21st Century Literature from the

Philippines and the World

First Quarter- Module 3
Representative Texts and Authors from each Region (e.g.
engage in oral history research with focus on key
personalities from the students’ region/province/ town)
English – Grade 12
Supplementary Learning Material
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Identify representative texts and authors from each
region (e.g. engage in oral history research with focus on key personalities
from the students’ region/province/ town)

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

Writer: Shirley A. Magayanes
Content Editor: Mary Jane SP. Yoro
Language Editor: Clarissa P. Tibar
Layout and Design Editor: Jaypee G. Casipit
Cover Layout Artist: Nemesio S. Cancan Jr.,EDD
MANAGEMENT TEAM
OIC-SDS: Romela M. Cruz, CESE
CID Chief: Alyn G. Mendoza, PhDTE
SGOD Chief: Emma G. Arrubio
EPS-in-Charge: Ramon M. Belardo Jr.
EPS-LRMS: Ruby E. Baniqued, EDD

Department of Education – Schools Division Office, Mandaluyong

Office Address: Calbayog St. Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City
Telephone number: CID- 79552557
E-mail Address:[email protected] ● www.depedmandaluyong.org

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Handle this module with care. Use a separate sheet in answering the
exercises.
2. Read the directions carefully before doing each task.
3. Activities in this module can be done individually or with the help of your
teacher, home learning partner or knowledge source partner.
4. Finish this module for the intended week.
5. Return this module to the authorized person in charge of retrieval.
 1

21st Century
Literature
from the
Philippines
and the World

Name: ____________________ Grade/Section: _________ Date:____________

Quarter 1- Module No. 3: Representative Texts and Authors from Each

region (e.g. engage in oral history research with focus on key
personalities from the students’ region/province/ town)

Lesson 3: Poetry

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW:

After this module, you should be able to:

1. Familiarize with the nature, structure, and forms of poetry.

2. Appreciate the application of imagery in the text.
3. Respond critically to the poem a visual exhibit.  

OVERVIEW:
Poetry came from a greek term “poesis” which means “to create” or “to
make”. It is indeed a majestic form of literature for it manifests aesthetic
value relative to how carefully language is used by a certain poet. Mainly,
this is an art of communicating meanings, emotions, and values which leave
an effect or impact on its readers.

It evokes emotions, aspirations, conditions despite its shortness. This

can be delivered in both spoken and written forms. In addition, it mainly
considers the rhythmic and other tonal aspects which are perceived to be
intricate and complex. The creative use of these aspects may help in
establishing the beauty of poetry.

Reference: Baronda, Andrew John C. “Poetry:

Nature, Structure and Forms.”21 st Century Literature from
the Philippines and the World. pp.35

______________________________________________________________________________________________
MELC Q1 Week No. 3 Competency Code: EN12Lit-Ib-22
Competency: Identify representative texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral
history research with focus on key personalities from the students’
region/province/ town)
 2

WHAT I KNOW

Directions. Match the terms in column A with their definitions in Column B.

Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.

Column A Column B
B 1. Image A. The basic rhythmic structure of a line in
poetry.
A 2. Meter B. Represents appealing objects by using
figurative language.
E 3. Awit C. Words and phrases that go beyond the
literal meaning.
C 4. Figurative Language D. A game of creating witty versified in verse
D 5. Tigsikan E. Song existed in many in many forms
used for different purposes.
F. Tells on significant human experiences.

WHAT’ S IN (Review)

Direction. Write a short description for each period of Philippine Literature from
precolonial literature to contemporary literature. Write your answer below.

● Precolonial Period- Filipinos who lived before they were taken over by the Spanish left their mark o
American and
Precolonial
Spanish Japanese Postwar and
Period
Colonial Period Colonial Contemporary
Literature
their oral stories. The topic was always something that everyone in the village could relate
to, like getting food, seeing animals and other things in nature, working in the home, field,
forest, or sea, taking care of children, etc.
● Spanish Colonial Period- The Spanish language is where Philippine writing began.
Before the Spaniards came, the islands had a long history of writing, but it was the
Spaniards who started to print those tales and stories. This mixing of cultures led to the
writing of Rizal, who is the most famous Filipino author and a national hero.
● American and Japanese Colonial-
Japanese- During Japan's rule, Filipino writers stopped writing in English and
started writing in Filipino instead. The Japanese government hated the U.S. so
much that they did everything they could to turn the Filipinos against them. They
gave the Filipinos who were loyal to them a lot of money.
American- During the American Period, poetry, sarswela, short stories, and novels
all did well as forms of writing. Poetry was written in Filipino, Spanish, and
English, as well as in the different dialects of each language.

