ANIMAL SCIENCE

1. Sexual receptivity which coincides with estrus in animals that exhibit estrous cycle is due to large
amounts of
a. Testosterone
b. Progesterone
c. Estrogen
d. Relaxin
2. _______________ is the hormone responsible for milk injection in a lactating mammary gland
a. Prolactin
b. Calcitonin
c. Oxytocin
d. Epinephrine
3. _______________ is the primary sex organ of the female animals. It is responsible for the production
of the ovum and the female gonadal hormones
a. Ovary
b. Vagina
c. Cervix
d. Uterus
4. _______________ is the site of implantation of the fertilized ovum in livestock
a. Oviduct
b. Horns of Uterus
c. Cervix
d. Vagina
5. An animal whose testes remained inside the body cavity and failed to descend to the scrotum is called
a. Capon
b. Castrate
c. Cryptorchid
d. Eunuch
6. These are the cells in the testis which are responsible for the production of the hormone testosterone
a. Epithelial cells b. leydig cells c. sertoli cells d. none of the above
7. ___________ is the hormone that stimulates ovulation of mature ovarian follicles
a. Luteinizing hormone b. follicle stimulating hormone c. progesterone d. testosterone
8. A phase within the estrous cycle which is characterized by sexual receptivity of the female
a. Proestrus b. estrus c. metestrus d. diestrus
9. This transient tissue result from the fusion of the fetal membranes to the endometrium of the uterus
to permit physiologic exchange between fetus and the mother during pregnancy
a. Placenta b. cyst c. conceptus d. womb
10. Specific part of the test is where formation of spermatozoa takes place
a. Leydig cell b. sertoli cell c. semeniferous tubule d. reti testis
11. ___________ refers to the union of the sperm cell and the ovum
a. Fertilization b. syngamy c. sperm migration d. conjugation
12. The average gestation period (days) in swine is
 a. 144 b. 283 c. 340 d. 150
13. Implantation and placentation characterized by the formation of endometrial cups s specific for this
species
a. Mare b. cow c. caracow d. sow
14. Farrowing is specific term for the act of parturition, or the act of giving birth
a. Cattle b. horse c. pig d. goat
15. Polyestrus animals are those that come in heat all throughout the year. Among the following which is
not a polyestrus
a. Cow b. caracow c. pig d. bitch
16. Induced ovulator is an animal that does not ovulate unless there is copulation. Which among the
following is and induced ovulator
a. Rabbit b. pig c. sheep d. cattle
17. The best sign of estrus in a normal cycling animal is
a. Swelling of vulva
b. Standing still when mounted
c. Mucus discharge from vulva
d. Restlessness
18. The best time to breed or inseminate is the
a. Start of estrus
b. Towards the end of estrus
c. Mid-estrus
d. Before the start of estrus
19. The lifespan of ejaculated mammalian spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract is about
a. 24 hours b. 5 days c. 1 week d. 2 weeks
20. The hormone produced by the Sertoli cells in the semeniferous tubules which has a negative feedback
effect on FSH secretion is called
a. Inhibin b. oxytocin c. calcitonin d. prolactin
21. Any feed constituent or group of feed constituents that aids in the support of life us nutrient. It may
include
a. Synthetically produced vitamins such as A, D and E
b. Chemically produced inorganic salts such as ZnO, MnSO4, and FeSO4
c. Biogenically synthesized di-methionine and L-lysine
d. Naturally occurring sugar, starch, cellulose and gums
e. All of the above
22. Digestion is the breaking down of feed particles into suitable products for absorption
a. May include mechanical forces such as mastication and muscular contraction of the gastro-
intestinal tract
b. May include chemical processes such as action of HCI produced in the G.I tract
c. May include enzymatic action of proteases produced in the GI tract
d. May include enzymatic actions produced by bacteria located in the cecum
e. All of the above
23. Breakdown of feed nutrients to their basic units
 a. Absorption
b. Metabolism
c. Digestion
d. Prehension
e. None of the above
24. Absorption is the transfer of substance from gastro-intestinal tract to the circulatory system
a. Occurs primarily in the small and large intestine
b. Villi increase surface are for absorption
c. Occurs primarily in the stomach and intestines
d. All of the above
25. Absorption involves the movement of the basic units from areas of high concentration to are of low
concentration
a. Absorption of glucose and proteins occurs primarily in the small intestines
b. Absorption of vitamins and minerals occurs in the large intestine
c. Water is absorbed in the large intestine
d. All of the above
26. Metabolism is the combination of anabolic and catabolic reactions occurring in the body with the
liberation of energy
a. It occurs after glucose, amino acids, vitamins and minerals have been absorbed in the blood
b. It occurs after carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals have been absorbed in the blood
c. It occurs after starch, peptides, vitamins and minerals have been absorbed into the blood
d. It involves the Embden-Myeroff pathway and Krebs cycle
e. All of the above
27. Predominant nutrient in the body of animals
a. Fats b. carbohydrates c. proteins d. water e. none of the above
28. Water is the cheapest and most abundant nutrient
a. Makes up to 65-85% of animal body weight at birth and decreases with maturity
b. Makes up to 40-50% of animal body weight at birth and increases with maturity
c. Has direct relationship with body fat
d. All of the above
29. Water account for 90-95% blood and many tissues contain 70-90% water, which of the following is not
true?
