Pre-Calculus

Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Standard Form of the Equation
of an Ellipse
Pre-Calculus
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 7: Standard Form of the Equation of an Ellipse
First Edition, 2020

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 Pre-Calculus
Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Standard Form of the Equation
of an Ellipse
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Pre-Calculus for Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module
on Standard Form of the Equation of an Ellipse!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
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In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Pre-Calculus Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Standard Form of the Equation of an Ellipse!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
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This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
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What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

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into real life situations or concerns.

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 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
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not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the concepts of standard form of the equation of an ellipse. In our previous module,
you have learned to identify the parts of an ellipse given the equation and graph of
an ellipse. You also familiarized yourself with the parts of an ellipse and its definition.
In this module, you will be learning how to determine the standard form of the
equation of an ellipse given the general form and vice versa. Identifying the key
features of an ellipse given the general form and standard form of an ellipse, and
certain conditions are also essential concepts that you will be learning in this
module.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify parts of an ellipse given specific conditions.
2. Determine the standard form and general form of the equation of an ellipse.
3. Transform standard form from general form of the equation of an ellipse and
vice versa.
4. Graph an ellipse centered at the origin and (h, k)
5. Realize the significant value of ellipse into real-life situation.

What I Know

Direction: Read and understand carefully each statement. Choose the letter of the
best answer.

1. What is the standard form of the equation of an ellipse whose center is at (ℎ, 𝑘)?
𝑥2 𝑦2 (𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
A. 2 + 2 =1 C. 2 + 2 =1
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
𝑥2 𝑦2 (𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
B. − =1 D. − =1
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑎2 𝑏2

Use the equation of the ellipse 4x2 + 49y2 – 196 = 0 in answering items number 2 - 5

2. Find the center of the equation of the ellipse.

A. (7, 0) C. (7, 2)
B. (0, 7) D. (0, 0)

3. Where does the vertices of the ellipse be located?

A. (0, –2), (0, 2) C. (–2, 0), (2, 0)
B. (0, –7), (0, 7) D. (–7, 0), (7, 0)

4. What are the coordinates of the foci?

A. (–2, 0), (2, 0) C. (–15, 0), (15, 0)

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 B. (–7, 0), (7, 0) D. (–3√5, 0), (3√5, 0)

5. Which of the following equations represent the standard form of the equation of
an ellipse?
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A. + =1 C. + =1
7 2 49 4
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
B. + =1 D. + =1
2 7 4 49

Use the given equation of the ellipse in answering items number 6 - 9.

9x2 + 16y2 – 36x – 64y - 44 = 0

6. What are the coordinates of the center of the ellipse?

A. (-2, -2) C. (2, 2)
B. (4, 4) D. (-4, -4)

7. What are the coordinates of the vertices of the ellipse?

A. (6, 2) & (-2, 2) C. (2, -2) & (-6, -2)
B. (2, 2) & (6, 2) D. (8, 4) & (0, 4)

8. Which of the following is the graph of the ellipse.

A. C.

B. D.

9. Which of the following equations represents the standard form of the equation of
an ellipse?
(𝑥−4)2 (𝑦−4)2 (𝑥−2)2 (𝑦−2)2
A. + =1 C. + =1
9 16 16 9

(𝑥−4)2 (𝑦−4)2 (𝑥−2)2 (𝑦−2)2

B. + =1 D. + =1
9 16 9 16

Use this condition in answering items number 10 – 12.

The foci of an ellipse have coordinates (0, -4) and (0, 4) with center at the
origin and the length of the major axis is 10.

10. If the length of the major axis is 10 then what is the length of the minor axis?

A. 10 C. 8

B. 6 D. 4

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11. What are the coordinates of the vertices?

A. (0, -3) & (0, 3) C. (3, 0) & (-3, 0)

B. (0, -5) & (0, 5) D. (-5, 0) & (5, 0)

12. What is the standard form of the equation of an ellipse?

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A. + =1 C. + =1
9 25 25 9

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
B. + =1 D. + =1
9 16 16 9

Use the given equation of an ellipse in answering items number 13 - 15

(𝒙 − 𝟓)𝟐 (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐
+ =𝟏
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟑𝟔
13. Based on the given equation of an ellipse, where does the center located?

A. (-5, 2) C. (5, -2)

B. (-5, -2) D. (5, 2)

14. What are the coordinates of the foci?

A. (13, -2) & (-3, -2) C. (5, 6) & (5, -10)

B. (11, -2) & (-1, -2) D. (5, 4) & ( 5, -8)

15. Which of the following graphs, represent the graph of the standard form of the
equation of an ellipse?

A. C.

B. D.

3
 Lesson Standard Form of the
1 Equation of an Ellipse
Center at the Origin
Ellipse is a type of conic sections that is being applied in science like when we
talk about atoms, satellites and planet orbits. On the other hand, ellipse has also
applications into real-life situations such as the design of the plate. Most of the
restaurants preferred to utilize this kind of plate specially for those customers who
preferred to order in a platter way. There is also an elliptical shape when we cut some
vegetables like carrots, potatoes and cucumber. Moreover, the design of a door as
shown in the figure below also illustrates an ellipse in which it adds an elegant design
of the door. Likewise, in making a logo of different businesses in which they preferred
an elliptical shape instead of circular like the logo of Razon.

Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2 Figure 1.3

What’s In

Let’s Recall the Parts of an Ellipse

Direction: Identify the parts, orientation, and standard form of the equation of an
ellipse given its graph.

Standard Form of
1 the Equation of an
2 Ellipse

6
3

4
 7 Standard Form of
the Equation of an
8 Ellipse

9 12

10

11

Guide Questions:

1. When are you going to say that the standard form of the equation of an
ellipse is oriented horizontally? Vertically?
2. What did you observe in comparing the same parts of an ellipse in a
horizontal and vertical view?

Before we proceed on the next part, let’s have a recap and check if your answer
in our previous activity is correct.

Orientation Vertex at the Origin

Horizontal 𝒙𝟐
+
𝒚𝟐
=𝟏
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐

Vertical 𝒙 𝟐 𝒚𝟐
+ =𝟏
𝒃𝟐 𝒂𝟐

Note: We can easily determine the orientation by comparing the denominators of the
two fractions, if the higher denominator is on x2 then the orientation is horizontal
and if the higher denominator is on y2 then the orientation is vertical.

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 Parts Definition
Center This can be at the origin or (h, k). This is middle inner most
C part of an ellipse.
Vertices The vertices are the parts on the ellipse, collinear with
(V1 & V2) center and foci. Each vertex is a unit/s away from the
center. The length of the endpoints of the vertices is called
the major axis.
Co-Vertices Each co-vertex is b unit/s away from the center. The length
(W1 & W2) of the endpoints of the co-vertices is called the minor axis.
Foci (F1 & F2) Each focus is c unit/s away from the center.

What’s New

Possibility of Patterns
Direction: Complete the table by identifying the values of a, b and c, orientation, and
coordinates of center, vertices, co-vertices and foci given its graph and standard form
of the equation of an ellipse.

Standard Form of
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
the Equation of an + =1 + =1
25 16 144 169
Ellipse

Graph

a
b
c
Orientation
Coordinate of
Center
Coordinates of
Vertices
Coordinates of Co-
Vertices
Coordinates of
Foci

6
Guide Questions

1. By just looking on the standard form of the equation of an ellipse, how will
you get the value of a and b?
2. Observed the values of a, b and c, how will you find the value of c given the
values of a and b?
3. What did you observe on the coordinates of the center of the standard form of
the equation of an ellipse?
4. What is the pattern that you observed on how to identify the coordinates of
the following parts of an ellipse when it is oriented horizontally;
4.1. Vertices;
4.2. Co-Vertices; and
4.3. Foci?
5. What is the pattern that you observed on how to identify the coordinates of
the following parts of an ellipse when it is oriented vertically;
5.1. Vertices;
5.2. Co-Vertices; and
5.3. Foci?

What is It

When the plane figure is tilted and cut only one cone to form a bounded curve
then it generates an ELLIPSE. To find the values of a and b, just only get the square
root of the values representing a2 and b2. Moreover, to find the value of c, we need to
apply the formula c2 = a2 - b2.

Patterns in Finding Parts of an Ellipse

Parts Vertex at the Origin

Orientation: Horizontal
Center C: (0, 0)
Vertices V1:(a, 0) & V2: (-a, 0)
Co-Vertices W1:(0, b) & W2: (0, -b)
Foci F1:(c, 0) & F2: (-c, 0)
Orientation: Vertical
Center C: (0, 0)
Vertices V1:(0, a) & V2: (0, -a)
Co-Vertices W1:(b, 0) & W2: (-b, 0)
Foci F1:(0, c) & F2: (0, -c)

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Illustrative Examples

Direction: Determine the standard form of the equation of an ellipse and identify its
parts. After identifying, plot the coordinates of its parts and graph the standard form
of the equation of an ellipse.
1. 289x2 + 64y2 – 18496 = 0
Solution: First, transform the general form of the equation of an ellipse into
standard form.

