DISASTER READINESS RISK REDUCTION
Quarter 2- Module 12:
Community-based Disaster Management,
Preparedness Plan, Survival Kits
and Materials for Advocacy
Photo Credit: Ferdinand A. Cabeguin
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2– Module 12: Community-based Disaster Management, Preparedness
Plan, Survival Kits and Materials for Advocacy
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition, payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials included in this module are owned by the respective copyright
holders. Effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
the respective copyright owners. The publisher and author do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary:
Undersecretary:
Assistant Secretary:
Development Team of the Module
Author: Ferdinand A. Cabeguin
Editor:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:
Printed in the Philippines by _____________________________
Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd – BLR)
Office Address: ______________________________________
Telefax: ______________________________________
E-mail Address: ______________________________________
Lesson Different Community-based
1 Practices for Managing Disaster
Risks to Specific Hazards
Community-based disaster risk reduction management involves participatory
process wherein the community identify and assess the hazards that they are facing.
It is important to recognize that hazards are place-specific. Mountainous
communities face a different hazard compared to coastal communities. Likewise,
urban communities have unique hazards compared to rural communities. Therefore,
managing specific hazards may vary from one place to another.
Review
What’s in (Balikan)
In the previous lesson, you learned the importance of Disaster Risk Reduction
(DRR). You learned also that disaster is a function of hazard, exposure and
vulnerability which can be mitigated through appropriate adaptation and mitigation
measures at the personal, family and community levels. It is therefore important that
you understand and act accordingly to reduce the risk of yourself and your family.
What’s New…
People’s Perception of Risk
Peoples’ educational and socio-economic status greatly affects how they
perceived risks as well as how they utilize various mitigating or preventing measures
or managing the risk in their community. In addition, their age, gender, livelihood,
employment, educational background and culture perceive risks in different ways. A
farmer may have a hard time evacuating his farmland if ask to leave because of an
impending volcanic eruption largely because his livelihood is tied to the land he tilled.
Their previous experience of a similar disaster risks may also influence their
response of a potential hazard. When people who lives near the river banks of
Cagayan de Oro were ask to evacuate during Typhoon Sendong in 2011(TS Washi),
some of them were indifferent because they knew in the past flooding that the water
rarely reach an alarming level at most will cause damage or death.
It is therefore important for people in the community to conduct disaster risk
assessment to have a common understanding of the risks they face as well as bring
different perceptions of disaster risks. It is also a way of awakening collective
consciousness for identification of appropriate and adequate risk reduction measures.
Through participatory community-based activity, people can address their risks in an
objective manner since the process combines local knowledge with scientific and
technical information brought by a community-based approach DRRM.
What will you do…
Activity 1: Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) Hazard
Assessment
Direction: Conduct a community-based survey on people’s perception of risk and the
hazards their community is facing.
Survey Questionnaire
Introduction:
My name is________ I am a senior high school student of ___________ under
DRRR subject. This survey would like to determine your perception about the
hazards you are facing in your community. Rest assured that the information you will
be providing will be used for this research only and your identity will remain
anonymous. Thank you for your cooperation.
Check SA if you strong agree, A agree, D disagree, SD strongly disagree and N
neutral (No opinion)
Name:_______________Age:____ Gender:____ Educational Attainment:_________
Statements S A D S N
A D
1. I know the possible hazards (Natural or man-made)
that my family is facing and how to prevent/reduce
my exposure to these risks.
2. I think my family is well-prepared for possible
calamity in my community (Fire, earthquake,
landslide, Tsunami etc.).
3. My family have enough and readily available basic
necessities like food and water that would last for at
least 3 days if calamity strikes in my community.
4. Our local leaders are very active in disaster risk
reduction activities (exm. Fire/earthquake drills)
S A D S N
A D
5. I know various agencies (NGO’s and GO’s) which
can help during disasters or emergencies.
6. Our Barangay has emergency plan in place for
evacuation (exm. Typhoon, Earthquake etc.).
7. My community had establish early warning system
(ex. Bells, Public announcement system) to warn the
people of impending disaster?
