apply Configuration then click
Finish to create the VIOS partition.
» An example is shown below:

__ 11. When the operation to create the VIOS partition and apply the configuration completes
successfully, click Close to shut the Add VIOS wizard.
» An example is shown below:

Part 2: Install the VIO server partition from NIM

__ 12. NIM resources have already been allocated on the NIM master for installing your virtual I/O
server. Ask your instructor for confirmation.

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__ 13. You need an IP address for the VIO server partition, and you need to know the NIM server
IP address for the network boot operation. Ask your instructor for your assigned IP
addresses. Enter them in the following table.
Table 3. IP addresses for your VIOS partition
VIO server IP address
NIM server IP address
Netmask
Gateway address

__ 14. From the Virtual I/O Servers view, activate your Virtual I/O Server LPAR.

» In the Virtual I/O Servers view, select your VIOS partition, and select Actions > Activate from
the context menu.
__ 15. In the Activate Virtual I/O Server window, for Activation Options select Install to initiate
Virtual I/O server installation during the activation, then click Next.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 16. After clicking Next, you should see an opaque transitional window appear indicating that
network adapters are being discovered in the partition. This may take a few minutes.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 17. Once the network adapters in the partition have been discovered, the window will prompt for
information that will be used to install the Virtual I/O Server operating system. Select the
option to use a NIM Server as the installation source. Ensure that the T1 port of the
Ethernet adapter is indicated in the drop-down selection list, then enter the information for
the NIM Server IP Address, IP Address (to be used by the VIOS partition), Subnet Mask and
Gateway. Click Next to begin the installation of the VIOS operating system.
» An example is shown below:

» On the next page of the VIOS install wizard, click Start to initiate Virtual I/O Server installation.
A progress bar will show the current status of the installation.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 18. It will take a few minutes for the HMC to activate the VIOS partition, interact with the
firmware menus to configure the partition with the desired IP address, and then initiate a
network boot from the specified NIM server. Click Monitor VTerm to display detailed output
about these tasks. Eventually the output should indicate that the network boot is
proceeding, and that lpar_netboot is exiting.
» An example is shown below:

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» Depending on your environment, the install may complete in about ten minutes.
» When the installation is completed, accept Virtual I/O Server licenses by checking the Accept
License checkbox in the install wizard.
» An example is shown below:

» Click the Finish button to close the install wizard.

» Note that under some circumstances, the Finish button will not turn to available. In this case
you can use the Cancel button to finish the installation.
» Log in to the Virtual I/O Server as padmin using the password provided by your instructor.
» Use the configuration assistant command for the VIOS, cfgassist, to set the date and time
zone for the partition. The cfgassist command is menu-driven and allows administrators to
manage some of the initial setup requirements of the Virtual I/O Server. The new time zone will
take effect after the next time the operating system reboots. You can also use the chdate
command to change the date and time zone.

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» You should see a screen similar this one:

» From the cfgassist menu, select Set Date and TimeZone.

» You can also use the chdate command and the following option in the CLI (where
mmddHHMMYYYY is the actual month, date, hour, minutes, and year, and TZ is the time zone):
chdate mmddHHMMYYYY -timezone TZ
» For example, set the date to 2016 August 24th, 7:30 for Hungary:
chdate 082407302016 -timezone NFT-1DFT
__ 19. Type help to list all commands available on the VIOS.

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Here is the output of the help command for release 2.2.4.10 of the Virtual I/O Server. Use the
ioslevel command to determine your Virtual I/O Server software release level.
$ help
Install Commands Security Commands
ioslevel chauth
license chrole
lpar_netboot ldapadd
lssw ldapsearch
oem_platform_level lsauth
remote_management lsfailedlogin
updateios lsgcl
lsrole
LAN Commands lssecattr
cfglnagg mkauth
cfgnamesrv mkkrb5clnt
chtcpip mkldap
entstat mkrole
fcstat rmauth
hostmap rmrole
hostname rmsecattr
lsnetsvc rolelist
lstcpip setkst
mktcpip setsecattr
netstat snmpv3_ssw
optimizenet swrole
ping tracepriv
prepdev viosecure
rmtcpip
seastat UserID Commands
startnetsvc chuser
stopnetsvc lsuser
traceroute mkuser
vasistat passwd
rmuser
Device Commands
chdev Maintenance Commands
chkdev alt_root_vg
chpath artexdiff
cfgdev artexget
lsdev artexlist
lsmap artexmerge
lsnports artexset
lspath backup
mkpath backupios
mkvdev bootlist
mkvt cattracerpt
rmdev cfgassist
rmpath chdate

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rmvdev chlang
rmvt cl_snmp
vfcmap cpvdi
diagmenu
Physical Volume Commands dsmc
lspv errlog
migratepv fsck
invscout
Logical Volume Commands ldfware
chlv loginmsg
cplv lsfware
extendlv lslparinfo
lslv motd
mklv mount
mklvcopy pdump
rmlv replphyvol
rmlvcopy restore
restorevgstruct
Volume Group Commands save_base
activatevg savevgstruct
chvg showmount
deactivatevg shutdown
exportvg snap
extendvg snmp_info
importvg snmp_trap
lsvg startsysdump
mirrorios starttrace
mkvg stoptrace
redefvg svmon
reducevg sysstat
syncvg topas
unmirrorios uname
unmount
Storage Pool Commands viosbr
chbdsp viostat
chsp vmstat
lsmap wkldagent
lssp wkldmgr
mkbdsp wkldout
mksp nmon
rmbdsp
rmsp Monitoring Commands
cfgsvc
Shared Storage Pool Commands lssvc
alert postprocesssvc
cluster startsvc
failgrp stopsvc
lsmap

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lssp Shell Commands
lu awk
pv cat
snapshot chmod
tier clear
cp
Virtual Media Commands crontab
chrep date
chvopt ftp
loadopt grep
lsrep head
lsvopt ls
mkrep man
mkvopt mkdir
rmrep more
rmvopt mv
unloadopt oem_setup_env
rm
sed
stty
tail
tee
vi
wall
wc
who
__ 20. On occasion, you might need the oem_setup_env command to access the AIX root user
shell. From here, you can invoke AIX commands and access SMIT if desired. Type exit to
get out of the oem_setup_env shell.
The purpose of this oem_setup_env command is to allow customers to install OEM software
needed to support storage solutions. All configuration commands of the virtual I/O server
should be performed through the padmin user CLI rather than the root user CLI.

Part 3: Configure a Shared Ethernet Adapter on the virtual I/O server

Now that your virtual I/O server is installed, you can configure a SEA (network bridge). This SEA is
needed to provide network access for the AIX client partition that will be created in the next
exercise.
__ 21. Return to your browser running the HMC Enhanced+ interface session, and open managed
system properties, then select the Virtual Networks item in the Menu Pod area.
__ 22. You now need to create a Shared Ethernet Adapter (SEA) on your VIOS partition. The SEA
will bridge a VLAN that will be used by the client partition you will create in the next exercise.
Refer to the table below for information on the VLAN that will be used by each student.

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Table 4. VLANs
Student ID Virtual network name VLAN ID
1 VLAN10-ETHERNET0 10
2 VLAN20-ETHERNET0 20
3 VLAN30-ETHERNET0 30
4 VLAN40-ETHERNET0 40

Although these networks were created in the previous exercise, they were not configured as
bridged networks with a SEA device.
__ 23. Currently it is not possible to use the Enhanced GUI to change an internal VLAN to be a
bridged VLAN. Examine the table of Virtual Networks shown on the Virtual Networks view. If
the table contains an entry for your VLAN as shown in Table 4 above, right-click the entry for
your VLAN and select Remove Virtual Network from the context menu, then click OK to
confirm the removal of the network. Leave the Remove all Virtual IO Servers connected to
the selected virtual network option unchecked.
__ 24. Next, click the Add Virtual Network button and continue with the next step to create the
new bridged version of your VLAN.

__ 25. On the Network Name page of the Add Virtual Network wizard, enter your Virtual network
name and VLAN ID as indicated in Table 4. Make sure that the Bridged Network option is
selected and that IEEE 822.1Q Tagging is set to No, then click Next.
__ 26. On the Network Bridge page of the Add Virtual Network wizard, read the information that is
presented. Do not change any settings. Click Next to continue.

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» An example is shown below:

__ 27. On the VIOS And Adapters page, select your VIOS partition to act as the primary Virtual I/O
Server. Then select the physical adapter location that will be configured in the network
bridge (SEA). Unless your instructor tells you otherwise, select the T1 port of the physical
Ethernet adapter, configured as the ent0 device. Click Next to continue.
» An example is shown below:

__ 28. On the Summary page of the wizard, review the information presented, then click Finish to
create the network bridge (SEA) device.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 29. From the console window on your VIOS partition, ping your HMC to test that the network
bridge device was configured correctly.
» Here is an example of the ping command and output.
$ ping 10.8.12.40 2
PING 10.8.12.40: (10.8.12.40): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.8.12.40: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0 ms
64 bytes from 10.8.12.40: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0 ms

--- 10.8.12.40 ping statistics ---

2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/0 ms
__ 30. Use the lstcpip command to display the routing table.
» Here is an example command.
lstcpip -routtable
__ 31. Go back to Partitions table view for the managed system.

Part 4: Create and examine a system template

The purpose of this part of the exercise is to create and examine a system template.
__ 32. Expand the Templates section in the System Actions area in the Menu Pod of the
managed system properties view.
» The result will be similar to the example shown below:

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__ 33. In the Menu Pod area, start the Templates > Capture Configuration as Template > with
Physical IO task.
__ 34. In the Capture as System Template window that appears, read the description of the
format used for template names. Enter a name for the system template that will be created.
It is suggested that you use the name of your managed system and your student name as
part of the template name. For the Description field, enter the string AN30 exercise5, then
click OK.
» An example is shown below:

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server configuration

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It might take a few minutes for the system template to be created. When the capture
process is complete, the HMC will start the Template Library task, and the new template will
be listed in the table. Depending on the number of existing system templates, you might
have to scroll up or down in the table to see the newly created template.
» An example is shown below:

__ 35. Select the template you just created, and perform the View operation.
» Click the right mouse button while the cursor is on the table row for the newly created template,
then select View from the context menu. An example is shown below:

__ 36. Select the Physical I/O item in the navigation area of the View template task window.
Answer the following questions:
What do you notice about the Physical Location Code information shown for each adapter?
» An example is shown below:

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» You should notice that the Physical Location Code value for each adapter has been converted
to a generic format where the unit number and serial number information are replaced with two
lowercase letters. The slot number information is preserved in the generic format.
If this template were to be deployed in its current state, would the physical I/O information
included in the template be used during the deployment process?
» The expected answer is that the physical I/O information would not be used. The default setting
is that the Use Captured I/O Information option on the Physical I/O page is not selected. This
means the I/O information included in the template will not be used.
How would you use the captured I/O information contained in the template?
» The template must be edited, and the Use Captured I/O Information option on the Physical I/O
page must be selected in order for this information to be used during the deployment process.
The information will only be used if the target system on which the template is being deployed
has the same hardware configuration as the system used to capture the template. If the system
on which the template is being deployed has a different hardware configuration, the deployment
process will generate an error message.
__ 37. Select the Virtual I/O Servers item in the navigation area of the View template task window.
How many partitions are listed in the table?
» An example is shown below:

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» The number of partitions listed in the table will vary depending on the hardware configuration
being used for the class and the number of students sharing the same managed system. In the
example shown above, there are four VIOS partitions listed in the table. Note that the system
template only captures information about VIOS partitions. It does not capture information about
AIX, Linux, or IBM i partitions.
__ 38. Select the Virtual Networks item in the navigation area of the View template task window.
How many virtual networks are listed on the page?
» The number of virtual networks listed in the table will vary depending on the hardware
configuration being used for the class. In the example shown below, there are many virtual
networks. Only three of them are visible in the table - the remainder can be viewed using the
scroll bar.

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__ 39. Click Close to close the View template task and return to the Template Library.
__ 40. Select the system template you just created, and perform the Delete operation.
__ 41. Let your instructor know you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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Exercise 6. Client partition configuration

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Exercise 6. Client partition

configuration
(with hints)

Estimated time
02:00

Overview
This exercise covers the configuration and installation of an AIX client partition.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Create a client partition
• Configure virtual SCSI resources for the client partition
• Install AIX from a network installation management server
• Create a partition template
• Deploy a partition template

Introduction
This exercise is presented in multiple parts.
• Part 1: Create the client LPAR
• Part 2: Configure a VSCSI disk on the virtual I/O server
• Part 3: Install the client LPAR operating system
• Part 4: Create and deploy a partition template

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• This exercise depends on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will
need:
▪ A managed system on which to configure an AIX V7.2 partition.
▪ A NIM server prepared with corresponding AIX install resources.
▪ A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (using SSH) and to access
the HMC web user interface.
▪ Network connectivity that is set up to allow all the systems to communicate properly.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.
Notice that two kinds of LUNs are assigned to the Fibre Channel adapter of your VIO Server
partition.
Non-shared LUNs (LUNS assigned to only one Fibre Channel adapter):
• One of the non-shared LUNs was used in the previous exercise as the rootvg disk for the
installation of the VIO server operating system. It should be 30 GB in size.
• One non-shared 8 GB LUN will be used in this exercise as the virtual SCSI disk for the initial
configuration of your client partition.
• The other non-shared 8 GB LUN will be used later in this exercise when deploying a partition
template. The partition deployed from the template will be removed at the end of the exercise.
This disk can then be used in an optional exercise to create a storage pool for file-backed disks
and a virtual media repository.
Shared LUNs (LUNS assigned to several Fibre Channel adapters):
• You will assign one of the shared LUNs (10 GB in size) to your client AIX partition in a future
exercise to configure MPIO.
When performing LPAR creation tasks, use the VLAN IDs and LPAR names assigned by your
instructor.

Part 1: Create the client LPAR

Now you will create an LPAR that will use a VSCSI disk and a virtual Ethernet adapter. No physical
I/O resources will be allocated to the partition.
__ 1. Log in to the HMC GUI using the Classic log in option.
__ 2. Before creating your AIX LPAR, examine the partition properties of your VIOS partition to
confirm that it does not have any virtual adapter configured with adapter ID 12.
» On the HMC, select your managed system and then click the name of your VIOS partition in the
LPAR table. This will display the partition properties window. Then select the Virtual Adapters
tab, and confirm there is no adapter listed with adapter ID 12.
» Here is an example of this screen.

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__ 3. Create an AIX LPAR on your managed system. For the LPAR name, partition ID and VLAN
ID, refer to Table 1 below. Check with your instructor whether you need to use a system
prefix as part of the LPAR name. For all other LPAR configuration parameters (partition
profile name, processor settings, memory, and so on), refer to Table 1.
Skip the physical I/O, and add a virtual Ethernet adapter and a VSCSI client adapter.

Note

Management can be simplified by keeping VSCSI adapter slot numbers consistent between the
virtual I/O server and the client partition.

For this exercise, the virtual SCSI client adapter will be configured in virtual slot 12 of your
client AIX partition, and it will connect to a virtual SCSI server adapter in slot 12 of your
VIOS partition.
Table 1. LPAR configuration
Student number Client LPAR name Client LPAR ID Port Virtual Ethernet
(VLAN ID)
Student 1 lpar1 11 10
Student 2 lpar2 12 20
Student 3 lpar3 13 30
Student 4 lpar4 14 40

The following table shows all the parameters and values needed for the configuration of
your AIX partition. You will use this information to fill in the corresponding fields of the
Create LPAR Wizard. All the wizard steps are listed in the left column of the table.

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Table 2. LPAR details

Wizard step Parameter or Action Value
Create Partition Partition ID Your student ID + 10 (see
above)
Partition name lparX (X is your student ID)
Sync Current configuration Capability Sync turned ON
Partition Profile Profile name Normal
Processors Shared
Processing Settings Minimum processing units 0.1
Desired processing units 0.5
Maximum processing units 1.0
Shared Processor Pool DefaultPool (0)
Minimum virtual processors 1
Desired virtual processors 2
Maximum virtual processors 10
Uncapped Yes (check box)
Weight 128
Memory Settings Minimum memory 2 GB
Desired memory 2 GB
Maximum memory 4 GB
Active Memory Expansion Not checked
I/O Skip this step, and click Next.
Virtual Adapters Maximum virtual adapters 50
Actions > Create Virtual Adapter > Ethernet Adapter...
Adapter ID 11
VSwitch ETHERNET0 (Default)
Port Virtual Ethernet (VLAN ID) See above
This adapter is required for virtual server activation. Not checked
IEEE 802.1q compatible adapter Not checked
Use this adapter for Ethernet bridging Not checked
Actions > Create Virtual Adapter > SCSI Adapter...
Adapter ID 12
This adapter is required for partition activation. Not checked
Server partition Select your VIOS
Server adapter ID 12
Optional Settings Boot modes Normal
Profile Summary

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» On the HMC, select your managed system and choose Configuration > Create Partition >
AIX or Linux on the Tasks menu.
» In the first wizard panel, enter the partition ID and the partition name from the LPAR
configuration table. Change the Sync Current configuration Capability setting to a value of Sync
turned ON.