289x2 + 64y2 – 18496 = 0 Write the general form of the equation of an ellipse.
289x2 + 64y2 = 18496 Transpose -18496 to the other side of the equation.
𝐱𝟐 𝐲𝟐
+ =𝟏 Divide both sides of the equation by 18496.
𝟔𝟒 𝟐𝟖𝟗

𝐱𝟐 𝐲𝟐
Therefore, the standard form of the equation of an ellipse is + = 𝟏.
𝟔𝟒 𝟐𝟖𝟗

Second, determine the orientation of the equation of an ellipse. Since the higher
denominator is 289 which is below y 2 therefore the orientation is vertical. Third,
identify the values of a, b and c.

a2 = 289 → a = 17 b2 = 64 → b = 8

To find c, use the formula c 2 = a2 − b2 .

c 2 = a2 − b2

c 2 = 289 − 64

c 2 = 225 → c = 15
Since the orientation is vertical, center is at the origin and the values of a, b and
c are 17, 8, and 15 consecutively therefore by substituting this to the given pattern
we can identify the parts of an ellipse.

Parts Plotting Pattern

Plot the center at the
Center (0, 0)
origin.
Graph
From the center count
V1:(0, a) & V2: (0, -a)
17 units (value of a)
Vertices V1:(0, 17) & V2: (0, -
upward and downward
17)
to locate the vertices.
From the center count
W1:(b, 0) & W2: (-b, 0)
Co- 8 units (value of b)
W1:(8, 0) & W2: (-8,
Vertices right and left to locate
0)
the co-vertices.
From the center count
F1:(0, c) & F2: (0, -c)
15 units (value of c)
Foci F1:(0, 15) & F2: (0, -
upward and downward
15)
to locate the foci.

8
2. 4x2 + 9y2 – 36 = 0
Solution: First, transform the general form of the equation of an ellipse into
standard form.

4x2 + 9y2 – 36 = 0 Write the general form of the equation of an ellipse.

4x2 + 9y2 = 36 Transpose -36 to the other side of the equation.

𝐱𝟐 𝐲𝟐
+ =𝟏 Divide both sides of the equation by 36.
𝟗 𝟒

𝐱𝟐 𝐲𝟐
Therefore, the standard form of the equation of an ellipse is + = 𝟏.
𝟗 𝟒

Second, determine the orientation of the equation of an ellipse. Since the higher
denominator is 9 which is below x2 therefore the orientation is horizontal. Third,
identify the values of a, b and c.

a2 = 9 → a = 3 b2 = 4 → b = 2

To find c, use the formula c 2 = a2 − b2 .

c 2 = a2 − b2

c2 = 9 − 4

c 2 = 5 → c = √5
Since the orientation is horizontal, center is at the origin and the values of a, b
and c are 3, 2, and √5 consecutively therefore by substituting this to the given
pattern we can identify the parts of an ellipse.

Parts Plotting Pattern

Plot the center at the
Center (0, 0)
origin. Graph
From the center count 3 V1:(a, 0) & V2: (-a,
units (value of a) right 0)
Vertices
and left to locate the V1:(3, 0) & V2: (-
vertices. 3, 0)
From the center count 2 W1:(0, b) & W2:
Co- units (value of b) (0, -b)
Vertices upward and downward W1:(0, 2) & W2:
to locate the co-vertices. (0, -2)
From the center count F1:(c, 0) & F2: (-c,
√5 units (value of c) 0)
Foci
right and left to locate F1:( √𝟓, 0) & F2:
the foci. (−√𝟓, 0)

3. Find the parts of an ellipse whose center at the origin, vertical major axis of
length 10 and minor axis of 6.
Solution: Since the length of the major axis (2a) is 10 therefore a = 5.
Likewise, the length of the minor axis (2b) is 6 therefore b = 3.
To find c, use the formula c 2 = a2 − b2 .

c 2 = a2 − b2

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 c 2 = 25 − 9

c 2 = 16 → c = 4
Since the orientation is vertical, center is at the origin and the values of a, b
and c are 5, 3, and 4 consecutively therefore by substituting this to the given
pattern we can identify the parts of an ellipse.

Parts Plotting Pattern

Plot the center at the
Center (0, 0)
origin.
From the center count 5
units (value of a) upward V1:(0, a) & V2: (0, -a)
Vertices
and downward to locate V1:(0, 5) & V2: (0, -5)
the vertices.
From the center count 3
units (value of b) right W1:(b, 0) & W2: (-b, 0)
Co-Vertices
and left to locate the co- W1:(3, 0) & W2: (-3, 0)
vertices.
From the center count 4
units (value of c) upward F1:(0, c) & F2: (0, -c)
Foci
and downward to locate F1:(0, 4) & F2: (0, -4)
the foci.
Standard Form of the Equation of an Ellipse:
x2 y2
+ =1 Use the formula for standard form of the equation of an
𝑏2 𝑎2
ellipse oriented vertically.
x2 y2
+ =1 Substitute the values of a and b.
32 52
𝐱𝟐 𝐲𝟐
+ =𝟏 Simplify 32 = 9 and 52 = 25.
𝟗 𝟐𝟓

General Form of the Equation of of an Ellipse:

x2 y2
+ =1 Write the standard form of the equation of an ellipse.
9 25

25x2 + 9y2 = 225 Multiply the equation by the LCD (225).

