SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO

Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Senior High School

Grade 11

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

ENGLISH LEARNING KIT

First Quarter – Week 3

Differentiating 21st Century

Literary Genres from Early
Literary Periods

English – Grade 11
Grade
Grade 1111 -- 21st
21st Century
Century Literature
Literature from
from the
the Philippines
Philippines and
and the
the World
World
Competency:
Competency: Differentiate/compare
Differentiate/compare andand contrast
contrast the
the various
various 21st
21st century
century
literary
literary genres
genres and
and the
the ones
ones from
from the
the earlier
earlier genres/periods
genres/periods citing
citing their
their
elements,
elements, structures,
structures, and
and traditions.
traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
(EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

English Learning Kit

Differentiating 21st Century Literary Genres from Early Literary Periods
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

by the Department of Education
Schools Division of Iloilo
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

This English Learning Kit is published to be utilized by the Schools Division

of Iloilo.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the Schools Division of Iloilo.

Development Team of English Learning Kit

Writers: Janet C. Borantes, April Rose A. Vicente

Josie Salvie L. Apologista

Illustrators: Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Mark T. Dasa

Layout Artists: Lilibeth E. Larupay, Armand Glenn S. Lapor

Jun Victor F. Bactan, Ricky T. Salabe
Merlo Ceasar O. Francisco

Division Quality Assurance Team:

Lilibeth E. Larupay, Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion
Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Jun Victor F. Bactan
Bonafe T. Davasol, Michael D. Elisteria

Management Team: Dr. Roel F. Bermejo, Dr. Nordy D. Siason, Jr.

Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque, Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay
Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Differentiating 21st Century Literary

Genres from Early Literary Periods

BEGIN

Nowadays, many are engaged in various TV series.

The trends vary from K-Drama to Anime, Romantic-
Comedy, Romance, Thriller, Fantasy, and the likes. It goes
the same way with the materials being read. There are
novels, journals, news articles, magazines, and poetry
among others. What drives us to be engrossed in these
forms is the genre which we are interested in.
Over the course of time, Philippine literature keeps
evolving and Filipino writers have created distinctive texts
that strengthened the survival of our cultures, beliefs, and
traditions.
In this module, you will identify the two divisions of
literature, recognize and differentiate the various 21 st
century literary genres from earlier periods citing their
elements, structures and traditions.
Enjoy learning!

TARGET

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. identify two divisions of literature;
2. identify the major genres of 21st century literature;
3. differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21 st century literary genres and
the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their elements, structures, and
traditions (EN12Lit-Ia-25); and
4. analyze the theme and other literary elements presented in the selection.

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 1
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

TRY THIS

To start this journey, let us

check your knowledge of the concepts
that you are about to encounter.

GUESS THE WORD!

Directions: Read each item carefully. Identify the concept being described by
filling in the missing letter. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

1. T__ __ E – the poet or speaker’s attitude toward the subject, the

reader, or himself

2. RH__ __ H__ – the order of alternation of strong and weak elements

in the flow of sound and silence
C__ IM__ __
3. – the highest dramatic tension in a story
P__E__ __Y
4. – a literary type written in verses that make up stanzas

5. I__ __ GE __ Y – vivid and descriptive language used in a literary work

6. N __ V __ __ – a lengthy narrative story separated into series of

chapters

7. C__ I__ __ L__T – a type of fiction which addresses issues of modern

womanhood, often humorously and light-heartedly

8. F __ C__ __ON – any imaginative fact and idea of life where the
characters and settings are purely work of the
author’s mind and may not happen in real life
L I__ __
9. – equivalent of a sentence in prose

10. D__N__ I T__ – how much has been said in a given literary work

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 2
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City
DO THIS

Great work! You have finished another

activity! This time, set your mood to learn, and
discover new ideas and knowledge through
this activity.

FIND THE MATCH!

Directions: Match each item in Column A with its meaning in Column B.
Write only the letter of your answer in your notebook.

