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Practical Introduction To Packet Tracer

This document provides an introduction to using Cisco's Packet Tracer software. It describes Packet Tracer as a protocol simulator that can display layer 2-4 protocols in real-time or simulation mode. The purpose of this lab is to become familiar with the Packet Tracer interface and how to use existing topologies and build new ones. The lab then walks through steps to build a simple hub topology, including adding hosts, connecting them to hubs and switches, configuring IP addresses, and verifying the information.

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abdel dalil
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
288 views

Practical Introduction To Packet Tracer

This document provides an introduction to using Cisco's Packet Tracer software. It describes Packet Tracer as a protocol simulator that can display layer 2-4 protocols in real-time or simulation mode. The purpose of this lab is to become familiar with the Packet Tracer interface and how to use existing topologies and build new ones. The lab then walks through steps to build a simple hub topology, including adding hosts, connecting them to hubs and switches, configuring IP addresses, and verifying the information.

Uploaded by

abdel dalil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pr a ct ica l - I n t r odu ct ion t o Pa ck e t Tr a ce r

W h a t is Pa ck e t Tr a ce r ?

Packet Tracer is a prot ocol sim ulat or developed by Dennis Frezzo and his
t eam at Cisco Syst em s. Packet Tracer ( PT) is a powerful and dynam ic t ool
t hat displays t he various prot ocols used in net working, in eit her Real Tim e or
Sim ulat ion m ode. This includes layer 2 prot ocols such as Et hernet and PPP,
layer 3 prot ocols such as I P, I CMP, and ARP, and layer 4 prot ocols such as
TCP and UDP. Rout ing prot ocols can also be t raced.

Pu r pose : The purpose of t his lab is t o becom e fam iliar wit h t he Packet
Tracer int erface. Learn how t o use exist ing t opologies and build your own.

Re qu isit e k n ow le dge : This lab assum es som e underst anding of t he


Et hernet prot ocol. At t his point we have not discussed ot her prot ocols, but
will use Packet Tracer in lat er labs t o discuss t hose as well.
Version: This lab is based on Packet Tracer 4.0 Bet a, Test 1.

I n t r odu ct ion t o t h e Pa ck e t Tr a ce r I n t e r fa ce u sin g a H ub Topology

St ep 1: St art Packet Tracer and Ent ering Sim ulat ion Mode

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St e p 2 : Ch oosin g D e vice s a nd Con n e ct ion s

We will begin building our net w ork t opology by select ing devices and t he
m edia in w hich t o connect t hem .
Several t ypes of devices and net work connect ions can be used. For t his lab
we will keep it sim ple by using End Devices, Sw it ches, Hubs, and
Connect ions.

Sin gle click on e a ch gr ou p of de vice s a n d con n e ct ion s t o displa y t h e


va r iou s ch oice s.

St e p 3 : Bu ildin g t h e Topology – Addin g H ost s

Sin gle click on t h e En d D e vice s.

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Move t he cursor int o t opology area. You w ill not ice it t urns int o a plus “ + ”
sign.
Single click in t he t opology area and it copies t he device.

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St e p 4 : Bu ildin g t h e Topology – Con ne ct in g t he H ost s t o H u bs a nd
Sw it ch e s

Adding a Hub
Select a hub, by clicking once on Hubs and once on a Generic hub.

Perform t he follow ing st eps t o connect PC0 t o Hub0:


1. Click once on PC0
2. Choose Fast Et hernet
3. Drag t he cursor t o Hub0
4. Click once on Hub0 and choose Port 0

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5. Not ice t he green link light s on bot h t he PC0 Et hernet NI C and t he Hub0
Port 0 showing t hat t he link is act ive.

Adding a Switch
Select a switch, by clicking once on Switches and once on a 2950-24 switch.

Add the switch by moving the plus sign “+” below PC2 and PC3 and click once.

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Connect PC2 to Hub0 by first choosing Connections.

Click once on the Copper Straight-through cable.