25x2 + 9y2 – 225= 0 Transpose 225 to the other side and equate this by 0.

Graph:

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 What’s More

What’s in the Graph?

Direction: Determine the standard form of the equation of an ellipse and identify its
parts. After identifying, plot the coordinates of its parts and graph the equations in
one rectangular coordinate system then determine what picture is in the graph.

General Form of the

9x2 + 81y2 – 729 = 0 121x2 + 16y2 – 1936 = 0
Equation of an Ellipse
Standard Form of the
Equation of an Ellipse
a
b
c
Orientation
Coordinate of
Center
Coordinates of
Vertices
Coordinates of Co-
Vertices
Coordinates of
Foci

11
 Lesson Standard Form of the
2 Equation of an Ellipse
Center at (h, k)
In our previous lesson, you learned how to determine the standard form of the
equation of an ellipse whose center is at the origin. Moreover, you have also gained
insights on how to identify the parts of an ellipse and construct its graph. In this
lesson, you will be able to explore your understanding of an ellipse whose center is
at (h, k). The prerequisite skills that you need to apply in learning this lesson are
factoring using completing the squares, simplifying square of a binomial and plotting
points with radical sign.

What’s In

Quadratic Equations Using Completing the Squares

Direction: Solve the following quadratic equations using completing the squares.

1. x2 + 20x + 28 = 0
2. y2 – 16x + 62 = 0
3. 10x2 – 60x + 20 = 0
4. 9y2 + 72y – 99 = 0
5. 3x2 + 18x – 24 = 0
Before proceeding on the next part of this lesson, it is essential that you need to
master this skill so that you can easily determine the standard form of the equation
of an ellipse whose center is at (h, k). If you get at least 3 correct answers, then you
can proceed to the next part but if you get at most 2 correct answers then you need
to study the discussion below.

10x2 – 60x + 20 = 0 Write the expression.

Factor the two terms with variable using common
10(x2 – 6x) = -20
monomial factoring and transpose 15 to the other side.
Add the squared of the half of the middle term which is 6
inside the parenthesis. So, half of 6 is 3 then get the
10(x2-6x+9) =
squared of 3 and that is 9. Add that number multiplied by
-20+90
the number outside the parenthesis to the other side of the
equation.
Factor the expression using perfect square trinomial and
10(x – 2)2 = 70
simplify the values on the other side of the equation.
(x – 2)2 = 7 Divide both sides of the equation by 10.
Squaring both sides of the equation and transpose -2 to the
x = 2±√7
other side of the equation.

12
 What’s New

Transformation of Elliptical Graphs

Direction: Identify the parts and construct the graph of the standard form of the
equation of an ellipse whose center is at the origin. After this, transform the graph
base on the condition and identify the parts of the transformed elliptical graph.

2. Transform 4. Transform
the elliptical the elliptical
graph in graph in
Standard Form of number 1 by number 3 by
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
the Equation of an 1. + =1 moving the 3. + =1 moving the
9 25 169 144
Ellipse graph 3 units graph 2 units
upward and downward
4 units to the and 1 unit to
left. the right.
a
b
c
Orientation
Coordinate of
Center
Coordinates of
Vertices
Coordinates of Co-
Vertices
Coordinates of
Foci
Note: Use the center as basis of transforming the elliptical graphs.

Compare the coordinates of each part of the standard form of the equation of an
ellipse whose center is at the origin to each part of a transformed elliptical graphs.
Try to look on patterns on how to find the parts of standard form of the equation of
transformed elliptical graphs.

What is It

In our previous lesson, you have learned the standard form of the equation of an
ellipse whose center is at the origin. However, the center of an ellipse can also be
located at (h, k). In our previous activity, we have shown how the graph of an ellipse
whose center is at the origin being transformed into another position wherein the

13
center is at (h, k). The table below shows the pattern in identifying parts of an ellipse
whose center is at (h, k)

Parts Vertex at (h, k)

Orientation: Horizontal
Center C: (h, k)
Vertices V1:(h+a, k) & V2: (h-a, k)
Co-Vertices W1:(h, k+b) & W2: (0, k-b)
Foci F1:(h+c, k) & F2: (h-c, k)
Orientation: Vertical
Center C: (h, k)
Vertices V1:(h, k+a) & V2: (h, k-a)
Co-Vertices W1:(h+b, k) & W2: (h-b, k)
Foci F1:(h, k+c) & F2: (h, k-c)

Illustrative Examples

Direction: Determine the standard form of the equation of an ellipse and identify its
parts. After identifying, plot the coordinates of its parts and graph the standard form
of the equation of an ellipse.

1. 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝐱 𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝐲𝟐 − 𝟏𝟏𝟓𝟐𝐱 − 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝐲 − 𝟏𝟏𝟔𝟗𝟔 = 𝟎

Solution: First, transform the general form of the equation of an ellipse into
standard form.