a. Found in the animal muscles and skin as intracellular water
b. Found in the blood plasma, lymph and cerebrospinal as extra cellular fluids
c. Present in urinary tract and GI tract
d. Present in the feed as metabolic water
e. All of the above
30. Carbohydrates make up approximately ¾ of plant dry weight and make up the largest part of animals
food supply
a. Made up of C (40%), H (7%), and O (53%) by molecular weight
b. Made up of C (53%), H (7%), O (23%), N (16%) and P (1%) by molecular weight
c. Made up of C (40%), H (7%), O (53%), P (1%) and S (1%) by molecular weight
 d. Made up of C (53%), H (7%), O (23%), N (16%), and P (1%) and S (1%) by molecular weight
e. None of the above
31. Main carbohydrate source of ruminants
a. Lignin b. hemicelluloses c. starch d. none of the above
32. Storage form of carbohydrate in the body
a. Starch b. glycogen c. glycolipid d. cellobiose e. none of the above
33. Main energy source of non-ruminants
a. Starch b. glycogen c. hemicelluloses d. cellulose e. none of the above
34. Fats are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Yield more energy than carbohydrates or
proteins
a. 1.25 times
b. 2.25 times
c. 3.25 times
d. 4.25 times
e. None of the above
35. Fats are classified as simple, compound or derived lipids. When hydrolyzed will yield
a. Glycolipids and fatty acids
b. Glycerol and fatty acids
c. Phospholipids and glycerol
d. Phospholipids and fatty acids
e. None of the above
36. Main basic unit of fats and oils
a. Fatty acids
b. Amino acids
c. Sulfuric acids
d. Hydrochloric acid
e. None of the above
37. Fats function as source of essential fatty acids, such as
a. Oleic and linoliec acid
b. Linoleic and linoleic acid
c. Arachidonic ad oleic acid
d. None of the above
38. Ideal ratio of calcium and phosphorous in the diet for monogastric animals
a. 1:1 – 1:2
b. 2:1 – 3:1
c. 1:2 – 2:3
d. 1:5:2 – 2:5:3
e. None of the above
39. Macromineral found in amino acids, cystine and methionine and in vitamins, biotin and thiamine
a. Calcium b. magnesium c. sulfur d. phosphorous e. none of the above
40. Micromineral essential for the formation of enzymes related to oxygen transport and utilization
a. Manganese b. iodine c. iron d. zinc e.all of the above
41. Trace mineral that is component of the vitamin B12 molecule
a. Cu b. Co c. Mn d. Mg e. none of the above
42. Vitamins are organic compounds of natural food but distinct from carbohydrates, fats, proteins and
water. Water soluble vitamins include.
a. Thiamine and riboflavin b. vitamin A and D c. vitamin E and k d. all of the above
43. Fat soluble vitamins are in appreciable amount in the animal body. However, excess amount of fat
soluble vitamins is not excreted in the urine. Examples of fat soluble vitamins are.