» On the second panel, enter Normal as the profile name.

» Create a shared processor type of LPAR using the processor settings specified in the
instructions.
» Configure the memory using the setting specified in the instructions.
» Do not allocate any physical I/O devices, and skip the Physical I/O panel.
» Set the 'maximum virtual adapters' to 50, otherwise you will not be able to create the virtual
adapters with the desired slot numbers.
» Create a virtual Ethernet adapter. Click Create Virtual Adapter > Ethernet Adapter... in the
Actions menu. Use the same VLAN ID as your VIO server partition (VLAN ID is your student
number).
» Create a virtual SCSI client adapter. Click Create Virtual Adapter > SCSI Adapter... in the
Actions menu. Set the client slot number (Adapter field) to the slot number that you used for
the VIOS partition's VSCSI server adapter (slot number 12 as referred to in Table 2).
» Select your VIOS partition in the Server partition field, and specify the VSCSI server adapter
slot number in the Server adapter ID field.

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» Here is an example of this screen.

» Do not create any SR-IOV Logical Port, and skip the SR-IOV Logical Ports panel.
» Skip the Optional Settings step, and click Finish on the Profile Summary panel.

Part 2: Configure a VSCSI disk on the virtual I/O server

The purpose of this part is to create a VSCSI disk that will be used by the virtual I/O client partition
you just created.
__ 4. Dynamically add a virtual SCSI server adapter to your assigned VIOS partition. Configure
the adapter in virtual slot 12. Configure the adapter with the option Only selected client
partition can connect. Select your AIX client partition, and enter 12 as the client adapter slot
number.
» Here is an example of this screen.

__ 5. Log in to the Virtual I/O Server, and verify that the VSCSI server adapter is available. Also,
using the lsmap command, check the mapping between physical, logical, and virtual
devices. (There should not be any virtual target devices at this point.)
» The two commands you need to use are lsdev -virtual to find the name of the VSCSI server
adapter, and lsmap -all to see any physical devices mapped to the VSCSI server adapter.

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» Here is an example from the lsdev command output that shows the vhost0 adapter:
$ lsdev -virtual | grep SCSI
vhost0 Available Virtual SCSI Server Adapter
» Here is example of the lsmap command output.
$ lsmap -all
SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID
--------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------------
vhost0 U8284.22A.21C18FV-V3-C12 0x0000000e

VTD NO VIRTUAL TARGET DEVICE FOUND

» Note the virtual adapter slot number that you defined when adding the adapter to the VIOS
partition.
__ 6. Now check to see that you have available disks on your VIOS partition. The number of disk
devices visible will depend on the specific configuration of the systems being used for the
class. It is expected that you should see five hdisk devices in the output of the lsdev -type
disk command. For example:
$ lsdev -type disk
name status description
hdisk0 Available MPIO FC 2145
hdisk1 Available MPIO FC 2145
hdisk2 Available MPIO FC 2145
hdisk3 Available MPIO FC 2145
hdisk4 Available MPIO FC 2145
Each VIOS partition should be configured with three non-shared LUNs and two shared
LUNs.
__ 7. Now you must create a virtual target device that maps one non-shared 8 GB FC SCSI
physical disk to the VSCSI server adapter defined on your virtual I/O server. This virtual disk
will be used for your AIX client LPAR operating system installation.
First, check which physical hdisk devices are 8 GB in size. Execute the lspv -size
command from your Virtual I/O Server CLI; it displays disk size in MB. In the output example
below, hdisk1 and hdisk2 are 8 GB in size.
$ lspv -size
NAME PVID SIZE(megabytes)
hdisk0 00f948341c02b084 30720
hdisk1 none 8192
hdisk2 none 8192
hdisk3 none 10240
hdisk4 none 10240
__ 8. Select the first 8 GB LUN, and use it to create the virtual target device using the command
shown below, where hdiskY is the disk device name, and X is your student number:
mkvdev -vdev hdiskY -vadapter vhost0 -dev lparX_vtd

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» Here is an example mkvdev command.
$ mkvdev -vdev hdisk1 -vadapter vhost0 -dev lpar4_vtd
Lpar4_vtd Available
__ 9. List your virtual adapter device mapping by using the lsmap command. View the output
details, and check the lun_id in the physical location field.
» Here is an example of the output from the lsmap command:
$ lsmap -all
SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID
--------------- -------------------------------------- ------------------
vhost0 U8284.22A.21C18FV-V3-C12 0x0000000e

VTD lpar4_vtd
Status Available
LUN 0x8100000000000000
Backing device hdisk1
Physloc U78CB.001.WZS06PK-P1-C7-T1-W500507680140F2AC-L1000000000000
Mirrored false
» You can also the use lsmap -vadapter vhost0 command.
__ 10. Use the lspv command to list the volume group information for the disks. Notice that no
volume group information has been added to the hdisk being used as a backing device.
» Here is an example lspv command and output.
$ lspv
NAME PVID VG STATUS
hdisk0 00f948341c02b084 rootvg active
hdisk1 none None
hdisk2 none None
hdisk3 none None
hdisk4 none None
Remember that you must be careful before using disks of the VIO server for LVM
operations. They might have no volume group information shown but are possibly being
used as virtual disks for client LPARs. For example, running importvg -vg myvg hdisk3 on
the VIOS CLI will destroy the rootvg of the corresponding client partition.

Part 3: Install the client LPAR operating system

You will now install your AIX client partition using a NIM environment.
__ 11. The NIM resources for client installation should have already been allocated on the NIM
master. Ask your instructor for confirmation.
__ 12. Your instructor should provide you with an IP address for the AIX virtual partition. You
should already have the NIM server IP address, gateway, and netmask information from the
previous exercise when installed the VIOS. Ask your instructor if you fail to find it, and enter
them again in the following table.

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Table 3. IP addresses for installation of your AIX virtual partition

NIM server IP address
Netmask
Gateway address (Use server address if
server and client are defined on the same
network subnet)
AIX client IP address

The following instructions walk you through the network boot using SMS.

Note

For your information, you can also activate your partition using the lpar_netboot command from
the HMC command-line interface. This HMC command instructs a partition to boot from the network
or retrieves MAC address and physical location code from network adapters for a partition. It could
be useful for operation automation and scripting.

The lpar_netboot command requires arguments for IP addresses, partition name, partition profile,
name of the managed system that has the partition, and other network parameters. Look at the
following example of the lpar_netboot usage for partition installation, and view the corresponding
arguments:
lpar_netboot -v -f -D -i -t ent -T off -s speed -d duplex
-S nimserver_ip -C lpar_ip -G gateway_ip -K subnet_mask lpar_name profile_name
managed_system_name
• -v Verbose output
• -f Force close virtual terminal session
• -D Perform a server ping, and use successful test adapter
• -i Force immediate shutdown
• -t Specifies network type ent
• -T Enable or disable spanning tree
• -s Network adapter speed:auto for a Virtual Eth Adapter
• -d Network adapter duplex:auto for a Virtual Eth Adapter
• -S Server IP address: Refer to the table above
• -C Client IP address: Refer to the table above
• -G Gateway IP address: Refer to the table above
• -K Subnet mask

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Here is an example of the lpar_netboot command.
lpar_netboot -v -f -D -i -t ent -T off -s auto -d auto -S \
8.12.35 -C 10.8.12.53 -G 10.8.12.254 -K 255.255.255.0 \
sys8692_lpar1 Normal sys869
When the execution of the lpar_netboot command is completed, go to the HMC GUI,
select your LPAR, and open a console window. After opening a terminal window you may
need to press `1` and Enter to select console window. Interact with the AIX menus to
complete the installation. If you have installed your AIX LPAR using the HMC lpar_netboot
command, skip to Step 21. If you want to use SMS to initiate the network boot and install of
your LPAR, continue with the next step.
__ 13. Activate your partition using SMS boot mode. Open the virtual console terminal window.
__ 14. Interact with the SMS menus. Choose the Setup Remote IPL (Initial Program Load) menu
option, and select the network adapter device. You should see the virtual Ethernet adapter
(Interpartition Logical LAN). Type 1 and press Enter to select the virtual Ethernet adapter.
__ 15. Select the IP Protocol Version of IPv4; then select the Network Service of BOOTP.
__ 16. On the Network Parameters panel, select option 1 for IP Parameters.
__ 17. In the next screen (IP Parameters), there are four options. Type the number of the option
you want to alter. For example, press 1 and then Enter to specify the Client IP address.
Type the value, and then press Enter.
For the values to enter, refer to the information recorded in Table 3. If uncertain, ask your
instructor for help.
__ a. Type your AIX partition's IP address for the client IP address.
__ b. Type the NIM server's IP address for the server IP address.
__ c. Type the gateway IP address. This field is not required if both client and server are
defined on the same subnet.
__ d. Type the subnet mask.
When done, press the Esc key to go to the Network Parameters menu. Press 2 to select 2
Adapter Configuration. Disable the spanning tree (if it is not already disabled). Press 2
and then 2 again to disable. Note that the name of the option is Spanning Tree Enabled.
(This is always the option name regardless of whether it is enabled.) Press Esc to go back
to the Network Parameters menu.
__ 18. Press 3 to select 3 Ping Test. Press 1 to execute the ping test. Wait a few seconds, and
Ping Success should display if the ping test succeeded. Press any key to return to the Ping
Test screen. Talk to your instructor if you have a ping failure and are uncertain why the ping
test failed.
__ 19. Press M to go back to the Main Menu; then select 5 Select Boot Options.
__ 20. Specify the virtual Ethernet adapter to be the boot device. Press 1 to select 1 Select
Install/Boot Device. Select 4 Network, 1 BOOTP, and then 1 to select the virtual Ethernet
adapter. Press 2 for Normal Mode Boot; then select 1 Yes when asked Are you sure you
want to edit System Management Services? to exit SMS and do a normal mode boot.

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__ 21. You will see the network boot output in the window. Eventually, you will see the AIX
installation process. Respond as you normally would to select the system console and
language.
__ 22. Your terminal screen should display the Installation and Maintenance screen. Type 2 and
press Enter to select Change/Show Installation Settings and Install.
__ 23. Press 1 and Enter to select disks where you want to install (hdisk0). You should only have
one disk to choose from. This is the virtual disk being served from your VIO server.
__ 24. Accept this disk by pressing 0 to continue with choices listed above.
__ 25. You should be back at the System Backup Installation and Settings panel. Start the
installation by selecting 0 to continue with the choices.
Depending on your environment, the install might take as little as five to ten minutes.
__ 26. When the client partition is installed and displaying the login prompt, log in using the root
user ID and the password provided by your instructor.
__ 27. Using the lsdev command, list the disk device.
» To list the disk devices, use lsdev -Cc disk.
» Output should list a Virtual SCSI Disk Drive. Here is an example output; notice the hdisk0
description.
# lsdev -Cc disk
hdisk0 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive
__ 28. Use AIX commands to examine what adapters and devices are being used by this system.
You should see that the VSCSI adapter and disk plus the virtual Ethernet adapter are in use.
The corresponding interface will likely have been configured during OS installation.
» Following are some examples of the commands you might use.
lsslot -c pci
lsdev -Cc adapter
lscfg | grep disk
ifconfig -a
__ 29. Log out from your partition and close the console window session.
__ 30. Log out from your HMC GUI session.

Part 4: Create and deploy a partition template

The purpose of this part of the exercise is to create and deploy a partition template.
__ 31. Log in to the HMC GUI using the Enhanced+ log in option.
__ 32. Select your AIX partition from the All Partition view in the work area of the HMC GUI, then
use the Actions menu to perform the Templates > Capture Configuration as Template
task.
» An example is shown below:

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» OK.
» An example is shown below:

It might take a few minutes for the partition template to be generated. When the capture
process is complete, the HMC will start the Template Library task, and the new template will be
listed in the table shown on the Partition tab. Depending on the number of existing partition
templates, you might have to scroll up or down in the table to see your newly created template.
__ 33. Select your newly created partition template, and perform the Deploy operation.
» Click the right mouse button while the cursor is on the table row for the newly created template,
then select Deploy from the context menu.

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__ 34. Read the information on the Welcome page of the Create Partition from Template task
window, then click Next.
__ 35. On the Select a System page of the Create Partition from Template task window, select your
managed server in the table, then click Next.
» An example is shown below:

__ 36. On the Partition Configuration Summary page, change the name and partition ID of the
partition that will be created. Use the information shown in Clone LPAR configuration below
to determine the name and partition ID. Remember to add any system prefix that is being
used with partition names on the managed system.
Table 4. Clone LPAR configuration
Student number Client LPAR name Client LPAR ID
Student 1 lpar1_CLONE 21
Student 2 lpar2_CLONE 22
Student 3 lpar3_CLONE 23
Student 4 lpar4_CLONE 24

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Exercise 6. Client partition configuration

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» An example is shown below:

__ 37. On the I/O Adapter and HEA Configuration page, click Next. The new partition will only use
virtual adapter resources.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 38. On the Virtual Network Summary page, select the virtual network from the table that the new
partition will connect to. Use the same VLAN network that your existing AIX partition is
connected to, where the VLAN ID is your student ID multiplied by 10. Once the virtual
network has been selected, click Next.
» An example is shown below:

__ 39. On the Virtual Network Interface Controller (vNIC) Configuration page, click Next. You will
not use any vNIC adapters in this exercise.
» An example is shown below:

__ 40. On the Virtual Storage Configuration page, three different storage types will be shown.
Expand the Virtual SCSI section.
» When the page is first shown, all information is minimized. An example is shown below:
» Click the Virtual SCSI item to show the table of available virtual SCSI devices.

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__ 41. Scroll through the table of available physical volumes that can be used for virtual SCSI
devices. Select the device entry where the size of the disk is 8 GB, the Available
Connections information includes the name of your assigned VIOS partition, and the device
name is hdisk2. This is the second 8 GB non-shared disk on your VIOS. Click Next after
selecting the correct entry in the table.
For example, if your assigned VIOS partition is sys8692_vios1, you would select the entry in
the table where the size is 8 GB and the Available Connections field has the value
sys8692_vios1(hdisk2).
» An example is shown below:

__ 42. On the Summary page, make sure that the Create partition and Apply Configuration
option is selected, then click Finish to create the partition. It might take a few moments for
the task to complete the steps involved in creating the partition.

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Exercise 6. Client partition configuration

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» An example is shown below:

__ 43. Once the partition has been successfully deployed, click Close to close the window.

At this point, you would normally activate the newly created partition and install an operating
system. The steps to install AIX in the new partition would be identical to those carried out
earlier in this exercise when you installed the partition you created using the HMC Classic
GUI. However, in this exercise you will not install an operating system on the newly
deployed partition. Instead, you will examine some of the partition’s properties along with
the changes that have been made on the VIOS partition. You will then delete the allocated
virtual storage as well as the newly deployed partition.
__ 44. Select your partition template in the Template Library, and perform the Delete operation.
__ 45. Click Close to close the Template Library window.

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__ 46. Log in to your VIOS partition, and run the lsmap -all command. Do you notice any
difference from the output obtained in Step 9?
» The expected result is that there is now an additional vhost adapter that has the disk device
hdisk2 mapped as a virtual target.
» Example command output is shown below:
$ lsmap -all
SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID
--------------- -------------------------------------- ------------------
vhost0 U8284.22A.21C18FV-V3-C12 0x0000000e

VTD lpar4_vtd
Status Available
LUN 0x8100000000000000
Backing device hdisk1
Physloc U78CB.001.WZS06PK-P1-C7-T1-W500507680140F2AC-L1000000000000
Mirrored false

SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID

--------------- -------------------------------------- ------------------
vhost1 U8284.22A.21C18FV-V3-C3 0x00000018

VTD vtscsi0
Status Available
LUN 0x8100000000000000
Backing device hdisk2
Physloc U78CB.001.WZS06PK-P1-C7-T1-W500507680140F2AC-L2000000000000
Mirrored false
» Switch to HMC Classic interface.
__ 47. Locate your newly created AIX partition in the table in the work area of the HMC interface.
Compare the profile name for the new partition with the profile name used by your original
AIX partition that was used to capture the template. What do you notice?
» The expected result is that the new partition has been created with a profile name of
default_profile, even though the partition used to capture the template, which was then used to
create the new partition, has a profile name of Normal. An example is shown below:
» When capturing a template, only the current configuration of a partition is noted. The
configuration of any additional profiles is ignored. When deploying a template, the profile
created for a partition will be called default_profile. This is not an attribute of the template that
can be changed. You can change the name of the partition profile by editing the profile once the
partition has been created.

