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Colloquial Palestinian Arabic

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Colloquial Palestinian Arabic

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Asya Pellitteri
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Coll ~i ial Potle.sl Acabice An Introduction t poken Dialect Colloquial Palestinian Arabic An Introduction to the Spoken Dialect Nasser M. Isleem Publisher: Scott Gravina Elita: Azza Alameh Production Controle: Joshua Lubo Layout & Design: Yosra Khali Cover Image: Mohammed Shaker © Copyright 2010 Alucen Learning ISBN 10: 0-9821595-3.6 ISBN 13:978.0-9821595-3.8 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This book is published by Alucen Learning, No part ofthis publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or by any information storage or retrieval system without the prior written permission of the publisher. swunalucen.com Printed in the United States of America 10987654321 Scope and Sequence Preface Acknowledgments Pronunciation Guide Usefull Expressions for the Classroom Unit 1: Welcome to Gaza, People Unit 2: Come in Guys, the House Is Yours Unit 3: Inthe Market Unit 4: Directly from “Tarbuush” Café to Abu Il-Saiid’s House Unit 5: O' Lord! Make It Easy on Us! Unit 6: 0° Abu Salem, You Missed Out on Life! Unit 7: O' Abu Salem, You've Enlightened Ramallah Unit 8: 0" Decent Man! This Is Our Expectation from You Unit 9: By God! We Will Miss You Unit 10: Goodbye, Dearest People Illustration Credits Arabic English Glossary Contents Ride lll § Sled! cae Lad atl 3 eel gltle Olgas elak 538 SS dep Wal UM taal Say Sal Hele gla Srl 3 Hell bel Be EAI” Syd oe ell Bang es ie, Gl We gh Wage ob thls alll eg dL gf Ball oly 5g LU) seg Udall gy bey Lake ble rhea og Ally bgtonygn thal sso | eld Shs 52d) Reg 33 6 101 135 165 201 231 318 319 Scope and Sequence Sa, Saad y bs seg agli wig Learn More about Unit Cultural Notes and Grammar Culture Contexts male Ie ath yaad pad] Swearing sya ie Asking about health Detached and attached Groin ok Aang st ly nde How weyou? $a lancer oa gestions pronouns ab tdel Demonstrative pronouns feet oA Interrogative pronouns Present tense: gat J vale Negation of present ense Common verbs to be memorized Gane “ia x Expressions of thanks Sythe) CAA Popular Palestinian dishes Days of the week yl Lae Gor Words related to time Common expressions and questions ple Past tense and its negation Comon ers to be memoried AB ely ager gue with prepositions and adverbs of place whe Need The usage ofthe lative pronoun The usage of er / of alg Etiquette of serving Arabian coffee Gaia gi ia Way als Sy Popa Palesinn Frit nd vege prove et be Sah iy Sia Connon ves we mena! | mare auesions ‘Common expressions and questions Cafe culture i.) Shisha {$120 Tarnib card game: 8) 2 Giving directions 3a! 2p Common verbs tobe memorized Imperative verbs : i Jub Negation of the imperative Conjunction : Lai Ds Courtesy phrases Tah paw Cun eiaaunal guestions AA gala? Scections from Palestinian wedding songs Heath 0 Palestinian weddings Lah Dy Shale (Common expressions and questions Common verbs tobe memorized Conditional sentences: Gaal gy Seas Se Common vets tobe memorized | Active participles: Jel seb pg tals 2 Cha ‘Common cultural expressions including ative participles won Death and burial in Islam ales Populae Palestinian proverbs about weddings ‘Common expressions and uestions Common vrs tobe memoried Passive verbal) pl! Jail Passive participles ul place Ja New expressions aude oie Conjunetions ahs Ramada its Maal Sal Prayer inthe Algse Mosque abe cS Palestinian jokes Al g Danae ES, ell Sy Useful vocabulary for hotel and post office use ath ey pe ‘Common expressions and questions Common vebs to be memorid 13 bend pe de The usage of Je wl Ge oS es Pronouns of sxparation ‘The wage of oS «Se Theuuge ofa Peoples’ expectations from each other Ba sm oe Cultural expressions Syd Bye ala} ST ial CAL, Additional vocabulary related to banks and financial firs Common expressions and questions Comon et be nemoried Thegennd: ll LE ihdal ‘The Palestinian eureney 10 See tall Jel FASE GSAS] Ay Additional vocabulary elated to tego pte aah dey ga ae ‘Common expressions and Common verbs tobe memoried Comparisons : Juss) sdsansegdbeeriles Na ‘The usage of Us «gale in questions Forming questions using negation with demonstrative pronouns Be le Commonly used phrases related to teaeling LATALPA Preface Collogual Palestinian Arabic has been designed to provide students of Arabic with the tools they need to succeed in learning the spoken dialect of Palestine and the surrounding region, By focusing on the Palestinian dilect, students wil nd tht they are able to acquire the necessary skills to effectively communicate with Arabs not only in Palestine but throughout the Middle East and around the globe. As the sixth most commonly spoken language in the world, a strong knowledge of both written and spoken Arabic is in high demand, creating incredible opportunities for today’s students of language and culture to become tomorrow's global leaders Designed specifically for non-native students, Collagulal Palestinian Arable provides an essential foundation in the spoken dialect of Palestine, focusing on the structure, pronunciation, vocsbulary, culture, grammar, and real-life daly use ofthe language. Following the story of a ‘group of Wester students abroad in Palestine, Colloquia Plestiian Arabie provides students with valuable cultural and linguistic insight that is relevant to their own lives and will inspire them to open their minds to new experiences and perspectives. The interactive audio materials that accompany the text provide invaluable exposure to the spoken word and facilitate the acquisition of Palestinian Arabic as a living language. Before working with Collogual Palestinian Arabic, students should have a working knowledge of Modern Standard Arabic. Since the majority ofthe material in this book is presented in Arabic (grammar explanations and some cultural references are given in English to ensure student comprehension) itis suggested that students have previously completed at leat three semesters of Arabic and have a general understanding of the written language. Recognizing the difficulties thatthe pronunciation of written Arabic may present to the non-native speaker, the Arabic in this book has been vocalized (vowelle) to provide a phonetic guide that provides students with the tools they need to successfully comprehend and replicate the correct sounds of Palestinian Arabic. REELED ILE, te choice to provide students with the opportunity to read the text in vocalized Arabic ‘stead ofthe phonetic Romanization of Arabic is: + Culturally appropriate: giving students additional exposure to and practice with traditional ‘Arabic seript + Accurate: avoiding errors in the transcription and mispronunciation of certain letters, words, snd phrases due to the inherent differences between the two alphabets + Simplified: eliminating the confusion of switching between two different alphabets Guided: vocalized Arabie offers students a precise phonetic guide that will prove easier to follow and reproduce when used in conjunction with the recorded audio files ‘Level appropriate: students that have studied written Arabic and are looking to acquire conversational skis in a colloquial dialect will benefit from the additional exposure to the writen script Clloguiat Palestinian Arabic sims at developing 2 novice-high to intermediate-high level of language proficiency with special emphasis