A. Vitamin A and E
B. B. thiamine and riboflavin
C. Vitamin C and D
D. D. pantothenic and biotin
E. All of the above
44. Niacin acts as an active groupnof different coenzyme which are related to the citric acid cycle
a. As constituent of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)
b. As constituent of flavin mononucleotide
c. As constituent of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
d. All of the above
45. Pyridoxine as a coenzyme form of phosphate is involved an large number of physiologicals. B6
involved in the conversion of
a. Tryptophan to nicotinic acid
b. Phenylalanine to tyrosine
c. Tryptophan to tyrosine
d. Phenylalanine to nicotinic acid
e. None of the above
46. Vitamin, containing cyanide group attached to the cobalt atom which is responsible for the name
cyanocobalamin
a. B1 b.B2 c. B6 d. B12 e. none of the above
47. Farm animals are classified according to type of GI tracts. Ruminant include
a. Cattle , carabaos and horse
b. Cattle, carabaos and sheeps
c. Cattle carabaos and pigs
d. Cattle, pig and chicken
e. None of the above
48. Non-ruminants are simple stomach such as
a. Pig, horse and rabbit
b. Pig, horse goat
c. Pig, horse and sheep
d. Pig, horse and cattle
49. Ruminants have only one true gastric stomach but with additional compartments which evolved for
fiber digestion. The true gastric stomach equivalent in non-ruminants is
a. Abomasums b. rumen c. reticulum d. omasum e. none of the above
50. Conditions in the rumen responsible for a significant pregastric fermentation
a. Anaerobic environment b. constant food temperature c. constant food supply d. moisture e. all of
the above
51. It is one of the compartments of stomach in ruminants which is round muscular organ containing
many muscular laminae and sometimes called manyplies or
“libro” Rumen b. reticulum c. omasum d. abomasums e. none of the above
52. It corresponds to the true stomach in none-ruminants and is the site Of the HCI and pepsin
production in bird
a. Crop b. proventrculus c. ventriculus d. small intestine e. none of the above
53. For absorption to occur, nutrients must be broken down to very small molecules. The basic unit
carbohydrate is.
a. Amino acid b. glucose c. glycerol d. sucrose e. none of the above
54. After a mechanical breakdown, salivary amylase hydrolyze nutrient to their basic units
a. Starch to maltose b. starch to volatile fatty acids c. protein acid d. cellulose to volatile fatty acids
all of the above
55. Which of the following is not an end of fiber digestion in ruminants?
a. Acetic acid b. palmitic acid c. butyric acid d. propionic acid e. all of the above
56. End-product of carbohydrate digestion in ruminants
a. Essential fatty acids b. non-essential fatty acids c. volatile fatty acids d. non-volatile fatty acids e.
all of the above
57. One of the 4 compartments of stomach in ruminants which functions in the regurgitation of ingesta
during rumination.
a. Rumen b. reticulum c. omasum d. abomasums e. none of the above
58. Roughages are plant materials which contain greater than 18% CF. These feeds are suited for animals
such as.
a. Chicken b. duck c. swine d. carabao
59. Fiber content of a feedstuff is the first consideration in classifying the feeds into different feed groups.
Low-fiber include.
a. Pasture b. silage c. hays d. straws e. green chop
60. When plants material is chopped and packed into a silo, the forage is conserved by anaerobic
fermentation
a. Soilage b. silage c. hays d. straws e. green chop
61. Protein feeds are relatively rich in protein so that when added to cereal grains will improve
performance of the animal. The CP content of protein feeds is
a. More than 10% b. more than 15% c. more than 20% d. more than 30% e. more than 40%
62. Which of the fallowing is cot a concentrated source of mineral elements?
a. Limestone b. tricalcium phosphate c. di-methonine d oyster shell e. salt
63. Composed of outer layer of wheat kernel. It has lower energy but higher protein than rice bran
a. Wheat bran b. corn bran c. tricicale d. wheat pollard e. wheat flour
64. Which of the fallowing is not a concentrated source of energy?
a. Coconut oil b. lard c. corn oil d.tallow e. peanut meal
65. Animal protein containing 80-85% CP but low in isoleucine. It is commonly used as bypass protein in
ruminants
a. Fish meal b. blood meal c. tankage d. feather meal e. eat and bone meal
66. A farmer has plenty of yellow corn(8.5%CP) and soya meal (44%CP). How much soya meal will be
needed for a 100 kg mixture containing 14% CP?