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__ 48. Click the name of your newly created partition to show the Partition Properties window.
Is the Sync current configuration Capability enabled or disabled?
» The expected answer is that the Sync current configuration Capability is enabled. This
capability is enabled by default for partitions that are created by deploying a partition template.
__ 49. Close the Partition Properties window.
__ 50. Switch back to HMC Enhanced+ interface.
__ 51. Select your newly created AIX clone partition in the table in the work area of the HMC
interface for your managed system, and use the Actions menu to start the View Partition
Properties task.
__ 52. In the Menu Pod select the Virtual Storage option under Virtual I/O.

In the table that lists the physical volumes assigned to the partition, select the vtscsi0
device, then right-click and run the Remove operation. This will remove the virtual SCSI
target device from your VIOS partition, and also dynamically remove the virtual SCSI server
adapter from the VIOS partition.
» Log in to your VIOS partition, and run the lsmap -all command. Do you notice any difference
from the output obtained in Step 46?
» The expected result is that the vtscsi0 target device used to map the hdisk2 device to the
vhost1 adapter has been deleted, along with the vhost1 adapter itself. The command output
now shows vhost0 as the only virtual SCSI server adapter.

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» Example command output is shown below:
$ lsmap -all
SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID
--------------- -------------------------------------- ------------------
vhost0 U8284.22A.21C18FV-V3-C12 0x0000000e

VTD lpar4_vtd
Status Available
LUN 0x8100000000000000
Backing device hdisk1
Physloc U78CB.001.WZS06PK-P1-C7-T1-W500507680140F2AC-L1000000000000
Mirrored false
__ 53. Select your newly created AIX clone partition in the partition table view of the HMC
interface, and use the Actions menu to start the Delete Partition task.
__ 54. Let your instructor know that you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

(with hints)

Estimated time
01:30

Overview
This exercise provides experience with configuring high availability in a virtual Ethernet
environment. Students will implement a dual Virtual I/O Server configuration with an SEA failover
configuration.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Implement a highly available network configuration using the SEA failover feature and test the
failover mechanism

Introduction
By the end of this exercise, the students will have implemented an SEA failover feature in a dual
VIO server environment. Students will test the failover mechanism.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• All exercises for this unit depend on the availability of specific equipment in your lab and at your
desk. You will need:
▪ A managed system configured with two virtual I/O servers running Version 2.2.4.10, and two
AIX 7.2 client partitions installed.
▪ Each client partition must have rootvg installed on a VSCSI disk.
▪ Each client partition must have a virtual Ethernet adapter bridged by an SEA on the VIO
server.
▪ A system is required from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (by way of SSH)
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Introduction
The following diagram represents the network configuration that each team will have set up at the
end of Part 3 of this exercise. The Ethernet adapter names shown in the diagram could be different
in your system configuration. Additional physical or virtual adapters would cause different adapter
numbering as well.

At the beginning of this exercise, each student should have an assigned virtual I/O server and client
LPAR installed. An SEA is already defined and bridges a unique VLAN. The bridged VLAN ID
depends on the student number.

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Important

An SEA implementation must be done carefully to avoid any problem in the network. For example,
mismatching SEA and SEA failover configuration or configuring control channel adapters in
different VLANs can lead to an ARP storm in the physical switches that will completely flood your
network. Here are the requirements for configuring the SEA failover feature.

• One SEA on one VIO server acts as the primary (active) adapter, and the second SEA on the
second VIOS acts as a backup (standby) adapter.
• Each SEA will have one virtual Ethernet adapter with the Use this adapter for Ethernet
bridging flag (previously known as the Access external network flag, or trunk flag) checked.
▪ This adapter on both the SEAs must have the same PVID, but will have a different priority
value. If additional IEEE 802.1q VLAN IDs are defined for the adapter, they must be the
same on both VIO servers.
▪ The priority value defines which of the two SEAs will be the primary and which will be the
backup. The lower the numerical priority value, the higher the importance, for example an
adapter with priority value one will have the highest importance.
• On POWER5, POWER6, and some POWER7 systems, an additional virtual Ethernet adapter,
which belongs to a unique VLAN on the system, is used to create the control channel between
the SEAs and must be specified in each SEA when configured in ha_mode. The purpose of this
control channel is to communicate between the two SEA adapters to determine when a failover
should take place. On later POWER7 systems, as well as POWER7+ and POWER8 systems,
no control channel adapter is required. This is because the system firmware automatically
handles the heartbeat communication between the two SEAs in the failover configuration.
In order to set up the SEA failover feature, two virtual I/O servers must be used, and each SEA in
these VIO servers must bridge the same set of VLAN IDs. You need to plan this SEA configuration
as a team of two students. Your current VLAN configuration needs to be changed to match the
VLAN IDs referenced in below. This table must be your reference when setting up the SEA.

Table 1. Team numbers and VLAN IDs

Team # Students # Primary VIOS Secondary VIOS Bridging VLAN
trunk priority 1 trunk priority 2 ID
Team 1 Student 1 Student 2 vios1 vios2 100
Team 2 Student 3 Student 4 vios3 vios4 200

The exercise is presented in three parts.

• Part 1: Setting the virtual Ethernet adapters and trunk priorities
▪ In this part, you will work alone on your assigned VIO server. You will remove your existing
SEA configuration and then modify your virtual Ethernet adapter VLAN ID and set the trunk
priority.

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• Part 2: Create the SEA failover feature
▪ In this part, you will synchronize with your teammate to create the SEA device on your
assigned VIO server.
• Part 3: Testing the SEA failover feature
▪ You will work as a team to shut down some components in the configuration and check
whether the failover occurs.

Part 1: Setting the virtual Ethernet adapters and trunk priority

At this point, the SEAs defined on your team's virtual I/O servers do not bridge the same VLAN ID.
Your existing SEA must be removed in order to modify your virtual Ethernet adapter VLAN ID
configuration. In part one, you work alone on your assigned virtual I/O server.
__ 1. Log in to the HMC GUI using the Classic interface.
__ 2. Your client LPAR must be shut down before you remove the existing SEA configuration.
Open a virtual terminal or a Telnet session on your assigned AIX client LPAR, and perform a
shutdown.
» Run the shutdown -F command.
__ 3. Open a virtual console terminal window to your VIOS partition, and log in as the padmin
user. Do not use PuTTY or Telnet for this operation, since network connectivity to the VIOS
will be temporarily lost when the existing SEA configuration is removed.
__ 4. In your VIOS partition's console session, use the lsdev command to find out the SEA
device name. Write down the adapter name here: _______________
» Run the lsdev command. You should see the SEA name ent3 (if you have followed the steps in
the previous exercises).
$ lsdev -virtual | grep Shared
ent3 Available Shared Ethernet Adapter
__ 5. In your virtual I/O server partition's console session, run the following command to remove
the SEA device and migrate the TCP/IP configuration back to the physical adapter that was
used in the SEA configuration.
$ rmvdev -sea <SEA name> -migrate -auto
» The following shows example output when removing the SEA device ent3:
$ rmvdev -sea ent3 -migrate -auto
ent3 Defined
migrate from en3 to en0
en0 changed
en3 deleted
ent3 deleted
inet0 changed
__ 6. In your virtual I/O server partition's console session, run the shutdown -force command
to shut down the partition.

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__ 7. Edit your assigned VIO server's profile called default_profile, and modify the virtual
Ethernet adapter to use the new virtual LAN ID and priority value determined from Table 1.
Set the Trunk priority value according to your Virtual I/O Server function (primary or
secondary). Keep the Access external network flag checked.
» Select your assigned VIO server and then run the Configuration > Manage Profiles task.
» Select the default_profile profile (it should be the only profile listed), and use the Edit option on
the Actions menu to edit the profile.
» On the Virtual Adapters tab, select the virtual Ethernet adapter, and use the Edit option on the
Actions menu to edit the Ethernet adapter properties.

» In the Virtual Ethernet Adapter Properties window, change the VLANID (Port Virtual
Ethernet) to the value specified in Table 1. Set the Trunk priority to the correct value. (If your
Virtual I/O Server is primary, then the Priority is 1. If your Virtual I/O Server is secondary, the
Priority is 2.) Keep the Use this adapter for Ethernet bridging check box selected.
» Acknowledge the warning that the partition has profile sync enabled.
__ 8. Activate your VIOS partition using the profile called default_profile.
» Select your assigned VIO server and run the Operations > Activate > Profile task.
» The profile called default_profile should already be selected, since it is the only profile. Click
OK to activate the partition.
__ 9. When activated, open a virtual terminal console window on your assigned Virtual I/O Server,
and run the lsdev -virtual | grep ent command. You should see one virtual Ethernet
adapter.

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» Here is an example command and its output, which shows ent2. The Ethernet adapter may
have a different name in your environment.
$ lsdev -virtual | grep ent
ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)
__ 10. In order to be sure that you have configured the virtual Ethernet adapter correctly, run the
following two commands (where entX is the virtual Ethernet device) to confirm the VLAN ID
and Priority settings are correct:
$ entstat -all entX | grep VLAN
$ entstat -all entX | grep Priority
If the VLAN ID and Priority value match with the expected values shown in Table 1, then
continue to the next step of the exercise. If the values do not match, then shutdown the VIO
server partition, and check the definition of the virtual Ethernet adapter in the partition profile.
» Shown below is example output, which shows the VLAN ID and Priority value for the ent2
device on a primary VIO server. Your VLAN ID value may be different. On a secondary VIO
server, the Priority value should be 2. Since the SEA failover configuration has not been created
yet, the partition that is started first will have a value of True for the Active field. The partition
that is started second will have a value of False.
$ entstat -all ent2 | grep VLAN
Invalid VLAN ID Packets: 0
Port VLAN ID: 100
VLAN Tag IDs: None
Management VLAN: Disabled
$ entstat -all ent2 | grep Priority
Priority: 1 Active: True
__ 11. Use the entstat -all entX | grep Switch command to check that the virtual Ethernet
adapter is using the default virtual switch ID ETHERNET0. If the value is correct, continue to
the next step of the exercise. If not, shutdown the VIO server partition, and check the
definition of the virtual Ethernet adapter in the partition profile.
» Here is an example command and its output, which shows ent2 using the switch ID
ETHERNET0.
$ entstat -all ent2 | grep Switch
Switch ID: ETHERNET0
Switch Mode: VEB
__ 12. Modify your client LPAR VLAN ID. Edit your assigned LPAR's Normal profile, and modify the
virtual Ethernet adapter to use the new virtual LAN ID value. Refer to Table 1 for the VLAN
ID. Do not check the Use this adapter for Ethernet bridging flag.
» Select your assigned LPAR and run the Configuration > Manage Profiles task.
» Select the Normal profile, and use the Edit option on the Actions menu to edit the profile.
» On the Virtual Adapters tab, select the virtual Ethernet adapter (the adapter ID should be
11), and use the Edit option on the Actions menu to edit the Ethernet adapter properties.

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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» In the Virtual Ethernet Adapter Properties window, change the VLANID to the value specified
in Table 1. Do not check the Use this adapter for Ethernet bridging flag. Here is an example:

» Click OK to save the adapter configuration, then OK to save the profile.

» Click Yes to acknowledge the warning that you are changing the profile of a partition with profile
sync enabled, then close the Managed Profiles window.

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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__ 13. Activate your client LPAR using the Normal profile. When the partition is up and running,
open a virtual console and run an entstat command to check the VLAN ID of your virtual
Ethernet adapter. The value should reflect your change.
» Run the following command to see the VLAN ID of the virtual Ethernet adapter on your client
partition. Here is an example with VLAN 200 on lpar3:
$ entstat -d ent0 | grep "Port VLAN ID"
Port VLAN ID: 100

Part 2: Create the SEA failover feature

Please read this before proceeding: Mismatching SEA and SEA failover could cause broadcast
storms to occur and affect the stability of the network. When creating the SEA failover configuration,
it is imperative that:
• If control channel adapters are being used in the SEA configuration, they must be used on both
VIO servers and must be configured with the same VLAN ID. If not, when creating the SEA
failover, an ARP storm can flood your network. On POWER8 servers, and newer POWER7
servers, control channel adapters do not need to be used. The system firmware automatically
permits communication between the two VIOS partitions used in the SEA failover configuration.
• When creating the SEA using the mkvdev command, you specify the control channel (ctl_chan)
attribute (if necessary) and the high availability mode (ha_mode) attribute in the command.
• On a completely new installation, you first define the primary SEA on the primary VIO server,
and then the secondary SEA on the other VIO server.
Ask your instructor to verify the virtual adapter configuration on your VIO partition before performing
the SEA creation.
__ 14. Check with your teammate that the virtual Ethernet adapter has been created with the
correct VLAN ID and Priority value, and is using the default switch ID ETHERNET0. If not,
do not proceed. Fix the problem before creating the SEA failover configuration.
__ 15. If your assigned VIO is the primary, create your SEA first. If your assigned VIOS is the
secondary, wait for your team partner to indicate that they have created the primary SEA
before proceeding with the remainder of this step.
In your virtual I/O server partition's console session, run the mkvdev command that will
create the SEA. Use the proper device names for the physical adapter (it should be ent0),
and the virtual Ethernet adapter (used for bridging your VLAN). Set the ha_mode flag to
auto, and also specify the flags to migrate the TCP/IP configuration from the physical
adapter to the SEA device.

Here is an example command to create the SEA using the ent0 physical adapter and the
ent2 virtual adapter with a default VLAN ID of 32. The ha_mode is set to auto, and the
TCP/IP configuration will be migrated from the physical adapter to the SEA. Remember to
specify the correct default VLAN ID value for your configuration, as shown in Table 1.
$ mkvdev -sea ent0 -vadapter ent2 -default ent2 -defaultid 32 -migrate -auto
-attr ha_mode=auto

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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The command should print out that a new device is available, for example:
en0 changed
ent3 Available
en3
en3 changed
inet0 changed
If you just created the SEA for the primary VIO, inform your team partner to proceed with
creating the secondary SEA before you continue with the next step.
__ 16. Use the lstcpip command to list out all available Ethernet devices and verify that a new
SEA device was created.
» Example command and output:
$ lstcpip -adapters

Ethernet adapters:
ent0 Available 01-00 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent1 Available 01-01 PCIe2 2-Port 10GbE Base-T Adapter (e4148e1614109204)
ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)
ent3 Available Shared Ethernet Adapter
» Alternatively, the lsdev | grep ent command could have been used to get this information.
__ 17. Verify the SEA configuration using the lsmap command. Notice that in this output, it is
expected that ent2 is the Virtual Ethernet bridge adapter, ent0 is the physical Ethernet
adapter.
» You should see the following if you issue the lsmap -all -net command:
$ lsmap -all -net
SVEA Physloc
------ --------------------------------------------
ent2 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C2-T1

SEA ent3
Backing device ent0
Status Available
Physloc U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C11-T1
__ 18. Run the entstat -all <ent#> (replace ent# by your SEA name) command and check for
the following parameters:
- The state of the SEA adapter (primary or backup).
» Example command and output if your VIO is primary:
$ entstat -all ent3 | grep "^ *State"
State: PRIMARY
» Example command and output if your VIO is backup:
$ entstat -all ent3 | grep "^ *State"
State: BACKUP

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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- The trunk adapter priority value and whether the adapter is active.
» Example command and output if your VIO is Primary.
$ entstat -all ent3 | grep Priority
Priority: 1
Priority: 1 Active: True
Priority: 1 Active: True
» Example command and output if your VIO is Backup:
$ entstat -all ent3 | grep Priority
Priority: 2
Priority: 2 Active: False
Priority: 2 Active: False
» Some more SEA attributes can be seen using the lsdev command. You should see the
following information if you run the lsdev -dev ent3 -attr command:
$ lsdev -dev ent3 -attr
attribute value description
user_settable

accounting disabled Enable per-client accounting of network statistics True

adapter_reset yes Reset real adapter on HA takeover True
ctl_chan Control Channel adapter for SEA failover True
gvrp no Enable GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) True
ha_mode auto High Availability Mode True
hash_algo 0 Hash algorithm used to seect a SEA thread True
jumbo_frames no Enable Gigabit Ethernet Jumbo Frames True
large_receive no Enable receive TCP segment aggregation True
largesend 1 Enable Hardware Transmit TCP Resegmentation True
lldpsvc no Enable IEEE 802.1qbg services True
netaddr 0 Address to ping True
nthreads 7 Number of SEA threads in Thread mode True
pvid 100 PVID to use for the SEA device True
pvid_adapter ent2 Default virtual adapter to use for non-VLAN-tagged packets True
qos_mode disabled N/A True
queue_size 8192 Queue size for a SEA thread True
real_adapter ent0 Physical adapter associated with the SEA True
send_RARP yes Transmit Reverse ARP after HA takeover True
thread 1 Thread mode enabled (1) or disabled (0) True
virt_adapters ent2 List of virtual adapters associated with the SEA (comma separated) True

__ 19. The SEA state can also be checked in the error log. Run the errlog command, and check
for an entry with the description BECOME PRIMARY or BECOME BACKUP, depending if
your virtual I/O server is primary or backup. List the detailed information of these entries.