A. ELEMENTS OF POETRY

Column A Column B

1. Imagery A. This refers to how text is put to the

space in the poem.
2. Sound B. It is similar to a sentence in prose.
3. Rhythm C. This is revealed through words,
images, and symbols.
4. Density D. This refers to how the poem sounds
like when read.
5. Line E. This refers to the sound pattern and
the arrangement of rhyming words.

B. ELEMENTS OF SHORT STORY

Column A Column B

1. Conflict A. These are the persons, animals or

things moving around the plot of the
story.
2. Setting B. It pertains to the central idea which
conveys truths and values according
to the author’s purpose and
perspective on the human
experience.
3. Plot C. This refers to the struggle of
complication involving the characters
of the story.
4. Characters D. It refers to the series of actions and
events happening in the story.
5. Theme E. This refers to the time, place, and
condition in which the story takes
place.
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 3
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

EXPLORE
E
You did a wonderful job in providing
possible answers in the previous activities.
Now let’s check your prior knowledge about
the lesson we will learn in this module.

WE BELONG
Directions: Identify each item below whether it belongs to earlier literary genre
or to 21st Century literary genre. In your notebook, copy the table
below and choose your answers inside the box. Do this in your
notebook.

hyperpoetry riddles digi-fiction folksongs

textula folktales legends blogs
proverbs manga epic graphic novel
illustrated novel spoken word poetry

EARLIER LITERARY GENRE 21ST CENTURY LITERARY GENRE

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 4
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

WE ARE CONNECTED
Directions: Connect each of the literary genres in Column A to its example
in Column B. Write your answer in your lecture notebook.

Column A Column B

1. Textula A. “For Sale: Baby shoes, never worn.”

–Ernest Hemmingway
2. Flash Fiction B. “The Diary of a Teenage Girl”
–Phoebe Gloeckner
3. Graphic Novels C. “Confessions of a Shopaholic”
–Sophie Kinsella
4. Speculative Fiction D. “Harry Potter Series”
–J.K. Rowling
5. Chick Lit E. “Damo sa parang nang tinapak-tapakan
muling umusbong”
–mcKoim

KEEP THIS IN MIND

Awesome! You have hurdled many tasks

earlier with ease. Now, let’s keep moving on.

The Two Divisions of Literature

In its broadest sense, literature mirrors human existence. It exudes the
realities and truths of life encrypted in every letter and symbol of the texts. Reading a
literary text offers an experience to dwell in its very essence and to build the mind
and character of the person connected to the universal truths.
A good literature elevates the spirit by bringing out moral values in any genre
of a literary composition that conforms to the manner, forms and styles.
With this, it is only fitting for us to be acquainted with the divisions of literature.

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 5
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

DIVISIONS OF LITERATURE

PROSE POETRY
(Fiction/Creative
Nonfiction)

FORM written in paragraph form written in stanza or verse

form

LANGUAGE expressed in ordinary form expressed in metrical,

(common language) or rhythmical, figurative
straightforward manner language and imaginative
tone

APPEAL appeal to the reader’s awaken the reader’s

intellect emotion

AIM to convince, reflect, to stir the imagination and

instruct, inform and set an idea of how life
educate the learner should be

Table 1. The Two Divisions of Literature1

Literature is divided into PROSE and POETRY. They differ in form, structure
and style, but both deliver themes relatable to life experiences.
POETRY is said to be the oldest form of literature. It is a literary work written
in verse and stanzas. Our ancestors even recited lines of verse having aesthetic
qualities. It contains rhythm, sound pattern, and meter. In poetry, words are played
with rhythm to show creativity and style.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
A. Imagery – This is one of the essential elements of poetry that give the reader
the totality of the poem. The writer shows what the poem is all about
and not merely tells. Powerful imageries in the poem are used to
make it appealing to the senses of the reader. This imagery is in the
form of words, images, and symbols.

B. Rhythm –It refers to the sound pattern and the arrangement of rhyming words
that make up the poem.

C. Sound – It refers to how the poem sounds like when read. There are poems
that sounded soft and melodious. This is called euphony. Others are
sounded brittle and stiff. This is called cacophony.