on listening and speaking. Knowledge of the rich and attractive spoken dialect of Palestinian will provide an excellent gateway to the Arabic world. In Gaza, one can hear the dialect of the people of Yaffa and the dialects of the nearby towns and villages. In Ramallah, one may hear the dialect of Khalalah “the people from Hebron” in addition to the dialects of many surrounding towns and villages. By learning the language and culture of Palestine, students will broaden their horizons, acquire new skills, and ‘8in invaluable insight that will better prepare them to become globl citizens. Learning Outcomes Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: + Introduce themselves and request personal information from others on a vatety of topics, such as health, travel, and the family *Greet others and appropriately handle social interactions + Maintain a conversation with native speakers and use coustesy phrases + Order @ meal and shop for vegetables, fruits, clothes, and sweets ‘Ask about, describe, and compare different things, people, objects, and scenes + Use adjectives to easily talk about, describe, and compare past, present, and fatue situations + Ask for services, give instructions, and provide directions 1 Use language freely in order to deal with different social and cultural situations such as reals, funerals, weddings, and jokes ‘Interact appropriately with others ata variety of locations such as the barber shop, hotel, border crossing, check point, and airport “+ Narrate and describe specific life experiences, trips, and social occasions using present, past, fiatuce, and the imperative + Participate actively in conversations in most informal and formal settings by using language and cultural expressions to make requests, express, describe, and compare preferences Organization of the Book Colloguiat Palestinian Arabic is designed to be the primary text for a dialect course. We expect that the challenging yet stimulating content available inthis book will provide an incentive for students to want to improve thei language skills and gain a deeper understanding ofthe culture and traditions ofthe Arabic-speaking world It is expected that each unit of Collaguial Palestinian Arabic wil take an average of 9 to UL contact hours. Students should expect to spend at least twice as much time outside of cass studying and preparing their materials. This textbook has been designed to give instructors the freedom to deliver the lessons the way they deem most appropriate for their students, but based on the fact that vocabulary, common expressions, and grammar are constant recycled throughout the units, you may find it helpful to follow the order of the lessons provided.in ‘each of the ten units in this book you will find the following sections: Story & Dialogue Each chapter opens with a carefully scripted dialogue that follows the story of three North ‘American students and their Palestinian fiends as they travel throughout Gaza, the West Bank and Jordan. The dialogues have been constructed in such a way so as to present students and instructors with examples ofall aspects of eollagual Palestinian Arabic, including diction, syntax, intonation, and stress, Each chapter features one original dialogue that provides the basis for vocabulary, grammatical concepts, and cultural content introduced throughout the chapter. Vocabulary and Cultural Expressions New vocabulary and common expressions presented here are taken from the context of the main dialogue. Additional words and expressions (other than those mentioned in the dialogue) are added to provide active vocabulary that students may need when completing the rest of the chapter activities. Active Use of Language and Cultural Concepts ‘The vocabulary and cultural concepts are enhanced by drills and content-based activities that ray be conducted ether in the classroom or assigned for completion outside of clas. These activities will provide needed practice in both writen and spoken Arabic but will focus on developing listening and speaking skills ina cultural context. Audio recordings of all chapter dialogues are performed by native speakers of Palestinian Arabic and provide students with a precise model for pronunciation and intonation. Common verbs Each chapter includes ten additional new verbs for study and practice. Giving students small closes of verbs in each chapter will facilitate their ability to master their use and incorporate them into their active vocabulary. This seetion is supplemented by practice activities which will help students utilize these verbs in real life situations. Grammar Grammar concepts are explained through clear, concise examples that will help learners freely use the language in a variety of cultural contexts and practical settings. All grammar ‘explanations are provided in English with illustrative examples in Palestinian Arabic. It is suggested that students study the main grammar points on their own before coming to class, allowing more class time to be used for review, clarification, and active language production All grammar topics are linked directly to the main dialogue and related cultural concepts in each chapter. The natural design of the storyline serves to illustrate the grammatical structures, contextualize linguistic and cultural functions, and encourage overall language production, Students wil find that they are quickly able to build wpon and enhance their previously acquired language skills with each new lesson in Colloquia Palestinian Arable end should be encouraged to work with grammar rules asa tol for language production. Each {grammar lesson is supplemented with a variety of small group task-based and communicative exercises that may be done ether in the classroom or at home. Conversation and Real Life Situations Each lesson features conversational practice activities that include examples ofthe functions expressions and cultural concepts that are covered in the lesson, Conversation equips students with the ability to expres themselves freely using their own input and thoughts. Ia real life situations, students will also learn to incorporate recycled vocabulary, expressions, and cultural concepts in a multitude of new settings. More New Expressions and Conjunctions More commonly used expressions and conjunctions are included inthis section to help students gain a better understanding ofthe Palestinian language and culture. CALORIE Learn More about Palestinian Culture ach chapter is concluded with a presentation of new cultural concepts and settings provided in both English and Palestinian Arabic. Culture is an essential part of the language learning experience and is carefully incorporated in the practice activities ofeach chapter to provide students with the tools they need fora successful journey to learn the Palestinian language and culture ‘The following supplementary materials are provided to ai students and instructors in the use ‘of Collogual Palestinian Arable: Glossary ‘An Arabic-English glossary is provided atthe end of the book for easy reference. The glossary includes all vocabulary and common expressions presented in each chapter with theie ‘corresponding English meaning. Audio Recordings Listening tents are recorded for personal and in-las use. Native voins fom Palestine are cused to expose the learner to natural speech patterns and contexts. Website Additional supplementary information and links to the audio recordings may be found at the publisher's website wwwalucen.com, Acknowledgments ‘Without the help and support