a. 14.59 b. 15.49 c. 13.49 d. 12.59 d. 12.59 e. none of the above
67. A. 100kg ration is deficient in metabolizable energy of 100 kca/kg. Hhow much coco oil (8600 kca/kg)
be needed to supplement the deficiency
a. 120 kg b. 1.20 kg c. 12.0 kg d. .012kg e. none of the above
68. A 100 kg ration is deficient in methionine. How much di-methoinine (90%) be added to supplement
the 25% deficiency?
 a. 1.0 kg b. 0.5 kg c.028% d.1.5 kg d. 5.0 kg e none of the above
69. A manufacturer recommended inclusion rate for vitamin premix is 5 KG PER TON OF FEED How much
vitamin premix will be added to 100 kg feed
a. 1.0 kg b. 0.5 kg c. 1.5 kg d. 5.0 kg e. none of the above
70. Splanchnic circulation is a part of systematic circulation that supplies blood to the
a. Heart b. kidney c. liver d. digestive tract
71. Hyperthrophy & hyperplasia of the thyroid gland cells are compensatory mechanisms to counteract
the deficiency of what mineral?
a. Iodine b. phosphorus c. calcium d. iron
72. Gigantim results from the hypersecretion of which hormone after the closure of the epiphyseal plate
of the long bones
a. Prolaction b. luteinjzing hormone (LH) c. follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) d. somatoraphic
(STH)
73. Destruction of the beta cells of the_____will lead into a disease condition known as diabetes mellitus
a. Liver b. kidney c. pancreas d. adrenals
74. A kind of blood cell(cellular elements) which is non-nucleated and contains a red pigment called
hemoglobin
a. Erythrocyte b. lymphocyte c. thrombocyte d. monocyte
75. The artery at the base of the tail of an animal where the pulse is detected I called
a. Temoral artery b. coccygeal artery c. saphenous artery d. pulmonary
76. Is a type of bone that contains air apaces or sinuses that communicate with the exterior
a. Pneumatic bone b. sesamoid bone c. flat bone d. long bone
77. _______are the muscles attached to the bones of the skeleton, which are usually referred to as the
flesh or meat animals
a. Cardiac muscles b. involuntary muscles c. smooth muscles d. skeletal muscles
78. Animals which feed on both plants and animals are called
a. Herbivores b. carnivores c. omnivores d. none of the above
79. The most important contribution of animals to human welfare is
a. Companionship b. clothing c. traction d. food
80. The basic functional unit of the nervous system
a. Nephron b. neuron c. alveoli d. none of the above
81. Nerve cells do not come in direct contact with ine another, instead is a small gap of about 200
angstrom units between them. This gap is called
a. Synapse b. perivitelline space c. axonal end d. none of the above
82. ________is defined as a substance or chemical mediator which is produced by an endocrine gland and
carried by the blood to some distant part of the body where it exert its effects
a. Enzyme b. toxin c. hormone d. vitamin
83. The artrio-ventricular systole. The A-v valve present on the right side of the heart is called
a. Pulmonary valve b. tricuspid valve c. aortic valve d. biscupid valve
84. A specialized structure at the right atrial wall of the heart and is referred to usually as the cardiac
peacemaker
a. atrio-ventricular b. bundle of his c. sino-atrial node d. purkinje network
85. The artery middle of the lower jaw where pulse in the horse is usually determined
a. External maxillary b. saphenous artery c.femoral artery d. coccygeal artery
86. This systematic circulation supplies blood to the heart itself
a. Coronary circulation b. cerebral circulation c. heptatic circulation d. renal circulation
87. The circular element that liberates throboplastin which is important in blood clothing is called
a. Red blood cell b. white blood cell c. platelet d. none of the above
88. Blood can carry oxygen to different parts of the body because of the conjugated protein present in the
red blood cell . the conjugated protein which binds oxygen is called
a. Myogobin b. hemoglobin c.immunoglobulin d. transferring
89. This hormone helps in reducing urine volume by increasing readsorption of water in the collecting
ducts of the kidney
a. Vasopressin b. adrenalin c. oxytocin d. prolactin
90. The structural and functional unit of the kidney is called
a. Axon b. nephon c. calyx d. neuron
91. The part of the digestive tract, which is the common passage for, feed and airs
a. Larynx b. pharynx c. trachea d. esophagus
92. In the digestive system of the fowl, the true stomach is the
a. Gizzard b. Proventriculus c. Crop d. cecum
93. The part of the digestive system of the horse which enables it to live on grass in spite / of the fact that
is not a ruminant
a. Small intestine b. pancreas c. cecum d. adrenal gland
94. The hairs on the body of the cattle converge to form hair streams and vortices known as ______
a. Patch b. hair pattern c. cowlick d.crypt
95. An oily and semi-liquid secretion of an animal’s sebaceous gland, which protects the skin from
harmful substances pt
a. Sebum b. cenumen c cuticle d. dansdruff
96. It is the range of environmental temperature where any regulation to maintain body temperature is
only slight and it is of the physical variety
a. Summit metabolism b. critical temperature c. zone of thermal conflict d. maximal heat
production
97. If the ambient temperature is equal to the body temperature the body losses heat only by
a. Radiation b. conduction c. convection d. vaporization
98. _______is a chemical means of thermoregulation
a. Locating a shelter b. changing free surface c. changing amount of thermal insulation d.