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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» You should see an entry in the error log similar to the following when you issue the errlog
command on the primary VIO server:
$ errlog -ls
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
LABEL: VIOS_SEAHA_PRIMARY
IDENTIFIER: E48A73A4

Date/Time: Sun Feb 15 06:51:36 CET 2015

Sequence Number: 333
Machine Id: 00F948344C00
Node Id: sys8981_vios1
Class: H
Type: INFO
WPAR: Global
Resource Name: ent3
Resource Class: adapter
Resource Type: sea
Location:

Description
BECOME PRIMARY

Probable Causes
BECOME PRIMARY

Failure Causes
BECOME PRIMARY

Recommended Actions
BECOME PRIMARY

Detail Data
ERNUM
0000 0011
ABSTRACT
INIT timeout
AREA
SEA HA state notification
BUILD INFO
BLD: 1405 01-15:27:12 z2014_18A7
LOCATION
Filename:sea_ha.c Function:seaha_init_timeout Line:2022
DATA
seahap->state = 0x00000002

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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» You should see an entry in the error log similar to the following when you issue the errlog
command on the secondary VIO server:
$ errlog -ls
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
LABEL: VIOS_SEAHA_BACKUP
IDENTIFIER: 1FE2DD91

Date/Time: Sun Feb 15 06:52:18 CET 2015

Sequence Number: 332
Machine Id: 00F948344C00
Node Id: sys8981_vios2
Class: H
Type: INFO
WPAR: Global
Resource Name: ent3
Resource Class: adapter
Resource Type: sea
Location:

Description
BECOME BACKUP

Probable Causes
BECOME BACKUP

Failure Causes
BECOME BACKUP

Recommended Actions
BECOME BACKUP

Detail Data
ERNUM
0000 0008
ABSTRACT
Transition from INIT to BACKUP
AREA
SEA HA state notification
BUILD INFO
BLD: 1405 01-15:27:12 z2014_18A7
LOCATION
Filename:sea_ha.c Function:seaha_ctlrecv Line:1144
DATA
seahap->state= 0x00000003
Become the Backup SEA

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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__ 20. Using the HMC GUI, you can have a graphical view of the overall network configuration on
your managed system. Select your managed system in the navigation area; then select
Configuration > Virtual Resources > Virtual Network Management. When the window
opens, select the entry for the VSwitch device ETHERNET0(Default).

» Select your managed system and then Configuration > Virtual Resources > Virtual Network
Management. In the window that opens, select the entry for VSwitch ETHERNET0(Default).
» In the example shown below, VLAN ID 400 is bridged, and you can see the names of the VIO
partitions and physical adapter names configured in the SEA devices performing the bridging.
Each VLAN is bridged by two physical adapters. The two physical adapters are listed in the
order of their trunk priority. This window is a global view of the system VLAN configuration for
the selected VSwitch. In the example, the default ETHERNET0 VSwitch is selected. If you
create another VSwitch, you will be able to select it and check its VLAN configuration.
» Only partitions with an available IP address that can be reached by the HMC are listed in the
window.

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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__ 21. In the Virtual Network Management window, select your VLAN ID by clicking the radio
button next to it. A detailed view of the SEAs and the partitions connected to the VLAN
should be displayed. Check that both of your team's Virtual I/O Servers are listed with their
associated SEA and priority value.
» Select your managed system and then Configuration > Virtual Resources > Virtual Network
Management. A window should appear like the one shown below. In this example, once VLAN
ID 400 is selected in the VLANs table, the additional details are displayed. The additional details
consists of two tables. The first table lists the names of the LPARs that are currently active on
the selected VLAN, along with information (device name and virtual slot number) of the virtual
adapter connected to the VLAN. The second table shows details of any Shared Ethernet
Adapters configured on the selected VLAN, including information on the physical adapter
(including location code), trunk priority, and the name of the VIO partition that owns the adapter.

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Exercise 7. SEA failover setup

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Part 3: Testing the SEA failover

In this part of the exercise, you will initiate an SEA failover in two different ways:
• By manually changing the SEA ha_mode parameter from auto to standby on the VIOS with the
primary adapter (priority 1); changing the ha_mode must always be performed from the VIO with
the adapter having the highest priority.
• By manually shutting down the primary VIOS. In this case, the backup SEA will detect that the
heartbeat messages are no longer received, and a failover will be initiated.
Testing the SEA failover means that you must work as a team with your teammate.
__ 22. Open a Telnet session or a virtual terminal console on your client LPARs, and start a ping to
your HMC IP address. Leave the ping running for the rest of the exercise to verify that you
have continuous connectivity.
__ 23. Open a console window on the VIO server with the primary adapter (the SEA with trunk
priority one). Run the chdev command to switch to the standby adapter. Change the
ha_mode from auto to standby. Check for the ping command running in your client LPARs.
You might experience (in the ping output) up to a 30-second delay in failover when using SEA
failover. The behavior depends on the physical network switch and the spanning tree settings.
» Issue the chdev command to change the ha_mode attribute. (Your SEA name might be different
in your configuration.)
$ chdev -dev ent3 -attr ha_mode=standby
ent3 changed

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__ 24. Use the entstat command to check whether the failover was successful. In your VIO
server partition with the primary adapter's console session, the status should have changed
from PRIMARY to BACKUP. Perform the checking in the other VIO server; the status
should have changed from BACKUP to PRIMARY.
» You should see the following if you issue the entstat command on the VIO server with the
trunk priority of one (your SEA name might be different in your configuration):
$ entstat -all ent3 | grep "^ *State"
State: BACKUP
» You should see the following if you issue the entstat command on the VIO server with the
trunk priority of two (your SEA name might be different in your configuration):
$ entstat -all ent3 | grep "^ *State"
State: PRIMARY
» Optionally, you can check the active status of the trunk adapter. You should see the following
information when running the entstat command on the VIO server with the trunk priority one:
$ entstat -all ent3 | grep Active
Priority: 1 Active: False
Priority: 1 Active: False
» You should see the following information when running the entstat command on the VIO
server with the trunk priority two:
$ entstat -all ent3 | grep Active
Priority: 2 Active: True
Priority: 2 Active: True
__ 25. Check in the error log for a new entry that shows the status change. You should notice the
entry BECOME BACKUP.
» You should see an entry similar to the following if you issue the errlog command on the VIO
server with the trunk priority one:
IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP T C RESOURCE_NAME DESCRIPTION
1FE2DD91 0215224415 I H ent3 BECOME BACKUP
» You should see the following if you issue the errlog command on the VIO server with the trunk
priority two:
IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP T C RESOURCE_NAME DESCRIPTION
E48A73A4 0215224415 I H ent3 BECOME PRIMARY
__ 26. On the VIO server with the primary adapter (the SEA with trunk priority one), change the
ha_mode from standby back to auto. Use the entstat command to check whether the
fallback is successful.
Check for the ping command running in your client LPARs. Note that you might experience up
to 30 seconds of delay in fallback when using SEA failover. The behavior depends on the
physical network switch and the spanning tree settings.
» For example:
$ chdev -dev ent3 -attr ha_mode=auto
ent3 changed

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__ 27. Test the SEA failover by performing a shutdown of the VIO server with the primary trunk
adapter. Be sure to first shut down the client LPAR that has a VSCSI disk served by this VIO
server. Wait for the AIX LPAR to have a state of Not Activated in the HMC interface before
shutting down the VIO server.
» In the virtual console of the client LPAR, run the shutdown command.
# shutdown -F
» In the virtual console on the VIO server, run the shutdown command.
$ shutdown -force
__ 28. On the running VIO server, use the entstat command (entstat -all <SEA_adapter> |
grep -i state) to check whether the SEA has failed over to the standby adapter.
__ 29. Activate the VIO server that was previously shut down. When the VIO server has booted,
login as padmin and use the entstat command to check whether the SEA has failed back
to the primary adapter.
» After a reactivation of the VIO server, the SEA always fails back to the VIO with the primary
adapter.
__ 30. Activate the client LPAR that was previously shut down.
__ 31. Let your instructor know that you have finished the exercise.

End of exercise

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V11.0
Exercise 8. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client partition

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Exercise 8. Dual VIO server

configuration with MPIO in
the client partition
(with hints)

Estimated time
01:00

Overview
This exercise provides experience in configuring high availability in a VSCSI environment. Students
will implement a dual Virtual I/O Server configuration with multipath I/O in their client partition.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Set up a high availability disk environment with MPIO configured in the client partition

Introduction
The purpose of the exercise is to give the students some experience in implementing a high
availability configuration which includes dual VIO servers and MPIO set up in the client partition.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise 8. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client partition

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• All exercises for this unit depend on the availability of specific equipment in your lab and at your
desk. You will need:
▪ A managed system, configured with two VIO servers and two AIX V7.1 client partitions
installed.
▪ Each client partition must have rootvg installed on a VSCSI disk.
▪ Each client partition must have a virtual Ethernet adapter bridged by an SEA.
▪ A system is needed from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (using SSH).
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Introduction
In this exercise, you will reconfigure your AIX partition to access a new virtual SCSI disk resource
using two VIO servers to provide multiple redundant paths.
The diagram below represents the VSCSI configuration that each team will have set up at the end
of part 3 of this exercise. The adapter names shown in the diagram could be different in your
system configuration. Additional virtual adapters would cause different adapter numbering as well.

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Exercise 8. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client partition

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In order to set up MPIO in a client LPAR, two Virtual I/O Servers must be used. Each VIO server
must serve the same shared LUN to the client LPAR. This LUN must be accessible by both the VIO
servers. The VSCSI disk in the client LPAR will have two MPIO paths provided by two different VIO
servers. Each VSCSI client adapter in the client LPAR must be connected to a VSCSI server
adapter in a different VIO server.
Your actual VSCSI configuration needs to be changed to match the diagram above. You need to
add a new VSCSI disk to your client partition. The new disk will be accessed from your VIO server
and also you teammate’s VIO server. There will be a new VSCSI client/server adapter pair for each
path to the shared LUN.
You need to plan this MPIO configuration as a team of two students. During this exercise, you will
have to perform some steps as a team or work with your teammate's VIO server. Refer to the table
below for your team number.

Table 1. Team numbers

Team number 1 2
Student number 1 2 3 4
Virtual I/O Server name vios1 vios2 vios3 vios4
Client LPAR name lpar1 lpar2 lpar3 lpar4

The exercise is presented in three parts.

• Part 1: Configure a MPIO LUN accessed from two VIOS partitions
Add a new shared LUN to your AIX client partition, and migrate rootvg to this disk. Then remove the
existing VSCSI disk since it is not MPIO-capable.
• Part 2: MPIO failover tests
Shut down some components in the configuration to see how the redundant architecture reacts.
• Part 3: (Optional) Working with MPIO path priority settings
Work with the MPIO path priority settings. This part is optional.

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Exercise 8. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client partition

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Exercise instructions with hints
Part 1: Configure a MPIO LUN accessed from two VIOS partitions
At this point, your client LPAR has a VSCSI disk served by your assigned VIO server. The LUN
being used as the backing storage for this virtual disk is mapped from your assigned VIO server,
and is not visible from any other VIO server (non-shared LUN).
You will reconfigure your client partition to add a new VSCSI disk that is backed by a shared LUN
that is accessible from your VIO server and your teammate’s VIO server. This means you must
create a new VSCSI client/server relationship between your assigned client LPAR and your
teammate's VIO server, as well as add a new VSCSI client/server relationship to your assigned VIO
server, and configure the virtual target devices on each VIO server. For this new shared LUN, your
client LPAR will use two VSCSI client adapters, each one mapping to one of the two VIO servers.
__ 1. Using the HMC Classic GUI, multiple steps are required to complete this task:
__ a. Configure a virtual SCSI server adapter in your VIOS partition.
__ b. Set the reserve_policy attribute for the shared LUN in your VIOS partition.
__ c. Configure a target device for the desired LUN in your VIOS partition.
__ d. Configure a virtual SCSI client adapter in your client partition that maps to the server
adapter in your VIO partition.
__ e. Configure a virtual SCSI server adapter in your teammate’s VIOS partition.
__ f. Set the reserve_policy attribute for the shared LUN in your teammate’s VIOS partition.
__ g. Configure a target device for the desired LUN in your teammate’s VIOS partition.
__ h. Configure a virtual SCSI client adapter in your client partition that maps to the server
adapter in your teammate’s VIO partition.
You already have experience performing some of these tasks from when you initially configured the
non-shared LUN currently being used by your client partition. In this exercise, you will use the HMC
Enhanced+ interface to add the new VSCSI paths to the shared LUN. This means the task is much
simpler, and can be completed much more quickly.
__ 2. Log in to your assigned VIOS partition.
__ 3. One LUN of 10 GB size has been defined during the lab setup for each student. Two of
these LUNs have been zoned to the Fibre Channel adapters used by two of the VIOS
partitions on your managed system (shared LUNs). Each student on a managed system will
use one of these 10 GB shared LUNs as a new MPIO backing storage device for their AIX
partition. The next few steps and the information in below will determine the MPIO LUN
assignment for each student.
__ 4. First, check which physical hdisk devices are 10 GB in size. Execute the lspv -size
command from your Virtual I/O Server CLI; it displays disk size in MB.

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V11.0
Exercise 8. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client partition

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Here is an output example; hdisk3 and hdisk4 are 10 GB in size.
$ lspv -size
NAME PVID SIZE(megabytes)
hdisk0 00f948341c02b084 30720
hdisk1 00f948341a9c87d4 8192
hdisk2 00f948342aeb3057 8192
hdisk3 none 10240
hdisk4 none 10240
__ 5. Record the hdisk devices reported as 10 GB in ascending order in the table below. For
example, based on the previous example command output, record hdisk3 in the first row,
and hdisk4 in the second row.
Table 2. hdisk name for student allocation
10 GB size hdisk name Student ID
student 1, student 3
student 2, student 4

__ 6. Based on your student ID, select from the table the hdisk that you will use as a MPIO device
for your client partition, and make a note of it here:_____________________________
For example, based on the previous example command output:
- student 1 uses the hdisk3 device visible on their VIOS partition and the VIOS partition of
student 2.
- student 2 uses the hdisk4 device visible on their VIOS partition and the VIOS partition of
student 1.
- student 3 uses the hdisk3 device visible on their VIOS partition and the VIOS partition of
student 4. This disk is a different device from the one that is configured as hdisk3 on the
VIOS partitions used by student 1 and student 2.
- student 4 uses the hdisk4 device visible on their VIOS partition and the VIOS partition of
student 3. This disk is a different device from the one that is configured as hdisk4 on the
VIOS partitions used by student1 and student2.
__ 7. On your assigned VIOS partition, display the current value of the reserve_policy attribute for
your selected disk device.
» An example command and output is shown below:
$ lsdev -dev hdisk3 -attr reserve_policy
value

single_path
» The expected result is that the attribute will have a value of single_path. This is the default
value.
__ 8. Log in to your teammate’s VIOS partition and display the value of the reserve_policy
attribute of the disk device you noted above. What is the current value of this attribute?
» The expected result is that the attribute will have the default value of single_path.

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__ 9. Log in to the HMC GUI using the Enhanced+ log in option.
__ 10. Select your assigned partition, and view Partition Properties.
» From the Toolbar, select Resources > All Systems. Select your assigned managed system
and then from the Actions menu, select View System Partitions. This will display the partition
table view for your server.
» Select your assigned partition by clicking the partition name hyperlink in the table to open
partition properties.