8. The community has disaster plan that also caters to
the needs of person with disability, children, sick, old
and pregnant women.
A. Use the survey questionnaire by asking following individuals from your own
community
1. Punong Barangay
2. Parent (Full time housewife)
3. Business owner (exm. Sarisari)
4. Teacher/Professional
5. Informal/low income individual (exm labourer)
Answer the following questions. Write your answers on a separate sheet
and submit next meeting.
1. Visit your local barangay office and ask whether emergency plan is available.
2. Ask your Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction Management officer what
projects, programs, or activities they have initiated that enhance people’s
participation in conducting disaster plans/drills in their area.
3. Evaluate the effectiveness of their emergency plan. Do you think a
participatory approach (people were consulted) was done?
What is it (Suriin)…
Discussion of Activity 1
1. Analyse the survey responses of the five individuals. Do the answers vary?
2. Which individuals have similar answers? What do you think is the
explanation?
3. Based on the responses, do you think your community have established
community-based disaster risk reduction policies, program and activities to
address the hazards that your community is facing?
Enrichment Activities
What’s more (Pagyamanin)
Identify a disaster that happened in your locality/country and complete this
table using a separate sheet of paper. You may use other sources like the internet or
people who experience or witness such disaster/s. Submit next meeting.
Disaster Timeline:
Year Disaster type Effects/Impact to Response of
(exm. typhoon)
Commu Children School NGO’s Government
nity Communit (NGA’sor
y LGU)
1. Did the community was able to respond and build back their lives
immediately? If not, why?
Generalization
What I have learned (Isaisip)
Complete the sentence stem below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. The community-based disaster risk reduction management for preparedness
helps the community by___________________________________________
_____________________________________________because___________
______________________________________________________________
Application
What I can do (Isagawa)
Your task is to conduct a hazard assessment in your locality/city/region/barangay
using the hazard assessment tool. Present this next meeting. Use one whole sheet.
Hazard Assessment Tool
Hazard Information/Questions Answers
Elements
Hazard Name and briefly describe the hazard/s
affecting or threatening your community
Location Where are the specific locations in the
community that the hazards affect or
threaten?
History & Future Identify the years in which the hazard
affected the community, and its impacts
(number of deaths/casualties, affected
children, damaged structures, etc)
Frequency What is the likelihood of the hazard
event? How often does it occur?
Intensity/Force What was the magnitude, scale of the
hazard (ex. Richter scale, MMI scale,
Beaufort scale or wind speed, flood
strength)
Duration Length of time of occurrence or how
long does the hazard last/stay?
Forewarning What are the warning signs and signals
for each hazard?
Speed of onset How fast is the arrival and impact of the
hazard? Indicate the length of time
between warning and arrival.
Secondary What is/are the secondary impacts of
hazard the hazard?
Additional Activities (Karagdagan Gawain)
Make a sketch that shows the different hazards in your community. The hazards may include
man-made (exm. Fire) or natural hazards (exm. Landslide prone, etc.). Also indicate the
“safe” evacuation area/s and the emergency contact numbers of Fire, DRRM office etc.).
Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2– Module 12: Community-based Disaster Management, Preparedness
Plan, Survival Kits and Materials for Advocacy
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition, payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials included in this module are owned by the respective copyright
holders. Effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
the respective copyright owners. The publisher and author do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary:
Undersecretary:
Assistant Secretary:
Development Team of the Module
Author: Ferdinand A. Cabeguin
Editor:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:
Printed in the Philippines by _____________________________
Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd – BLR)
Office Address: ______________________________________
Telefax: ______________________________________
E-mail Address: ______________________________________
Lesson Development of Community
2 Preparedness Plan
Developing a community preparedness plan is important for developing a more
resilient community. The plan will guide the people what to do before, during and
after a disaster. However, it is also important to practice and evaluate the plan
periodically to determine the effectiveness and extent of people’s participation in
realizing the plan during emergency drills. In addition, understanding people’s
perception is also important to effectively manage an effective community-based
DRR projects, programs and activities that will enhance the capacity of people to
address their needs particularly on improving their community preparedness plan.