1
“Divisions of Literature.” Retrieved July 10, 2020,
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/kbalgos/divisions-of-literature-2092091

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 6
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

D. Density – It is what distinguishes poetry from prose. This is the ability to say
little and mean much through the use of metaphors and non-
conformity with traditional grammar styles. Incorporating sounds and
rhythm also allows density.

E. Line – It is a very important part of poetry. It is an element that makes it

unique
to prose. Line in poetry is like sentence in prose. However, we are
not obliged to put a period since poetry does not adapt to strict
grammar rules.

TYPES OF POETRY
A. Lyric Poetry
This type of poetry expresses powerful emotion and feelings through
musical verse. This is a kind of poem that uses rhyme, meter or literary devices
to create a song-like quality. Examples of lyric poetry are Ode, Sonnet, Elegy,
and a Song.

B. Narrative Poetry
This type of poetry narrates a detailed story about life and events that
might be true or imaginary. This is quite long and descriptive written in metered
verse. Narrative poetry does not need rhythmic schemes. Epic, Ballad and
Metric Tale are examples of narrative poetry.

C. Dramatic Poetry
It is known as dramatic verse. This literary art is written in blank verse that
tells a story and connects the readers through emotions. Dramatic poetry
suggests a story, but there is more emphasis on character rather than on the
narrative. Dramatic poetry includes soliloquy, monologues, closed drama
(tragedy, comedy, melodrama or farce), and rhyme verse. 2

PROSE is any written or spoken language that is naturally used without

metrical or rhythmic structure unlike the traditional poetry. It applies the ordinary form
of the language that is easily understood by the readers. Unlike poetry which
measures in meter and or in verse, a prose is written in paragraph form. Most of this
type is informative and entertaining in nature.

Early Literary Genres

Literature during the earlier period or traditional literature per se was governed
by almost similar styles such as being educational and mythological. It was primarily
oral as it was spoken, recited and sung. Also, it revolves around typical themes of
fantasy and positivism.

2
“Lyric Narrative Dramatic” ppt. Retrieved August 25, 2020 from
https://slideplayer.com/slide/5216083/
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 7
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

At those times, publication of any literature was something of a tedious work

as there were no printing machines, computer or even internet. Early literature was
written manually in scrolls and lots of papers and the reproduction of such is
strenuous.

GENRES OF THE EARLY PERIOD

A. Folksongs are traditional songs of our ancestors that have been passed
down
from one generation to another.
B. Proverbs are simple and traditional sayings that give us nuggets of wisdom.
C. Riddles are playful statements or questions having an obscure meaning
intended to be answered or solved.
D. Tales are stories that generally talked about how one thing came to be.
E. Epics are long-narrative poems about the heroic deeds, adventures, and
even
misfortunes of a hero.

21ST Century Literary Genres

The art of literature is as unique as any form of arts. It conforms to the writer’s
style and techniques, manner, and form. Overtime, these formats were changed as
literary writers also expose themselves to new techniques and genres.
The 21st Century literature refers to literary works written in the year 2000s. It
deals with current existing themes and culture and override traditional writing.
GENRES OF 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE
Twenty-first century poetry often takes shape in fragmented sentences, with a
heavy use of enjambment, without strict forms of punctuation, grammatical or
syntactical rules, and rarely any distinct rhyme scheme. However, the free verse
form that much of twenty-first century poetry takes upon either a dissociated take on
the ideals presented, or a direct first person, almost letter like approach to writing
poetry, using pronouns to directly make the reader feel as if they are either the
receiving audience or the writer/speaker themselves. 3
A. Hyperpoetry is another 21st Century literary genre that is also called as cyber
poetry. This genre cannot serve its purpose without the use of
computer. It is a type of digital poetry that uses links using
hypertext. This poem is found online which directs the reader to
the texts in response to the links that the reader chooses.
3
Doherty, Emma. “Modern Poetry Is Much Different Than It Used To Be.” Retrieved August
25, 2020, https://thoughtcatalog.com/emma-doherty/2017/07/modern-poetry-is-much-
different-than-it-used-to-be/
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 8
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

B. Textula is a coined term of the English word “TEXT” and Filipino word
“TULA.”
It is initially started by Frank Rivera. Textula is a new trend where a
one or two-stanza poem is written in a text message format. This
mobile phone poetry has a rhythmic scheme of aabb, abab, abba.