__ 11. Select the Virtual Storage option in the Menu Pod, under Virtual I/O.
__ 12. Click Add Virtual SCSI to start the process to add a new virtual SCSI resource to the
partition.
__ 13. In the Add Virtual SCSI Device panel, enter lparX_MPIO in the User Defined Name field,
where X is your student ID. In the table of disk devices, select the entry for the 10 GB disk
that mentions your VIOS partition and your teammates VIOS partition and has the device
name you wrote down in Based on your student ID, select from the table the hdisk that you
will use as a MPIO device above.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 14. Click Edit Connection to view details of the virtual SCSI connections that will be created.
» An example is shown below:

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» Note that you can control the Server Adapter ID that will be used for the virtual SCSI server
adapter that will be created in each VIOS partition. The default value of Next Available can be
changed by entering the desired adapter ID value.
» Also note that it is not possible to configure the adapter IDs that will be used for the client
adapters that will be created in the client partition.
__ 15. Click OK to close the Edit Connection panel. Then click OK to add the new virtual SCSI
device to the client partition. When the new device has been added, it will be listed in the
Physical Volume table.
» An example is shown below:

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__ 16. On your assigned VIOS partition, display the current value of the reserve_policy attribute for
your selected disk device.
» An example command and output is shown below:
$ lsdev -dev hdisk3 -attr reserve_policy
value

no_reserve
» The expected result is that the attribute now has a value of no_reserve. This is required
because the disk is now being accessed in a MPIO configuration.
__ 17. On your teammate’s VIOS partition, display the value of the reserve_policy attribute of your
selected disk. What is the value of this attribute now?
» The expected result is that the attribute now has a value of no_reserve. This is required
because the disk is now being accessed in a MPIO configuration.
__ 18. Log in to your AIX client partition, and run lsdev -c disk to display the available disk
devices. Run the cfgmgr command, then run lsdev -c disk again. The new disk device
should be called hdisk1.
» An example command and output is shown below:
# lsdev -c disk
hdisk0 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive
# cfgmgr
# lsdev -c disk
hdisk0 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive
hdisk1 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive
__ 19. How many paths are available to the newly added disk device?
» An example command and output is shown below:
# lspath
Enabled hdisk0 vscsi0
Enabled hdisk1 vscsi1
Enabled hdisk1 vscsi2
» The expected result is that two paths are available to the newly added device.
__ 20. Migrate the rootvg volume group onto the new MPIO disk by running the following steps:
__ a. Add the new disk to the rootvg volume group with the following command:
# extendvg rootvg hdisk1
__ b. Migrate the contents of hdisk0 onto hdisk1 with the following command:
# LVM_HOTSWAP_BOOTDISK=1 migratepv hdisk0 hdisk1
__ c. Create a new boot image on hdisk1 with the following command:
# bosboot -a -d /dev/hdisk1
__ d. Change the normal mode boot list with the following command:
# bootlist -m normal hdisk1

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__ e. Display the normal mode boot list with the command shown below. You should see two
entires in the boot list. One for each path to hdisk1.
# bootlist -o -m normal
__ f. Clear the boot record from the hdisk0 device.
# chpv -c hdisk0
__ g. Remove the hdisk0 device from the rootvg volume group.
# reducevg rootvg hdisk0
__ h. Remove the vscsi0 and hdisk0 devices with the following command:
# rmdev -l vscsi0 -d -R

On the Virtual Storage page, right click the entry in the Physical Volume table for the
existing lparX_vtd device, and select the Remove option. Click OK to confirm that you want
to remove the selected resource.
__ 21. After the removal of the original lparX_vtd device, the Physical Volume table should only
show the lparX_MPIO device for the partition.
» An example is shown below:

__ 22. Make sure that the Connections information for the lparX_MPIO device shows both your
assigned VIOS partition and your teammates VIOS partition. If only one VIOS partition is
shown in the Connections field, right-click the entry and select Modify Connections from
the context menu.

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Part 2: MPIO failover tests
To perform the MPIO failover steps, you cannot work alone. You need to work with your teammate,
and can only proceed once both of you have completed part 1 of the exercise. You will perform a
shutdown of one of your team's Virtual I/O Servers that will impact both client LPARs.
Coordinate with your teammate before proceeding. Refer to the table below for the terminology that
will be used regarding VIOS partitions.

Table 3. Team numbers and VIOS

Team # Student # Primary VIOS Secondary VIOS
Team 1 Student 1 Student 2 vios1 vios2
Team 2 Student 3 Student 4 vios3 vios4

__ 23. You need to work with your teammate to perform these steps. Based on the information in
Table 3 on page 8-11, shut down your secondary Virtual I/O Server by running the shutdown
-force command.
» $ shutdown -force
__ 24. When the Virtual I/O Server is shut down, use PuTTY to open a terminal session to each
client LPAR served by this Virtual I/O Server, and log in as the root user.
__ 25. Run the lspath command on both client LPARs to check the status of each path to hdisk1.
» Example output is shown below:
# lspath
Enabled hdisk1 vscsi1
Enabled hdisk1 vscsi2
__ 26. What are the statuses of the paths? Can you explain why?
» The expected result is that the client LPARs show both the paths to hdisk1 with a status of
Enabled. The path using the Virtual I/O Server that has been shut down is not marked as
Failed. This behavior is normal because the health check algorithm has not been activated on
the client LPARs (the hcheck_interval attribute is set to 0). When the health check algorithm is
disabled, and the LPAR is using the failover path selection algorithm, the status of the primary
path is always updated (since the LPAR can detect when the path is no longer functioning),
while the status of the inactive path is not updated since the LPAR is not using it.
__ 27. Use the HMC GUI to activate the Virtual I/O Server that was shut down in Step 23. Wait for
the partition to complete the boot sequence before proceeding with the next step.
__ 28. On each client LPAR virtual terminal, run the chdev command to enable the health checking
function for the MPIO capable device hdisk1. Set the checking interval to six. Remember to
use the -U flag with the command to concurrently update the value.
» Use the following command to change the value of the parameter:
# chdev -l hdisk1 -a hcheck_interval=6 -U

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» The attribute can be updated concurrently starting with AIX 7.1 TL3 and AIX 6.1 TL9. For older
versions of AIX, a reboot is required as the parameter cannot be changed concurrently, it can
only be changed in the ODM. With these prior AIX levels, it is not necessary to shutdown and
then reactivate the partition, only the operating system needs to be rebooted.
__ 29. Use the lspath command to check which MPIO path is the active path for hdisk0.
Answer: __________________________________________________________
» The following command sequence shows how to determine the paths available for a device,
and the priority of each path:
# lspath -Ht -l hdisk1
status name parent path_id

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi1 0

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi2 1
# lspath -AHE -l hdisk1 -p vscsi1
attribute value description user_settable

priority 1 Priority True

# lspath -AHE -l hdisk1 -p vscsi2
attribute value description user_settable

priority 1 Priority True

» The output shows there are two paths available to hdisk1, and both paths have the same
priority. In this case, path ID 0, which goes through the vscsi1 adapter will be used by default.
Since the path has a status of Enabled, it is the active path.
__ 30. Perform a shutdown of your team's secondary Virtual I/O Server again.
» $ shutdown -force
__ 31. When the Virtual I/O Server has shut down, check the status of the paths to hdisk1 on each
AIX LPAR. Explain what you observe.
» Both client LPARs will have one path marked as Enabled, and one marked as Failed. The failed
path will be the one using the VIO server that has been shutdown. None of the LPARs will have
been using the failed path as the primary path. The healthcheck algorithm has detected the
failure.
» The following shows the expected output on the client LPARs. The -H flag of lspath includes
column headers in the output. The -t flag indicates that each path description should also
include the path ID value.
# lspath -Ht
status name parent path_id

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi1 0

Failed hdisk1 vscsi2 1
__ 32. Look at the error log in each AIX partition. You should see an entry indicating that a path has
failed for hdisk1.

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» The following is an example error log entry indicating a path failure for hdisk1. The Detail Data
section indicates the path ID of the failed path.
# errpt -a
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
LABEL: SC_DISK_ERR7
IDENTIFIER: DE3B8540

Date/Time: Thu Mar 19 21:26:19 2015

Sequence Number: 102
Machine Id: 00F948344C00
Node Id: sys8981_lpar1
Class: H
Type: PERM
WPAR: Global
Resource Name: hdisk1
Resource Class: disk
Resource Type: vdisk
Location: U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C2-T1-L8100000000000000

Description
PATH HAS FAILED

Probable Causes
ADAPTER HARDWARE OR CABLE
DASD DEVICE

Failure Causes
UNDETERMINED

Recommended Actions
PERFORM PROBLEM DETERMINATION PROCEDURES
CHECK PATH

Detail Data
PATH ID
1
SENSE DATA
0600 0000 0000 0004 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0200 0B00 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
__ 33. Use the HMC GUI to activate the Virtual I/O Server that was shut down in Perform a
shutdown of your team's secondary Virtual I/O Server again. .
__ 34. When the VIO server has booted and you see the login prompt on the console window,
check the path status again in each client LPAR.

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» When the VIO server has booted, it is expected that both client LPARs will show both paths with
a state of Enabled:
# lspath -Ht
status name parent path_id

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi1 0

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi2 1
__ 35. Look at the error log in each AIX partition. You should see an entry indicating that a path has
recovered for hdisk1.

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» The following is an example error log entry indicating a path failure for hdisk1. The Detail Data
section indicates the path ID of the failed path.
# errpt -a
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
LABEL: SC_DISK_PCM_ERR9
IDENTIFIER: F31FFAC3

Date/Time: Thu Mar 19 21:31:01 2015

Sequence Number: 104
Machine Id: 00F948344C00
Node Id: sys8981_lpar1
Class: H
Type: INFO
WPAR: Global
Resource Name: hdisk1
Resource Class: disk
Resource Type: vdisk
Location: U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C2-T1-L8100000000000000

Description
PATH HAS RECOVERED

Probable Causes
ARRAY CONTROLLER
CABLES AND CONNECTIONS

Failure Causes
ARRAY CONTROLLER
CABLES AND CONNECTIONS

Recommended Actions
NO ACTION NECESSARY

Detail Data
PATH ID
1
SENSE DATA
0600 0000 0000 0004 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0102 0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0009
__ 36. This is the end of part 2. Notify your instructor that you are finished. The next part is an
optional exercise.

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Part 3: Working with MPIO path priority settings (Optional)
To perform these steps, you need to synchronize the actions with your teammate. You will modify
the path priority values used on your client LPARs to distribute the disk I/O activity to different VIO
servers. If you have followed the exercise steps until now, you will have both client LPARs in your
team using the same VIO server for disk I/O activity.
__ 37. Check that your client LPARs are now using the same VIO server for disk I/O activity.
__ a. On each client LPAR, open a terminal window and run the following command to
generate some disk I/O traffic:
# dd if=/dev/hdisk1 of=/dev/null
The command will run for about 10 minutes, or until it is terminated.
__ b. Open a terminal window on each VIO server, and run the topas command. Then type
capital D to monitor the physical disk activity. You should see activity on the physical disk
devices used as backing storage for the VSCSI disks used by your client LPARs only on
the odd numbered VIO server.
» The topas command output example shown below is from an odd numbered VIO server. It
shows disk activity on two backing storage devices, hdisk3 (used by lpar1) and hdisk4 (used by
lpar2).
Topas Monitor for host: sys8981_vios1nterval: 2 Thu Mar 19 21:47:15 2015
===============================================================================
Disk Busy% KBPS TPS KB-R ART MRT KB-W AWT MWT AQW AQD
hdisk4 49.0 13.9K 3.5K 13.9K 0.1 279.6 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0
hdisk3 34.0 13.8K 3.5K 13.8K 0.1 190.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0
hdisk0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 3.7 0.0 0.0
hdisk1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
hdisk2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
» The topas command output example shown below is from an even numbered VIO server. It
shows no disk activity on hdisk3 and hdisk4, the backing storage devices.
Topas Monitor for host: sys8981_vios2nterval: 2 Thu Mar 19 21:46:37 2015
===============================================================================
Disk Busy% KBPS TPS KB-R ART MRT KB-W AWT MWT AQW AQD
hdisk0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0
hdisk3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
hdisk4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
hdisk2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
hdisk1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
__ 38. Open another terminal window to your odd numbered client LPAR (that is, lpar1 or lpar3).
Change the MPIO path priority values in order to explicitly send the client LPARs disk I/O
traffic to the odd numbered VIO server. Use the chpath command to change the priority
value of the path with ID 1 for hdisk1 from 1 to 2. This means that the path with ID 0 will be
the explicit preferred path, since it still has the default priority value of 1.
Display the priority value for each path once you have changed the value for path ID 1.

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Note

The priority change does not require a reboot to take effect.

» Open a terminal window on your odd numbered client LPAR and log in as root.
» Here is an example command sequence to change the priority value for path ID 1 for an odd
numbered LPAR. The first command determines which parent device is used by the path with
path ID 1. The second command changes the priority of this path.
# lspath -Ht -l hdisk1
status name parent path_id

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi1 0

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi2 1
# chpath -l hdisk1 -p vscsi2 -a priority=2
path Changed
» Here is an example command sequence to display the priority values for hdisk1. The output
was obtained on an odd numbered LPAR.
# lspath -AHE -l hdisk1 -p vscsi1
attribute value description user_settable

priority 1 Priority True

# lspath -AHE -l hdisk1 -p vscsi2
attribute value description user_settable

priority 2 Priority True

__ 39. Open another terminal window to your even numbered client LPAR (that is, lpar2 or lpar4).
Change the MPIO path priority values in order to explicitly send the client LPARs disk I/O
traffic to the even numbered VIO server. Use the chpath command to change the priority
value of the path with ID 0 for hdisk1 from 1 to 2. This means that path with ID 1 will be the
explicit preferred path, since it still has the default priority value of 1.
Display the priority value for each path once you have changed the value for path ID 0.
» Open a terminal window on your even numbered client LPAR and log in as root.
» Here is an example command sequence to change the priority value for path ID 0 for an even
numbered LPAR. The first command determines which parent device is used by the path with
path ID 0. The second command changes the priority of this path.
# lspath -Ht -l hdisk1
status name parent path_id

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi1 0

Enabled hdisk1 vscsi2 1
# chpath -l hdisk1 -p vscsi1 -a priority=2
path Changed

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» Here is an example command sequence to display the priority values for hdisk1. The output
was obtained on an even numbered LPAR.
# lspath -AHE -l hdisk1 -p vscsi1
attribute value description user_settable

priority 2 Priority True

# lspath -AHE -l hdisk1 -p vscsi2
attribute value description user_settable

priority 1 Priority True

__ 40. Check that your client LPARs are now using different VIO servers for disk I/O activity.
__ a. On each client LPAR make sure the dd command you started earlier is still running. If it
has finished, then restart it:
# dd if=/dev/hdisk1 of=/dev/null
__ b. On each VIO server, examine the output of the topas command that you started
previously. The output on each VIO server should show activity on only one of the
physical disk devices used as backing storage by your client LPARs. The activity should
be on different disks on each VIO server.
» The topas command output example shown below is from an odd numbered VIO server. It
shows disk activity on only one backing storage device, hdisk3 (used by lpar1).
Topas Monitor for host: sys8981_vios1nterval: 2 Thu Mar 19 22:25:43 2015
===============================================================================
Disk Busy% KBPS TPS KB-R ART MRT KB-W AWT MWT AQW AQD
hdisk3 55.0 14.1K 3.5K 14.1K 0.1 209.4 0.0 0.0 2.8 0.0 0.0
hdisk2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
hdisk0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.1 0.0 0.0 102.7 0.0 0.0
hdisk4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 279.6 0.0 0.0 174.1 0.0 0.0
hdisk1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
» The topas command output example shown below is from an even numbered VIO server. It
shows disk activity on only one backing storage device, hdisk4 (used by lpar2).
Topas Monitor for host: sys8981_vios2nterval: 2 Thu Mar 19 22:25:57 2015
===============================================================================
Disk Busy% KBPS TPS KB-R ART MRT KB-W AWT MWT AQW AQD
hdisk4 50.0 14.5K 3.6K 14.5K 0.1 210.4 0.0 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0
hdisk3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
hdisk0 0.0 94.5 19.0 0.0 0.0 11.5 94.5 0.3 22.2 0.0 0.0
hdisk1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
hdisk2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
__ 41. Stop the dd command on your client LPARs. That is the end of this optional exercise. Notify
your instructor that you are finished.

End of exercise

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Exercise 9. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

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Exercise 9. Virtual Fibre Channel

adapter configuration
(with hints)

Estimated time
01:00

Overview
This exercise covers how to access an external LUN by adding a virtual Fibre Channel adapter to a
VIO client partition. Students dynamically create virtual Fibre Channel adapters on the Virtual I/O
Server and the client logical partition. Then they map the virtual Fibre Channel server adapter to an
NPIV capable physical Fibre Channel adapter. Students also examine the different NPIV
configuration attributes.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Configure a virtual Fibre Channel server adapter on the Virtual I/O Server
• Configure a virtual Fibre Channel client adapter on the client logical partition
• Use the HMC to work with the WWPN pair
• Map the virtual Fibre Channel server adapter to a physical NPIV capable Fibre Channel adapter
port
• Access an external LUN using virtual Fibre Channel

Introduction
In this exercise, you will create virtual Fibre Channel adapters (client and server) to access an
external LUN.
You will work alone using your client logical partition and use one Virtual I/O Server that has an
NPIV-capable physical Fibre Channel adapter installed.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• All procedures in this exercise depend on the availability of specific equipment. You will need a
computer system connected to the Internet, a web browser, a telnet program, and a utility for
running SSH. You will also need a managed system with Fibre Channel adapters
(NPIV-capable). All lab systems need to be accessible to each other on a network.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.
• NPIV (N_Port ID virtualization) was introduced in Virtual I/O Server V2.1. An NPIV-capable
physical Fibre Channel adapter can be used to provide a path for a logical Fibre Channel
adapter. For the client logical partition, this logical adapter functions similar to a physical
adapter. The NPIV configuration simplifies the management of SAN environments.
• You will create virtual Fibre Channel adapters using the following slot convention.