Review
What’s in (Balikan)
In the previous lesson, you learned the importance of community-based
practices for managing disaster risk to specific hazards. You also learned to identify
the hazards in your community through a survey questionnaire of hazard
assessment. .
What’s New…
What is Emergency Plan…
An emergency plan is a written set of instructions that enables the people in the
community to follow in order to save lives. The emergency plan must provide vital
information and instructions to the people in the area in implementing emergency
procedures. In a community based DRRM, it is essential to develop and implement
an effective warning instruction in hazardous areas. The community must be actively
involved in the creation of emergency plan through a multi-stakeholder approach. In
this manner information about the risks are shared. The following Community-Based
Disaster Risk Reduction Management (CBDRRM) process will be helpful.
CBDRRM Process
1. Initiating the process: Training may be initiated by the local government
(Barangay) or NGO’s who has the resources and expertise. The civil society,
academe, and business may also start the initiative.
2. Participatory Community Risk Assessment: people in the community will
identify the risk they face. An outsider (ex. Scientist) may be invited to provide
technical or scientific information.
3. Participatory community disaster risk reduction and management plan: people
create a sustainable disaster risk reduction and management plan that suit
their needs and resources.
4. Community managed implementation of disaster risk reduction plan
5. Participatory monitoring and evaluation of disaster plans of the community and
family disaster preparedness
What will you do…
Activity 1: Local Community Preparedness Plan
Direction: Complete the table below. Submit your output next meeting.
Existing Community Your Comments Suggestions for
Preparedness Plan Improvement
Exm. The Barangay Disaster “This evacuation A hill found about 3 km
Risk Reduction Management center could not be northeast of the
identified ABC Elementary utilized during community can be
School as evacuation center Tsunami because it is utilized in Tsunami
during disasters. located in the low- warning. This place is
lying area”. about 40 meters above
sea level.
What is it (Suriin)…
Discussion of Activity 1
1. Is the Barangay emergency plan readily available? Do people have immediate
knowledge about the risk they are facing? Do people clearly understand the
emergency plan?
2. Are the plans being implemented through regular drills? Are they continuously
being monitored and evaluated?
3. Do you think your Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction Management
Council(BDRRMC) are well-prepared or trained for possible impact of
disasters in your community? Why do you say that? Support your answer.
Enrichment Activities
What’s more (Pagyamanin)
Do the following tasks using the REAP Protocol. Write your answer in ½ crosswise
and submit next meeting.
R- Read and write the author and source of the news
E-Elaborate the idea of the news report using your own words
A-Annotate by writing the most important information, use key words, important
data/information
P-Ponder by taking to your parents/siblings about what you think and feel about this
news article. Write 2-3 questions about this article.
Community involvement critical in disaster preparedness
Roi Lomotan
SIBULAN, Negros Oriental, July 4(PIA) -- The executive officer of the Provincial Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management Council (PDRRMC) cited the critical importance
of community involvement in disaster preparedness. PDRRMC Executive Officer
Adrian Sedillo delivered a brief lecture on disaster preparedness to members of the
farmer and fisherfolk associations, barangay captains and other local officials of
this town during the Ugnayan: A Dialogue for Progress Multi-Sectoral Forum held
recently at the Municipal Multi-Purpose Hall. Sedillo stressed that there should be
community involvement from the identification of hazards up to identification of
actions in response to any calamities or disasters. “You need to understand your
hazards so you can plan your actions,” Sedillo said. Sedillo also briefly
discussed the four thematic areas of disaster management under RA 10121 which
are prevention and mitigation, preparedness, response and rehabilitation. The law,
Sedillo said, serves as the bible of disaster management of the government while
the E.O 66 prescribes rules on canceling or suspending classes or work during
typhoons and other calamities, and the usage of DRRM fund.