C. Spoken Word is a type of poetry that is geared to be performed onstage for

an
audience rather than merely exist in print somewhere for others to
read. Its characteristic of being created to be performed for an
audience makes it a subset of the art of poetry. 4

FICTION – It is a creative literary work of an author that is imaginary. The events,

people, or places are pure products of the writer’s mind.
TYPES OF FICTION
A. Chick Lit refers to a literary piece written by women authors, about
women, and intended for women to read. It tackles about issues
regarding women.

B. Flash Fiction is a fictional literary work that is brief in form. Typically,

flash
fiction is written under 1500 words.
C. Speculative Fiction is a literary fiction encompassing genre with
futuristic, supernatural and imaginative themes.
D. Novel refers to imaginative stories published as a book. It is relatively
long
narrative written in prose.
E. Short Story is a work of fiction that is shorter than a novel, and usually
deals with only few characters. The elements of a short story are
setting, characters, plot, conflict, climax, denouement, point of
view, mood, theme and symbols.

THE ELEMENTS OF A SHORT STORY

1. Setting – This refers to when and where the story takes place.
2. Characters – These are the persons, animals, or things that compose
the
story.
4
“What is Spoken Word Poetry.” Retrieved August 23, 2020, https://www. digitalpoet.net/
what-is-spoken-word-poetry/what-is-spoken-word-poetry?fbclid=IwAR1Wc-
vFNI3fXITdJPJrsLzR-x6Z5fCym-
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 9
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

3. Plot – It is the sequence of events in the story.

4. Conflict – It refers to any complications or issues that build up the story.
5. Climax – It is the highest dramatic tension or major turning point in the
story.
6. Denouement/Resolution – It is the final outcome of the main dramatic
complication in a literary work.
7. Point of View – It is the voice of the story as to how it was told.
8. Mood – This refers to the atmosphere and tone of the story.
9. Theme – It pertains to the main idea and the universal truth in the story.
10. Symbols – It refers to the imageries used in the story that signify
something.

CREATIVE NONFICTION is a form of literary writing that dictates facts,

accuracy, and truthfulness that remains compelling. It follows the same style in
writing fictional stories and poems but differs in content as creative nonfiction speaks
of factual details.

TYPES OF CREATIVE NONFICTION

A. Biography is a life story of a person written by someone else.

B. Autobiography is an account of the author’s own life written by himself.

C. News refers to substantial and significant information about recent

happenings.

D. Anecdote is an interesting and amusing detailed write-up about a real life

incident that took place.

E. Essay is a brief form of writing that interprets a specific topic or subject

matter.5

Digi-Fiction is a combination of three platforms: online website, movie/video, and

book. Digi-fiction genre is not a digital version of any printed literature. It is
established digitally that once removed online, its whole beauty and essence
disappear.

Blog is said to be first created by Justin Hall in 1994, the Links.net. Weblog or blog
is an informative webpage presenting random topics. It is likely an online
journal of a writer. This literary genre is a platform for writers to share inputs

5
Caballero, Marjorie. Crossing Horizons Through 21st Century Literature. Sampaloc, Manila.
St. Augustine Publications, Inc.,2016.
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 10
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

regarding a certain subject. It follows a reverse chronological order where the

latest post comes first on the website.

Manga is a term used for all published comic books originated from Japan. It
conforms
to artistic and storytelling style of writing. It strictly follows the traditional way
of Japan in reading. Japanese Manga differs from the typical books because it
is read from right to left.