144x2 + 100y2 – 1152x – 400y – 11696 = 0 Write the general form of the equation
of an ellipse
144x2 – 1152x + 100y2 – 400y = 11696 Combine like terms

144(x2 – 8x) + 100(y2 – 4y) = 11696 Factor like terms using common
monomial factoring
144(x2 – 8x + 16) + 100(y2 – 4y + 4) = 11696 + 144(16) + 100(4)

Use completing the squares for (x2 – 8x) and (y2 – 4y)

144(x – 4)2 + 100(y – 2)2 = 14400 Factor the expressions in the

parenthesis
(𝐱−𝟒)𝟐 (𝐲−𝟐)𝟐
+ =𝟏 Divide both sides by 14400
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟒𝟒

(𝐱−𝟒)𝟐 (𝐲−𝟐)𝟐
Therefore, the standard form of the equation of an ellipse is + = 𝟏.
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟒𝟒

Second, determine the orientation of the equation of an ellipse. Since the higher
denominator is 144 which is below y 2 therefore the orientation is vertical. Third,
identify the values of a, b and c.

a2 = 144 → a = 12 b2 = 100 → b = 10

To find c, use the formula c 2 = a2 − b2 .

c 2 = a2 − b2

c 2 = 144 − 100

14
 c 2 = 44 → c = 2√11~ 6.63
Since the orientation is vertical, center is at the (4, 2) and the values of a, b and
c are 12, 10, and 2√11~ 6.63 consecutively therefore by substituting this to the
given pattern we can identify the parts of an ellipse.

Parts Plotting Pattern

Plot the center at the (4,
Center (4, 2)
2)
From the center count
V1:(h, k+a) & V2: (h, k-a)
12 units (value of a)
Vertices V1:(4, 2+12) & V2: (4, 2-12)
upward and downward
V1:(4, 14) & V2: (4, -10)
to locate the vertices.
From the center count
W1:(h+b, k) & W2: (h-b, k)
10 units (value of b)
Co-Vertices W1:(4+10, 2) & W2: (4-10, 2)
right and left to locate
W1:(14, 2) & W2: (-6, 2)
the co-vertices.
From the center count
F1:(h, k+c) & F2: (h, k-c)
2√11~ 6.63 units (value
F1:(4, 2+𝟐√𝟏𝟏) & F2: (4, 2-
Foci of c) upward and
𝟐√𝟏𝟏) or
downward to locate the
F1:(4, 8.63) & F2: (4, -4.63)
foci.
Graph:

2. 𝟏𝟑𝐱 𝟐 + 𝟒𝟗𝐲 𝟐 + 𝟐𝟔𝐱 − 𝟐𝟗𝟒𝐲 − 𝟏𝟖𝟑 = 𝟎

Solution: First, transform the general form of the equation of an ellipse into
standard form.

13x2 + 49y2 + 26x – 294y – 183 = 0 Write the general form of the equation
of an ellipse
13x2 + 26x + 49y2 – 294y = 183 Combine like terms

13(x2 + 2x) + 49(y2 – 6y) = 183 Factor like terms using common
monomial factoring
13(x2 + 2x + 1) + 49(y2 – 6y + 9) = 183 + 13(1) + 49(9)

Use completing the squares for (x2 + 2x) and (y2 – 6y)

13(x + 1)2 + 49(y – 3)2 = 637 Factor the expressions in the

parenthesis
(𝐱+𝟏)𝟐 (𝐲−𝟑)𝟐
+ =𝟏 Divide both sides by 637
𝟒𝟗 𝟏𝟑

(𝐱+𝟏)𝟐 (𝐲−𝟑)𝟐
Therefore, the standard form of the equation of an ellipse is + = 𝟏.
𝟒𝟗 𝟏𝟑

15
Second, determine the orientation of the equation of an ellipse. Since the higher
denominator is 49 which is below x2 therefore the orientation is horizontal. Third,
identify the values of a, b and c.

a2 = 49 → a = 7 b2 = 13 → b = √13 ~ 3.61

To find c, use the formula c 2 = a2 − b2 .

c 2 = a2 − b2

c 2 = 49 − 13

c 2 = 36 → c = 6
Since the orientation is horizontal, center is at the (-1, 3) and the values of a, b
and c are 7, √13 ~ 3.61, and 6 consecutively therefore by substituting this to the
given pattern we can identify the parts of an ellipse.