ofthe following people, this book would have never become a realty. A special thank you goes to my parents, Mohammed and Fatmab, whom I thank for their love and support. Without question I am ever grateful to my wife Laila and my ‘childeen Ahmed, Basseema, Ayah, and Omar who have felt the pain and joy of this project, and supported and encouraged me in spite of all the time it took me away from them. It was a Jong and difficult journey for them. I would like to thank Alucen Learning and its energetic director, Mr, Scott Gravina, for taking such a great interest in this book and for enabling me to make it se the light. I would li thank all of my friends and colleagues for their support, excitement, and encouragement. [ am also indebted to my students at UNC, Duke, and Dusham Technical Community College who ‘were always enthusiastic participants in my classes. Their positive reactions and enthusiast for learning Arabic language and culture have significantly influenced me to write the book. Last and not last beg forgiveness of all those who have been with me over the course of the ‘years and whose names Ihave failed to mention — Nasser M. Isleem About the Author Nasser M, Isleem is a native of Palestine and brings many years of experience teaching alllevels of Arabic language and culture at UNC-Chapel Hill, Duke University, Meredith College, and Durham Technical Community College. He currently teaches at UNC, Duke, and DTTC. He was appointed to teach at UNC, Duke, and Meredith in 2003 and to DTCC in 2008. Professor Isleem has authored two other scholarly books and specializes in teaching Arabic to non-Arabic speaking students. His teaching interests include Arabic language, culture, and Egyptian and Palestinian dialets. He is also deeply commited to offer training to teaching assistants and lecturers to help them better realize their potential through the integration of culture in language teaching, Professor Islem isthe recipient ofthe Student Undergraduate Teaching and Staff Awards in 2006 at UNC-Chapel Hil QP wide dale) lye am, Lal Pronunciation and Area of Laid Pronunciation Example 7 Cin some cities like Gaza, Jerusalem, Yala } (third) CI LU» in cities like Gaza, Yaffa and Jerusalem | (speech, talk) pio “jin some cites like Gaza, Jerusalem and Yaffa] (liar) 0S 5 >in dffeent cities of Southern Palestine ian) 0S & in the Palestinian villages (that as |} in Gaza and different parts of Palestine | (little, young) 2} oe i (screamed) $i (ero) jie & 43 im some cites lke Gaza, Jerusalem and Yala | offer) Lal “pin some cities lke Gaza, Jerusalem and Yafla | (correct, right) Ley w 7 (width, honor) bin some Palestinian villages (width cf 1tis pronounced a g,a8in the word “garden” | (aeong) «5b in some Palestinian villages and in Gaza coe we 8 Sin some Palestinian villages (strong) 6 «in cities like Jerusalem and Yaffa (strong) «531 ‘Guias in (child) Ins used in Palestinian 4 villages and particularly amongst older (belly, stomach) ‘generations Not pronounced at the end of the word -awhen it sits on a chaie 5 CLLLLL LLL Pronunciation and Area of ee Pronunciation Example The word Cis a Pronounced asin the English word “paint” | pronounced as Cy a 3 Pronounced asin the English word “boat” | The word eee pronounced as Cp ine & Lay (vote) Geen ise etes Do you understand? : $/ als Tdo not understand: lb» Yes 3gh/7 No Allittle :354 So sot at ud do not know: (ii le How do we say.uinthrabie?: £3 lly Again please! i! Together : ai Lien iy Repeat: 3S Work by yourself (imperative): lle) Jin2! ‘Work in groups of two (in pairs): Ub Glog hin2 Example: Je Situations: ily PELDPLDDDD RR y lel a lt of ne sae poe? aU “n 550 ve » “hig . Se ee on ey exe ty Askin, Rallye a onto “<3 rag men 7 const ea “i sie sheep 2 ey al) Se ple dlyl tl el ele beg pes edly lat Jt We Lod Coal :JZle Woggh ad LL Re yy fle WS Sys he 3S Spall yo Gy lll yb eye LAP L ag gle J SEL gl 5 gyal & go gal kee eal al UL 2) 59 6 al) cae yh gleb Sh Seb Wb ai ait Lad oy ly 53 ey el fush ae Va ae. Ses Ser UL gl hay tale Bly By ple ely (ue Le gf Eb Moly yl oe Sigh or Ke ae tL of © $a Sals i gale 558 se Sip ip NAS, hele ayy 5b ltl poll Ol SS aK sons lb os oe BSH LL « ota 5 oS Uh ja yl WS ge Uy Se US ee abl ele of é Wyte Rafah Crossing Get up Enter (Imperative) 2 wl Outside & Sli Oh, Lal) ples gt Good Sleep wie | “This expression is often used when someone tres to do something but itis too late It may also be said to someone who bas slept lat, especially if they have failed to take care of their obligations. | pelle fearesponse to ALI Cul Life is ill on ee Without shaking 5 Aitiny: BEV KH gal oesll In adeep sleep Gof 05 3 “eae g fi nee glatle, Dp Dee be [pe cap gel #il ae {ask your permission, | ‘The word “dastuus” literally means “constituion.” In colloquial use it means “permission.” For example, many people say jul Jal jy meaning “with your permission, oh you a) people of the house.” It is usually said by a guest when entering a hhouse in case the women are not properly covered. Whats wrong?/ What’ with you? pil il pat = ils Itis illuminated by its folks WY iS seal Puzzled and restless ‘This is said about a restless person that is not able to sit stl. I can Y yale dlcrbe worried person who seeks soliton tohisorber problems. UP Uae 5 Enough Dad, lest Mom hears you Some iy ga yo compliment someone's herage oii. ames 6 ol May God increase the level of your honor ‘his expression acts as a preposition and means “for” or “fr the sake of” “This expression may mean “sorry.” “take it easy,” “do not worry,” or “its not a big deal.” It may be used to save face for both the person styles = thee ‘who says it and the addressee. Ifyou please, with your permission. £3} ge Ss eo] oT pall eo Iwish Thad i ‘The term cy8 literally means “appetite” or “desire,” but when it b gd | comes attached to a pronoun, it means “to long for” ot “wish.” | Be careful not to. ‘As you know 3,5 (be ‘May God keep you for us Ly Ske ai 2 aiiep oat (ooh g a) 1) Leah Oly ine lags lagacel “59. b gall” EGBA MN Olea, LG) al © Spas Bla) ST ld 15 STS oS taghith gy C722 ASI peed as (op Fg oslas S ——_—____. 3 > (lS yA) be I, 2) (om) iS edb lea (or) SEO IS pol gt ye at az (one) bull le fle gf glte Lal? JL. 3 ) Bynall sll o& LE Yy tite Le dle gf fle shew J Lg past gal Cove) eS ghee gh fle gl 6 — (all goa A) HVE gale 3) Spl Sd gat SLI al 4 Solan ULI ST 5 BE gs Som ALS SPL G cel ole oo Bad I 6 & iralyedipt Sa inal US SJL GS OY! + [On top ofthe wind, great g$\ 338 / Thank God abl Soh / a aH Not bad sas OY ISL gil JR AFI Se lahat ok ct AW AN ga = ei ds [SR ~ byals [by 165) 593 [a a4\ il sss CH! ale be To tee 9 aang we Sous azll chet afl Olt che a SS IN che b 3h ley reall tll cheb Sie Ll elle aa eat Sle ph shes dil cheb pull Sey x pha Se & aah oe Sip] sual af SENS oe BS ESLG oe OF alae / Sale oy» GS ay bale al ai LL ad ig aa pe maieniee Pe gage / gab et shiny Feeling hot Feeling cold Hungry Fall Thirsty Lay Bored, fed up Wrong Happy Sad, upset Tired Regretful Drunk Disgusted “Absent minded ‘A Worried opis ‘Sweating opie Scared Sick glee ll a TAngey newous ae Calm cpl Annoyed te Sleepy pls has! (Gadi § oi) SF Qe gs clatter 4) set She ae ply HEB La gla ca Caly full op le lke 4 3 ihing glares gLite ISG, deine Qld (Gaally Call B 8) BL gabe J Sly ale B Aelal gosrnl 5 cdl ply pled iple/ tele 2) ythele u (appointment) shee ss | She 2 weal BE pe ple cy he agipY diel ca gals Gad 3 of) GN gh plas Jad Ulal a9, ke 8) boom ub or BF sow tail J Shy (Le 5 Kb Joss Bat) Wa gate More soley se on IMIG Joell © 7) AGally amaep wages Jol Ul Jas gle gi AA gly ee pecrens nol goed oye Uulal gh gi § hy Bt ye OFT (Gall Sgn) Gill gol Obie 4S GU okye 3 jes! 8) aK AS Jat dala GLE gle yoga Stal p te Ss Iso yds IF ee leg JAE y als 9 col dele the jb kee (Gall 3 aA) ily de sat Dre Cay j Calle Cay al ly bal pg Sst blag Selb ch) whe Le his 5 gee gle UF Fut y aA Cal IL, sell Bp gat BE Sol ole cee I lly gee gat Foal Ib (Gal 3 uA) Shs Jet 10) 1 Did they ba» god nights dnp eed 2. Where are “ey going today? 