Graphic Novel is a narrative work made up of comic content. The story is delivered
using combination of texts and images. The graphic novel refers to a
complete
story presented as a book.

Illustrated Novel is a literary genre that is composed of almost 50% illustrations and
images. In order to fully understand the whole picture of the story, the reader
must interpret the images. Some examples of Illustrated Novels may not
have
words at all.6

Literature, like language is dynamic and changing. Thus, we cannot really

determine which literary writing is traditional or modern. However, each has its own
unique feature that defines one from the other.
Study the tables below to easily differentiate the early literature and the 21 st
Century Literature.

EARLY LITERATURE 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE

Traditional Modern
Predominantly oral, educational, and Free verse, no set rhyme scheme or
mythical format
Difficult to publish and reproduce Easier to publish and reproduce
Spoken Written or Audio-Visual
Conventional point-of-view Unconventional point-of-view
Table 2. Salient Features of the Early Literature and the 21 st Century Literature

6
“21st Century Literary Genres” Retrieved August 24, 2020
https://www.scribd.com/document/386237500/21st-Century-Literary-Genres
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 11
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

SUM UP

You are almost there! You have now identified the

two divisions of literature and major genres of 21 st
century literature including its types and elements. This
time let us recap insightful ideas that you have learned.

Activity 1
VENN DIAGRAMMING
A. Directions: Using a Venn Diagram, compare and contrast the two divisions
of Poetry and Prose. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

Poetry Prose
Differences Differences

Similarities

B. Directions: Using a Venn Diagram, compare and contrast the 21 st Century

literary genres from the earlier periods. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.

21st Century Literature Earlier Literature

Differences Differences

Similarities
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 12
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Spend time to enhance your

understanding of the previous discussion that
you had by doing this activity.

Activity 2
JUST GIVE ME A TITLE
Directions: The divisions of literature and its type are presented in Table 3.
Give an example or a title of a literary text on each section. You
can search online for an example or just recall what you
have learned. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

LITERATURE
Prose Poetry
A. Fiction A. Lyric
1. Novel 10. Ode
2. Short Story 11. Sonnet
3. Flash Fiction 12. Elegy
13. Song Kanlungan by Noel
Cabangon
4. Speculative Mga Ginto sa Iloilo by B. Narrative
Fiction Felicisima Torres –
Campo
B. Nonfiction 14. Epic
15. Ballad
16. Metric Tale Florante at Laura by
Francisco Baltazar
5. Anecdote E. Dramatic
6. News Manila Bulletin
7. Essay
8. Biography
9. Autobiography 17. Tragedy
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 13
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

18. Comedy
19. Melodrama
20. Farce Karaniwang Tao by
Joey Ayala
Table 3. The Divisions of Literature and its type

Activity 3
POETRY ANALYSIS
Directions: Read a famous literary piece from a famous Ilonggo writer, then analyze
how the theme and literary elements represent the Filipino culture. Read
the following questions and write your answers in your activity notebook.

Dr. Erwin S. Sustento

 Dr. Erwin S. Sustento brought pride to Ilonggos by being the
recipient of several awards. His selection was based on his
personality, educational attainment, and scholastic record.

He received several awards such as:

 1997 National Award of Karangalang Banggit sa Pagsulat
Fig.1. Photo of Prof. Erwin S.
ng Tula sa Hiligaynon Sustento
 1999 written and co-authored a book entitled “Espeho”
Source: data adapted from
 2008 Gawad Balagtas para sa Pinakamahusay na https://www.thenewstoday.inf
Guro Sa Filipino sa buong Pilipinas (PASATAF) o/2008/09/10/erwin.sustento.
html
 2014 Ulirang Guro sa Filipino sponsored by Komisyon
sa Wikang Filipino.
 2015 Alumni Achievement Award in the field of Education given by University of
San Agustin, Iloilo
 He is a former moderator of University of San Agustin's publications – The
Augustinian, The Augustinian Mirror and The Irong-irong, a student literary journal.
 His teaching style is translocal, wherein he uses local materials or literature like
Hiligaynon in teaching Filipino to gain student’s interest. 7

