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Expt 06 - PID Tunning Using Software and Modeling and Analysis of Mechanical System and Its Verification Using Suitable Simulation Software

The document describes tuning a PID controller using MATLAB simulation software. It discusses various tuning methods like manual tuning, Ziegler-Nichols, and Cohen-Coon. It recommends using software tools for consistent tuning and mentions MATLAB's PID Tuning Toolbox allows automatically tuning PID gains. Two examples are given, one showing tuning a plant model and another modeling a mechanical system and analyzing it in Simulink.

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aditya patel
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117 views

Expt 06 - PID Tunning Using Software and Modeling and Analysis of Mechanical System and Its Verification Using Suitable Simulation Software

The document describes tuning a PID controller using MATLAB simulation software. It discusses various tuning methods like manual tuning, Ziegler-Nichols, and Cohen-Coon. It recommends using software tools for consistent tuning and mentions MATLAB's PID Tuning Toolbox allows automatically tuning PID gains. Two examples are given, one showing tuning a plant model and another modeling a mechanical system and analyzing it in Simulink.

Uploaded by

aditya patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No 06

AIM

PID Tuning Using software AND Modeling and analysis of mechanical


system and its verification using suitable simulation software

Problem Definition and Aim of Experiment: To study PID control design, tuning
using suitable simulation software.

Objective of Experiment

1. Study PID control Design


2. Tuning of PID controller using suitable Simulation Software.
3. Modeling and analysis of mechanical system

THEORY

Tuning of PID Using Matlab Simulink Tool

Overview of Methods

There are several methods for tuning a PID loop. The most effective methods
generally involve the development of some form of process model, then
choosing P, I, and D based on the dynamic model parameters. Manual
tuning methods can be relatively inefficient, particularly if the loops have
response times on the order of minutes or longer.
The choice of method will depend largely on whether or not the loop can be
taken "offline" for tuning, and on the response time of the system. If the system
can be taken offline, the best tuning method often involves subjecting the
system to a step change in input, measuring the output as a function of time,
and using this response to determine the control parameters.

Table 1: Choosing a Tuning Method

Method Advantages Disadvantages


Manual Tuning No math required , Online Requires experienced personnel
Ziegler-Nichols Proven Method, Online Process upset, some trial-and-
error, very aggressive tuning
Cohen-Coon Good process models Some math; offline; only good for
first-order processes
Software Tools Consistent tuning; online Some cost or training involved
or offline - can employ
computer-automated
control system design
(CAutoD) techniques;

Software Method (PID Tuning Toolbox In MATLAB)

Automatically Tune PID Controller Gains

PID tuning is the process of finding the values of proportional, integral, and
derivative gains of a PID controller to achieve desired performance and
meet design requirements.
PID controller tuning appears easy, but finding the set of gains that ensures
the best performance of your control system is a complex task. Traditionally,
PID controllers are tuned either manually or using rule-based methods.
Manual tuning methods are iterative and time-consuming, and if used on
hardware, they can cause damage. Rule-based methods also have serious
limitations: they do not support certain types of plant models, such as
unstable plants, high-order plants, or plants with little or no time delay.
You can automatically tune PID controllers to achieve the optimal system
design and to meet design requirements, even for plant models that
traditional rule-based methods cannot handle well.
An automated PID tuning workflow involves:
o Identifying plant model from input-output test data
o Modeling PID controllers in MATLAB using PID objects or in Simulink using
PID Controller blocks
o Automatically tuning PID controller gains and fine-tune your design
interactively
o Tuning multiple controllers in batch mode
o Tuning single-input single-output PID controllers as well as multiloop PID
controller architectures

PID Tuning Toolbox

Can be use the PID tuning toolbox to determine the parameter of controller
depend on the system form MATLAB or SIMULINK as following step:

SIMULINK

Select the PID controller block form Simulink Library


Drag the PID controller and place in the Simulink model , and double click on
block.
Example 1:
This example shows how to use the PID tuner to design a controller for the
plant ( )=1/( +1)3

1. Create the plant model and open the PID Tuner to design a PI controller for
a first pass design.

2.

4. The PIDTuner toolbox

5. Slide the Response time slider to the right to try to improve the loop
performance. The response plot automatically updates with the new design
Moving the Response time slider far enough to meet the rise time requirement
of less than 1.5 s results in more oscillation. Additionally, the parameters
display shows that the new response has an unacceptably long settling time.

To achieve the faster response speed, the algorithm must sacrifice stability.
Example 2: Modeling and analysis of mechanical system
Ref: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zh-FjMZ1Ol0

REFERENCE

1, 3, 4, 5, 7

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