The PDRRMC official reiterated the Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Committee is under the Barangay Development Council which under
the law shall take the lead in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from the
effects of any disaster if their barangay is affected by a calamity. Sedillo said the
city or municipal government takes over when two or more barangays are affected
by a disaster while the province takes the lead if two or more cities are torn by
disaster. Meanwhile, the participants of the forum included members of the farmer
and fisherfolks association, women’s group, barangay captains and other local
officials in Sibulan town. This was the second time the PIA conducted an Ugnayan
Forum in Negros Oriental. The first was done in April at the Silliman University in
Dumaguete City. (fcr/ral/PIA7-Negros Oriental)
https://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/community-involvement-critical-disaster-
preparednessretrieved on May 21,2020
Generalization
What I have learned (Isaisip)
Complete the sentence stem below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
1.The community preparedness plan will help the community
by__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________because________________
____________________________________________________________________
2.My family emergency preparedness plan is important
because_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Application
What I can do (Isagawa)
Your task is to discuss your suggestions with the Punong Barangay. Provide
documentation (Pictures) of your conversation. It is desirable also to follow-up the
action of your local leaders regarding your suggestions. Submit a summary of your
conversation in written format.
Additional Activities (Karagdagan Gawain)
Make a sketch that shows the different hazards in your community. The hazards may
include man-made (exm. Fire) or natural hazards (exm. Landslide prone area, etc.). You
have the option to color your sketch using crayons etc., or use technology.
Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2– Module 12: Community-based Disaster Management, Preparedness
Plan, Survival Kits and Materials for Advocacy
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition, payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials included in this module are owned by the respective copyright
holders. Effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
the respective copyright owners. The publisher and author do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary:
Undersecretary:
Assistant Secretary:
Development Team of the Module
Author: Ferdinand A. Cabeguin
Editor:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:
Printed in the Philippines by _____________________________
Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd – BLR)
Office Address: ______________________________________
Telefax: ______________________________________
E-mail Address: ______________________________________
Lesson Family Survival Kits and Materials
3 Useful for Public Information
Advocacy
The family that prepares for emergencies will likely survive if and when disaster
happens. This means that they have to pre-positioned materials that are needed in
times of need. Extreme poverty situation of the family may hinder it to prepare for
survival materials, much more on practicing/rehearsing the emergency protocols or
drills. However, at a minimum the family has to prepare and coordinate with their
local government units. There are available resources of the government which may
be utilized to address the need for disaster preparedness which includes information
dissemination, providing survival kits and materials.
Review
What’s in (Balikan)
In the previous lesson, you learned the importance of community
preparedness plan. It is also important that your family disaster preparedness plan
should be harmonized with it to make it effective and useful during an
emergency/disaster. You also realized that hazards may change and so your
community/family disaster plan must adapt through regular drills and evaluation.
However, to be successful it should be supported actively by everyone in your
community.
What’s New…
What is a Family Survival Kit…
After an emergency, your family may need to survive on your own for at least 72
hours before help may arrive. It’s important that food, water and other basic items
are available just in case you will shelter in place for an extended period of time.
What will you do…
Activity 1: Checklist of Family Survival Kits and Materials
Direction: Assess the preparedness of your family using the checklist below.
Submit your output next meeting.
Family Survival Kits and Materials Available/ Not
Present/Yes available/
Absent/No
1.First aid kit
2.Cellphone with chargers or solar chargers
3.Garbage bags
4.Battery-powered or hand crank radio
5.Copy of your emergency plan, copies of important
document and cash in small bills
6.Water, 4 liters per person per day for 3 days to one
week, for drinking and sanitation
7.Battery-powered or hand crank flashlight with extra
batteries
8.Whistle to signal help
9.Clothing and footwear
10.Dust mask and gloves
11.Three day to one week supply of non-perishable
food(exm. Canned goods) and manual can opener
12.The barangay has establish a systematic
information/announcement system during emergency
13.We practice and revise our evacuation plan every
year
14.Our barangay has evacuation plan and we know
the safe evacuation areas
What is it (Suriin)…
Discussion of Activity 1
1. Based on the checklist, which item is difficult to get? Why?
2. If you are to remove three items from the list, what would it be? Explain the
reason why the three items are not so important?
3. What situations wherein the checklist may vary from one family to another?
Enrichment Activities
What’s more (Pagyamanin)
Do the following tasks using the REAP Protocol. Write your answer in ½ crosswise
and submit next meeting.
