SECTION 703

Section 101

AGGREGATES

Section 703

703.00 General All sieve sizes and designations described in this section refer to laboratory sieves having square
openings and conforming to ASTM E11.

The grading and composition requirements for coarse and fine aggregates for concrete are set forth in Table 703-1.

Table 703-1
CONCRETE AGGREGATE GRADATION TABLE

Percentage Passing Designated Sieves and Nominal Size Designation

Coarse Aggregates (from AASHTO M43) Fine

No. 3 No. 357 No. 4 No. 467 No. 57 No. 6 No. 67 No. 7 No. 8 Aggregate
50 mm 25.0 mm
50 mm 37.5 mm 37.5 mm 19.0 mm 19.0 mm 12.5 mm 9.5 mm 4.75 mm
Sieve Size to to
to to to to to to to to
25.0 4.75
4.75 mm 19.0 mm 4.75 mm 9.5 mm 4.75 mm 4.75 mm 2.36 mm 150 µm
mm mm
(2" to (1½" to (1½" to (¾" to (¾" to (½" to (3/8 " to (#4 to
(2" to (1" to
No. 4) ¾") #4) 3/ ")
8 #4) #4) #8) #100)
1") #4)
63 mm
100 100
(2½")
50 mm (2") 90–100 95–100 100 100
37.5 mm
35–70 90–100 95–100 100
(1½")
25.0 mm
0–15 35–70 20–55 95–100 100 100
(1")
19.0 mm
0–15 35 – 70 90–100 90–100 100
(¾")
12.5 mm
0–5 10–30 25–60 20–55 90–100 100
(½")
9.5 mm
0–5 10–30 0–15 20–55 40–70 85–100 100
(3/8")
4.75 mm
0–5 0–5 0–10 0–5 0–10 0–15 10–30 95–100
(#4)
2.36 mm
0–5 0–5 0–5 0–10 80–100
(#8)
1.18 mm
8970 0–5 50–85
(#16)
600 µm
25–60
(#30)
300 µm
10–30
(#50)
150 µm
2–10
(#100)
703.01 Fine Aggregate for Concrete. Fine aggregate for concrete shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO
M 6, Class A. The minimum sand equivalent, as tested in accordance with Colorado Procedure 37 shall be 80 unless
otherwise specified. The fineness modulus, as determined by AASHTO T 27, shall not be less than 2.50 or greater
than 3.50 unless otherwise approved.

703.02 Coarse Aggregate for Concrete. Coarse aggregate for concrete shall conform to the requirements of
AASHTO M 80, Class A, except that the percentage of wear shall not exceed 45 when tested in accordance with
AASHTO T 96.
703.03 Aggregate for Bases. Aggregates for bases except Aggregate Base Course (RAP) shall be crushed stone,
crushed slag, crushed gravel, natural gravel, or crushed reclaimed concrete. Aggregate Base Course (RAP) shall be
100 percent crushed recycled asphalt pavement material. All materials except Aggregate Base Course (RAP) shall
conform to the quality requirements of AASHTO M 147 except that the requirements for the ratio of minus 75 µm
(No. 200) sieve fraction to the minus 425 µm (No. 40) sieve fraction, stated in 3.2.2 of AASHTO M 147, shall not
apply
The requirements for the Los Angeles wear test (AASHTO T 96 and ASTM C535) shall not apply to Class 1, 2, and
3. Aggregates for bases shall meet the grading requirements of Table 703-2 for the class specified for the project,
unless otherwise specified.
The liquid limit shall be as shown in Table 703-2 and the plasticity index shall not exceed six when the aggregate is
tested in accordance with AASHTO T 89 and T 90 respectively.

Table 703-2
CLASSIFICATION FOR AGGREGATEBASE COURSE

Mass Percent Passing Square Mesh Sieves

Sieve Size LL not greater than 35 LL not greater than 30
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Class 7
150 mm (6") 100
100 mm (4") 100
75 mm (3") 95-100
60 mm (2 ½") 100
50 mm (2") 95-100 100
37.5 mm (1 ½”) 90-100 100
25 mm (1") 95-100 100 100
19 mm (3/4") 50-90 95-100
4.75 mm (#4) 30-65 30-50 30-70 30-65
2.36 mm (#8) 25-55 20-85
75 µm (#200) 3-15 3-15 20 max 3-12 3-15 3-12 5-15
NOTE: Class 3 material shall consist of bank or pit run material.