WHAT’ S NEW

______________________________________________________________________________________________
MELC Q1 Week No. 3 Competency Code: EN12Lit-Ib-22
Competency: Identify representative texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral
history research with focus on key personalities from the students’
region/province/ town)
 3

HISTORY OF POETRY

Philippine poetry traces its history to pre-hispanic times. It may be in a language

unintelligible to us today, however, poetry was already established as a literary form back
then. In fact, oral traditions like the awit, riddles, proverbs, and epics were practically in
poetry. However when the Spaniards came these major literary forms, using Baybayin,were
superseded with Spanish. For religious indoctrination, friars set to change Filipino oral
traditions,epic heroes were replaced with Jesus Christ. Thus, literature has become purely
religious like the Pasyon.

Most notable of the Filipino poets, Francisco Balagtas, a middle class educated in
Spanish system, clandestinely showcased the oppression and tyranny in the Philippines in
Florante at Laura. Another noteworthy contribution to literature are the poems of the
revolutionary Andres Bonifacio, whose patriotic poem titled Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa
reflects the cause and ideals he upholds.

The arrival of the Americans with its educational system has placed Philippine
poetry into a new phase of development. Filipinos learned not only the English language but
also poetic styles. During the era, many Filipinos excelled in literature especially poetry but
among them are Angela Manalang and Jose Garcia Villa who challenged the established
conventions on poetry writing, particularly its form and content. The latter even wrote a
poem titled LYRIC 17 dealing with what a poem should be like.

Reference: Sanchez, LJ A. etal. “ Tradition and Location: The Filipino Poem”. 21st Century
Literature from the Philippines pp. 4-7

WHAT IS IT

ACTIVITY NO.1: Responding to the Literary Text

Directions: Read the literary selection and respond critically to the following
questions to process the selection. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

______________________________________________________________________________________________
MELC Q1 Week No. 3 Competency Code: EN12Lit-Ib-22
Competency: Identify representative texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral
history research with focus on key personalities from the students’
region/province/ town)
 4

Mayon
By Kristian Sendon Cordero
(Camarines Sur)

Ayon sa alamat, lason ng pana ni Pagtuga,

Ang lumikha sa bulkan- libingan ito
ng dalagang namatay sa digmaan.

Ngayon, ang tutubo sa paanan ng Mayon

Gayon nagiging malawak na itong sementeryo
ng abo, ng tao. Manganganak na kaya ito?

Tinititigan ko ang nakangangang bulkan- binabalot

ng ulap at sariling usok amg tuktok, gatas sa labi.
Baka sakali, magpakita, nang may silbi ang kamera.

Sa ilang retrato na ibinebenta ng mga bata sa Cagsawa

Lusaw na tae ang nagliliyab na lava, dumadaloy pababa.
Matandang nangnganganga ayon naman sa isang makata.

Sa isang lumang postcard na nakita ko sa Antigo Merkado-

Kapag sa malayo, isa siyang magandang sikyung nakatanod,
Handa sa pagkapkap, naghihintay sa iyong pagpasok.

Reference: Sanchez, LJ A. etal. “ Tradition and Location: The Filipino Poem”.

21st Century Literature from the Philippines pp. 5-6

1. What does the title trying to imply? The tales of Mayon Volcano
2. How does the Mayon Volcano describe by the author based on his poem? Perfect
3. Can you picture out what Mayon look like based on the poem? What is the
importance of imagery in a poem? So the person can imagine what the poem
wants us to visualize
4. What other images found in the poem? Does the impression conveyed by the
image positive or negative? Explain.
5. What does the author try to imply in using security guard as the final image in
poem?

ACTIVITY NO.2: Let’s Do This…

Directions. With your siblings/relatives, write a free verse poem that describes your
community/ society. Then, draw the place being mentioned in the poem. Choose
who among the two of you will be the poet and the illustrator. Then, present your
work through online mode.