3. What do they wish to have for lunch today? 44 Have they eaten Plestinian food before? Ist int 5 Are they hungry or fall? >: Latelly tLaitel jell! pall gol Hall, peal 1 Aiieds BELO Caysur ell oval i gull Jal sal at Ga Ble / sla ale / ble / tbls oa aa Belge ae Spb Ig Sab Ys ah gl oat Sil ool Jat sal Sal aed ells Sha] Has alla / Sia Sati els Chas | Sas sd | Lib as,t Nps Spb N/R A ail BL Il &. os a ol ose adh lee dy 1 93 ole! yal glee / yagi st a ge bee 3 hee col! 51 eo A) ais f Bis g 6524 AN sae 93 la £ 85 Ce BS oe [Sl pele ol (Sad gd oud) Halll J gle Jyia a 11 1. Who are those bored boys? 2 They were in a deep deep becuse they didnot slarp at all unl they reached 5, Who's the cutie that siting thre? 1 fee that she is absent minded 6.Oh! Dear friend, you're not a stranger. Come and let me introduce you to the So so, but I am starving What i it with you standing outside now? Please come in 9 Minds Be NR eG Gent Se ot het ts oe ty oe ee ae ce ei oh oe i 3 ws 4 ned of os of The prefix (,) is used to: Indicate a habit : jell ae eg, JS ple Indicate a progressive action: Cull (gl ype 2-The word sel (literally means “siting") may precede the imperfective verb 8 “Lam drinking water” followed by(.,)to indicate progression. Example : ais chy (aD bt) Jat 12) 2] o)alale}| e lelalal a ot - ee she gets jealous ss J = Jeet He invites He puts He rides He searches for He stants ) m4) + pall bls G= pall cat Sh b= Kyle ‘sat a amw inte seal om ai He sees, he watches He brings He comes He waits ° He does, he makes nil d yt 13) lop Puls St. Mele fe yall Shy JL le AM oy HY all Shade pal yll giy Gel FyoLl hay Fall gga US Fa eS J a ally Call Sook 14) ogi 3] Jatt, ash LU Sta rere ily Sle ge bs So Se Go Jar 9ST we ‘The imperfect can be similar to the infinitive but must. be conjugated. tis used in the following cases: 1. After another verb or an active participle. 2. After a modal, for example: Fgh Dale = oS hgagse I eae gil SEIT Soar SEI aH EI VO pb oT Pe Gare = dally xt gare OSH fall Spt iY “ 3. The imperfect is always used after Lig / Js sing (let, make, keep, be) & Gd Jé ‘This imperative may be used with or without a pronoun suffix to indicate different meanings: With a pronoun suli-+ adjective at cs 2-With a pronoun sufi + adverb Bam gen gle ds 3-With a pronoun suffix + humen noun (let, make, have someone do something, allow, permit) pie ches all & 4-Without a pronoun sulfx + non-human (leave, keep) dosed Kak Shall Jo alee pelill= lal > 3 wih ei Svcs a 1-Comes followed by an unmarked imperfect which means “be careful not to." spollcalle dle 2 GI 2-The expression above without a following verb may also indicate either “watch out,” “clear the way” of “make room." For example: wel pl SIL Sak 43 3! gle LM plat BHT ale pal 5-The expression above + a negative verb acts atx double negation. “You must do.” She ASI ad be gal 4-The expression above + the imperfect of G6 indicates the hope that something has hap- pened of will happen, or conversely, the fear that it might not AS 5 3S 55) Either meaning “still” or “ust” when used with active participles, the meaning is based on If the participle is progeesive: “sil” If the participle is perfect: “just” ‘The context ofthe sentence: Tve just arived. hay Aud tt She just left. dalle Xe They're stil tired. qghas Lal > Pll ole] le This le is the assertive ls and is used to indicate justification, reason, and explanation or as ‘a particle of emphasis, tell je spall on ipl de crt on Sel isl ‘Acconjunction which carries the meaning of “until” and may introduce a sentence or may be used as a connector. Noo 4) Shel gedle ghigh gost Lead ahs Zul Sb erly gad Leak Jsi= Meaning “because,” $e may be followed by an explanation, a subject pronoun or @ pronomi ral sub 980 aly be je “Leal Blase bs Wel is | en Meaning “take it easy” or “sorry,” utes may be used to apologize for making a mistake. It may also be used to console or show forgiveness when others do not full an obligation oF duty. el Leal g Aijel aad | gS tee Ung Lays NLS ol gil UT lew Jel b ‘This expression is equivalent to "Bete luc next time” and encourages someone to keep ty. ing where they have previously filed, “appetite.” When itis connected with an attached pronoun, it means “to ‘wish.” When itis followed by the imperfective verb, no (.) is needed to be 3. & call bv 15) sage Joa Wola bagless Sas Fs Sa NI RLY Ag gle fog 3 dihind Heb 5 Sl sau NS trap al ey ang 17) (oul 3 oa) 1. He was supposed to do his homework before he came, aang Swearing : cyedh Oil, Say Mh ale age Segue dle Seb Es epladl ah atl call tle 5 ASS) Oy y cpl al, cal, STA aad yb <5 BN DS antl y olay Angels Mb Ghat ab as ord Kye y KM, ish call Gloss yl Ady o Fy eegllbe gly bale sNeks Glas Gob 43 5 by my moustache sib - Lover by my honor i « S55 Hlny «ght they «gle y Byard lelbdel ‘This game is practiced by both boys and girls, but itis more common among boys. The play- ers will begin by tossing a coin to choose the “victim” for the first round. When chosen, the “victim” will sit in the middle of a circle formed by the other players close his eyes and cover his ears with his hands. Next, one of the boys from the circle wil slap the “victim” gently ‘on the neck. The slapper then quickly returns to stand among the rest of the group who all [Ny ighll ana ll Sait aig a No one Mah a lee + Sioa "nose ght meet ‘— So be: ab wed a “i SES ve r set pede) are eg niet wtb Shay Sa Con arate | cater ere — eat ive sp dg Soy i the mgetege | ~ | ties doll She stat oS aglall da} Sie $5 fil, adele Kgl 5 gL Sy «eal G cnet gal ehdy 250) gol slp ble fl ahd Gel bacglo olay gl ot ASS jad spe! Jo lay TAS, Was Seah aie 1d? cole | SH ali Jal aye Lebo oo BI Spy Hy lJ otf a a - Ben op bape GE Si EOE ge cat fel OSE ca by VK Saat ala Vy GS gla cule Usa gai Je 5 Seb dt ISL igh ai LE yl St VS ASAE Gen ek 9B Gah gL gi pl ile Slee bond ily iop | a je fle Upside down Tiss one ofthe Roasted chicken pel ‘ae Sed 3 Wings Soo ae (3) slit! cl,Lall flee id by people, men in particular, while entering a house. It means “L ask your permission” but the word pl refers to God and literally means “the Coverer.” Covered: The host says this in response to a guest when he says zl ‘The house is yours. A host says this to make a guest feel comfortable and most welcomed. No stranger except the satin, meaning you're not a stranger so please feel at home. May you be safe It also may be used to say thank you, Glory be to God is used when praising or admiring something or ‘This much Prayers upon the prophet: This saying is used when praising or ad- iting something or someone. Nothing equals your value. In the above dialogue it means that we still have shortcomings and you still deserve better. Exclamation of amazement, admiration or grief about somet “There goes/go...! What a pty for.....1 How nice is/are. What is with you? Hionor us. In daily use it means “come in.” My dad's right arm. In general it refers tothe person that my dad” ogh » | depends on fo his business or work. cod sl How do you like. (Oh Earth! Take care of the one walking on you. This may be said by ‘aman to fli with a beautiful woman, Lucky you! Woe unto you! Keep away from trouble and sing to it. The English equivalent can be “never trouble trouble until teouble troubles you.” This expression is used to urge someone to keep eway from anything that may cause problems or affect you negatively ‘The ministry ofthe interior: This expression may refer toa wife, who in traditional culture usually takes care ofthe domestic concer. Your mother-in-law loves you. This is said to someone who coinci- dentally comes to visit another person while they are eating. The host uses this expression as an invitation to the visitor to join him and break bread. have no appetite. ‘Two healths: This is usually said by someone who was invited to eat ‘but has no appetite. It may also be said by someone to another after burping. 