Parts Plotting Pattern

Plot the center at the (-
Center (-1, 3)
1, 3).
From the center count
V1:(h+a, k) & V2: (h-a, k)
7 units (value of a)
Vertices V1:(-1+7, 3) & V2: (-1-7, 3)
right and left to locate
V1:(6, 3) & V2: (-8, 3)
the vertices.
From the center count
W1:(h, k+b) & W2: (0, k-b)
√13 ~ 3.61 units (value W1:(-1, 3+√𝟏𝟑) & W2: (-1, 3-
Co-Vertices of b) upward and
downward to locate the √𝟏𝟑) or
W1:(-1, 6.61) & W2: (-1, -0.61)
co-vertices.
From the center count
F1:(h+c, k) & F2: (h-c, k)
6 units (value of c)
Foci F1:(-1+6, 3) & F2: (-1-6, 3)
right and left to locate
F1:(5, 3) & F2: (-7, 3)
the foci.
Graph:

3. Find the parts of an ellipse whose major axis has length of 50 and foci 7
units left and right of the center (-3, 4).
Solution: Since the length of the major axis (2a) is 50 therefore a = 25.
Likewise, the foci have length 7 units left and right therefore c = 7. Since the
foci are counted left and right of the center therefore the orientation is
horizontal.
To find b, use the formula b2 = a2 − c 2 .

b2 = a 2 − c 2

b2 = 625 − 49

16
 b2 = 576 → b = 24
Since the orientation is horizontal, center is at the (-3, 4) and the values of a,
b and c are 25, 24, and 7 consecutively therefore by substituting this to the
given pattern we can identify the parts of an ellipse.

Parts Plotting Pattern

Plot the center at the (-
Center (-3, 4)
3, 4).
From the center count
V1:(h+a, k) & V2: (h-a, k)
25 units (value of a)
Vertices V1:(-3+25, 4) & V2: (-3-25, 4)
left and right to locate
V1:(22, 4) & V2: (-28, 4)
the vertices.
From the center count
24 units (value of b) W1:(h, k+b) & W2: (0, k-b)
Co-Vertices upward and downward W1:(-3, 4+24) & W2: (-3, 4-24)
to locate the co- W1:(-3, 28) & W2: (-3, -20)
vertices.
From the center count
F1:(h+c, k) & F2: (h-c, k)
7 units (value of c) left
Foci F1:(-3+7, 4) & F2: (-3-7, 4)
and right to locate the
F1:(4, 4) & F2: (-10, 4)
foci.
Standard Form of the Equation of an Ellipse:

(𝐱−𝐡)𝟐 (𝐲−𝐡)𝟐
+ =𝟏 Write the standard form of the equation of an ellipse
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐

(𝐱−(−𝟑))𝟐 (𝐲−𝟒)𝟐
+ = 𝟏 Substitute the values of h, k, a and b.
𝟐𝟓𝟐 𝟐𝟒𝟐

(𝐱+𝟑)𝟐 (𝐲−𝟒)𝟐
+ =𝟏 Simplify the values with parenthesis and squared.
𝟔𝟐𝟓 𝟓𝟕𝟔

General Form of the Equation of of an Ellipse:

(x+3)2 (y−4)2
+ =1 Write the standard form of the equation of an ellipse.
625 576
576(x + 6x + 9) + 625 (y 2 − 8y + 16) = 360,000
2

Multiply the equation by the LCD (360,000) and expand

the square of binomial.
576x + 3456x + 5184 + 625y 2 − 5000y + 10000 − 360,000 = 0
2

Distribute 576 and 625 inside the parenthesis and

transpose 360,000 to the other side.
𝟓𝟕𝟔𝐱 𝟐 + 𝟔𝟐𝟓𝐲 𝟐 + 𝟑𝟒𝟓𝟔𝐱 − 𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎𝐲 − 𝟑𝟒𝟒, 𝟖𝟏𝟔 = 𝟎
Use the pattern of general form of the equation of an
ellipse in arranging the terms.

Graph:

17
 What’s More

It is a surgery-free method of destroying a kidney stone

that uses the properties of the ellipse’s two foci.
Direction: To find the answer, find the parts of an ellipse given the standard general
form of its equation. Write the corresponding letter on the box above the correct
answer in the decoder.
(𝒙−𝟕)𝟐 (𝒚+𝟐)𝟐
1. + =𝟏
𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟔

Orientation:

Letter Parts Answer

I Center
O Vertices
Y Co-Vertices
T Foci
U General Form of
the Equation of
an Ellipse
Graph:

2. 4x2 + y2 – 8x + 6y + 9 = 0

Orientation:

Letter Parts Answer

L Center
E Vertices
P Co-Vertices
M Foci
H Standard Form
of the Equation
of an Ellipse
Graph:

18
 3. 81x2 + 4y2 – 162x + 16y – 227 = 0

Orientation:

Letter Parts Answer

A Center
S Vertices
N Co-Vertices
R Foci
B Standard Form
of the Equation
of an Ellipse
Graph:

(10,-2) 𝑥2 𝑦2 (12, -2) (10,-2) (1,-2+√77) (2, -3)& (1,7) & (7,2) &
(1,-3) (7, -2) + =1 (7, -2)
& (4, -2) 4 9 & (2, -2) & (4, -2) (1,-2-√77) (0, -3) (1, -11) (7, -6)

(10,-2) & (1,-2+√77) (1, 1) & (10,-2) & (1, -3+√3) (1, 1) & (3, -2) & (10,-2) &
(1, -2)
(4, -2) (1,-2-√77) (1, -5) (4, -2) (1, -3-√3) (1, -5) (-1, -2) (4, -2)

What I Have Learned

In this module, you learned two lessons that focused on standard form of the
equation of an ellipse whose center is at the origin and (h, k). Now, write at least 4
sentences about the essential learning that you gained in this module.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

19
 What I Can Do

Apply, Measure and Design

Direction: Do the indicated task individually. Apply the concepts you gained in this
module in doing this performance task.

1. Capture 1 elliptical object that you can see inside your house.
2. Trace that in a rectangular cartesian plane with 1-centimeter distance
from each number.
3. Locate the center of an elliptical object and place the center at the
origin.
4. Be creative in designing an elliptical object in rectangular cartesian
plane.
5. Determine the standard form of the equation of an elliptical object and
identify its parts.
6. Find the area of an elliptical object by applying this formula A = a*b.
Use an illustration board following the format below.

Rubrics

Needs
Category Excellent Very Satisfactory Satisfactory
Improvement

100% of the 80 -99% of the 60-79% of the Below 60% of

Content-
solutions are correct. solutions are solutions are the solutions
Accuracy (20)
(20) correct (17) correct (14) are correct (11)

Output is Output is
Presentation of Output is Output is
exceptionally acceptably
Output attractive in terms distractingly
attractive in terms of attractive though
of design, layout messy and not
(15) design, layout and it may be a bit
and neatness (13) attractive (9)
neatness (15) messy (11)

Mathematical Limited
Complete Substantial Partial
Content/ understanding
understanding of the understanding of understanding of
Reasoning of the
mathematical the mathematical the mathematical
mathematical
concepts is evident in concepts is concepts is
(15) concepts is
the presentation. (15) applied. (13) applied. (11)
applied. (9)

20
 Assessment

Direction: Read and understand carefully each statement. Choose the letter of the
best answer.

1. What is the standard form of the equation of an ellipse whose center is at origin?
𝑥2 𝑦2 (𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
A. + 2 =1 C. + 2 =1
𝑎2 𝑏 𝑎2 𝑏
𝑥2 𝑦2 (𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
B. − 2 =1 D. − 2 =1
𝑎2 𝑏 𝑎2 𝑏

Use the equation of the ellipse 36x2 + 100y2 – 3600 = 0 in answering items number
2-5

2. Find the center of the equation of the ellipse.

A. (7, 0) C. (7, 2)
B. (0, 7) D. (0, 0)

3. Where does the vertices of the ellipse be located?

A. (0, –6), (0, 6) C. (–6, 0), (6, 0)
B. (0, –10), (0, 10) D. (–10, 0), (10, 0)

4. What are the coordinates of the foci?

A. (–6, 0), (6, 0) C. (–8, 0), (8, 0)
B. (-64, 0), (64, 0) D. (–36, 0), (36, 0)

5. Which of the following equations represent the standard form of the equation of
an ellipse?
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A. + =1 C. + =1
100 36 6 10
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥 2 𝑦2
B. + =1 D. + =1
36 100 10 6

Use the given equation of the ellipse in answering items number 6 - 9.

21x2 + 25y2 – 84x – 150y - 216 = 0

6. What are the coordinates of the center of the ellipse?

A. (2, 3) C. (-2, 3)
B. (-2, -3) D. (2, -3)

7. What are the coordinates of the vertices of the ellipse?

A. (4, 3) & (0, 3) C. (7, 3) & (-3, 3)
B. (-4, -3) & (0, -3) D. (-7, -3) & (0, -3)

8. Which of the following is the graph of the ellipse.

21
 A. C.

B. D.

9. Which of the following equations represents the standard form of the equation of
an ellipse?
(𝑥+2)2 (𝑦+3)2 (𝑥+2)2 (𝑦+3)2
A. + =1 C. + =1
25 21 21 25

(𝑥−2)2 (𝑦−3)2 (𝑥−2)2 (𝑦−3)2

B. + =1 D. + =1
25 21 21 25

Use this condition in answering items number 10 – 12.

The foci of an ellipse have coordinates (10, 0) and (-10, 0) with center at the
origin and the length of the major axis is 30.

