Session-19.

2
Mixed Conditionals
Conditional basics (Revise)
Agar-
• Jab-jab aisa hota hai → Tab-tab aisa hota hai (Zero)
• Aisa hoga to → To aisa ho jaega (1st)
• Aisa ho → to aisa ho jaye (2nd)
• Aisa hua hota → to aisa ho hota/sakta tha/hona chahiye tha (3rd)

* The 1st, 2nd and 3rd conditionals also have alternative forms.
* Alternative form → “If” is removed from the clause and the clause
is inverted.
 Recap of conditionals

The zero conditional – Universal truths/Habits of present or past*

If/When + Indefinite tense → Indefinite tense

✔ Agar ap dusro ki ✔ If/When you help others, God helps you.

madad karte ho, to God (Zero conditional)
apki madad karta hai. 📌 Special alternative form – Not possible
✔ Agar ap dusro ki ✔ If/When you help others, God will help
madad karoge, to God you.
apki madad karega. (First conditional)
(Real future) 📌 Special alternative form – Should you help
others, God will help you.
✔ Agar ap dusro ki ✔ If you helped others, God would help
madad karo, to God apki you.
madad kare. (Second conditional)
(Unreal future) 📌 Special alternative form – Not possible
✔ Agar apne dusro ✔ If you had helped others, God would
ki madad ki hoti, to God have helped you.
ne apki madad ki hoti. (Third conditional)
(Lost opportunities) 📌 Special alternative form – Had you helped
others, God would have helped you.
 Mixed conditionals

Type-1:
If + unreal/almost impossible Past Condition +
conditional-3
✔ Agar mere pas wings Standard
hote, to mai is jagah se ud (Past Perfect + Would have V3)
(fly) gya hota. ✔ If I had had wings, I would have
flown from this place.
Zero
First (Real) Problem: I didn’t have wings and I still
Second (Unreal) don’t have them. In fact, I have never had
Third wings in my entire life and will surely won’t
have anything resembling wings in future.
Solution: Use mixed conditional-1
(V2 + would have V3)
✔ If I had wings, I would have flown
from this place.
📌 Special alternative form – Not
possible
✔ Agar mai USA me Standard
rehta hota, to maine MIT (Past perfect + would have V3)
se studies ki hoti. ✔ If I had lived in the USA, I would have
studied in the MIT.
Third conditional (lost
opportunities) Problem: I have never lived in the USA and
I still do not live there. In fact, there is little
chance that I will ever live in the USA.
Solution: Mixed conditional-1
(V2 + would have V3)
✔ If I lived in the USA, I would have
studied in the MIT.
📌 Special alternative form – Not
possible
✔ Agar Mujhe Shalini Standard
se pyar na hota, to maine (Past + Past)
us se pichhle saal shadi na ✔ If I had not loved Shalini, I would not
ki hoti. have married her last year.

Third conditional Problem: I loved Shalini back then. I still

love her and there is a huge possibility that
I will continue to be in love with her.

Solution: Use mixed conditional-1

(V2 + Past)
✔ If I did not love Shalini, I would not
have married her last year.
📌 Special alternative form – Not
possible
 Type-2:
If + Past Condition (Past perfect) +
Continuous action (Modal + Base form)
+ Trigger words – Now/today/at present/right now etc.
✔ Agar tumne Standard
medicine li hoti, to ab tum (Past Perfect + would have V3)
thik mehsoos kar rhe hote. ✔ If you had taken the medicine, you
would have felt fine right now.
Third conditional – Past Problem:
(Lost opportunities)
Solution: Use mixed conditional-2
Past perfect + would base form (2nd
conditional structure)
✔ If you had taken the medicine, you
would feel fine right now.

📌 Special alternative form – Not

possible

*Mixed conditional-2 should necessarily be used, wherever applicable.

✔ Agar hamne ek Standard
vakeel ko hire kiya hota, to (Past Perfect + Would have V3)
aj ham jail me na hote. ✔ If we had hired a vakeel, we would
not have been in prison/jail today.
Problem: We are still in prison today. The
word “today” itself indicates that the
action still continues; Third conditional (of
lost opportunities) should not be applied in
this case.
Solution: Use mixed conditional-2
Past perfect + Would + base form
✔ If we had hired a lawyer, we would
not be in prison/jail today.

📌 Special alternative form – Had we

hired a lawyer, we would not be in
prison/jail today.
 Home-work task

✔ Rohini ek bahot Standard

mehnati ladki hai. Agar (Past perfect + would have V3)
usne mehnat na ki hoti to ✔ Rohini is a very hard-working girl. If
use ye naukari na mili hoti. she had not worked hard, she would not
have got this job.
(Third conditional)
Problem: She has always been a
hardworking girl. She used to work hard as
the paragraph suggests and she is still
working hard.
Solution: Use mixed conditional-1
V2 + would have V3
✔ Rohini is a very hard-working girl. If
she did not work hard, she would not
have got this job.
📌 Special alternative form – Not
possible
✔ Rohini ek bahot Standard
mehnati ladki hai. (Past perfect + Would have V3)
✔ Rohini is very hard-working girl. If
Agar usne mehnat na ki she had not worked hard, she would not
hoti to vo aj company ki have been the CEO of the company today.
CEO na hoti. Problem: Rohini is the CEO of the
(Third conditional) company at present. The action still
continues.
Solution: Use mixed conditional-2
Past perfect + Would + base form
✔ Rohini is very hard-working girl. If
she had not worked hard, she would not
be the CEO of the company today.
📌 Special alternative form – Had Rohini
not worked hard, she would not be the
CEO of the company today.