Aggregate Base Coarse (RAP) shall be 100 percent reclaimed asphalt pavement material conforming to the
requirements of Table 703-3.
 Table 703-3
CLASSIFICATION FOR RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT
AGGREGATE BASE COURSE

Mass Percent Passing

Sieve Size Square Mesh Sieves
ABC (RAP)
50 mm (2") 100
25 mm (1") 85-100
19 mm (¾") 75-100
12.5 mm (½") 55-90
9.5 mm (⅜") 45-80
4.75 mm (#4) 25-55
1.18 mm (#16) 5-25
75 µm (#200) 0-5

703.04 Aggregates for Hot Mix Asphalt. Aggregates for hot mix asphalt (HMA) shall be of uniform quality,
composed of clean, hard, durable particles of crushed stone, crushed gravel, natural gravel, or crushed slag.
Excess of fine material shall be wasted before crushing. A percentage of the aggregate retained on the 4.75 mm
(No. 4) sieve for Gradings S, SX and SG— and on the 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve for Gradings SF and ST—shall
have at least two mechanically induced fractured faces when tested in accordance with Colorado Procedure 45.
This percentage will be specified in Table 403-1, as revised for the project in Section 403. The angularity of the
fine aggregate shall be a minimum of 45.0 percent when determined according to AASHTO T 304. Grading SF
mixes, when determined by the Region Materials Engineer, may not require fine aggregate angularity of 45.0
percent. Aggregate samples representing each aggregate stockpile shall be non-plastic if the percent of
aggregate passing the 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve is greater than or equal to 10 percent by weight of the individual
aggregate sample. Plasticity will be determined in accordance with AASHTO T 90. The material shall not
contain clay balls, vegetable matter, or other deleterious substances.

The aggregate for Gradings ST, S, SX, and SG shall have a percentage of wear of 45 or less when tested in
accordance with AASHTO T 96.
 Table 703-4
MASTER RANGE TABLE FOR HOT MIX ASPHALT

Percent by Weight Passing Square Mesh Sieves

Sieve Size Grading Grading Grading Grading Grading
SF ST SX S SG
37.5 mm
100
(1½″)
25.0 mm
100 90 – 100
(1″)
19.0 mm
100 90 – 100
(¾″)
12.5 mm
100 90 – 100 * *
(½″)
9.5 mm
100 90 – 100 * * *
(⅜″)
4.75 mm
90 – 100 * * * *
(#4)
2.36 mm
* 28 – 58 28 – 58 23 – 49 19 – 45
(#8)
1.18 mm
30 – 54
(#16)
600 µm
* * * * *
(#30)
300 µm
(#50)
150 µm
(#100)
75 µm
2 – 12 2 – 10 2 – 10 2–8 1–7
(#200)
* These additional Form 43 Specification Screens will initially be established
using values from the As Used Gradation shown on the Design Mix.
Aggregates for stone matrix asphalt (SMA) shall be of uniform quality, composed of clean, hard, durable
particles of crushed stone, crushed gravel, or crushed slag. A minimum of 90 percent of the particles retained
on the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve shall have at least two mechanically induced fractured faces when tested in
accordance with Colorado Procedure 45. The particles passing the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve shall be the product
of crushing rock larger than 12.5 mm (1/2 inch) and shall be non-plastic when tested in accordance with
AASHTO T 90.

Additionally, each source of aggregate for SMA shall meet the following requirements:

(1) No more than 30 percent when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 96 Resistance to Degradation of
Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine.

(2) No more than 12 percent when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 104 Soundness of Aggregate by Use
of Sodium Sulfate.