1 die in: In daily use this means “Iove .. so much!” 1 die from: In daily use it means “I hate .. 0 much!” ‘This meal was counted on you, s0 eat with your eyes wide open! This ‘expression is said by a host to his guest in order to encourage them to ‘eat without feeling shy or awkward. The host's intention here is not to count the meals he has offered to the guest or to watch how much they eat but to break the ice and make sure that the guest does not leave with an empty stomach, “Always: This is said by a guest to the host afer they finish their meal or drink. ‘This expression is sad to someone who is about to eat or is busy eat- ing. It means “Bon appetite” or “I hope you enjoy the meal.” Stay and keep our company; Keep entertaining us! May God entertain you is a response suid to the above expression, What do you have to do next? ‘What do you wish for? What is on your mind? 1 will let you know! Not at all, Do not mention it ls ge ce ‘Thanks ye Ie literally means “upon my eyes and my head” (you're weleome, at your service). ive! gills, God bless you You're welcome iyic Thankyou so mich 41 cha And Shur hands oo £8 5 ant yout you. something, or to someone who'has cooked something * “ tasty. It.means “May your hands be kept: sale” May God reward you! Satlp 3 Ag gt Salat ull Heald wd 1) 5 Ue S's lapel “yo bil” E38 as BN bel 5 US ei BS shibe 15 75S aS lagi yb 5 729 OU rad yt lal ysis (Call g oui) LEY, 2) (one) sol dle gl gh3 Yea ) spat BE spl p OLE pj alps 2 (oe) Gelenldl Sop Cay ple 6 wl cette giles Gltll 7 (Baal y Call b gud) HM G gale 3) pdb stat al Tle gf ae cay ly fad dup a sap CE WE MN pl Kb Sige oF 4] SE cb 3 Sila BAY SNL ge bm Sa iron le lhe bb ied de WS 4 SSA obk GG yw See as Sopa we 7, SW Obl oe ba lS Soe ait oy 5 otal Lal 5 SA) bake Jar gles gloe OLS 43, 4) ttle — Le — Gab — Call b= Sy — asl is Soe ae ba sel 5S~ 55 ~ BI~ Lath 6 po — Calle = Bi pb — ga = tla, — eat — sha — ay — UI ih S — det — on dy Gag = ge = peb— geal — obs] — yea — 9 10 ert ay tall ae 3b pal IL Ey Cay deel GES AILYL 5) (Gall Sill BAe Lb IF Spada Ly aha ay LBS sok Nth ole lyse (cal oh 2s) ttle Sey Sal. «he gl i Label ight 3h alge | glad dod g [gow Jeol yale b ail ol Ble GStbe gl Aad coi) ly a lst Jy lal apa, JG) (Chal lie) Ral -2 aul 4 opis Hor, spicy Hot (temperature) Fy Dy Soft Sour Sweet Biter Say Tasty (Call bw) D sh SUS Gal ye py Rill AT Jat deg Sy lege Nh Ss wae a3 yal fit pal : all bo au be / Se / iyo be 7 chy sl Bont) Sell ce Og Bt le 5 jo Jan le a Goll od Joy 8) + (Guat 3S lll g tia steal, ae oth bh feat} DLE ped QM ASI J LK ge et Jel Q) do gh Aad Lata a baby caf cle pat gl 2 seal gb BT inn (Gal 3 oui) cll set 10) Boece gts Coad ole alle sandy ae gle eal lb a Sgubll g Sy be ipl wl 4) SLY dalall HG st. + Sah Se fe 5S le BE ye a et HB LU I AS ds bb J 3 Wath gS al 9S gps y Saal le/al} G8 Fy ge eV b= Sls] Wm pS bo} len Bib RL Le oil TASS or all atl aly OLY GH 4 Gil GH JH be ye 12) (Cath 3 ou Nalanss pool, wong Lath ing gle bP 2 Suing: Sowa ase Leathgoot) 19) sole (ASL ge scl gl Ea} 2085 te ca US) iain 3 54) Jus al pai Had breakfast bal anes se oS ole ype] alalalal te ge He felt oF He found Z He forgot eo © He tod, he hat £ He aghed Jee then gt | He paid, he pushed & He entered ceed (423! 19) Cote gall b laglen, gFOb oe Gaal Sls ILS glade GLY yy ded gal (asin sal Sat gt 59h Bl JS ples Se) HlelLI gala gp Mell SS og idafa” where they become 61 /_ yl || oe Example: eel al g pet \ Palestinians also use the words WJ ally instead ofthe word A | | | ese two words have special form i | | } CO orl Possessive pronominal suffixes with prepositions and adverbs of place = gle let gla = ye wake leg) chad = gue bt sued i yt eee wd = tee ot Shine dis i isl ve dl] fst = sas bt tlhe. jis oi bs es = lest Sere Dee nse « di) ee 2) = Sus lf Aue | wes | Reet Se SB a PSiish = Scot Ss La = Lae Le # Glee = Lad ibe = uue uy Speke pew djLed = ae Lf Lalas = Ngee se Whee Wy dabie de AQ indicates the following: 1. Mental condition: SU (yds ll 2 With nonhuman: oly if i) Blea 5 With relatives: 5 bal 4 To expres duesiV49 \++ «gue el Jey y= tlh rgb Vel Iya ps 15s ale ‘You've no business here. Its not your business! Its not his business! I will not interfere with your business! ub indicates the following: L-A physical condition ge3 sxe (pain) 1 Position of objects or things (including intangible things) Blas Aa = tL # she yy sie Lagat Bly Shs fae BSL # Shs Uy giles Lg Uy aly tide = Gtsal gle # slog Ualyy take = Uilalyye # lay SF aed: Sop Behe chil (Gal 3 8) se SIL ys) leyh sf gab Mg ye 16) fea sJbb any 2 Do they have another choice? $6 UL ,4is 6 SS oh cle 7 $(crrand) ye lalyy 8 Is she in the mood for drinking? a zis Wl 9 ous ert 1. The verb must agree with the modified noun (where the noun i the subject ofthe verb), Example: 2, When the modified noun isthe object ofthe verb, pronoun that agrees with that noun must follow the verb. Example: ed GL ge Ast Syed (refrigerator) 43. The modified noun isthe object of a preposition. Example: FO S35 48 Mout 2h Dib Yel Here the verb is intransitive and the attached fet e pronoun is connected tothe prepostion. te js Bt be Wg Cob east lee al | Here it is used to mean “who.” Hire it i used to mean “what.” Sealand lil Se ge slp gi sl gad JH Soa 1A Se BI pl =| Here it means “that.” pital MSS Tt should not be fllowed by an adjective. wpe ley lew WE Quint wo ey: Gopael se AAA let b dal! olyaadll ge eS Iga Bree Similar to the possessive pronoun it s used to denote possession. It literally means “thin,” Tt cannot be used with body organs or family members and operates as place holder forthe noun that refers tothe owned item that is always definite. ly should agree in number and gen- ‘der with the noun that precedes it. Note that possesive pronouns can be added tothe word gz depending on the owner. Examples: - ££), 8. | HY) ey Leas Ses es Relationship be (Relationship between tween thn arhuman beingand | human being another human being = from a higher position) es ahah, (Relationship between a human being and ‘another human being {om a lower position) Seles Vy sas slo of le whe pa Ble oul Le Wl Y, Cl Y Bla Jal 3 Yy SUEY AY bas CYL 4 10 ee (is worth) 5554 oe ba 5 Od, Le pics Ab SE Be {am the man of all tasks i sth lag & oa dl} oe Note that both expressions mean “if only” and indicate an eagerness for the condition to hold cdl asa Ua de Jee b wud @ (al 3 xa) Shly JL 47) 1..Do they lke sweets? 2. When was the last time they had a headache? 3. Do they have an appetite to eat at night? 44 Must they run some errands today? 5. Do they have work today? 6. What isthe Palestinian meal that they love the most? 7. Do they like spicy or sour food? 8. When do they fel that they are happy? 9+ What makes them laugh? 