shivering
99. This term refers to the maintenance of static or constant conditions in the thermal environment of the
animal
a. Homeostasis of the animal b. homeothermy c. homeokinesis d. homozygous
100. _______is the hormone which facilitates the transport of glucose from the blood into the cells
of tissues.
a. Insulin b. thyroxine c. prolactin d. calcitonin
101. This vitamin is important for blood clotting because it is used as a co-factor in the synthesis of
prothrombin by the liver
a. Vitamin A b. vitamin C c. vitamin D d. vitamin K
102. Which of the following is not present in the lymph fluid
a. Glucose b. erythrocytes c. lymphocytes d. platelets
103. Passive expiration is exemplified by which activity?
a. Coughing b. talking aloud c. laughing d. quiet breathing
104. Which of the following is not included in the animal industry of the country?
a. Pig b. cattle c. chicken d. camel
105. This animal subsists mainly on grasses and is raised mainly by smallholder farmers in the rural
areas.
a. Pig b. carabao c. chicken d. duck
106. Among the following animals, which is the one that can perceive many colors of the light
spectrum
 a. Cattle b. sheep c. goat d. pig
107. This animal has very poor sense of taste
a. Chicken b. cattle c. horse d. swine
108. A classification of bone which is greater in one direction than any other , and functions mainly
as levers and aid in support, locomotion and prehension
a. Long bone b. short bone c. sesamoid bone d. pneumatic bone
109. The wish bone of chickens is actually the
a. Humerus b. clavicle c. radius d. ulna
110. The muscle which constitutes the thickness of the wall of the heart (myocardium) and its
rhythmic contraction is responsible for blood circulation
a. Cardiac muscle b. skeletal muscle c. smooth muscle d. none of the above
111. The hormone that increase the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the body is
a. Epinephrine b. thyroxine c. prolactin d. calcitonin
112. The production system of this livestock species is very intensive, commercially oriented and
depends heavily on commercial missed feeds
a. Goat b. cattle c. carabao d. pig
113. The biological system is composed of the brain, spinal cord and the nerves
a. Cardiovascular system
b. Endocrine system
c. Nervous system
d. Excretory system
114. This endocrine gland is located at the neck area just below the larynx. It secretes thyroxine and
T3
a. Adrenal gland b. pancreas c. thyroid gland d. none of the above
115. This vitamin increases the efficiency of calcium and phosphorous absorption across the
intestinal wall, making these minerals available for the bone formation
a. Vitamin A b. vitamin E c. vitamin D d. vitamin K
116. One of the important functions of this biological system is to carry O2 from the lungs to the
tissues and CO2 from the tissues to the lungs
a. Respiratory system
b. Excretory system
c. Cardiovascular system
d. None of the above
117. In general, the smaller the body size of an animal species, the faster is its pulse rate. The
average pulse rate of a mouse is
a. 45 beats/min
b. 72 beats/min
c. 300 beats/min
d. 600 beats/min
118. All the venous blood from the systematic circulation are returned back to the heart via
a. Pulmonary vein b. pulmonary artery c. vena cava d. aorta
119. Hepatic circulation is a part of systematic circulation that supplies blood to the
a. Liver b. kidney c. brain d. pancreas
120. The mineral which acts as a co-factor in the process of blood clotting is
a. Magnesium b. potassium c. calcium d. phosphorous
121. The amount of the air that moves into the lungs with each inspiration, or the amount that
moves out with each expiration is called
a. Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
b. Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
 c. Tidal volume (TV)
d. Vital capacity
122. A process of heat dissipation which involves direct contact of the animal with a part of its