Table 1. Virtual Fibre Channel adapters

Student number Virtual Fibre Channel Virtual Fibre Channel
server slot# client slot#
Student 1 21 21
Student 2 22 22
Student 3 23 23
Student 4 24 24

__ 1. Log in to the HMC GUI using the Classic log in option.

__ 2. From the HMC GUI, select your assigned Virtual I/O Server partition and dynamically create
a virtual Fibre Channel server adapter. Use the slot number convention specified in Table 1
above. Specify your assigned client logical partition and the client adapter ID. Here is an
example for student4:

__ 3. Log in to your assigned Virtual I/O Server.

__ 4. Use the lsdev command to check for the new virtual Fibre Channel adapter.

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» Example command and output:
$ lsdev -dev vfchost*
name status description
vfchost0 Available Virtual FC Server Adapter
__ 5. Run the lsmap -all -npiv command to check your vfchost adapter slot number and
status.
» Example command and output:
$ lsmap -all -npiv
Name Physloc ClntID ClntName ClntOS
------------- ---------------------------------- ------ -------------- -------
vfchost0 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C21 11

Status:NOT_LOGGED_IN
FC name: FC loc code:
Ports logged in:0
Flags:1<NOT_MAPPED,NOT_CONNECTED>
VFC client name: VFC client DRC:
__ 6. In the next steps, you will map the virtual Fibre Channel server adapter to a physical port on
the physical Fibre Channel adapter.
__ a. Run the lsdev command to identify the physical Fibre Channel ports in the Virtual I/O
Server. Use the fcs0 adapter unless your instructor tells you to use another one.
» Example command and output:
$ lsdev -dev fcs*
name status description
fcs0 Available 8Gb PCI Express Dual Port FC Adapter (df1000f114108a03)
fcs1 Available 8Gb PCI Express Dual Port FC Adapter (df1000f114108a03)
__ b. Run the lsnports command to list the ports that are capable of N_Port ID virtualization
(NPIV). Verify the fabric attribute is set to 1. This means the adapter and the SAN switch
are NPIV ready.
» Example command and output:
$ lsnports
name physloc fabric tports aports swwpns awwpns
fcs0 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1 1 64 64 2048 2040
fcs1 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T2 0 64 64 2048 2048
__ c. Run the vfcmap command to map your virtual Fibre Channel server adapter to the
physical Fibre Channel adapter port fcs0.
» Here is an example, using the vfchost0 virtual adapter:
$ vfcmap -vadapter vfchost0 -fcp fcs0
vfchost0 changed
__ 7. Select your client logical partition and dynamically create a virtual Fibre Channel adapter.

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Exercise 9. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

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__ 8. Use the slot number convention specified in Table 1 above. Specify the Virtual I/O Server
partition and the server adapter ID (slot number). Here is an example for student1:
__ a. Log in to your assigned client logical partition and run cfgmgr to configure the virtual
Fibre Channel adapter and its associated child devices.
__ b. Use the lsdev command to check for the new client virtual Fibre Channel adapter.
Check for its Available state.
» Example command and output:
# lsdev -Cc adapter | grep fcs
fcs0 Available 21-T1 Virtual Fibre Channel Client Adapter
__ c. Use the lscfg command to check the worldwide port name (the network address) of the
virtual Fibre Channel client adapter.
» Example command and output:
# lscfg -vpl fcs0
fcs0 U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C21-T1 Virtual Fibre Channel Client Adapter

Network Address.............C0507607E9390016
ROS Level and ID............
Device Specific.(Z0)........
Device Specific.(Z1)........
Device Specific.(Z2)........
Device Specific.(Z3)........
Device Specific.(Z4)........
Device Specific.(Z5)........
Device Specific.(Z6)........
Device Specific.(Z7)........
Device Specific.(Z8)........C0507607E9390016
Device Specific.(Z9)........
Hardware Location Code......U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C21-T1

PLATFORM SPECIFIC

Name: vfc-client
Node: vfc-client@30000015
Device Type: fcp
Physical Location: U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C21-T1

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Exercise 9. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

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__ 9. From the HMC GUI, look at your logical partition properties. Select the Virtual Adapters
tab.
__ 10. Examine the properties of your virtual Fibre Channel adapter and record the WWPN pair
below.

» Select the virtual Fibre Channel adapter, and then run Actions > Properties. An example is
shown below:
WWPN: ____________________________
WWPN: ____________________________
For example:

__ 11. Open an ssh connection to your HMC using PuTTY, and log in. Use the lshwres command
to check the virtual Fibre Channel adapters on your client logical partition.

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Exercise 9. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

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» Here is an lshwres example on the managed system named sys869:
hscroot@hmc56:~> lshwres -r virtualio --rsubtype fc -m sys869 --level lpar
--filter lpar_names=sys8692_lpar4
lpar_name=sys8692_lpar4,lpar_id=14,slot_num=24,adapter_type=client,state=1,is_r
equired=0,remote_lpar_id=3,remote_lpar_name=sys8692_vios1,remote_slot_num=24,"w
wpns=c05076087ae00004,c05076087ae00005"
__ 12. In the next step, you will change the WWPNs to a specific pair of values. Each time you
create a virtual Fibre Channel adapter, a new WWPN pair is defined. During the class lab
setup, external LUNs were created and mapped to specific predefined worldwide port name
pairs. You must change the WWPN pair of your virtual Fibre Channel adapter in the profile
called Normal to match these predefined values.
__ a. From the HMC CLI, use the lssyscfg command to retrieve the configuration details of
the virtual Fibre Channel adapter in your partition. Use the following command (specify
your LPAR name and managed system name):
lssyscfg -m <your managed system> -r prof --filter lpar_names=<your
lpar>,profile_names=Normal -F virtual_fc_adapters
Here is example output of the lssyscfg command:
"""24/client/3/sys8692_vios1/24/c05076087ae00004,c05076087ae00005/0"""
The WWPN values in this profile will be changed in the next step.
__ b. On your logical partition, change directory to /home/an30.
# cd /home/an30
The script modify.fc.wwpns.sh is provided to change the WWPN pair of your client
virtual Fibre Channel adapter. The script establishes an ssh connection to the HMC and
then executes a chsyscfg command to modify the WWPNs pair values in the specified
profile name.
The syntax of the modify.fc.wwpns.sh script is shown below:
/modify.fc.wwpns.sh <HMC IP address> <HMC user ID> <managed system>
<class number> <lpar name> <profile> <student number>
__ c. Invoke the modify.fc.wwpns.sh script with the correct arguments to change the
WWPN pair of the virtual Fibre Channel adapter of your partition’s Normal profile.
The following example command changes the WWPN pair for the adapter in the Normal
profile of the partition sys8981_lpar3 on the managed system sys898:
/modify.fc.wwpns.sh 10.8.12.40 stud5011_3 sys869 1 sys8692_lpar4
\ Normal 4
The script will prompt twice to enter the password for the specified user ID on the HMC;
once when running the command to retrieve the existing virtual FC adapter
configuration, and again when running the command to change the WWPNs of the
virtual FC adapter for the specified LPAR profile. Table below shows the WWPN format
that will be used. Each WWPN value is 16 hexadecimal digits long and, to be unique in
your course configuration, will include the managed system number and class number.

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Exercise 9. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

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Table 2. WWPN pair

Student number WWPN pair
student 1 c<system number>000000000001,c<system number>000000000002
student 2 c<system number>000000000003,c<system number>000000000004
student 3 c<system number>000000000005,c<system number>000000000006
student 4 c<system number>000000000007,c<system number>000000000008

» The script uses the chsyscfg command to change the WWPN pair. The following command is
used:
$ chsyscfg -r prof -m <managed system> -i name=<profile>, lpar_name=<lpar name>,
\"virtual_fc_adapters=\"\"<slot_num>/<adapter_type>/[<remote_lpar_id>]/
[<remote_lpar_name>]/<remote_slot_num>/[<wwpns>]//<is_required>\"\"\" --force
__ d. From the HMC CLI, use the lssyscfg command to retrieve the virtual Fibre Channel
adapters information for your LPAR. Verify the new WWPN values match the
information provided in Table 2. Use the following command specifying your lpar name
and managed system name.
lssyscfg -m <your managed system> -r prof --filter lpar_names=<your
lpar>,profile_names=Normal -F virtual_fc_adapters
__ 13. Perform a shutdown of your client logical partition. Wait for the partition state to show Not
Activated before continuing with the next step.
__ 14. Activate your client partition using the Normal profile. Wait for the partition to complete the
boot sequence before continuing to the next step.
__ 15. Log in to your logical partition and verify that a new hdisk is available. Use the lsdev
command to check the disk type. The disk type should not be a virtual SCSI disk but instead
it should some type of Fibre Channel disk.
» An example is shown below. The exact type of Fibre Channel disk on your system may be
different:
# lsdev -c disk
hdisk0 Available 21-T1-01 MPIO IBM 2145 FC Disk
hdisk1 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive
__ 16. On your Virtual I/O Server, run the lsmap command to display the mapping between the
physical Fibre Channel adapter port and your virtual Fibre Channel adapter. The status
should be LOGGED_IN.

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Exercise 9. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

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» Example command and output:
$ lsmap -all -npiv
Name Physloc ClntID ClntName ClntOS
------------- ---------------------------------- ------ -------------- -------
vfchost0 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C21 11 sys8981_lpar1 AIX

Status:LOGGED_IN
FC name:fcs0 FC loc code:U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1
Ports logged in:9
Flags:a<LOGGED_IN,STRIP_MERGE>
VFC client name:fcs0 VFC client DRC:U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C21
__ 17. Let your instructor know that you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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V11.0
Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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Exercise 10.Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

(with hints)

Estimated time
01:00

Overview
This exercise covers the configuration SR-IOV and vNIC.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Check SR-IOV mode.
• Create and configure a vNIC adapter.
• Migrate current network connection from SEA to vNIC.

Introduction
In this exercise, you will migrate the current SEA based network configuration to an SR-IOV Logical
Port backed vNIC network configuration for testing. As the time of writing vNIC does not support
failover function, original SEA based setup will be restored at the end of the exercise. The new
HMC Enhanced+ interface will be used during this exercise because the Classic interface does not
have vNIC management functions.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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V11.0
Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• This exercise depends on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will
need:
▪ A managed system configured with one VIO server and one AIX client LPAR per student.
▪ A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (by way of SSH): All lab
systems need to be accessible to each other on a network.
▪ An SR-IOV capable network adapter.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Introduction
The goals of this exercise are to create and SR-IOV Logical Port backed vNIC adapter to your
partition and migrate the current SEA based network connection to this vNIC adapter. After testing
the network connectivity with vNIC, original setup will be restored.
__ 1. Login to the HMC using the Enhanced+ interface.
__ 2. Check the current mode for of SR-IOV capable network adapter.
» Open System Properties for your managed system, then select Hardware Virtualized I/O
from the Menu Pod. Select the SR-IOV capable adapter from the combo box and check Mode
value in the displayed configuration summary. The adapter Mode must be Shared.
» Example shown below:

__ 3. Also check the available Logical Ports number in the table. Value should be more then 1.
» Example shown below:

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V11.0
Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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__ 4. Shut down your client Partition using and AIX command and wait until the operation finish.
Partition State should be Not Activated in the Partition table view of the System.
» Login to your Partition using SSH connection and invoke the following command:
» shutdown –F now
__ 5. Open your Partition Properties and start adding a new vNIC adapter.
» Select your partition from the Partition table view for the managed system and perform View
Partition Properties task from the Actions menu. An example shown below:

__ 6. Select Virtual NICs from the Menu Pod, under the Virtual I/O Section. Click the Add Virtual
NIC button. The Add Virtual NIC window will open. Example shown below:

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V11.0
Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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__ 7. From the Add Virtual NIC window, select the SR-IOV Physical Port. Make sure to select a
port with location code ending with T3 (the first 1Gbps speed port). Select your Virtual I/O
Server from the combo box. Enter 20 as the Virtual NIC Capacity percentage.
» Example shown below:

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V11.0
Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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__ 8. Click OK to stat adding the Virtual NIC. This may take some time as the HMC will create
the server vNIC adapter and because the partition is not running, profile will be updated
with the client vNIC definition. After the operation finish, the Virtual NICs table view will be
displayed.
» Example shown below:

Note

Device Name will be unavailable until the partition starts up and configure the device. If the vNIC
adapter added using dynamic partitioning, cfgmgr shoud be run to discover the new vNIC
interface.

__ 9. Login to your Virtual I/O Server and check whether the new Server nNIC adapter created.
» Example command shown below:
$ lsdev -virtual | grep NIC
vnicserver0 Available Virtual NIC Server Device (vnicserver)

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V11.0
Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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__ 10. Activate your partition. Wait until AIX fully started.
» Select your partition from the Partition table view of your System and perform Activate task
from the Actions menu. Example shown below:

__ 11. Select Activate (Normal) in the activation window and click Finish. Example shown below:

__ 12. You are going to change the network configuration of your partition, so open a VTerm
session from the HMC and login to AIX as root.
» You can use the HMC interface to open a Console window or the HMC CLI. This example using
the CLI to access to the partition.

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Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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» Open an SSH connection to the HMC and invoke vterm command. Select your server and then
your partition. Example output shown below:
----------------------------------------------------------
Managed Systems:
----------------------------------------------------------
1) sys869
2) sys870

Enter Number of Managed System. (q to quit): 1

----------------------------------------------------------
Partitions On Managed System: sys869
OS/400 Partitions not listed
----------------------------------------------------------
1) lpar2 Running
2) student1 Open Firmware
3) student1_newpartition Not Activated
4) sys8691_sharedvios Running
5) sys8691_vios1 Running
6) sys8691_vios2 Running
7) sys8692_lpar4 Running
8) sys8692_vios1 Running
9) sys8692_vios2 Running

Enter Number of Running Partition (q to quit): 7

Opening Virtual Terminal On Partition sys8692_lpar4 . . .

Open in progress

Open Completed.

AIX Version 7
Copyright IBM Corporation, 1982, 2015.
Console login:
__ 13. Check for the new vNIC interface.
» Example shows the command output.
# lsdev -Cc adapter | grep NIC
ent1 Available Virtual NIC Client Adapter (vnic)
__ 14. Migrate the current TCPIP configuration from the Virtual Ethernet adapter (en0) to the new
Virtual NIC adapter (en1). Write down the current IP settings for the en0 network adapter.
__ a. IP address: _______________
__ b. Netmask:________________
__ c. Default Gateway: _____________

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V11.0
Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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» Use the following commands to determine IP configuration details.
ifconfig -a (for IP address and netmask)
netstat -rn (for default route)
__ 15. Remove the current IP configuration.
» Example command shown below:
# rmdev --dl en0
en0 deleted
__ 16. Configure TCPIP settings using the new vNIC adapter.
» Example command shown below:
# mktcpip -h sys8692_lpar4 -a 10.8.12.53 -i en1 -m 255.255.255.0 -g 10.8.12.254
en1
sys8692_lpar4
inet0 changed
en1 changed
inet0 changed
__ 17. Check the network connection. Use the ping command against the HMC IP address.
» Example command output shown below:
# ping -c 2 10.8.12.40
PING 10.8.12.40: (10.8.12.40): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.8.12.40: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0 ms
64 bytes from 10.8.12.40: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0 ms
__ 18. Now testing is done. At this time, vNIC does not support failover function, so you need to
restore SEA based network connection. Move IP address from en1 to en0 adapter. You
might need to run cgmgr first, to bring en0 to Available state.
» Example command output shown below:
# cfgmgr

# rmdev -dl en1

en1 deleted
# rmdev -dl et1
et1 deleted
# rmdev -dl ent1
ent1 deleted

# mktcpip -h sys8692_lpar4 -a 10.8.12.53 -i en0 -m 255.255.255.0 -g 10.8.12.254

en0
sys8692_lpar4
inet0 changed
en0 changed
inet0 changed
__ 19. Go to the HMC and dynamically remove the vNIC adapter from the partition.
» Go to your Partition Properties view and select Virtual NICs from the Menu Pod.

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Exercise 10. Configure SR-IOV and vNIC

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__ 20. Select the vNIC adapter and from the Actions menu, select Remove. An example shown
below:

__ 21. Confirm the removal in the popup window.

__ 22. Server vNIC adapter will be also removed from the Virtual I/O Server.
__ 23. Notify your instructor that you have finished the exercise.