Table 703-5
MASTER RANGE TABLE FOR STONE MATRIX ASPHALT

Percent by Weight Passing Square Mesh Sieves

Sieve Size 4.75 mm 9.5 mm 12.5 mm 19.0 mm
(#4) (3/8″) (1/2″) (3/4″)
nominal nominal nominal nominal
25 mm (1") 100
19.0 mm (¾") 100 90-100
12.5 mm (½") 100 100 90-100 50-88
9.5 mm (3⁄8") 100 90-100 50-80 25-60
4.75 mm (#4) 90-100 26-60 20-35 20-28
2.36 mm (#8) 28-65 20-28 16-24 16-24
1.18mm (#16) 22-36
600 µm (#30) 18-28 12-18 12-18 12-18
300 µm (#50) 15-22 10-15
150 µm (#100)
75 µm (#200) 12-15 8-12 8-11 8-11
The aggregates for hot mix asphalt (HMA) and stone matrix asphalt (SMA) shall meet the requirements of Table
703-6 when tested in accordance with CP-L 4211 Resistance of Coarse Aggregate to Degradation by Abrasion in the
Micro-Deval Apparatus. The Contractor shall be assessed a price reduction of $1,000 for each production sample of
the combined aggregate with a value greater than 20 according to CP-L 4211.

Table 703-6
AGGREGATE DEGRADATION BY ABRASION
IN THE MICRO-DEVAL CP-L 4211

Not to exceed
Combined Aggregate (Mix Design) 18
Combined Aggregate (1/10,000 tons, or fraction thereof
20
during production)

703.05 Aggregate for Cover Coat Material. Aggregates for cover coat material shall be crushed stone, crushed
slag, crushed gravel, or natural gravel. Aggregates shall be composed of clean, tough, durable fragments free from
an excess of flat, elongated, soft, or disintegrated pieces and free from fragments coated with dirt or other
objectionable matter. Slag shall be air-cooled blast-furnace slag reasonably uniform in density.

The aggregate shall conform to the following requirements:

(1) The percentage of wear, Los Angeles Abrasion Test (AASHTO T 96), shall not be more than 35.

(2) The maximum amount of flat and elongated aggregate with a ratio of 3:1 shall not exceed 12 percent as
determined by ASTM D4791.

(3) When blast-furnace slag is used, the weight per cubic foot shall be at least 70 pounds.

(4) For Type I, II, or IV cover coat material, 90 percent by weight of the particles retained on the 4.75 mm (No. 4)
sieve shall have at least two fractured faces when tested in accordance with Colorado Procedure 45.

(5) Lightweight aggregate used for cover coat material shall be an aggregate prepared by expanding shale, clay, or
slate in a rotary fired kiln. Lightweight aggregate shall have a dry loose unit weight of 35 to 55 pounds per
cubic foot determined in accordance with AASHTO T 19, Shoveling Procedure. The total mass of the test
sample of lightweight aggregate used in AASHTO T 96 (Los Angles Abrasion) shall be 2,000 g.

Table 703-7
GRADATION SPECIFICATIONS FOR COVER COAT AGGREGATE

Percent by Weight Passing Square Mesh Sieve

Sieve Size 9.5 mm (3⁄8") 12.5 mm (½") 19.0 mm (¾")*
Type 1 Type II Type IV
19.0 mm (¾") 100
12.5 mm (½") 100 95-100
9.5 mm (3⁄8") 100 70-100 60-80
4.75 mm (#4) 0-15 0-4 0-10
75 μm (#200) 0-1.5 0-1.5 0-1.5
*Type IV shall be used only with lightweight aggregates.

703.06 Mineral Filler. Mineral filler shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 17 and shall consist of rock
dust, slag dust, hydrated lime, hydraulic cement, fly ash, or other suitable mineral matter. It shall be free of organic
impurities and agglomerations. When used, it shall be dry enough to flow freely.
Mineral filler shall be graded within the following limits:
Sieve Size Mass Percent Passing
600 μm (No. 30) 100
300 μm (No. 50) 95-100
75 μm (No. 200) 70-100

Mineral filler shall have a plasticity index not greater than four excluding hydrated lime and hydraulic cement.
If mineral filler other than limestone dust is used in stone matrix asphalt (SMA) it shall consist of mineral
matter that meets the requirements of Tables 703-8, 703-9 and the following:
Alternative mineral filler shall consist of finely divided mineral matter such as rock dust, slag dust, fly ash,
loess, or other suitable mineral matter. Calcium oxide content of any mineral filler shall not exceed 22 percent.
Alternative mineral filler test data shall be provided as part of the SMA mix design submittal and as required in
Table 703-8 during production.
The Contractor shall sample and test alternative mineral filler at the frequencies listed in Table 703-8.
Production will be suspended if alternative mineral filler test results fail to meet requirements. The Contractor
shall submit written plans to correct the mineral filler operation to the Engineer for approval prior to
commencing paving.