UNBLOCKING DIFFICULTY

mabilanggo – mapriso
episodyo – eksena / hitabo
7 kayuym – kanami-on
Dr. Erwin S. Sustento short biography. data adapted from
katahum – kaanyag
https://www.thenewstoday.info/2008/09/10/erwin.sustento.html
kataw – isa ka misteryoso nga tinuga; ang katunga tawo kag
ang katunga isda
nagaganyat – naga-ingganyo
Yato
Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from –
theisa ka isla
Philippines saWorld
and the Guimaras nga naapektuhan sang Oil Spill
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 14
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 15
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Pangga, Makadto Kita sa Yato

by: Dr. Erwin S. Sustento

Ang maputi nga balas Magaabot ang adlaw

Kag matugnaw nga hangin Paga-ambahon ini sang apa nga
Amo ang nagaganyat sa akon nga kataw sa Yato
magkadto sa Yato. Bisan isa lang kita ka gabi-i
Mahimo kita episodyo
Napinsaran ko nga hagaron ka Kaangay sang epiko
Apang indi kita magdala sang kamera Nga napun-an sang romansa
Indi ako luyag mabilanggo Kag pagpanglakaton.
Sang mga lente sini.
Bal-an mo kun sin-o ang bida?
Ang tanan nga makita Pangga, ikaw kag ako
Gusto ko naka-album lang ini Sa ginharian sang Yato.
Sa aton memorya
Agud kita lang may kapasidad Himos na Pangga,
Nga bag-uhon ang kayuyum nga Makadto kita sa Yato.
makita.

Activity 4
PROCESS QUESTIONS
Directions: Answer the following questions. Write your answers in your notebook.

1. What images/mental pictures were formed on your mind while reading the
poem?
2. To whom is the persona speaking?
3. What do you think is the theme of the poem?
4. Why do you think the author used Yato as his subject, and not any other
island in the region?
5. How would you describe the author’s style in terms of language?
6. Describe the purpose of the author in writing this poem.

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 15
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

REFLECT
REFLECT

At this point, try to share your

significant insights and valuable inputs by
filling in the table below.

Activity 5
FILL ME
Directions: Share your insights and new learning from this module by finishing
the given statements. Write your answers in your activity notebook.

I have learned that the difference between prose and poetry is…
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.

Studying the literary genres is important because…

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.

As a student and a reader, I would be able to understand a literary text by…

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 16
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Directions: Read each item carefully and answer the following questions. Write
only the letter of your answer in your activity notebook.

1. What literary type is written in verse?

A. line B. novel C. poetry D. short story

2. The order of alternation of strong and weak elements in the flow of sound and
silence is called __________.
A. tone B. rhythm C. density D. imagery

3. Which of the following refers to the series of actions and events happening in
the story?
A. plot B. conflict C. theme D. elements

4. How do you call the person, animal or thing moving around the plot of the
story?
A. conflict B. setting C. characters D. plot

5. What type of poetry expresses powerful emotion and feelings through musical
verse?
A. narrative B. dramatic C. melodrama D. lyric

6. Which element of poetry gives the reader the totality of the poem?
A. imagery B. sound C. density D. rhythm

7. Which of the following is a long, imaginative story published as a book?

A. chick lit B. novel C. flash fiction D. short story

8. The voice of the story as to how it was told is referred to as __________.

A. mood B. climax C. imagery D. point of view

9. Which of the following refers to informative story about the latest events in a
particular area?
A. anecdote B. news C. essay D. biography

10. A description of the author’s life written by himself is called __________.

A. essay B. biography C. autobiography D. anecdote

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 17
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