10. If the length of the major axis is 30 then what is the length of the minor axis?

A. 10√5 C. 15

B. 20 D. 10

11. What are the coordinates of the vertices?

A. (0, -15) & (0, 15) C. (-15, 0) & (15, 0)

B. (0, -5√5) & (0, 5√5) D. (-5√5, 0) & (5√5, 0)

12. What is the standard form of the equation of an ellipse?

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A. + =1 C. + =1
100 225 225 100

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
B. + =1 D. + =1
225 125 125 225

Use the given equation of an ellipse in answering items number 13 - 15

(𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 (𝒚 − 𝟕)𝟐
+ =𝟏
𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟐𝟏
13. Based on the given equation of an ellipse, where does the center located?

A. (2, -7) C. (-2, -7)

22
 B. (-2, 7) D. (2, 7)

14. What are the coordinates of the foci?

A. (2+√105, -7) & (2 - √105, -7) C. (2, -7+√105) & (2, -7 - √105)

B. (-2+√105, 7) & (-2 - √105, 7) D. (-2, 7+√105) & (-2, 7 - √105)

15. Which of the following graphs, represent the graph of the standard form of the
equation of an ellipse?

A. C.

B. D.

Additional Activities

I Challenge Myself
Direction: Determine the standard form of the equation of an ellipse given its
graph.

23
 24
What’s In (L2) What’s New (L2) What’s New (L2)
1. x=−10 ± 6√2 3. a=13 b=12 c=5 1. a=5 b=3 c=4
2. y=8 ± √2 O: Horizontal O: Vertical
3. x=2 ± √7 C: (0, 0) C: (0, 0)
V: (13,0) (-13,0) V: (0,5) (0,-5)
4. x=−4 ± 3√3
W: (0,12) (0,-12) W: (3,0) (-3,0)
5. x=−3 ± √17
F: (-5,0) (5,0) F: (0,4) (0,-4)
4. a=13 b=12 c=5 2. a=5 b=3 c=4
O: Horizontal O: Vertical
C: (-2, 1) C: (3, -4)
V: (11,1) (-15,1) V: (3,1) (3,-9)
W: (-2,13) (-2,-11) W: (6,-4) (0,-4)
F: (3,1) (-7,1) F: (3,0) (3,-8)
What I Know What's New What’s More (L1)
1. C (Lesson 1) 𝑥2 𝑦2
1. SF: + =1
2. D 81 9
1. a=5, b=4, c=3 a=9 b=3 c=6√2
3. D
4. D O: Horizontal O: Horizontal
5. C C: (0, 0) C: (0, 0)
6. C V: (5,0) (-5,0) V: (9,0) (-9,0)
7. A W: (0,4) (0,-4) W: (0,3) (0,-3)
8. A
F: (6√2,0) (−6√2,0)
F: (3,0) (-3,0) 𝑥2 𝑦2
9. C 2. a=13 b=12 c=5 2. SF: + =1
16 121
10. B O: Vertical a=11 b=4 c=√105
11. B C: (0, 0) O: Vertical
12. A C: (0, 0)
V: (0,13) (0,-13)
13. C V: (0,11) (0,-11)
W: (12,0) (-12,0)
14. A W: (4,0) (-4,0)
15. A
F: (0,5) (0,-5) F: (0, √105) (0,- √105)
Answer Key
 4
=1 H: (𝑥 − 1)2 +
15.C (𝑦+3)2

14.D (1,-3 − √3) TREATMENT

13.B M: (1,-3 + √3)
12.B P: (2,-3) (0,-3) LITHOTRIPSY
11.C E: (1,-1) (1,-5)
DECODER
10.A L: (1, -3)
9. B 2. Vertical =1 81
+ 4
B:
8. A (𝑦+2)2 (𝑥−1)2

7. C 100y + 484 = 0 (1,-2 − √77)

6. A U: 16x2 + 25y2 - 224x - R: (1,-2 + √77)
5. A T: (10,-2)(4,-2) N: (3,-2) (-1,-2)
4. C Y: (7,2) (7,-6)
S: (1,7) (1,-11)
3. D O: (12,-2) (2,-2)
2. D I: (7, -2) A: (1, -2)
1. A 1. Horizontal 3. Vertical

Assessment What’s More (L2) What’s More (L2)

References
Deauna, M.C.& Lamayo, F. C. 1999. Introduction to Analytic Geometry & Calculus.
SIBS Publishing House Inc. pp 98 - 107. ISBN: 971-791-073-1

Department of Education. Pre-Calculus learners’ materials. Sunshine Interlinks

Publishing House, Inc. pp 32 – 39

Fuller G. & Tarwater D. 1992. Analytic Geometry 7th Edition. Addison- Wesley
Publishing Company Inc. pp 117 - 130. ISBN: 0-201-35235-4

Leithold, Louis. 2002. The Calculus 7. Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd. pp A48 –
A56. ISBN: 981-4119-21-0

Scheer M. (2018). Real life uses for ellipse. https://sciencing.com/real-life-uses-ellipses-

8522010.html

25
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