End of exercise

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V11.0
Exercise 11. Manage service events

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Exercise 11.Manage service events

(with hints)

Estimated time
00:30

Overview
This exercise demonstrates management of a serviceable event from the HMC GUI as well as
diagnostic operations and service tools configuration of the POWER8 processor-based managed
system.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Run diagnostics in a partitioned environment to generate an event
• Manage connection monitoring for servers
• Check the operation of the SFP application

Introduction
In this exercise, you run a diagnostic and check the configuration of the SFP service tool by running
two tests and verifying that the events are logged.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise 11. Manage service events

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• All exercises for this exercise depend on the availability of specific equipment in your lab and at
your desk. You will need:
▪ A computer system with Internet access and a web browser installed from which to execute
remote commands to the HMC (using SSH).
▪ A managed system configured with at least one partition.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Part 1: Service Tools

This first part of this exercise requires you to check the SFP configuration on the HMC.
__ 1. Your AIX partition needs to be running for this exercise. If your partition is not running,
activate it with its default partition profile.
__ 2. Log in to your AIX partition. Check that the /var file system is not full on your partition.
» Log in to your partition. Use the command df /var to find out the percentage used.
# df /var
Filesystem 512-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd9var 131072 96288 27% 414 4% /var
» If /var is over 80% full, use the following command to increase it by 64 MB:
chfs -a size=+64M /var
__ 3. Make sure the date in your partition is the same as the date on the HMC. If the date on the
partition and the HMC are more than 90 days out of sync, the serviceable events will be
deleted on the HMC. Change the LPAR date and time if needed.
» Log in to your partition and type the date command.
» Log in to the HMC CLI using PuTTY and run the date command. The HMC date and time and
the partition date and time should not be more than 90 days out of sync. Note that the HMC
information will most likely be displayed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) format, whereas
the partition will most likely use the timezone of where the system is located.
__ 4. Check that all of the RMC daemons are running on the partition. This operation is related to
the Dynamic Resource Allocation.
» On the partition, run the command: lssrc -a | grep rsct_rm. This command will list the
daemons responsible for HMC and partition communication (among other functions).

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Exercise 11. Manage service events

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» Example output of lssrc command:
# lssrc -a | grep rsct_rm
IBM.DRM rsct_rm 6226114 active
IBM.ServiceRM rsct_rm 4915408 active
IBM.HostRM rsct_rm 6291680 active
IBM.ERRM rsct_rm inoperative
IBM.AuditRM rsct_rm inoperative
IBM.MgmtDomainRM rsct_rm inoperative

» The output shows that the typical RMC daemons are active. Do not worry if your list is not
exactly the same as the one above. Some individual daemons are only active when they are
needed.
» Run the command startsrc -g rsct_rm if all the daemons are in an inactive state.
__ 5. Start a browser, and connect to your assigned HMC. Log in to the Enhanced+ interface
using the user ID and password provided by your instructor.
Is the managed system enabled for Connection Monitoring?
» From the Toolbar, select Serviceability > Service Management from the Toolbar. Choose
Manage Connection Monitoring on the Service Management page. Your managed system
should display Enabled in the State column, as shown in the example below.

__ 6. Based on the configuration of your HMC, how many minutes does the connection have to
be disconnected for the event to be considered a network outage?
» From the Manage Partition Connection Monitoring window, as shown in the last step's hint,
the number of disconnected minutes considered to be an outage is 15.

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Exercise 11. Manage service events

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__ 7. Test that the HMC is configured to log serviceable events to the SFP. Use the Create
Serviceable Event task from the HMC to perform the test. Later in this exercise, you will
check for the HMC event in SFP (Manage Serviceable Events).
» In the Service Management page, choose Create Serviceable Event.
» In the pop-up window, click the Test problem reporting check box. In the Problem
Description field, write a comment containing your student number and HMC as shown in the
example below. Click Request Service once you have entered the comment.

» In the pop-up window, click OK to exit the HMC problem reporting test.

__ 8. Perform a test for your managed server to make sure that server events will be logged into
HMC SFP.
» Open the managed system Properties and select Serviceability from the Menu Pod. Click
Create Serviceable Events on the Serviceability page.
» In the pop-up window, select Test automatic problem reporting as the problem type, add a
problem description text containing your student number and your server name, and click
Request Service as shown in this example:

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Exercise 11. Manage service events

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» In the pop-up window, click OK to exit the problem reporting test.

__ 9. Perform a test from your AIX partition to make sure that it will log events with SFP. Log in to
your partition as root and run the following oppanel diagnostic test:
__ a. Run diag at the AIX shell prompt.
__ b. Press Enter to continue.
__ c. Choose Diagnostic Routines. It should already be highlighted; simply press Enter.
__ d. Choose System Verification. It should already be highlighted; simply press Enter.
__ e. Use the cursor keys to scroll down to oppanel, and press Enter to select; then press F7
to commit.
__ f. When asked if you want to proceed to create a test serviceable event, use the cursor
keys to select YES, and press Enter. On the next screen, press Enter to continue.
__ g. When asked if you want to report this problem to the Service to Service Focal Point, use
the cursor keys to select YES, and press Enter. This procedure should log an event from
this partition in SFP, but it might take a few minutes. You will check for this event later in
this exercise. After a few minutes, you should see the System Attention Indicator appear
next to your partition name. You do not have to wait to see this indicator to proceed to
the next step.
__ h. Press F10 to exit the diagnostic program.

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Exercise 11. Manage service events

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Part 2: Check and close events
Earlier in this exercise, you performed three tests to verify the operation of SFP. The first was a test
from the HMC, the second was a server diagnostic test, and the third was an operator panel
(oppanel) diagnostic test from your AIX partition. In this part of the exercise, you will check SFP for
these events and close them.
__ 10. From the HMC GUI session, select Serviceability > Serviceable Events Manager from
the Toolbar.

This pop-up menu allows you to filter the output so that you can find the events you need to
see. Feel free to explore the options. When you are ready, at the top of the screen choose to
see all open events. Click OK.
__ 11. Several students in the class are using the same HMC, therefore the next screen will
probably list multiple instances of each of the three types of serviceable events which this
exercise has you generate. Look for your new events; use the Number of days to view
criteria and specify one day to verify that your specific events were logged. The newest
events will be at the top of the list. You might need to resize the window or scroll to the right
to see the descriptive text.
Below is an example Serviceable Event Overview screen. The first line is the oppanel test
run in an LPAR (reference code 651-199), the second is the managed server test (reference
code B3031007), and the third is the HMC test (reference code B3031107). Click each
reference code to see a description of the problem it represents.
In the example below, you can tell the oppanel test came from the managed system from
the Failing MTMS column and the machine type model number of 8284-22A, which is a
managed system, with serial number 21C18FV. The Reporting name column is not shown
in the example below. You can tell that the HMC test came from the HMC itself from the
machine type model number of 7042-CR6 (with serial number 107003C), which is an HMC.
In case of a Virtual HMC, the serial number will start with "VM-".

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Exercise 11. Manage service events

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Look for your tests on your HMC. If they are not there, troubleshoot the issue that is causing the
event or events not to be logged.
» Have you waited at least one or two minutes for the event to be logged?
» Are the RMC daemons running on the partition? Remember that in Check that all of the RMC
daemons are running on the partition. This operation is related to you checked this.
» Attempt to dynamically remove a small amount of memory from the partition where the oppanel
test was performed. Did this work? If yes, then the event should be logged in SFP since both
DLPAR and the service tools use the network connection between the HMC and the partitions
and the RMC daemons for communication.
__ 12. Select a managed service event and choose View Details from the Selected dropdown
menu.
» Select a service event in the table, and choose View Details from the Selected dropdown
menu, as shown in the example below:

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Exercise 11. Manage service events

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__ 13. View the information available for the selected event. Use the scroll bar on the right of the
table to look at the detailed information. In the example below, you can see the oppanel test
run from a partition named sys8692_lpar4, and the Reporting Primary Unit Name is the
sys869 managed system.
Click Cancel to return to the Serviceable Events Overview window.

__ 14. You can identify the oppanel event you created based on the Reporting partition name
displayed in the details of the event. For the HMC and managed system test events, you will
have to use the scroll bar on the right of the table to scroll down to the Description field to
see the comment that was entered when the test event was generated, as shown in the
example below:

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Exercise 11. Manage service events

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__ 15. Identify the events you generated, then select each one and close them. To do this, select
an event and choose Close Event from the Selected menu. Enter your name and the
comment just a test. Click the Close Events button, and then click Yes.
When you are finished closing your events, click the Cancel button to exit the Serviceable
Events Overview window. Click Cancel again on the remaining Manage Serviceable Events
window.

Note

Typically, customers do not close events unless they are absolutely sure what caused the problem.
In this case, you caused the errors, therefore it is acceptable for you to close these events now.

__ 16. Let your instructor know when you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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V11.0
Exercise 12. PowerVM system maintenance

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Exercise 12.PowerVM system

maintenance
(with hints)

Estimated time
01:00

Overview
This exercise provides you with an opportunity to perform a couple of the most common PowerVM
maintenance tasks.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Update the Virtual I/O Server software to a newer fix level
• Backup the device configuration of the Virtual I/O Server using the viosbr command. (The
viosbr command includes device attributes, as well as logical and virtual device mapping
information.)
• Use cron to schedule the Virtual I/O Server backup

Introduction
The Virtual I/O Server software continues to change. Some of the updates fix problems and others
add new functionality. The latest available level of software is always considered the recommended
level. This software can be acquired by anonymous FTP, HTTP (web browser), and ISO images.
This exercise uses files which were previously downloaded using FTP.
The last part of this exercise demonstrates how cron can be used to schedule a backup of the
Virtual I/O Server.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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Exercise 12. PowerVM system maintenance

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• All procedures in this exercise depend on the availability of specific equipment in your
classroom.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Part 1: Update the Virtual I/O Server software

At the time of writing, the current fix pack was VIOS 2.2.4.21. This should be included in the VIOS
mksysb image used in your class. Your instructor might direct you to install a newer fix.
Your system has been configured with a combination of availability options including MPIO for disk
redundancy and shared Ethernet adapter failover for redundancy in bridging virtual Ethernet traffic.
You will update each Virtual I/O Server; one at a time to avoid impacting your client LPARs.

Note

You need to plan the VIO server updates as a team of two students. Refer to the table below for
your team number. In each team, the student with the odd number ID should complete part 1 of the
exercise first. The student with the even number ID should wait until the student with the odd
number ID indicates they have completed the update of their VIO server. In this way, the two AIX
client partitions will have access to the network and their VSCSI disks at all times.

Table 1. Team numbers

Team number 1 2
Student number 1 2 3 4
Virtual I/O Server name vios1 vios2 vios3 vios4
Client LPAR name lpar1 lpar2 lpar3 lpar4

__ 1. Log in to your Virtual I/O Server and perform the following steps:
__ a. Determine the name of the SEA configured in the partition using the following command:
$ lsdev -virtual | grep Shared
__ b. Determine if the SEA is currently acting as the primary SEA in a failover configuration
using the following command, replacing SEAdev with the device name obtained in the
previous step:
$ entstat -all SEAdev | grep "^ *State"

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Exercise 12. PowerVM system maintenance

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__ c. If the SEA is currently acting as the primary device, change the ha_mode attribute to
standby using the command shown below, replacing SEAdev with the device name
obtained in a previous step. If the SEA is currently acting as the backup device, then no
action is required.
$ chdev -dev SEAdev -attr ha_mode=standby
__ d. Check your current Virtual I/O Server level. The output should say 2.2.4.10.
$ ioslevel
__ e. All interim fixes currently applied must be manually removed before applying the fix
pack. Use the emgr command to list any installed interim fixes.
$ oem_setup_env
# emgr -l
__ f. If the output from the emgr command indicates there are interim fixes installed on your
system, remove each one individually using the command shown below. Do not reboot
the VIOS partition, even if the command output indicates this should be done.
# emgr -r -L <fix label name>
__ g. When all interim fixes have been removed, return to the VIO CLI environment.
# exit
__ h. All uncommitted updates must be committed prior to installing new updates. Execute the
following command:
$ updateios -commit
__ i. The fixes for Virtual I/O Server 2.2.4.21 have been downloaded and are available in the
directory /home/padmin/vios2.2.4.21.
__ j. To verify the VIOS update files before installation, follow the steps below. Your instructor
may tell you to use a different path name for the directory that contains the fixes you are
using.
$ cp vios2.2.4.21/ck_sum.bff /home/padmin
$ chmod 775 ck_sum.bff
$ ck_sum.bff vios2.2.4.21
__ k. Execute the following command to install the updated Virtual I/O Server software:
$ updateios -dev vios2.2.4.21 -install -accept
Once the command examines the software contained in the specified directory, you will
be prompted to confirm that the installation should proceed. The initial confirmation will
result in the installation of the update to the bos.rte.install fileset. When this has been
completed, the command will once again examine the contents of the directory and
prompt you to confirm that the installation should proceed. The software installation
could take 15 minutes or more to complete.

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Exercise 12. PowerVM system maintenance

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__ l. If your student ID is an odd number (1, 3, and so on), then reboot the Virtual I/O Server
to implement the changes. If your student ID is an even number (2, 4, and so on), then
do not reboot the Virtual I/O Server until your teammate has confirmed that they have
finished the update of their Virtual I/O Server. In this way, the AIX client partitions will still
have access to disk and network services. If both Virtual I/O Server partitions are
rebooted at the same time, then the AIX client partitions will experience severe issues,
since they will no longer have disk or network access.
» $ shutdown -force -restart
__ m. When the partition has rebooted, log on as padmin and run ioslevel to list the new
software level.
» Example command and output after installing VIOS 2.2.4.21 is shown below:
$ ioslevel
2.2.4.21
__ n. If you changed the ha_mode attribute of the SEA device to standby in a previous step,
then change it back to auto using the following command, replacing SEAdev with the
device name:
$ chdev -dev SEAdev -attr ha_mode=auto
__ 2. If your student ID is an odd number, inform your teammate that you have completed the
update of your VIO partition. Your teammate can now perform the update of their VIO
partition.

Part 2: Using viosbr to backup the virtual and logical configuration

This part of the exercise will use the viosbr command to backup the virtual and logical
configuration of the Virtual I/O Server. This viosbr command backs up all the relevant data to
recover a Virtual I/O Server after a new installation.
__ 3. Use the viosbr command to backup all the device attributes, as well as logical and virtual
device mappings on your Virtual I/O Server to a backup file called myvios-backup.
» Example command:
$ viosbr -backup -file myvios-backup
__ 4. Use the viosbr command to list the available backup files.
» Example command and expected output:
$ viosbr -view -list
myvios-backup.tar.gz
» Note that the backup file is compressed.
__ 5. Use the viosbr command to display the contents of the backup file.

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Exercise 12. PowerVM system maintenance

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» Example command and output:
$ viosbr -view -file myvios-backup.tar.gz
Details in: myvios-backup
===============================================================

Controllers:
============
Name Phys Loc
---- --------
iscsi0
pkcs11
fcs0 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1
fcs1 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T2
sfwcomm0 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W0-L0
sfwcomm1 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T2-W0-L0
fscsi0 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1
ent0 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C11-T1
fscsi1 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T2
ent1 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C11-T2
ent2 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C2-T1
sfw0
fcnet0 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1
fcnet1 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T2

Physical Volumes:
=================
Name Phys Loc
---- --------
hdisk0 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W500507680130B855-L0
hdisk1 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W500507680130B855-L1000000000000
hdisk2 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W500507680130B855-L2000000000000
hdisk3 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W500507680130B855-L3000000000000
hdisk4 U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W500507680130B855-L4000000000000

Optical Devices:
================
Tape Devices:
=============
Ethernet Interfaces:
====================
Name
----
en0
en1
en2
en3
IP Address Hostname Auto
---------- -------- ----
6.109.201 sys8981_vios1 -

Storage Pools:
==============
SP Name PV Name
------- -------
rootvg hdisk0

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V11.0
Exercise 12. PowerVM system maintenance

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File Backed Storage Pools:
==========================
Optical Repository:
===================
Ether Channel Adapters:
=======================
Shared Ethernet Adapters:
=========================
Name Physical Adapter Default Adapter Virtual Adapters
---- ---------------- --------------- ----------------
ent3 ent0 ent2 ent2

Virtual Server Adapters:

========================
SVSA Phys Loc VTD
---- -------- ---
vhost1 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C3 lpar1_MPIO

vhost2 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C4 lpar2_MPIO

Virtual Suspended Adapters:

===========================
Virtual Suspended Devices:
========================
Suspend Device Phys Loc
-------------- --------
suspended0

LPM Adapters:
=============
LPM Adapter Phys Loc
----------- --------
vioslpm0

USB Mass Storage Devices:

=========================
SVFC Adapters:
==============
Name FC Adapter Phys Loc
---- ---------- --------
vfchost0 fcs0 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C21

VBSD Pools:
===========
VRM(AMS) Pages:
===============
RSCT:
=====
ct_node_id
-----------
2700171055b643f4

Cluster:
========

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V11.0
Exercise 12. PowerVM system maintenance

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Cluster State
------- -----

Virtual Log Repositories:

=========================
Virtual Log Repository State
---------------------- -----
vlogrepo0 AVAILABLE

Part 3: Using cron to schedule tasks

In this part of the exercise you will use cron to schedule tasks. In the following steps, you use cron
to schedule a backup of the Virtual I/O Server.
__ 6. Use the crontab command to schedule the creation of a mksysb backup of your Virtual I/O
Server into a file called vios_backup located in the /home/padmin directory at 11am.
» Use the crontab -e command to edit the crontab file for the padmin user. Add the following on
one line to the file, and then save the file and quit the editor:
0 11 * * * /usr/ios/cli/ioscli backupios -file ~/vios_backup -mksysb
__ 7. Use the crontab command to view the crontab file of the padmin user.
» Use the crontab -l command to view the crontab file for the padmin user. The output should
reflect the entry you created in the previous step.
__ 8. Let your instructor know when you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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V11.0
Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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Exercise 13.File-backed virtual SCSI

devices (optional)
(with hints)

Estimated time
01:00

Overview
This exercise covers the configuration of file-backed VSCSI devices.