10- Are they in the mood for drinking? CR S cA) Hel JI le Juin 18) 1. By God, itis still eaely. Let's drink some tea with sage. 2 Lucky. yout ‘She loves you to death, 3 Why are eu | absentminded? Let's est, man, the food i 20 ‘sy 4. We were not lay bat wwe were tired. SiN & avast 3 Oui g fll C2 Serve the coffee starting from the right side even if Abu Zeid (a well-known Arabian knight from Banu Hilal) is sitting on the left side. Serving coffer starting with those siting on the right side is central to traditional Bedouin customs. The person serving coffee must hand the cup to the guest using his right hand. The guest may shake the empty cup as sign that he does not want any more coffe. Privleging the right hand over the left comes from Islam, which preaches that Satan uses his left hand while eating and drinking ‘Alter the gues finishes drinking their cup, Pag they say 12 which means “may your home ff always be inhabited and full” Some Pales- tinians say 4g which means “may it always be served." The host then replies by saying ae? which means “to your health” (or itrally, I wish you two healths). ‘When coffe is served in a deceased per- son's house Illy one says cis which means “I hope we come to visit you in Pleasant times.” A traditional story centered on the role of coffee in Arabic culture tells of lazy jobless man who regularly used to go to one of the ‘cafés, The waiter would ask him, “What can I bring you?” and the man would reply, “Do you have cold coffee?” (something that Arabs generally do not drink). The waiter would always ‘espond, “No, we do not have it.” However, one day the waiter decided to serve him what he wanted and replied, “Yes, we do have cold coffee today.” The man then looked at the waiter ‘and said, “Well, go shead and heat it up for me.” ASSIST SIS SSSI ABIL das ll z : ete oe \ Se PMs" we Contaxg, si po st" ws s 3 Fruits ang o* 8008388 \ Common: cy eetables wot vot eet ook - ve | Ge! slp dle fle ph ple Bleek GALI Ska slg UB chee lly dle §SShe AF shaal Mis 5 el 5a che ssh ai) atl lal Je ple de fl agli gla LSI BNE gl LL GF Last UT ail, qa g ode FE talk (hs Se syd SAS Sig WL dele YE Vly $318 VSTadh at oon oe Small ea gale le : Rao 9g Bowe ale ea abs Sha Syd ec Spall” A Coaet N S WShe SLU ZL ble gl (ae 3) CBS cosy WL ig 4 eb oS gpl Woh Be pte yf Lal old YB pl ie i bed GL | Sy Se SS LE Gs We SSE PL GL 8) zi Spe Msi She ISG cde gl aN, as i Lely dae Wg Vek sah 3A ALDI A delyd wild (oy Spat) Hille Be ab oe v FHL ei len J) IS ya Lt sey lle Jd gia Saas Vile See Seid) cpa bl KS § Kt 100 5 lee ihe age TS SH 100 Gl ole gle ple SS 89 SL al SAS a ee 2 i Poe WSS Maw oles Le AS a g , Gprilele ssi g cya Ul Shas 1 a8 Se pls Ins a OS Jed 5 al 8 Sesdl sib cle AF Se Ne gue igh! sS'05 ope Sigh cate \cfons Wg LET Le Kaba get tl Sle DY i opel ga ale ag Le ry Se glen § Het ab fle gh Scot yl ghendll KS Lae AT lay falety ie Sle 4 IIS 130 Jl ole fF alot heal JG ce yl gf pet 5 st 3 Gril g og} » Nob s LH Eady He ay fe ‘ Se lak Sse AS Spell orl las gale Se Le bee ail Lt ol Uy Jy J dee ol Me spel ale «Sle perl Orly wb al gle ep ay tae 9S 4 sey sas oy galt Sa fle lh th SE le ote 2g abl ae etcy bal, Use gle cas dL of 15 Sle sem CEU ocd) ga “This isi to hummus, but the Aiference i that it ismade of whole cooked chick peas, alive oil and lemon jue. Gave someone a hard time, made someone's life hard Fruits ‘The market, the mal Go: An imperative verb that is used for masculine plural ‘The butcher “Take me: An imperative verb that, ‘is used for masculine pla Sellers) Watermelon Knife verb, meaning “bring me.” Pie(s) Cheese pie ‘Thyme Managish or ra-jeaa, «pasty isan Arabic food consisting of dough topped with cheese, thyme or ground reat, and is famous in many Mile Eastern counties Similar toa piesa, itcan be sliced orfolded andcan i cither be served for breakfast of lunch, Baba ghanoyj (or “babe ghanoush”) isthe Ambie name i for roasted eggplant with tahini. Personally ea) 7 CLE LLLELILES a i | “Tomatoes ae a ga gt lowest price can do Eggplant Red Apples Listen up Bargain The price Bought (Is buying) Foreigner: This commonly used regarding people i from the West. This expression goes back to the times ofthe Ottoman Empire Priced (verb) Sell Dress Display case Fitting room? das Wrap this des for mel &® AAW ob all Slee 73! all ‘That was harsh! You musta’ do (say) that! (On an empty stomach; before breakfast This is equivalent to “do not mention it” or “no problem.” The literal translation is “you're not giving me a hard time or anything.” ‘An expression used by sellers to altract buyers for their watermelon, asif they were saying “This fresh watermelon i ready tobe cut bya eat b SSI ¢ Inf, so hurry up.” OK, that’s fine! gl 1 Tm the bes at bargining Jo8 ae th ‘You should give us a break (regarding price. . belFal | ‘We're you frequent customers. aaj} ‘The Kind (one of the attributes of God). ata” ‘© my God! Good heavens! For goodness sake! bil Impossible. ‘Not all apples are the same. Hurry up, come on! Finish it up! if in a hurry, gal ell ‘This is an expression that is used to calm a person down, it coul mean “easy...easy.” It can also be said by someone who disapproves >it ‘of what someone ese does or says ‘Meaning “pull yourself together, be strong.” it can sometimes mean “do wel” in an exam or a competition. It can also be said to some- cone who i taking their time doing something to urge them to move a> et faster People say it s well when they offer condolences to relatives of é the deceased to encourage them to be strong isis equivalent to “come one, give me a break” and is usually said’ + ei ee ea aalaadl cs eeu cena 555 Listen to this talk! Tam fed up. I wish. Who cares. Never Leave him alone! It can also mean “ignore him." ‘As you wish at your discretion; as you please: a you lik. Let me pay for it, It's not going to work like this (this is not right). He milks the ant, but in daly use it means “He's very stn Foryoureye's tke This i sed when someone wa to Ash oe ash OS cAbdh = cobgly = Jubb, dele = lL) Mey Belt bus ue ve | Sweater ye Vek Saye Head scarf jae = las) Skirt 58 i 1 ded: 5ody lay = ols et ake Je Kaffyeh, head dress Headband worn on top of a (igsd 1) UB Je aS al gl @ a 4K ll 4 LS B Sie 15 SIS aS sill ap 5 229 AKI pas ype bd yi ew gad KEI, ge 2) Sea Galle MHL ha sai ¢ Js gS Ll 2 cane) Sql ge tad sb fle gh 5 sSpl GUE JAM glee AF y GUE IL gh 6 (Gaal y Cat! God) SNE ule 3) 5 sgaill ¢ SST Lt A Sy ell oy & 2 Ball g bls ow 3 fest Ch oy hy B Sgt SE ae 4 He lyul G8 Soa SL & Sigillg ilgyadd | Sy & lle Pear wa Pope gt % Parsley, ine Radish ao) Sua cae. (se das) as hah (Gall Cath J ood) JIE 4) 1 Se Ill Je ays cae Jello al Wake eg as py 1098 SELIG Lela a ston b sth gle a ind (Guall 3 ya) Bale Let 5) Ag Aas glts 4$% spss i ipod Aas ys dile 4b p6ine c 2999 () Ab (1 Ls (2) ile oi BNA ST aay 3k glad psy Gam eo eK thy) BDL jlo Ca] BM ease fade JBI a «pled gH5 ley cplyl J# S Sil 295 (1) lll (2 a9! Cour B! all Vy cas gg arti Ae op Baa: ody (Gall § oA) cla sel G) ily 2g olthe Soke sy a iM aun) @ ial § go) Bile As bs ih Ulan SF 7) spell 3 SEF y le IB cy oy J fle gl Jo Be sao ellacl GUSH 4 GUS Jools Lastele ele gle gl Jos ds) 2 N lity dels” Use GUGII e J) RL 3H fle gl Jd tay 3 eb Wee Jo” Gil dS a uh Bale Le JY Jahn KGa y Call got) Gall gale BIW Jebel B Hull paused 8) Bigs IS cae glen exe Chele 1 op cxstan 9 ble y apts 9 SS 9 apt Ul] ad Ul Loy hole 5 ole 6 fll len asp Pal Te he 93S pln lil Line wwe sty (aah 3 x8) Shi LI g 1, What do they prefer to drink right now, carrot juice or watermelon juice? 2. When they feel hot, what do they like to drink? 43. Wthey ever bargained, where would it be? 4. If they lke to eat fruit, what kind of fruit? 