“A detailed guide to Double layered PCB manufacturing and

its advantages”
Meta Description:
A double-layer PCB is also named a double-sided PCB consisting of two layers that are
conducting in nature. These layers are present on both the upper and lower surface of PCB.
Components and circuits are also two-sided which means they can be present on both sides.

Stacking and Design:

Double layer PCB manufacturing is quite simple and involves several stages. The first and most
important is design and stacking. It is not a difficult task to stack up double-layered PCB. In
simple words, you just must stack single-layered PCBs with each other.
It consists of two layers. The upper and lower layer is made of Cu and are electrically connected
to each other. We can also use silver- or gold-plated layers to enhance the properties.
After the top layer comes an insulating material or dielectric. This is considered a base where
both layers are connected. This can be of any type of material either polymeric or metals. These
include polyamide, polyimide, PTFE, or metals like Cu, Al, Fe, Ag, etc.
If the base is conducting in nature i.e., metal then insulation is created among layers by using a
dielectric medium. While non-conductive base material, it acts as an insulating medium between
the top and bottom layers.
There are other layers other than these conductive and base layers. They are present in all types
of PCBs and give them extra advantages. These are silkscreen, solder mask, and surface finish.
Their function is to label components, avoid the creation of solder bridges and produce a copper
layer and protect it from corrosion respectively.

Classification:
Double layer PCB is divided into several types depending on their functioning, properties, and
applications. These are:
 Rigid double-sided PCB
 Flexible double-sided PCB
 Rigid-flex 2-sided PCB
 Impedance control 2-sided PCB
 Heavy Cu 2-sided PCB
 High frequency 2-sided PCB
 High Tg2- sided PCB
 Metal core 2-sided PCB

Design stages:
The designing process of a 2-layered PCB is quite simple and doesn't require any effort. The
designer will select software like EDA, CAD, or MAT- a lab of his own choice depending on the
requirement. We must follow some steps for this purpose. They are as follows:
1. Make sure to set the designing parameters like SCH.
2. Draw a diagram that describes the steps and procedure.
3. Create a new folder named to be a new PCB file.
4. Set all the design parameters properly.
5. Import components used in the circuit board to the library.
6. Then replace or supplement these PCB files
7. Import the above SCH parameters to the PCB file.
8. Construct the circuit board and plan on how to insert components into the board.
9. An automatic layout is generated.
10. Adjusting this layout.
11. Analyzing the density network to make sure of its compactness.
12. Adjust the wiring first automatically than manually.
13. Export this file.
Your required design of Double-sided boards is ready.

Manufacturing Processes:
1. Material preparation:
The material used in the production of 2- sided PCB is prepared by the manufacturer.
Copper clad-epoxy glasses are used as raw material for PCBs. Materials like FR-4, iron
and ceramic substrates, and polymeric materials.
2. Cutting of Cu Clad Laminate:
After selecting the raw material, cut the board according to the required size. It is cut
according to the machinery in which it is used. It should be cut larger than the size of the
circuit. The size of the PCB should be small to make it cost-effective and fit multiple
circuits on both sides of the board.  
3. Drilling:
This board after cutting undergoes a drilling machine to create small holes on it.
4. Deburring:
Drill panels are processed by manufacturers with the help of a deburring machine. They
are then passed through abrasive materials or brushes causing the removal of copper
plating and fingerprints from the surface. Deburring also causes the removal of oxides
from the surface creating a shiny and smooth surface.
5. Copper Deposition:
 Initially, holes in electroless copper deposition are composed of epoxies. To prevent
oxidation and protect the surface from corrosion board is dipped in acid solutions.
This consists of two types i.e., Vertical & Horizontal. Horizontal plating through holes is
done for deposition of Carbon while vertical plating is for copper on both sides of the
board.
6. Photo- Imaging:
The negative image of a pattern on the circuit board is transported to the panel.
7. Pattern plating:
8. Developing and Etching:
Panels are dipped into etchant which removes exposed Cu but doesn't react with Pb that
is protecting the Cu surface after this layer.
9. Solder Masking:
It is present on the whole circuit thus protecting it and avoiding the short circuit
formation.
10. Surface Finishing:
Different surface finishing techniques are used to create a smooth and shiny surface like
HASL, ENEG, ENIG, etc.
11. Gold and Nickel Plating:
Nickel- and gold-plated surface provides protection against external environment and
provide good heat and corrosion resistance.
12. Applying Components:
The application of components on the surface of a circuit board is named as silk screen. It
is also used to insert a logo as well.
13. Separation:
Boards are separated into pieces by cutting them.
14. Electrical Inspection:
A flying probe test is performed to check the working of a printed circuit board.
15. Cutting of Cu Clad Laminate:
The board should be cut larger than the size of the circuit. The size of the PCB should be
small to make it cost-effective and fit multiple circuits on board.  
Advantages:
It is one of the most common and widely used types of PCB because it can be used in complex
designs and have good flexibility. Some advantages of 2-layered PCB are given below:
 Compact Density:
Double layered PCBs have high compact density, and hence more components can be
compacted easily in a small space. Since both PCBs are used so we can place the
components on both upper and lower sides.
We utilize both sides of the board to make it more compact and include many
components to enhance its working. While in the case of a single sided board, one side is
not occupied and hence not used for complex applications.
 Occupies less space:
Although it consists of two layers but occupies less space compared to single-layered
PCB. Due to its compactness and high density, each part of it is consumed properly.
Cost:
If you are looking for more advantages on less budget, then double sided PCBs is the best
option. There is no need of wasting a handful amount of money on single and multi-layer
PCB. It offers circuit implementation on both sides using little space and money.
 Complex Designs:
Single-sided PCBs and multi-layer PCBs are not designed in such a way that a complex
design can be implemented. Moreover, they offer several good properties and functions at
a very low cost. That’s why they have widespread uses in electronic components and
appliances.
 Fabrication:
The circuit board of double-layered PCB has metal on its sides, a high transition
temperature Cu board, flexibility, and high frequency that makes it suitable for complex
design applications of double-sided PCB.
Several surface treatments are performed for manufacturing double-layered PCB board
models. These techniques include immersion gold, Pb-free Sn spraying, etc.

Applications:
Double sided plated PCBs are used in all types of our daily use devices like electronics, juicers,
and LED lights because of their low cost and ability to fit in complex designs. Also, for heavy
appliances like converters, UPS, inverters, HVLS fans, coolers, instrumentation, etc. Their
demand has increased due to the increased requirement for renewable energy.
Why you need a good single-layer PCB service provider:
If you want your products to be of high quality, make sure you connect to a good service
provider. All the design and manufacturing process is although bit easy, but it requires experts
and professionals to make sure that the final product is capable enough to be launched in the
market.
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