Objectives
At the end of this exercise, you should be able to:
• Configure a partition to use a file-backed VSCSI disk hosted by a
Virtual I/O Server
• Configure a partition to use a virtual optical media drive hosted by a Virtual I/O Server
• Backup and restore a client partition using the virtual optical media drive

Introduction
In this exercise, you will configure the Virtual I/O Server to host VSCSI devices for AIX partitions.
This includes configuring storage resources and virtual target devices to provide clients with access
to file-backed disks and file-backed optical devices.

Requirements
• This workbook.
• A student workstation equipped with a web browser and a utility for running SSH.
• Access to a POWER8 processor-based managed system and a Hardware Management
Console running HMC V8 configured for this course.

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V11.0
Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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Exercise instructions with hints

Preface
• This exercise depends on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will
need:
▪ A managed system configured with one VIO server and one AIX client LPAR per student.
▪ A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (by way of SSH): All lab
systems need to be accessible to each other on a network.
▪ One available 8 GB disk attached to the VIO server for creating a storage pool.
• All hints are marked by a » sign.

Introduction
The goals of this exercise are to create a VSCSI disk backed by a file, create a virtual media
repository, and back up your client LPAR operating system to a blank virtual DVD-RAM. At the end
of the exercise, you will restore your client LPAR backup from the virtual DVD-RAM.
This exercise is presented in three parts:
• Part 1: Create a file-backed virtual disk.
• Part 2: Create a virtual media repository and a blank virtual DVD-RAM.
• Part 3: Backup your client LPAR OS to the virtual optical media device, and then restore the
backup image.

Part 1: Create a file-backed virtual disk

__ 1. Open a virtual terminal or a Telnet session to your assigned VIO server.
__ 2. For performing this exercise, you must use a non-shared hdisk device of 8 GB in size that is
not currently allocated to any partitions. In the configuration for this course, each VIO server
should have two non-shared LUNs that are 8 GB in size. You can determine which disks are
8 GB in size and are not currently being used by issuing the following command:
$ lspv -free
If you are running this part of the exercise immediately after completing exercise 5, the
output should show there is one disk with a size of 8192 that is available for use.
If you running this part of the exercise at some point after completing exercise 7, the output
should show there are two disks with a size of 8192 that are available for use.
Choose an available 8 GB disk and note the device name here:______________________

Note

For the rest of the exercise, we will assume that hdisk2 is the selected 8 GB hdisk.

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Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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__ 3. Use the mksp command to create a new logical volume storage pool using the 8 GB disk
you selected in the previous step. Call the storage pool datasp.
» Example command to create a new logical volume storage pool:
$ mksp -f datasp hdisk2
__ 4. View the output of lspv to verify that the selected disk is in the datasp volume group
(storage pool). Also, run the lssp command to verify the datasp storage pool (LVPOOL).
» Example commands and their outputs:
$ lspv
NAME PVID VG STATUS
hdisk0 00f948341c02b084 rootvg active
hdisk1 00f948342fcef94f None
hdisk2 00f94834341d6932 datasp active
hdisk3 none None
hdisk4 00f948343341e318 None
$ lssp
Pool Size(mb) Free(mb) Alloc Size(mb) BDs Type
rootvg 30464 4096 256 0 LVPOOL
datasp 8120 8120 8 0 LVPOOL
__ 5. Create the file-backed disk storage pool inside the datasp storage pool. Name it fbpool and
make it 1 GB in size.
» Example command and its output:
$ mksp -fb fbpool -sp datasp -size 1G
fbpool
File system created successfully.
1040148 kilobytes total disk space.
New File System size is 2097152
__ 6. Determine the virtual SCSI server adapter that is mapped to your assigned AIX client
partition. Run the lsmap -all command, and look for the vhost adapter that is mapping a
target device that contains the name of your partition.
If you are running this part of the exercise immediately after completing exercise 5, the
server adapter should be vhost0 and it will have a target device called lparX_vtd, where X is
your student ID.
If you running this part of the exercise at some point after completing exercise 7, the server
adapter should be vhost1 and it will have a target device called lparX_MPIO, where X is
your student ID.
__ 7. Now create a file-backed virtual disk device called fb_disk1 in the fbpool storage pool. Make
the disk 500 MB in size and associate it with the VSCSI server adapter defined on your VIO
server that is mapped to your assigned AIX partition.
Virtual target device name for the file-backed disk device is: ___________________

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Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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» An example command and its output is shown below. In the example below, the new VTD name
is vtscsi0.
$ mkbdsp -sp fbpool 500m -bd fb_disk1 -vadapter vhost0
Creating file "fb_disk1" in storage pool "fbpool".
Assigning file "fb_disk1" as a backing device.
vtscsi0 Available
fb_disk1
» The new VTD name should be vtscsi0.
__ 8. View the lsmap output for your vhost0 adapter to verify the configuration. You should notice
the new virtual target device and its associated backing device.
» Here is an example command and its output:
$ lsmap -vadapter vhost0
SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID
---------- -------------------------------------------- ------------------
vhost0 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C12 0x0000000b

VTD lpar1_vtd
Status Available
LUN 0x8100000000000000
Backing device hdisk3
Physloc U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W500507680130B855-L3000000000000
Mirrored false

VTD vtscsi0
Status Available
LUN 0x8200000000000000
Backing device /var/vio/storagepools/fbpool/fb_disk1
Physloc
Mirrored N/A
__ 9. View the lsdev -virtual output and examine the description for the your new virtual target
device.
» Here is an example command and its output. Note the description for the new vtscsi device.
$ lsdev -virtual | grep vtscsi0
vtscsi0 Available Virtual Target Device - File-backed Disk
__ 10. Log in to your client LPAR and run the lsdev -c disk -S a command; then run cfgmgr,
and then run lsdev -c disk -S a again. You should see the new disk device.
» Example commands and their outputs:
# lsdev -c disk -S a
hdisk0 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive
# cfgmgr
# lsdev -c disk -S a
hdisk0 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive
hdisk1 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive

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V11.0
Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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» The new disk name will either be hdisk1 or hdisk2, depending on which exercises you have
completed before running this optional exercise.
It is not possible to use file-backed virtual disks in a MPIO configuration, since the backing
storage can only be accessed from one VIOS partition. You will now remove the file-backed
disk to prevent problems occurring when you reconfigure your client partition for MPIO.
__ 11. In your client partition, remove the new virtual SCSI disk that was discovered in the previous
step.
» Example command:
# rmdev -l hdisk1 -d
__ 12. In your Virtual I/O Server CLI, remove the fb_disk1 backing storage device and its
associated virtual target device.
» Example command:
$ rmbdsp -sp fbpool -bd fb_disk1
vtscsi0 deleted
File "fb_disk1" is removed
__ 13. In your Virtual I/O Server CLI, remove the fbpool storage pool.
» Example command:
$ rmsp fbpool
rmlv: Logical volume fbpool is removed.

Part 2: Create a virtual media repository and a blank virtual DVD-RAM

In this part of the exercise, you will create a virtual media repository in your datasp storage pool
(volume group) that you created in part one of this exercise.
__ 14. At your VIOS partition's CLI, use the lssp command to view all of your storage pools. You
should currently have two logical volume pools named rootvg and datasp.
» Example command and its output:
$ lssp
Pool Size(mb) Free(mb) Alloc Size(mb) BDs Type
rootvg 30464 4096 256 0 LVPOOL
datasp 8120 8120 8 0 LVPOOL
__ 15. Create a 6 GB virtual media repository with the mkrep command. Create it in the datasp
logical volume storage pool that you created previously in this exercise.
» Example command and its output:
$ mkrep -sp datasp -size 6G
Virtual Media Repository Created
Repository created within "VMLibrary" logical volume
__ 16. List the details of the media repository, and check its size.

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Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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» Example command and its output:
$ lsrep
Size(mb) Free(mb) Parent Pool Parent Size Parent Free
6118 6118 datasp 8120 952
__ 17. Create a 5 GB blank virtual optical media disk in the repository. Create it with the name
aixopt1. It will be read-write by default (this command takes about one minute to complete).
» Example mkvopt command to create the 5 GB size virtual optical media disk.
$ mkvopt -name aixopt1 -size 5G
__ 18. View the repository again, and verify that the virtual optical media disk was created.
» Example command and its output:
$ lsrep
Size(mb) Free(mb) Parent Pool Parent Size Parent Free
6118 998 datasp 8120 952

Name File Size Optical Access

aixopt1 5120 None rw
__ 19. Now the VIOS partition has a virtual media repository and one virtual blank DVD-RAM. The
next few steps will have you make the virtual optical device available to a partition.
__ a. The first step is to determine the name of the vhost device that is mapped to your client
partition. The server adapter mapped to your client partition should have a device name
of vhost1 or vhost2, and it will be mapping a target device called lparX_MPIO, where X
is your student ID. Use the lsmap -all command to determine the name of the adapter.

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Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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» The example output shown below is from vios1. The adapter that is mapping the lpar1_MPIO
target device is vhost1.
$ lsmap -all
SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID
--------- -------------------------------------------- ------------------
vhost1 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C3 0x0000000b

VTD lpar1_MPIO
Status Available
LUN 0x8100000000000000
Backing device hdisk3
Physloc U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W500507680130B855-L3000000000000
Mirrored false

SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID

--------- -------------------------------------------- ------------------
vhost2 U8284.22A.214834V-V1-C4 0x0000000c

VTD lpar2_MPIO
Status Available
LUN 0x8100000000000000
Backing device hdisk4
Physloc U78CB.001.WZS01VH-P1-C6-T1-W500507680130B855-L4000000000000
Mirrored false
__ b. Create a file-backed virtual optical device, and associate it with the vhost adapter
already serving the backing device to your assigned client LPAR.
» Example command and its output:
$ mkvdev -fbo -vadapter vhost1
vtopt0 Available
__ 20. Load your aixopt1 media disk in the new virtual optical device.
» Example command:
$ loadopt -vtd vtopt0 -disk aixopt1
__ 21. Now view the repository, and see what is different in the output from the last lsrep
command that you ran in View the repository again, and verify that the virtual optical media
disk was created.
» Here is an example command and its output. Notice that the Optical column now lists the
virtual target device name of the virtual optical device.
$ lsrep
Size(mb) Free(mb) Parent Pool Parent Size Parent Free
6118 998 datasp 8120 952

Name File Size Optical Access

aixopt1 5120 vtopt0 rw

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__ 22. Log in to your client LPAR and run the lsdev -Cs vscsi command; then run cfgmgr, and
then run lsdev -Cs vscsi again. You should see the new VSCSI optical device served by
the VIO server.
» Example commands and their outputs:
# lsdev -Cs vscsi
hdisk1 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive
# cfgmgr
# lsdev -Cs vscsi
cd0 Available Virtual SCSI Optical Served by VIO Server
hdisk1 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive

Part 3: Backup and restore the client LPAR OS using the virtual optical
device
Now you have a virtual optical media drive loaded with a blank virtual DVD-RAM and ready to be
used by your client LPAR. You will back up your client LPAR operating system onto this blank
DVD-RAM.
__ 23. On your client LPAR, edit the file /bosinst.data, and make sure that the entry for
RECOVER_DEVICES has a value of Default. If this field has a value of no, then when you
restore the backup image, the client will not retain the existing device numbering, and the
TCP/IP configuration will be lost.
» The entry for RECOVER_DEVICES should read as follows:
RECOVER_DEVICES = Default
__ 24. Run the smitty sysbackup command to create a system backup image (mksysb) in UDF
format to your virtual DVD-RAM from the system rootvg.
» From the smitty sysbackup fast path, select Backup up this system to DVD.
» Select 2 no to the question Use an existing mksysb image?
» Select 2 UDF (Universal Disk Format) to the question DVD backup media format?

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Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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» In the SMIT panel that is displayed (example shown below) enter /dev/cd0 in the DVD-RAM
Device field, then press Enter to execute the operation.
Back Up This System to UDF DVD

Type or select values in entry fields.

Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.

[Entry Fields]
DVD-RAM Device [/dev/cd0] +

mksysb creation options:

Create map files? no +
Create backup using snapshots? no +
Exclude files? no +
Exclude WPAR file systems? no +
Location of File System Exclusion List [] /
Disable software packing of backup? no +
Backup extended attributes? yes +

File system to store mksysb image [] /

(If blank, the file system
will be created for you.)

If file system is being created:

Volume Group for created file system [rootvg] +

Advanced Customization Options:

Do you want the DVD to be bootable? yes +
Install bundle file [] /
File with list of packages to copy to DVD [] /
Location of packages to copy to DVD [] +/
Customization script [] /
User supplied bosinst.data file [] /
Debug output? no +
User supplied image.data file [] /
Backup encrypted files? yes +
Back up DMAPI filesystem files? yes +

» When you create a system backup using the smitty sysbackup menu, the mkcd command is
invoked and creates a temporary file system to store the mksysb file before copying it to the
DVD. If you get an error message stating that there are not enough free partitions to satisfy the
allocation request, you need to free some disk space in the rootvg volume group and restart the
backup.

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V11.0
Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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» Example output from a successful backup is shown below:
Initializing mkcd log: /var/adm/ras/mkcd.log...
Verifying command parameters...
Creating image.data file...
Creating temporary file system: /mkcd/mksysb_image...
Creating mksysb image...

Creating list of files to back up

Backing up 31414 files...

31414 of 31414 files backed up (100%)

0512-038 mksysb: Backup Completed Successfully.
Populating the CD or DVD file system...
Copying backup to the CD or DVD file system...
..
Building chrp boot image...

Removing temporary file system: /mkcd/mksysb_image...

__ 25. You now have a virtual DVD-RAM media that contains a bootable mksysb. This virtual
DVD-RAM can be used to restore the client LPAR in case of recovery. The next step is to
restore this bootable media image to your client LPAR.
__ a. Shut down your assigned client LPAR.
» Issue a shutdown command:
# shutdown -F
__ b. Wait until the partition has a state of Not Activated, then activate your partition selecting
the SMS boot mode. Open the virtual console terminal window and interact with the
menu.
__ c. In the main menu, select the option 5 Select Boot Options, and then option 1 Select
Install/Boot Device. Select option 2 CD/DVD Device Type and then option 1 SCSI for
the Media Type. You will then be presented with a choice of media adapters, similar to
the following:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Select Media Adapter
1. U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C2-T1 /vdevice/v-scsi@30000002
2. U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C3-T1 /vdevice/v-scsi@30000003
3. List all devices
For odd numbered partitions (lpar1 and lpar3), select the media adapter in virtual slot 2
(indicated by the “C2” in the location code). For even numbered partitions (lpar2 and
lpar4), select the media adapter in virtual slot 3 (indicated by the “C3” in the location
code).

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Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.
V11.0
Exercise 13. File-backed virtual SCSI devices (optional)

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__ d. After selecting the media adapter, the firmware will scan the virtual SCSI bus looking for
CD/DVD devices. You should then be presented with a list of the discovered devices,
similar to the following:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Select Device
Device Current Device
Number Position Name
1. - SCSI CD-ROM
( loc=U8284.22A.214834V-V11-C2-T1-L8200000000000000 )
Select device 1 SCSI CD-ROM, and select task 2 Normal Mode Boot. Select 1 Yes to
confirm that you want to exit System Management Services and start the boot
sequence.
__ e. Type 1 and press Enter to select the system console if prompted.
__ f. Type 1 and press Enter to select the language.
__ g. Your terminal screen should now display the Installation and Maintenance menu. Type
2 and press Enter to select Change/Show Installation Settings and Install.
__ h. Make sure that the value for the Recover Devices setting is Yes. If it is set to No, then
type 4 to set it to Yes.
__ i. Press 1 and select hdisk0 as the disk where you want to install. The hdisk0 device
should be 10 GB in size. Accept by pressing 0 to continue with choices indicated above.
Note that the rootvg volume group of your client partition was located on a 10 GB device
named hdisk1. The device name will be configured correctly when the mksysb restore is
completed. The install menus displayed the 10 GB disk with a device name of hdisk0
because virtual SCSI disks are normally discovered (and named) before virtual Fibre
Channel disks.
__ j. Start the installation by selecting 0 to continue with the choices. Depending on your
mksysb size, the install might take as little as five minutes.
__ k. When the client partition reboots and displays the log in prompt, log in as the root user
and run the lspv command to check that rootvg is located on hdisk1.
» Example command and output:
# lspv
hdisk0 none None
hdisk1 00f9483433409eed rootvg
active
__ 26. Notify your instructor that you have finished the exercise.

End of exercise

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V11.0

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