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Herons Formula Class 9

The document discusses Heron's formula for calculating the area of a triangle. It can be used when the lengths of all three sides are known. The formula is also extended to find the area of polygons by dividing them into triangles. Examples are provided for calculating the area of equilateral, isosceles, and general triangles as well as a quadrilateral using Heron's formula.

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Mohammed Shariq
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200 views

Herons Formula Class 9

The document discusses Heron's formula for calculating the area of a triangle. It can be used when the lengths of all three sides are known. The formula is also extended to find the area of polygons by dividing them into triangles. Examples are provided for calculating the area of equilateral, isosceles, and general triangles as well as a quadrilateral using Heron's formula.

Uploaded by

Mohammed Shariq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Heron’s Formula

Area of a Triangle
Triangle

The plane closed figure, with three sides and three angles is called as a triangle. 

Types of triangles:
Based  on sides -  a) Equilateral b) Isosceles c) Scalene
Based  on angles - a) Acute angled triangle b) Right- angled triangle c) Obtuse angled
triangle

Area of a triangle

1
Area = × base × height
2

In case of equilateral and isosceles triangles, if the length of the sides of triangles are given
then,
we use Pythagoras theorem in order to find the height of a triangle.

Area of an equilateral triangle

Consider an equilateral ΔABC , with each side as a units. Let AO be perpendicular bisector
of BC. In order to derive the formula for the area of equilateral triangle, we need to find
height AO.

Equilateral triangle ABC

Using Pythagoras theorem, 


2 2 2
AC = OA + OC

2 2 2
OA = AC − OC

Substitute AC = a, OC =
a

2
to find OA
2
a
2 2
OA = a −
4

√3a
OA =
2

We know the area of triangle is


× base × height,
1
A =
2

1 √3a
A = × a ×
2 2

2
√3a
∴ Area of  Equilateral triangle =
4

Area of an isosceles triangle

Consider an isosceles ΔABC with equal sides as a units and base as b unit.

Isosceles triangle ABC

The height of the triangle can be found by Pythagoras’ Theorem :


CD = AC − AD  
2 2 2

2 2 2
b 4a −b
2
⇒ h = a − =
4 4

1
2 2
⇒ h = √4a − b
2

Area of triangle is A = 1

2
bh

1 1
∴ A = × b × √4a2 − b2
2 2

1
∴ A = × b × √4a2 − b2
4

Area of a triangle - By Heron's formula

 Area of a ΔABC , given sides a, b, c  by Heron’s formula (Also known as Hero’s Formula) : 
Triangle ABC

Find semi perimeter (s ) =


a+b+c

Area = √s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)

This formula is helpful to find area of a scalene triangle, given the lengths of all its sides.

Area of any polygon - By Heron's formula

Area of a quadrilateral whose sides and one diagonal are given, can be calculated by dividing
the quadrilateral into two triangles and using the Heron’s formula.

Example :A park, in the shape of a quadrilateral ABCD, has ∠C ∘


= 90 , AB = 9 m, BC = 12 m,
CD = 5 m and AD = 8 m. How much area does it occupy?

⇒ We draw the figure according to the information given.

Quadrilateral ABCD

The figure can be split into 2 triangles ΔBCD and ΔABD


From ΔBCD, we can find BD (Using Pythagoras’ Theorem)
2 2 2
BD = 12 + 5 = 169

BD = 13cm

Semi-perimeter for ΔBCD S


12+5+13

1
= = 15
2

Semi-perimeter ΔABD S
9+8+13
2 = = 15
2

Using Heron's formula we find A 1


 and A2  
A1 = √15(15 − 12)(15 − 5)(15 − 13) = √15 × 3 × 10 × 2
 A1 = √900 = 30cm
2

Similarly we find A to be 35.49cm . 


2
2

The area of the quadrilateral ABCD = A1 + A2 = 65.49 cm


2

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