environment
a. Conduction b. convection c. radiation d. vaporization
123. The normal rectal temperature range of chicken is
a. 36-39 degrees c
b. 38-40
c. 40-41
d. None of the above
124. Which of the following herbivores is not a ruminant
a. Cattle b. carabao c. horse d. goat
125. The young of this species is called a kid
a. Cattle b. pig c. horse d. goat
126. The best time to breed or inseminate is at the
a. Start of estrus
b. Towards end of estrus
c. Mid-estrus
d. Before the start of estrus
127. Pulmonary circulation is circulation of the blood that takes place in the
a. Lungs b. liver c. kidney d. brain
128. The transport of hormones from the endocrine glands to the target organs is a function of the
a. Cardiovascular system
b. Nervous system\
c. Respiratory system
d. Excretory system
129. Auscultation method using stethoscope is the usual procedure employed in determining the
pulse rate of
a. Sheep b. horse c. cattle d. pig
130. Pneumatic bone contains air spaces or sinuses that communicate with the environment_____ is
an example of the pneumatic bone of a horse
a. Maxilla b. femur c. carpus d. humerus
131. The mineral which is an integral component of hemoglobin is
a. Iodine b. iron c. fluorine d. magnesium
132. The functions of genes are the following except
a. Control the function of other (structural) genes
b. Copy or replicate itself
c. Store and transmit genetic information
d. Undergo mutation
133. Inbreeding depression in most reproductive traits in farm animals is caused by
a. Out crossing hybridization
b. Parent offspring mating
c. Species
d. Upgrading
134. In the formula P(phenotype) = G (genetics) + E (environment), the following are the types of
gene that may be exploited by crossbreeding except
a. Additive gene effect
b. Dominance
c. Epistasis
 d. Overdominance
135. __________ leads to random genetic drift because of chance variation or sampling
effects/errors
a. Migration
b. Non-random mating
c. Selection
d. Small population size
136. The magnitude of inbreeding depression in inbred populations depends on
a. Degree of coefficient of inbreeding
b. Dominance effects (d)
c. Frequency of heterozygotes before breeding (2pg)
d. All of the above
137. Duroc is a breed of
a. Beef cattle
b. Dairy cattle
c. Goat
d. Swine
138. When a gene suppresses he expression of its allele, the former is called the dominant gene
while the latter is referred to as the _____ gene
a. Homozygous
b. Recessive
c. Regulator
d. Structural
139. __________ determines the sex of the individual
a. Autosomes b. mating system c. selection d. sex chromosome
140. ________ is the notation used to refer to the heterogametic sex chromosomes of a hen
a. XX b. XY c. ZZ D. ZW
141. __________ is the heterogametic sex in chromosomes
a. Male
b. Female
c. Either male or female
d. Bothe male and female
142. Milk production in cows and egg production in quails are example of economically important
traits which are known as
a. Maternal effect
b. Sex-influenced
c. Sex-limited
d. None of the above
143. ________ is when genes that are more closely linked to the inherited together more than those
that are located further apart in the same chromosome
a. Autosomal linkage inheritance
b. Pleiotropy
c. Non-nuclear
d. Sex-linkage
144. The following reproductive technology increases the reproduction rate in the bull, buck, boar,
or ram
a. Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer
b. Artificial insemination
c. In vitro fertilization
 d. Cryopreservation
145. In Mendel’s Law of Segregation, the following are stated except
a. Genes determine characters
b. Genes occur in pairs
c. Only one of the gene pair is transmitted by a particular gamete
d. Segregation and recombination is random
146. In a segment of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), adenine is an example of
a. Amino acid b. nucleotide’ c. purine d. pyramidine