R- Read and write the author and source of the news
E-Elaborate the idea of the news report using your own words
A-Annotate by writing the most important information, use key words, important
data/information
P-Ponder by taking to your parents/siblings about what you think and feel about this
news article. Write 2-3 questions about this article.
The Role of Family Preparedness in Community Resilience
This year’s target under the UNISDR’s Sendai Seven Campaign is focused on the
protection and reduction of the number of people affected globally by disasters. In line
with this, “Home Safe Home” became the slogan of the 2017 International Day for
Disaster Reduction, which further implies the importance of the family home as a safe
refuge in times of disaster. However, aside from the physical aspect, a safer home
can never be achieved without the active participation of families in disaster
preparedness.
During a large-scale natural or human-induced disaster, all resources will be
stretched to their limit and it will take some time for the government to respond to the
needs of all affected communities. The Republic Act No. 10121, otherwise known as
the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Law, states that the people
within the barangays are the first responders during the occurrence of disasters.
However, the widespread destruction can also delay responders even at the
barangay level. These responders can either become victims or will choose to attend
to the needs of their families first. It is also likely that they will gather their emergency
teams and consolidate their undamaged resources before they can actually respond.
With this in mind, the Center for Disaster Preparedness (CDP) emphasizes that
emergency preparedness begins at home. It calls all families in every barangay to
start preparing for any disaster. Furthermore, the organization urges families to
organize their members and develop their own plans to avoid confusion and
helplessness during emergencies. In accordance with the country’s bottom-up
approach, the family preparedness plans should also be based on the Barangay
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (BDRRMP).
According to Ms. Nikki Antonette De Vera, the Head of CDP’s Training and Capacity
Development Program:
“Safety starts at home. Filipinos are known for its strong family ties and these bonds
make a community. We are striving for the ideal that families are well-informed,
prepared and empowered to take action against disasters. With culture and good
practices in the household-level combined, we can be assured that this translates to
safety for all members of the family and community.”
As part of its advocacy, the organization also developed its own contingency plan and
encouraged its staff to prepare their own emergency go bags at home and create a
preparedness plan together with their families.
The following are the steps that can assist families in preparing for a wide range of
natural and human-induced disasters that could impact them and their communities:
Prepare an Emergency Go Bag
When preparing for a possible emergency situation, ensure that you have the
essential items necessary to sustain you and your family for three to four days. The
basic contents of an emergency go bag include drinking water, non-perishable and
easy to prepare food, flashlight, whistle, battery-powered radio, extra batteries, first
aid kit, sanitation and personal hygiene items, extra clothes and undergarments,
copies of personal documents, mobile phones with chargers, family and emergency
contact information, extra cash and other specific items needed by family members.
Create a Family Preparedness Plan
Members of one’s family may not be together when a disaster occurred, so it is
important to plan in advance. The plan can include how the family members will
contact one another, the designated meeting place and the tasks assigned to each
member.
Be Informed
There are specific actions for every hazard. Learn more about the potential
hazards in your community and the appropriate ways to respond to them. Moreover,
coordinate with your local government and with relevant national agencies for
established emergency plans in your area, other information as well as updates.
Get Involved
We encourage families to explore other ways they can contribute to the
enhancement of their community’s preparedness to disasters.
https://www.cdp.org.ph/news-1/2017/10/19/The-Role-of-Family-Preparedness-in-
Community-Resilience.Retrieved on May 21,2020
Generalization
What I have learned (Isaisip)
Complete the sentence stem below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
1.The family survival kit will help my family
by__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________because________________
____________________________________________________________________
2.I feel that my family survival kit and materials are___________________________
because_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Application
What I can do (Isagawa)
Your task is to discuss your suggestions with the Punong Barangay. Provide
documentation (Pictures) of your conversation. It is desirable also to follow-up the
action of your local leaders regarding your suggestions. Submit a summary of your
conversation in written format.
Additional Activities (Karagdagan Gawain)
Make a sketch that shows the different hazards in your community. The hazards may
include man-made (exm. Fire) or natural hazards (exm. Landslide prone, etc.). You have the
option to color your sketch using crayons etc., or use technology.