5. Do they regularly make fruit juice? sul a Lae Ga Nagar = aye bys oh fiom jo bes ULS ‘sb,, aay 8 sagt sets tl hg ast Y + ee lay aye oye * be Va (Sse) nd (Sie) ond tet Baie 20-11 op 11 beds! 12 tal = beth 13 las = pal First sh Second te gt | Third ete ett 4 Fourth: wo | Fifth le Sixth yoke | ‘Seventh fc Eighth oe ‘Ninth ef He Tenth se a wou: soty tinal 3 Sie lay Jar g abeVl Jal Jo ALA ath Gul gi 243 gl 11 ez oa 1g Hel sh Sy BIL Hl Sb as Siclull jinib Sal yb, pede! ieLtl 5 7 Leff, 3365 tel th - See eee gj bbe 9 ab det i oe ae ity crit Sly lal a DEL hy DH EL ol ee UY ayy ee le 4 Be Jbl, cae Lf] all AIL ay 11) (Gall b oA) Cleaned Washed Joked Rang Saved up money Smiled Smelled Stopped, quit Shut up, tobe silent Bathed, took a shower 89 anes Goth ‘The future tense is formed by simply adding the prefix > to the impeefective verb. I should be noted thatthe progressive or habitual should be omitted in the Future tense. YI, 3S gpl ie ANUS gh ape yal Ge “The future tense i negated by using the word before the verb, connected withthe prefix 7 spell on Gull BIS Sole Ee ‘The invariable Zel) = 7) could be used in place of the future tense marker. eet Pl AN Le g) LM Le SL eytl alh GBI is NS Sot + SEs gist tel, Spall apd Chal chal, la oly let Bibip de Soy apall oe Le Eth ght — se Mpg LE gf Joa ah les gil ae Sin e= Bh ale PS be BL age Seale gabe thl oe cay b= bad bs Be hy bee bay le woke GSa b= Seb oe Sa = Sale ye xe ole sep $i bn weld Spe be Note that in nominal sentences where there are no verbs, the future is formed by using conjugated forms of the verb 4% with the prefix >. tell Sut Gos Uh wdgbl gS gut eh Ng plans 3S 0 BSNS G8) Soll glad gat eg Lil Sy onal yo Cleyst G lel 12) + (al Bt WS5 cde Sy Rybae 5 dale. die dis Uh al a a calle pone VPS soon 3S apgdl SEEN abe Cay taene HG AS. hae pyle» pala yy LT on When using ie and 43 in the future, they should be preceded by the third person singular masculine form of the verb 3%. regardless of the subject form. ai Ls wey om (Ga 3.) 13) op Ks Se 9g Sir Sh 15 3 Sl 3p a Sy yan asl OLA BE gee Bi sl cla y saall y bleall » Sally Hab Lea dod JA pl ga 14 ab de oS flea 8 mays ay Se atl en od a 6 POS Aa gles (CaN Boot) spell ge Slee gp lle old ead Oh 18) FAL glee Wl Genco a | Sled gle Soy All glee ig SUI gle> G8) fy We NA gto Sens ell A Ss (Ga 3) 16) spade | Fog praje | Saint shat ogle sl ual 3 an po 183 cat py 3% Bhp Bal) Papell (Gall 3) 17) call gym ase ane ley Kal oe le SN tll Byed tase Cal (1) Alle “pie spam Bach pe 5 IS Sal ALA Yoke Gea 4) 2s Co ee slang IS Ses oe ele 5 cil yan ye SS ost 5Ued pear os Ske ses SI Ctl pg, Sed ae po (Jl 5 aa tl Fodll wae cay Fa! ABBE AWG ES ele! gam OY Gatal! “The uses of negative le [After the word 52 meaning “ever” Faaag LAU abt ae Sail at Se ‘The expression ls_j means “never” Pig dSide bine Jig Sh he Se St oe pyr ‘Affer <4 | comes an attached pronoun, which is followed by sib le yb Wg Pligg bla b vifech lla) After 5 | aN Le gh | de dil Le g) gible dll g Keb alls gl ‘Ace an oath: SL ally WALES» (Gall 3 ui) Shiy JL! 4g) 1. Have they ever eaten Zaatar (thyme) pies? Where? 2. they ever had a bad habit, did they quit? 4, Will they have a BMW in the coming year? 4.Do they like to joke and smile a lot? 5, Do they like sweets? Which do they like the most? 6. Do they like to cook vegetables? What 1. When they're thirsty, what do they ike to drink? What kinds of fruit do they like to eat the most? of vegetables? 8 Were they in an Arabian market before? Where? 4 How would they fee if they wanted to sell something and the buyer started bargaining? 10, How many students are there in the class? 11 Is there a color they do not like? What is it? (Gal 3 oe) 19) Bh ga gS bagless pole Go Gall 3 Slay JL gle HAM go de gel i caus LAS lees 3562) SALLI gale ge Li SSH spate y fuel 3 bagleee SpA le 3 Badd pet glass IT Sy IS.» asdas sal Uist I oodl Goble nad Bays sody lll J gle Jy GF 19) 1. personally like pies a lot 2. She gave me a hard time. 3. Take me with you, 4, Listen! You must bargin, ‘5. Gol Geta price for the TV. 6. My olive is fresh and his is dry. 7. Do you have change? Give me four Shekel 8, Hurry up! Iam in arash, 9. Lam fed up. I wish didnot see him. 10, Leave him alone! He stingy. any LLL OR 11 It is not right to drink coffee on an empty stomach. 12.Tve never seen her that sleepy. 13, Most Palestinians are dark-skinned. 14. Thad a black car and now I have a yellow one. Sol 2% |He who goes to the market will get what he needs ‘This proverb tells us that whoever gets to the market early can get what they need. It was ssid that thi proverb refers tothe “Aarab” or the Arabs ofthe desert. When the Arabs of the desert attended the sale of land or other similar transactions, they would have the right to get 4 small share ofthe property as wel. In Palestinian society, itis common that if person at- tends the sale of such things as land or crops, they will also get a small share of what is being sold Seller's little extra supply When Arabs goto the market to buy something, such as food or spices, they might ask for “ouditi-bayyaaa,” ora litle extra of whatever they're buying I isa request from the cus: tomer and a generosity on the part of the seller. In the apricot (season) his expression is said frequently and sarcastically in response to @ request too preposterous to be granted, In English the equivalent is “In your dreams!” The proverb originates from the association of two fruit sellers, an Egyptian and a Syrian, who took turns holding the scale and filling it. The Egyptian held the scale during the apricat season and while he was busy ‘weighing, he saw the Syrian eating the best apricots. When it was time to sell grapes, the Egyptian started eating the best grapes in large quantities while his partner was busy weigh ing, The Syrian engrily said to his Egyptian partner, “You should take the grapes one by one” ‘The Egyptian replied, “That's in regard to the apricots.” SSSI SITS SISSY desl lana gll ) Liste] aigl Kb gedl S sgaeall gl aed ple al Pebw EAU pep vals fe i 5 sco $45) 5 agp iat ol cout ble SOB led U oly Sas a 36 aly KL Lesh b ylS sis Sle Ile ail dle (fle gf poke and af yids) 1 Se pratt i gf Hab le pals ghey ally aye glee g at dL gl RSME Je agua gh gst lea Lega STN g Spite ily ay gh We UL cab BN ial hep BULL ge 4 Js Sb fe gl Lee g Sal te pC I Sey ue je SE bg aa lula e coy SL Nh at gf ¢ det fle Said LS ol ny Ge Eolas viele Vogl isl BO ties hg and dea a seo dude ob fl Sg ot AA SS cla SES Sl ool oe Je gia Hp Nk ge WU bey 5 Ge eg fle gl ely b stl Vy dy ea ls Sake bale cl, gS LBD oy Shans Sal at Saeatl gfe G dues Wb UL pte) Ye lag be Slag ily Las Sled 9 ally JL gt ages La fle SS fle is areal) Usage beg Se ep U J gH Jbic delice 5 hey slg 5H & gull a ee ED Saas a el alee foe Lad Ty Cufle cpul yal las lay Jie! DIS) dae aly We tle Le bs le Mh ch gle teal pegs ay b fle gh Wega oo gel el pte Wot ple lanl Cale sal BE SIE 4g glicdl Gb pany tall gli Sal ge eye poe Ue egaed gle “Sac p be Hh ab ble fle Sagmall be EEE Ls S coand plat Bb pe cLadall Lap hy ple flases Layae By hs beh AP gis Jeg be Sd dob g lb 5s 8 yon we SESH y Gilad pyletlg els hog apie bo i] JL scadle ll Bye a Sys pill SDIEII rh plo ote A fle Sle LM fle of JE gal pg sass Shey Sah pL Ke gal LS» Sol oe oe arate 9 fle gt bls heh cede dL gf oe 2 1 jay Hele asl ge dal Sees cab Se NAL cipal pty aL Le aaa gf aK fle gh ead 5 Hoval SS ee ee stl! gl Fall of raf, crowded Full We ask Toget ost A person who is lot an active pati Longing, yearnin Listen: an imperative verb Call you Describe Craving aching for } Waiter Aaything le Playing cards ‘Trump, a wellknown: card game played in many Middle