147. _______ is the term use in the gametogenesis in the cow
a. Fertilization b. heterosis c. oogenesis d. spermatogenesis
148. _________ is a segment of the DNA which determines the base sequence of nucleotide in the
messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) that makes up the code for certain biological function
a. Chromosome b. gamete c. gene d. genotype
149. ________ is the process of the union of the sperm and the egg to form a zygote which develops
as a new individual
a. Fertilization b. gametogenesis c. meiosis d. mitosis
150. _____________ is the process by which the germinal cells divide to produce haploid cells each
carrying only one-half of the genetic complement of the individual
a. Fertilization b. gametogenesis c. meiosis d. mitosis
151. ________ is the process of reproducing the reproductive cells
a. Fertilization b. gametogenesis c. meiosis d. mitosis
152. _________ is the spontaneous change in the biochemical structure of the gene resulting in an
entirely different phenotypic effect
a. Migration b. mutation c. random genetic drift d. selection
153. ____________ measures the proportion of the total phenotypic variance that are attributable
in an entirely different phenotypic effect
a. Heritability b. repeatability c. dominance d. epistasis
154. ______________ is the result of crossbreeding characterized by a large improvement in the
average performance of the F1 progeny over that of the parents
a. Heterosis b. random genetic drift c. panmixia d. linkage
155. _____________ is when individuals of the same phenotype (+) or fidderent phenotype (-) are
mated
a. Assortative
b. Outbreeding
c. Non-random mating
d. Panmixia
156. ______________ is the capability of a phenotype and a corresponding genotype to survive and
reproduce in a given environment
a. Epistasis
b. Fitness
c. Genotype x environmental interaction
d. Panmixia
157. __________ causes differential fitness among genotypes
a. Migration b. mutation c. random genetic drift d. selection
158. ___________ is the change in the population mean due to selection
a. Selection differential
b. Response to selection
c. Selection intensity
d. Genetic standard deviation
159. _____________ is the mating between animals less closely related than the average of the
group to which they belong
a. Inbreeding
b. Outbreeding
c. Outcrossing
d. Crisscrossing
160. __________ is the difference of the mean phenotypic value between the offspring of the
selected parents and the whole of the parental generation before selection
a. Selection differential
b. Response to selection
c. Selection intensity
d. Genetic standard deviation
161. __________ is when certain genotypes perform well under certain environments than other
genotypes
a. Epistasis
b. Fitness
c. Genotype x phenotype interaction
d. Panmixia
162. __________________ is a form of non-random mating except
a. Assortative mating
b. Disassortative mating
c. Inbreeding
163. The following are examples of outbreeding except
a. Crossing of inbred lines
b. Full sib mating
c. Interspecific hybridization
d. Upgrading
164. According to the Hanrdy-Weinberg Law the following are factors that affect gene and genotypic
frequency in a breeding population except
a. Migration b. mutation c, selection d, verification
165. The following is a consequence of inbreeding except
a. Exposure of undesirable recessive gene combinations
b. Hybrid vigor
c. Inbreeding depression
d. A and C only
166. The total number of carabaos owned mostly by smallholder farmers in the Philippines is
approximately
a. 30,000 b. 300,000 c. 3 million d. 30 million
167. The reproductive rate (i.e. expected number of young produced per year) in pigs is
a. 0.5 b 1 to 3 c. 10 to 25 d. 50 to 300
168. The process of heating foodstuff, usually a liquid for a definite temperature and time, and
thereafter cooling it immediately.