Grading Rubric
Criteria 1-Needs Improvement 2- Good 3- Very Good
Presentation The student mumbled; presented too The student had difficulty in pronouncing The student used a clear voice and there
slow or too fast and there is no proper words but there is a proper way of utilization is a proper way of utilization of ICT.
way of utilization of ICT. of ICT or vice versa.
Organization of There is no clear flow of ideas. Information is relevant; but is not organized. Information is relevant and presented in a
Ideas logical order.
Grammar/ There are many errors in grammar There are few errors in grammar and All grammar and spelling are correct.
Spelling and spelling. spelling.
Figurative There is no figurative language used There are few figurative language used in There are many figurative language used
Language in the within the poem. the within the poem. in the within the poem.

Tone / Mood Tone and mood of the poem is Tone and mood of the poem is somewhat Tone or mood of the poem is completely
somewhat clear, but inconsistent. clear, but inconsistent. clear and consistent with the context of the

______________________________________________________________________________________________
MELC Q1 Week No. 3 Competency Code: EN12Lit-Ib-22
Competency: Identify representative texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral
history research with focus on key personalities from the students’
region/province/ town)
 5

poem.
Illustration The image is not clear and does not The image is clear; but does not being The image is clear and being described by
being described in the poem. described in the poem. the poem.
Score, Comments
and Suggestions

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: The poem shows the landmark of Bicol region. Now, research into other famous
cultural feature of your region via visual presentation (drawing or printed) and write a short
background about the place. Then, research one of the famous poems in your province and
give a short description of the author. Use short bond paper for this activity.

Criteria 1 – Needs improvement 2- Good 3- Very Good

Contents Does not capture a balance perspective of Some of the contents did not All contents were
the region. present a balance view of the both balanced
negative and positive perspective.

Visual Visuals had no clear about the cultural Some capture the intended narrative All visual are clear.
features of the selected region. of cultural features of selected
region.
Organization The work is not organized The work is somewhat organized The work is
organized.

ASSESSMENT (Post Test)

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer that corresponds to the
statement.
1. Which of the following is the meaning of the term “poeis”? A
A. to create C. to rhyme
B. to feel D. to understand
2. Which of the following style learned during the American period and became known
to the poets? A
A. Allegory C. Free Verse
B. Dramatic Poetry D. Narrative Poetry
3. Which of the following refers to a game of creating witty versified in verse? C
A. awit C. tigsikan
B.riddle D. zarzuela
4. Which of the following is TRUE about Bicol Literature? B
A. Bikolano literature is known as to their “Bannawag Magazine”
B. Bikol writers adopted forms of literature for their own enjoyment.
C. Bikol Literature is perhaps a case in point where the writes are indeed
struggling

______________________________________________________________________________________________
MELC Q1 Week No. 3 Competency Code: EN12Lit-Ib-22
Competency: Identify representative texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral
history research with focus on key personalities from the students’
region/province/ town)
 6

D. Bikol Literature features corridor and comedia and become a metered

romance and the latter being played and performed to the local
audience.
5. Which of the following story of creation that led to the existing of Mayon Volcano? D
A. Si Malakas at si Maganda
B. On the Origin of the Earth and Man
C. The Legend of Daragang Magayon
D. The Creation of the World

REFERENCES:

Alonzo R I., Flores E. R., and Tayao, M. G. (2017).21st Century Literature

from the Philippines and the World. .Quezon City: C&E Publishing Inc.

Baronda, Andrew John C. (2016).21st Century Literature from the

Philippine and the World. Pasay City: JFS Publishing Services

Sanchez, L. A.,et.al. (2019) 21st Century Literature from the Philippine

and the World. Quezon City: Vibal Group Inc.

______________________________________________________________________________________________
MELC Q1 Week No. 3 Competency Code: EN12Lit-Ib-22
Competency: Identify representative texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral
history research with focus on key personalities from the students’
region/province/ town)
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division Office-

Mandaluyong

Calbayog Street, Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City 1500

Telefax: (632) 79552557

Email Address:
[email protected]
●www.depedmandaluyong.org