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Lab Assignment 5 Poc

This document is a lab assignment on amplitude modulation from COMSATS University Islamabad's Electrical Engineering department. It includes the names of four students assigned to the lab, along with the course details. It describes the background and procedure for generating an AM wave at different modulation indices to determine if the index depends on bandwidth or power. The students are asked questions about how the power of sidebands and bandwidth of the AM wave are affected by increasing the modulation index. The conclusion is that modulation index must be less than 1 to avoid distortion and preserve bandwidth.

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Zabeehullahmiakhail
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50 views

Lab Assignment 5 Poc

This document is a lab assignment on amplitude modulation from COMSATS University Islamabad's Electrical Engineering department. It includes the names of four students assigned to the lab, along with the course details. It describes the background and procedure for generating an AM wave at different modulation indices to determine if the index depends on bandwidth or power. The students are asked questions about how the power of sidebands and bandwidth of the AM wave are affected by increasing the modulation index. The conclusion is that modulation index must be less than 1 to avoid distortion and preserve bandwidth.

Uploaded by

Zabeehullahmiakhail
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMSATS University Islamabad

Abbottabad Campus
Department of Electrical (Power) Engineering
Lab Assignment: 5
Name/Registration No.:
 Hazrat Bilal/FA19-EPE-082
 Zabeeh Ullah/FA19-EPE-028
 Esmat Ullah/FA19-EPE-102
 Taha/FA19-EPE-115
Semester: 5th Semester
Class/Section: EPE-5C
Course: Principle of Communication System
Course Teacher: Dr. Alam Zaib
Lab Engineer: Ma’am Aniqa Zaman
Submission Date: Tuesday, December 7th, 2021
Lab: 5
AM Modulation
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Generate AM wave at different modulation index. Verify whether the modulation
index depends on the band width of AM modulated wave or power?

LITERATURE BACKGROUND
Amplitude modulation (AM) is a technique used in electronic communication,
most commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave. AM works
by varying the strength of the transmitted signal in relation to the information
being sent. For example, changes in the signal strength can be used to reflect the
sounds to be reproduced by a speaker, or to specify the light intensity of
television pixel.

Procedure:
Coding:
clc
clear all
close all
t=0:1:200;
fm=500;
fc=20*fm;
Vc=10;
MA=1;
Vm=MA*Vc;
phase =0;
fs=10*fc;
ts=t/fs;
Xm=Vm*cos(2*pi*fm*ts+phase);
plot(ts*1000,Xm)
title('baseband signal')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('Vm')
grid on;
figure
Xc=Vc*cos(2*pi*fc*ts+phase);
plot(ts*1000,Xc)
title('carrier signal')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('Vc')
grid on;
figure
Y=Xc+Xm.*cos(2*pi*fc*ts+phase);
plot(ts*1000,Y)
title('Amplitude Modulated wave')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('Vc+Vm')
grid on;
figure
z=fft(Y);
z=abs(z(1:length(z)/2+1))
frq=(0:length(z)-1)*fs/length(z)/2;
plot(frq/1000,z);
title('FFT of Modulated Wave')
xlabel('F in kHz')
ylabel('Amplitude')
grid on
Output:
Questions:
1. What will happen to the power of side bands (increasing or decreasing)
with the increase of modulation index? Give mathematical reasoning.

Answer:

The term, Modulation Index, is used for a number of forms of modulation,


including AM, and obviously for the different types of modulation, there are
different methods of obtaining the index. Now by increasing modulation index the
power of side band remains constant that is from (0 to 1) but when it exceeds the
limit of modulation index the power of side band start increasing as practically
shown in above tables.

2. What will happen to the bandwidth of AM wave (increasing or


decreasing) with the increase of modulation index? Give mathematical
reasoning.

Answer:

With the increase of modulation index the band width of AM wave increases.

MATHMATICALLY:

Modulation index m, m= M/A

Where;

A= carrier amplitude

COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD, ABBOTTABAD CAMPUS

M=modulation amplitude

3. Why the modulation index in AM should not be greater than 1?

Answer:

The modulation index in AM is not greater than 1 because when the value of the
modulation index goes more than one then it causes over modulation which leads
to distortion and causes the bandwidth to not be preserved.

Conclusion
From this lab we have learn about AM modulation. The modulation index in AM
modulation is always less than one because of over modulation and by changing
values of Vm and Vc we obtain that power is changing but fm remains same for all
values and for all values of modulation index the band width will remain same

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