Assignment#1 Solved
Assignment#1 Solved
T T T T T T
T F F T F F
F T F T T F
F F F F T T
EXERCISES 1.1.
In each case below, construct a truth table for the statement and find another
statement with at most one operator (∨, ∧, ¬, or →) that is logically equivalent.
a. (p → q) ∧ (p → ¬q)
p q p→q ¬q p→¬q (p→q)
∧(p→¬q)
T T T F F F
T F F T T F
F T T F T T
F F T T T T
b. p ∨ (p → q)
p q p→q p∨(p → q)
T T T T
T F F T
F T T T
F F T T
c. p ∧ (p → q)
p q p→q p∧ (p → q)
T T T T
T F F F
F T T F
F F T F
d. (p → q) ∧ (¬p → q)
p q (p → q) ¬p (¬p → q) (p →q) ∧
(¬p → q)
T T T F T T
T F F T F F
F T T F T T
F F T T F F
e. p ↔ (p ↔ q)
p q p↔q p↔(p↔q)
T T T T
T F F F
F T F T
F F T F
f. q ∧ (p → q)
p q (p → q) q ∧ (p → q)
T T T T
T F F T
F T T T
F F T T
a. p ∨ ¬(p → p)
P (p → p) ¬(p → p) p ∨ ¬(p → p)
T T F T
F T F T
b. p ∧ ¬(p → p)
P (p → p) ¬(p → p) p ∧ ¬(p → p)
T T F F
F T F F
c. p → ¬p
d. (p → ¬p) ∨ (¬p → p)
T F T T
F T F T
e. (p → ¬p) ∧ (¬p → p)
T F T F
F T F F
f. (p ∧ q) ∨ (¬p) ∨ (¬q)
p q (¬p) (¬q) (p ∧ q) (p ∧ q) ∨ (¬p)
∨ (¬q)
T T F F T T
T F F T F T
F T T F F T
F F T T F T
Problem-01:
Write the following English sentences in symbolic form-
1. If it rains, then I will stay at home.
2. If I will go to Australia, then I will earn more money.
3. He is poor but honest.
4. If a = b and b = c then a = c.
5. Neither it is hot nor cold today.
6. He goes to play a match if and only if it does not rain.
7. Birds fly if and only if sky is clear.
8. I will go only if he stays.
9. I will go if he stays.
10. It is false that he is poor but not honest.
11. It is false that he is poor or clever but not honest.
12. It is hot or else it is both cold and cloudy.
13. I will not go to class unless you come.
14. We will leave whenever he comes.
15. Either today is Sunday or Monday.
16. You will qualify GAT only if you work hard.
17. Presence of cycle in a single instance RAG is a necessary and sufficient condition
for deadlock.
18. Presence of cycle in a multi instance RAG is a necessary but not sufficient
condition for deadlock.
19. I will dance only if you sing.
20. Neither the red nor the green is available in size 5.
Solution-
Part-01:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “If it rains, then I will stay at home.”
• This sentence is of the form- “If p then q”.
Part-02:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “If I will go to Australia, then I will earn more money.”
• This sentence is of the form- “If p then q”.
Part-03:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “He is poor but honest.”
• We can replace “but” with “and”.
• Then, the sentence is- “He is poor and honest.”
Part-04:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “If a = b and b = c then a = c.”
• This sentence is of the form- “If p then q”.
Part-05:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “Neither it is hot nor cold today.”
• This sentence is of the form- “Neither p nor q”.
• “Neither p nor q” can be re-written as “Not p and Not q”.
Part-06:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “He goes to play a match if and only if it does not rain.”
• This sentence is of the form- “p if and only if q”.
Part-07:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “Birds fly if and only if sky is clear.”
• This sentence is of the form- “p if and only if q”.
Part-08:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “I will go only if he stays.”
• This sentence is of the form- “p only if q”.
Part-09:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “I will go if he stays.”
• This sentence is of the form- “q if p”.
Part-10:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “It is false that he is poor but not honest.”
• We can replace “but” with “and”.
• Then, the sentence is- “It is false that he is poor and not honest.”
Part-11:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “It is false that he is poor or clever but not honest.”
• We can replace “but” with “and”.
• Then, the sentence is- “It is false that he is poor or clever and not honest.”
Part-12:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “It is hot or else it is both cold and cloudy.”
• It can be re-written as- “It is hot or it is both cold and cloudy.”
We have-
• The given sentence is- “I will not go to class unless you come.”
• This sentence is of the form- “p unless q”.
Part-14:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “We will leave whenever he comes.”
• We can replace “whenever” with “if”.
• Then, the sentence is- “We will leave if he comes.”
• This sentence is of the form- “q if p”.
Part-15:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “Either today is Sunday or Monday.”
• It can be re-written as- “Today is Sunday or Monday.”
We have-
• The given sentence is- “You will qualify GAT only if you work hard.”
• This sentence is of the form- “p only if q”.
Part-17:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “Presence of cycle in a single instance RAG is a necessary
and sufficient condition for deadlock.”
• This sentence is of the form- “p is necessary and sufficient for q”.
Part-18:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “Presence of cycle in a multi instance RAG is a necessary
but not sufficient condition for deadlock.”
• This sentence is of the form- “p is necessary but not sufficient for q”.
We have-
• The given sentence is- “I will dance only if you sing.”
• This sentence is of the form- “p only if q”.
Part-20:
We have-
• The given sentence is- “Neither the red nor the green is available in size 5.”
• This sentence is of the form- “Neither p nor q”.
• “Neither p nor q” can be written as “Not p and Not q”.
Problem-02:
Solution-
p q p→q
F F T
F T T
T F F
T T T
Here,
• Row-2 states it is possible that you do not have a ticket and you can enter the
theater.
• However, it is not possible to enter a movie theater without ticket.
• Row-3 states it is not possible that you have a ticket and you do not enter the
theater.
• However, there might be a case possible when you have a ticket but do not enter the
theater.
• So, the truth table does not hold.
p q p→q
F F T
F T T
T F F
T T T