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Perform t he follow ing st eps t o connect PC2 t o Sw it ch0:
1. Click once on PC2
2. Choose Fast Et hernet
3. Drag t he cursor t o Swit ch0
4. Click once on Sw it ch0 and choose Fast Et hernet 0/ 1
5. Not ice t he green link light s on PC2 Et hernet NI C and am ber light Swit ch0
Fast Et hernet 0/ 1 port . The swit ch port is t em porarily not forwarding fram es,
while it goes t hrough t he st ages for t he Spanning Tree Prot ocol ( STP) process.
6. Aft er a about 30 seconds t he am ber light will change t o green indicat ing
t hat t he port has ent ered t he forwarding st age. Fram es can now forw arded
out t he sw it ch port .

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St e p 5 : Con figu r in g I P Addr e sse s a n d Su bn e t M a sk s on t h e H ost s

Before we can com m unicat e bet ween t he host s we need t o configure I P


Addresses and Subnet Masks on t he devices.

Click once on PC0.

Ch oose t h e Con fig t a b. I t is here t hat you can change t he nam e of PC0. I t
is also here where you would ent er a Gat eway I P Address, also known as t he
default gat eway. We will discuss t his lat er, but t his would be t he I P address
of t he local rout er. I f you want , you can ent er t he I P Address 172.16.1.1,
alt hough it will not be used in t his lab.

Click on Fa st Et h e r n e t . Alt hough we have not yet discussed I P Addresses,


add t he I P Address t o 172.16.1.10. Click once in t he Subnet Mask field t o

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ent er t he default Subnet Mask. You can leave t his at 255.255.0.0. We w ill
discuss t his lat er.

Also, not ice t his is w here you can change t he Bandw idt h ( speed) and Duplex
of t he Et hernet NI C ( Net work I nt erface Card) . The default is Aut o
( aut onegot iat ion) , which m eans t he NI C will negot iat e wit h t he hub or swit ch.
The bandw idt h and/ or duplex can be m anually set by rem oving t he check
from t he Aut o box and choosing t he specific opt ion.
Ba n dw idt h - Au t o
I f t he host is connect ed t o a hub or sw it ch port which can do 100 Mbps, t hen
t he Et hernet NI C on t he host will choose 100 Mbps ( Fast Et hernet ) .
Ot herwise, if t he hub or sw it ch port can only do 10 Mbps, t hen t he Et hernet
NI C on t he host will choose 10 Mbps ( Et hernet ) .
D u ple x - Au t o

Hub: I f t he host is connect ed t o a hub, t hen t he Et hernet NI C on t he host will


choose Half Duplex.

Swit ch: I f t he host is connect ed t o a sw it ch, and t he swit ch port is configured


as Full Duplex ( or Aut onegot iat ion) , t hen t he Et hernet NI C on t he host will
choose Full Duplex. I f t he sw it ch port is configured as Half Duplex, t hen t he

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Et hernet NI C on t he host will choose Half Duplex. ( Full Duplex is a m uch
m ore efficient opt ion.)
The inform at ion is aut om at ically saved when ent ered.

Repeat t hese st eps for t he ot her host s. Use t he inform at ion below for I P
Addresses and Subnet Masks.
Host I P Address Subnet Mask
PC0 172.16.1.10 255.255.0.0
PC1 172.16.1.11 255.255.0.0
PC2 172.16.1.12 255.255.0.0
PC3 172.16.1.13 255.255.0.0

Ve r ify t h e in for m a t ion


To verify t he inform at ion t hat you ent ered, m ove t he Select t ool ( arrow) over
each host .

D e le t in g a D e vice or Lin k
To delet e a device or link, choose t he Delet e t ool and click on t he it em you
wish t o delet e.

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St e p 6 : Con n e ct in g H u b0 t o Sw it ch 0

To connect like- devices, like a Hub and a Swit ch, we will use a Cross- over
cable. Click once t he Cross- over Cable from t he Connect ions opt ions.

Move t he Connect ions cursor t o Swit ch0.

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Click once on Swit ch0 and choose Fast Et hernet 0/ 4 ( act ual port does not
m at t er) .

The link light for swit ch port Fast Et hernet 0/ 4 will begin as am ber and
event ually change t o green as t he Spanning Tree Prot ocol t ransit ions t he port
t o forwarding.

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