Easter countries expecially (Gilad ish Shaam). Bring me: an imperative verb Operation Uker usb hot (One moment Voice, sound Walk or go: an imperative verb Straight Sayin 106 toppings Seba dsnb val ade &® Halil chal fla oul At your service. For God's sa! che ai 1's been a while forthe moon to appear. In English, one might _ yy yy say, “Hey stranger” This prover is wed to expres joy upon seeing = {08 Le pala gs someone afer a prolonged absence, as ifthe addressee were amoon SLA le that took a long time to appear, ne Especially What are you talking about? Say and change (imperative). This expression is used when @ person hears some bad news and wishes it were not tru. Ie is as if someone said, “I hope that what you're telling me is wrong.” Dear and worthy: This may be used to indicate a high value and a high level of respect for someone. With your permission, Where exactly? He who asks will not go astray! Otherwise, what is your opinion? ‘To make sure that someone's health is fin. ‘We want to make sure that you're OK, min a hurry. yeep said to myself Do not get impatient! Tm fed up! Dama such a country! Fine, OK. ” A dog's life 1 am putting you on the speakerphone. «Sel ¢ eb ‘On your right side (# on your left side). kis unnecessary, there is no need. Respectable fellow! Decent mant A speedy recovery Praise be to God for your wellbeing! This i usualy said to travelers returning from a journey, ot to patients returning home from the SeSbulh ¢ db ai! hospital. 7 “This is said in response to “Salaamtak.” Pardon mel No offense! Never (Of course! For sure! Like steel This expression is commonly used to mean “very strong,” 1 bpinp: Geb and soak ainda Sols 5 OK Bus stop : ol dye Gas station 33 Train station : lll dae Intersection 1g = dé Next to Actoss from, facing : Jule = 4 North 2S South a9 East +32 West oe Keep heading east :3,55 Heading west Heading north : Js Viol GLb pe pall gle ts Jo ah peal 6 he Ut: Ss tle Get ENG ce gated Te al bl Ss, YY, ARM 5 lS gas Slee te tT tly Mapa 8 ug Be ta jae Be he hte ne has} ; edlgaad 1) Vid oly ie by tne gall 8 US Bo) 8A yt IS ale 15 SIS aS ag gab 5 7yof UTI ped gas (ead gd out) LEY, 2) (cee) 8? te ose Sorell gh ig ob Ban ghey Bia fle 3 sath Ne ¢ gale glee anal of ft BSI SEEM yy Calle aby, fle gh 5 (. (Spe aS anal 9h 6 she date uae gh {Gall y Cad 3 ui) Mg gle 3} FSA B Leal oss Bi as Fa NN gl G eas oss Be oe Be ANT She cae ov FKL Ga) Holaalb j dholin a5 £594 Jb pb (ost) Aspe pel 32 eBid: Bed deri val wee AAA $55 SY Tey wap ra eal dyed sa SE SG lg ce Ball A SA ay Gal tala gy gaol NEI dw 6] JB AL gh g SND ll Jb GF Tae 52 b SIS, S34 b OKI Spey G aul! Lt lal aye Pagel 3 Olt aged Nh Rall Sate Sas oI ALT Seis ke eh hel a8 sal gh ew ale? SIE AS g eae yl LF J Lal fi) 10 (Gl geal Bod) Jt 4) slg gue Coe J agi bles ble 19 Y, SLY SasLLH yy SL She te UM alg oT. BRIN he SS ls They dell ¢ oh Bb Sy dle gb wT I Jet Js SQL Yl del ther... + Seg IS gil elt sgl Webs dil Bb ese hid hl Ha (d\bo9 5) BN St SOE a ays ease te LN SIE ge Dag JL Ob gar QW Olybll oe hail Wy AEN 5 ay Haye ply oe ae MONE os IF tly JE abeaar SI Claglal oe uaill 3 Sle is apaeys Sogn (G4\352) 6) tha Jog GS LW Gey g alll oe B BLE Jt IL (all 3 yA) Sly JL) 7) Sie eae soe tila bee cay US Sell oo Lap pS Geel la Falka Typ Jolgl AS y Vinalhl law J dae fll 43 2 Spmgarol teen he al ah iseoe3 $4) hes OS Spa op ab eae ad 4 Ss Cay ea tell de IGE ar ee oS ontle Meal Bly bey 15 Saas 3 S48 eth yd es (Gal coi) Gly ey poaM Jyan ll ayy se 8) IS op pe le Sl gle JL gl bday all ghee oe abel 9 onet she » opis 3, piel Cad! b HE Lad gf gle gf Jo 8) 3 Pall SB onde py oe 5 cod spell yf J Ghee Jd ty 4 (Gal 3 8) ly Jet 9) Sey tlle i Sante Sl" YS? os epi dy Joy se gab ao Sat poche ci, HEE 95 ole 9 8 Q Uhlerl oe asst y Ca} 2 1 pity hte 8p oth ile dB 5 1 gS 5 lall § CaS 2 (LaM gS Sy) Tb BS SI he) ole Gila te he LAU Osos p alll gS M9 ties degen iene (a3 33) 19) peal aS ale hog Gye Ge gab cy Tb 0) lla all hth Gag Soar 9 Sula tle caf ay hes SD ll al ls os 5 SS Pa IS SPSS be ll) ey oe 2g Gla, col tes 4} () lle (persuade) xo} Je 3 sly Ip) 5 ga ek —_—— AIS GA) GM ale gal abel J Aalll psset 11) oly Oo» tells I] Cole cas sha RAN oye Colle be ey baggy Sale Cay Ca) 6 CELL LEE (3) id tela Jtai Tj Stood up, stopped (someone) Said goodbye Stole Opened Turned off, switched off ‘Turned on Raised up, raised the volume ‘To be fall (with food) Finished Believed is he, (Gall b cei) Sly gh 12) 1. Do they smoke Shisha? Where? Whet kindof tobacco? 2. Do they believe everything that people tell them? 3. Do they like to raise the volume when they listen to music at home? 4. Have they ever got lost? Where? Were they scared? 5. Can they give you directions to the nearest Arabic coffee shop? 6. Do they laugh a lot? Why? 7. Do they forget a lot? 8 What are they craving right now? 9. Do they play cards? 10, Do they miss their loved ones when they travel? Who do they miss the most? 11. Do they always finish studying the assigned vocabulary before class? Css] ‘The imperative of sound verbs is expressed by substituting the initial cof the second person with the letter |... See examples below: Jal el wl el o eS ee! Sgr al 9 abnd Uefa The verb! has an irregular imperative form: Seri] gles leg arnt Beaman! aj otls Ghall ae = Gall obs Keep being naive! Jie ¢ Ye To nogate ULls, use the imperfect of of eb ¢ Sle lose ASL Do not be stingy! Jat 555 le ‘There are different ways of forming the imperative, one of them is called the indirect impera tive and can be expressed by using the following words, followed by the imperfctive: ws ol BY Allg Jib J Se elle 5 Ge tay Chole Coy Ge ee) er 8 BBL eT O a PF ta Ik is not necessary for you to come s “Aad ey" = “cout J” = “Cal Lae AW Jel Se" Fe Y,"= \ BAe tle Job Lene too gS e ao Bbbdb000dESsscoeuccccsdeovscadsssssscass ' There is another type of that suggests or urges someone to do something, It may come before the inperfed. This kind of maybe used aan indirect command. why don't you do your HW now? $cula Col Jas why don't you search forthe pen? dail Jo 5 le PeEREYS Aled! shall Ml ds Sys ‘To make someone laugh +81 A = be Soe Ke See PSP ase Ererees BHEEw spells J+ Je by Ji det= 3 yet ol dats gb Jal Uy let = ud Jel stats J get wales er pile ene ors SB Jat Se BS gy Be sure you do not... = bl .1 aA © HK 2K yond Jus SU ot fale 2 Ua ye See Sst pail sole pl fale = Gk S 1S gece la Wagan ose ex) ig Make sure you do not Sell dl std galeeslt abetll gle os) OA a Jal “LP IY” Ul Jat ld BB Sites hk slept (al g Call yt) 13) aS BB ALN am al SU, Sl eo cntlly by 9S Sil cathy AM ot SASS AM glaetal 5 91 I OM lily AF AMM gS vel, eso alg adi ua 14) PM age Stl Jer ONE Uy Ab IG Ut legs Gl (all b oy8) ily Jee 15) cog (1) ll (1) By eX Sie HO) HE A sel g gd ll any alert g (5 Stl al) ells pe SCD) hb ayaep 1 oe oe (1) Ib 2) aye sbloseYl 3 JES Leb 4 gyn thaw L(G) lle fb byl BOLE ee Bed Le cae gle doll Ji Se ya} () Alb age aN GE = Jou wal Us (3) by PAM glee sett jel NAAM S gel ose Goble ori Se (any (eal 3 cxf) J Sel 5-51 16) (Gof gets) lay I Spall op Bas (Ut) GF b (Bh le) Beall ye gle aly Lek BIS tlle (... (P= gee) pad Loudl daglin (Gl Lat) SEEM ne cap (. ) sdb Se SNC (SS) UN. (W— Jan) gybl ge Co hte pee (om 135 Rpg ba leat pot Sh cay t4 Se- Mg ells pe — Nyy Mtl 6 pe PS ll7 (Goal oe) Ctl y uate 18) ae Sa o999 SEAM Sse fl peed all gly eo SSN ILC) ye : Gas — Juris — Lt OA Ja ie ay gs Ol gy Hs He y5 2) Ib yin) 6 “ale fy! pa Se tele os hl Whe ee FQ) tb 3) iy ) le al call oo!) 19) i 3 BLD SIN p51 a0 Calg) YS AK, pole coals yyy 5 abl culp ale Sh} Gall 3 LSS cpa Bal ll)

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