Table 703-8
REQUIRED TESTING FOR ALTERNATIVE
SMA MINERAL FILLERS

Contractor Testing Specification

Type of Test Remarks
Frequency Limit
Plasticity Index AASHTO One per 10,000 tons of
4% Maximum ▲
T90 SMA placed♦
Hydrometer Analysis One at Mix Design
Report
AASHTO T88 submittal
One per 10,000 tons of
Gradation AASHTO T37 Table 703-9 ▲
SMA placed♦
Calcium Oxide Content One at Mix Design 22%
ASTM C25 submittal Maximum
Modified Rigden Voids – One per 10,000 tons of Shall not
▲
NAPA Publication IS-101 SMA placed♦ exceed 50
♦ The minimum frequency shall be twice per project
▲ Sampling of alternative mineral fillers shall be at the point of introduction to the
SMA and a split sample shall be submitted to the Engineer
 Table 703-9
ALTERNATIVE SMA MINERAL GRADATION

(AASHTO M17/ASTM D242-95)

Sieve Percent Passing
600 µm (#30) 100
300 µm (#50) 95 - 100
75 µm (#200) 70 - 100

703.07 Bed Course Material.

(a) Bed course material for sidewalks, curbing, and bikeways shall consist of cinders, sand, slag, gravel,
crushed stone, or other approved material of such gradation that all particles shall pass through a sieve
having 19.0 mm (3/4 inch) square openings.
(b) Bed course material for slope protection, or riprap filter blanket shall be a porous, free draining material
consisting of sand, gravel, cinders, slag, crushed stone, or other approved free draining material. This material
shall meet the following gradation requirements:
Mass Percent Passing
Sieve Size Square Mesh Sieves
75 mm (3 inch) 100
4.75 mm (No. 4) 20-65
75 μm (No. 200) 0-10

703.08 Structure Backfill Material.

(a) Class 1 structure backfill shall meet the following gradation requirements:
Mass Percent Passing
Sieve Size Square Mesh Sieves
50 mm (2 inch) 100
4.75 mm (No. 4) 30-100
300 μm (No. 50) 10-60
75 μm (No. 200) 5-20

In addition, this material shall have a liquid limit not exceeding 35 and a plasticity index of not over six when
determined in conformity with AASHTO T 89 and T 90 respectively.

(b) Class 2 structure backfill shall be composed of suitable materials developed on the project. To be suitable for
use under this classification, backfill shall be free of frozen lumps, wood, or other organic material. If the
material contains rock fragments that, in the opinion of the Engineer, will be injurious to the structure, the
native material shall not be used for backfilling and the Contractor shall furnish Class 1 structure backfill
material at the contract unit price. If contract unit price does not exist for Class 1 structure backfill, it will be
paid for in accordance with subsection 104.03.
(c) Class 3 structure backfill shall be a sandy gravel and meet the following gradation:
Mass Percent Passing
Sieve Size Square Mesh Sieves
9.5 mm (3/8 inch) 90-100
4.75 mm (No. 4) 45-80
0.075 mm (No. 200) 5-12

703.09 Filter Material. Filter material shall consist of free draining sand, gravel, slag, or crushed stone. The
grading requirements are set forth in Table 703-10.

Table 703-10
GRADATION SPECIFICATIONS FOR FILTER MATERIAL

Mass Percent Passing

Sieve Size Square Mesh Sieves
Class A Class B Class C
75 mm (3") 100
37.5 mm (1½") 100
19.0 mm (¾") 20-90 100
4.75 mm (No. 4) 0-20 20-60 60-100
1.18 μm (No. 16) 10-30
300 μm (No. 50) 0-10 10-30
150 μm (No. 100) 0-10
75 μm (No. 200) 0-3 0-3 0-3

703.10 Aggregate for Median Cover. Aggregate for median cover shall consist of clean crushed stone,
crushed gravel, or natural gravel. The percentage of wear, when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 96, shall
not be more than 70. The grading requirements shall be as follows:

Mass Percent Passing

Sieve Size Square Mesh Sieves
63 mm (2 1/2 inch) 100
50 mm (2 inch) 95-100
19.0 mm (3/4 inch) 0-15