GLOSSARY

Ballad – a form of a narrative poetry that is considered to be the simplest and

shortest form. Its verses suggest significant events meant to be sung.
Comedy – a literary work written in a comic style or treating a comic theme. A drama
of light and amusing character and typically with a happy ending.
Closed drama – a play that is not intended to be performed onstage, but read by a
solitary reader or sometimes out loud in a small group. It is also called “closet
drama.”
Epic – a long narrative poem that tells stories about life, quests and adventures of a
supernatural hero
Elegy – a lyric poem with the subject matter of death. It represents a tone of deep
feeling of a personal grief for someone who passed away.
Enjambment – the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of
the line, couplet, or stanza
Farce – a light dramatic composition marked by broadly satirical comedy and
improbable plot
Literary elements – the identifiable characteristics of a whole text
Literary genre – a category of literary composition. Genres may be determined by
literary technique, tone, content, or even (as in the case of fiction) length
Literary history – the historical development of writings in prose or poetry which
attempts to provide entertainment, enlightenment, or instruction to the
reader/hearer/ observer, as well as the development of the literary techniques
used in the communication of these pieces
Melodrama – a sensational dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting
events intended to appeal to the emotions
Metric Tale – a long poem that tells an already developed story in verse, also called
“metric romance”
Monologue – a dramatic sketch performed by one actor
Ode – a majestic type of lyric poetry with expression of enthusiasm and dignity to
Rhythmic scheme – the pattern of sounds that are repeated at the end of a line or
stanza
Rhyme verse – a work of poetry that contains rhyming vowel sounds at particular
moments
Soliloquy – a poem, discourse, or utterance of a character in a drama that has the
form of a monologue or gives the illusion of being a series of unspoken
reflections
Song – this is a short lyric poem which is intended primarily to be sung and has the
particular melodious quality required by the singing voice
Sonnet – a fixed verse form of Italian origin consisting of 14 lines that are typically 5
foot iambics rhyming according to a prescribed scheme
Tragedy – a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist
and a superior force (such as destiny) and having a sorrowful or disastrous
conclusion that elicits pity or terror

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 18
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)
 SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOILO
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

REFERENCES

A. BOOKS
Caballero, Marjorie. Crossing Horizons Through 21st Century Literature.
Sampaloc, Manila. St. Augustine Publications, Inc.,2016.
Ang, Jaime Gutierez,”Literatura, 21st Century Philippine and World Literature”,
Intramuros, Manila, Mindshapers Co., Inc, 2016

B. ONLINE SOURCES
“Divisions of Literature.” Retrieved July 10, 2020, https://www.slideshare.net/
mobile/kbalgos/ divisions-of-literature-2092091
Doherty, Emma. “Modern Poetry Is Much Different Than It Used To Be.”
Retrieved August 25, 2020, https://thoughtcatalog.com/emma-
doherty/2017/07/modern-poetry-is-much-different-than-it-used-to-be/
Dr. Erwin S. Sustento short biography. data adapted from
https://www.thenewstoday.info/2008/09/10/erwin.sustento.html
Lualhati, Ryan Gosmo “Textula.” Retrieved August 24,2020.https://
www.slideshare.net/mobile/rye07/textula
“Lyric Narrative Dramatic” ppt. Retrieved August 25, 2020 from
https://slideplayer.com/ slide/5216083/
“Pangga, Makadto kita sa Yato” The Augustinian Mirror, October 2009 by
USA Publications-Retrieved: https://issuu.com/usa- pub/docs/ mirror_
october2009
“What are the similarities between 21st century literature and traditional
literature.” Retrieved August 23, 2020 https://brainly.ph/
questions/1546645
“What is Spoken Word Poetry.” Retrieved August 23, 2020, https://www.
digitalpoet.net/ what-is-spoken-word-poetry/what-is-spoken-word-
poetry?fbclid=IwAR1Wc- vFNI3fXITdJPJrsLzR-x6Z5fCym-
U_DjwNLkdwFleY0_k7Tmtla9s
“21st Century Literary Genres” Retrieved August 24, 2020https://www.scribd.
com/document/386237500/21st-Century-Literary-Genres

Grade 11 - 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Competency: Differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century 20
literary genres and the ones from the earlier genres/periods citing their
elements, structures, and traditions. (EN12Lit-Ia-25)