a. Pasteurization
b. Homogenization
c. Clarification
d. Curing
e. None of the above
169. The term refers to the act of slaughtering animals dead of some cause prior to the time of
slaughter
 a. Fabrication
b. Hot slaughter
c. Cold slaughter
d. Double killing
e. None of the above
170. Milk product where the butterfat is replaced with vegetable fat such as coconut
a. Full cream milk
b. Flavored milk
c. Condensed milk
d. Skim milk
e. None of the above
171. The following are considered essential amino acids to human diet except
a. Phenylalamine
b. Methionine
c. Alanine
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
172. The meat is considered deficient in this mineral
a. Iron
b. Manganese
c. Calcium
d. All of the above
e. A and C only
173. What is the average amount of water in fresh whole milk
a. 87% b. 95% c. 70% d. 80% e. none of the above
174. What is the recommended temperature of chilling meat?
a. -15 to 0 °C
b. 10-15 °C
c. 5 to 10 °C
d. 2 to 4 °C
e. None of the above
175. The term refers to meat coming form an illegal source
a. Hot meat
b. Short meat
c. Cold meat
d. Green meat
e. Red meat
176. The following are the conditions that would warrant animals to be denied for slaughter EXCEPT
a. The animal is pregnant
b. The animal is sick
c. The animal shows lameness
d. The animal is newly injected with anti-biotic
e. None of the above
177. The following are basic ingredients in curing meat EXCEPT
a. Salt b. sugar c. spices d. nitrite c. C and D only
178. The Animal Welfare Law is promulgated under what Republic Act?
a. R.A 711
b. R.A 85 84
c. R.A 8485
 d. R.A 710
e. R.A 712
179. The following are necessary management practices that should be done prior to the slaughter
of animal EXCEPT
a. Fasting
b. Branding
c. Cleaning of animals and facilities
d. Letting the animal relax
e. Handling the animals gently
180. The following are basic factors to consider in slaughtering of animals EXCEPT
a. The cleanliness of the meat produced as well as the health of the animal
b. Efficiency of meat inspection
c. Hygiene of production
d. Adequacy of meat preservation
e. None of the above
181. The maximum safe amount of nitrite residue in finished sausages
a. 100 ppm b. 200 ppm c. 250 ppm d. 300 ppm d. 275 ppm
182. A livestock marketing system wherein a mother company takes the animals produced and takes
care of the processing before final sale to the consumers.
a. Livestock market scheme
b. Contract growing scheme
c. Barrio agent scheme
d. City dealer scheme
183. Debeaking or beak trimming is done to prevent cannibalism. This is recommended for
a. broilers b. egg type chickens c. ducks d. all of the above
184. The high cost of production for raising commercial strains of chicken is due mainly to the high
cost of inputs such as
a. Labor b. electricity c. feeds d. all of the above
185. The process where fully developed embryo (chicks) breaks out of the egg
a. Breaking b. incubating c. hatching d. brooding
186. Old hen that had past their usefulness for commercial egg production
a. Capon b. spent hens c. cull d. B and C
187. The incubation period for chicken eggs
a. 18 days
b. 21 days
c. 26 days
d. 24 days
188. What is the feed efficiency of 100 broilers having an average final body weight of 2.0 kg/head
after consuming 3.75 kg of feed for 42 days
a. 1.9 b. 1.8 c, 1.88 d. 0.53
189. Which broiler farm is the most efficient given the following FE values
a. 1.88 b. 2.5 c. 1.6 d. 3.0
190. If the dressing percentage for chicken is 70% what should be the dressing recovery of broilers
weighing 2.0 kg. live weight
a. 1.4 kg b. 1.5 kg c. 1.4 g d. 1.5 g
191. To give birth to young pigs
a. Calving b. kidding c. farrowing d. pigletting
192. Young female swine that has not given birth and usually kept for breeding
a. Cow b. gilt c. sow d. heifer
193. A castrated pig after sexual maturity is called
a. Stag b. boar c. barrow d. stallion
194. If the average daily gain of the animals is 500 gms per day, how long will it take a 15 kgs pig to
reach 85 kgs
a. 140 days b. 150 days c. 200 days d. 180 days
195. Method of identifying piglets
a. Hot iron branding
b. Wing web band
c. Ear notching
d. Tail docking
196. Reasons for castrating pigs
a. Fast growth rate
b. Better feed efficiency
c. Remove the boar taint
d. Thinner back fat
197. Characteristic of breeder animals that must not be culled
a. A cow which calves every year
b. Produces large amount of milk
c. Heifers which comes to heat
d. All of the above
198. A term used to denote the average length of time in days between successive calvings
a. Calving interval
b. Estrus cycle
c. Gestation period
d. None of the above
199. Any number of cattle under one management, maintained in one premise, and allowed to
associate or more in contact with one another
a. Cows b. breed c. herd d. ranch
200. Average gestation period in cow is about _________ days
a. 283 days b. 290 days c. 297 days d. 304 days