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Block Diagram of Computer System

The document provides information about the basic components of a computer system. It discusses input devices that allow data to enter the system, such as keyboards and mice. The central processing unit (CPU) then processes this data using its arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit. The processed data is then output using output devices like printers and monitors. Data and instructions are temporarily stored in primary storage devices like RAM and permanently stored in secondary storage devices like hard disks. The CPU controls all operations and coordinates the various components to produce output from inputted data and instructions.

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nsmk malerkotla
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199 views

Block Diagram of Computer System

The document provides information about the basic components of a computer system. It discusses input devices that allow data to enter the system, such as keyboards and mice. The central processing unit (CPU) then processes this data using its arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit. The processed data is then output using output devices like printers and monitors. Data and instructions are temporarily stored in primary storage devices like RAM and permanently stored in secondary storage devices like hard disks. The CPU controls all operations and coordinates the various components to produce output from inputted data and instructions.

Uploaded by

nsmk malerkotla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Block Diagram of Computer System :: 

The Computer system consists


of mainly three types that are central processing unit (CPU),Input Devices,
and Output Devices .The Central processing unit (CPU) again consists of
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) and Control Unit. The set of instruction is
presented to the computer in the form of raw data which is entered through
input devices such as keyboard or mouse.

Later this set of instruction is processed with the help of CPU, and the
computer system Produce an Output with the help of Output Devices
mainly Printers and monitors. Large amount of data is stored in
the computer memory with the help of primary and secondary storage
devices temporarily and permanently.This are called as storage devices

The CPU is the heart | Brian of a computer because without the necessary
action taken by the CPU the user cannot get the desired output. The central
Processing unit [CPU] is responsible for processing all the Instruction
which is given to computer system or PC. Below Block Diagram of
Computer and Its Components are mentioned For Better Understanding

Block Diagram of Computer

The Basic components & parts of computer system are given below ::
 Input Devices
 Output Devices
 CPU (Central Processing Unit)
 Storage Unit
 ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)
 Control Unit

Input Devices :: 

The set of instruction or information is provided to the computer system or


PC with the help of input devices such as (keyboard, mouse, scanners etc).
The Instruction or data presented to computer system is converted into
binary form then it is supplied to computer system for further processing .

The Input Unit perform transferring the data from outside the world into
the system and later this data is processed and system produces instruction
through output unit such as Printer, monitors etc.

The Input devices enter's the data from outside the world into the primary
storage devices.The input devices are a means of communication with
outside world and our computer system.
 Input Devices accepts or receives the data or instruction from outside
the world such as input devices like keyboard and mouse
 It converts the data or instruction or information into machine
readable form for further processing.
 Later it supplies the decipherable information to PC for additionally
handling
 They act like a connection between outside the world and our own
computer system
 Keyboard and mouse are the prime examples of input devices.
 When the procedure is finished we get or receive desire result using
output devices such as printer's and monitor's.

Output Devices :: 


Output devices of computer produce or generate results with the help of
devices or gadgets such as printer,monitor etc primarily these instruction
or data provided to computer system is in binary code so to produce or
generate the desired output the system has to convert this data into human-
readable form, to do so it has to first present the data or instruction to
computer system for further processing or handling.With the help and
assistance of output devices, the system is linked or connected with outside
world.

For Example, The data or instruction such as Graphics, images or text is


inserted in the computer system with the help of input devices as the data
received from the input devices is in binary code, therefore, the data has to
be primarily converted into human readable form after processing user get
the required or desired data or set of information.

The prime examples of Output devices are Printer, Monitor,Projectors etc

 The output devices receives all the data or instruction in binary code.
 The output devices converts the binary codes into human readable or
intelligible form for better understanding and better functionality.
 They produces the changed or converted result to the user .which is
effectively comprehensible by humans for proper and accurate
understanding.
 They acts as a connection or link between outside world and
computer system or our own PC framework.
 Printers, monitors and projector's are the prime examples of output
devices.
Block Diagram of Computer System

Central Processing Unit (CPU) of Computer System

The Central Processing unit is also called as brain or heart of a


computer.The CPU is nothing but an electronic hardware device which
carries or performs out all the operation such as arithmetic and logic
operation. Below we have discussed briefly on arithmetic and logical
operation..

The CPU in another term is also called as "PROCESSOR".Every


instruction given through the input devices such as keyboard or mouse is
carried further for processing and we user get our desired results through
are output devices such as printers and monitors

The CPU is also responsible for controlling all the operations of the other
units of the computer system.When we talk or discuss CPU we tend to
speak about its speed as speed these days matters most due to high number
of large software which requires fast processor for execution.
The different component of CPU is Arithmetic logical unit And
Control Unit

Control Unit

The control Unit or CU Controls or coordinates all activities performed in


a computer system. It receives information or instruction or directions
from the main memory of computer.It tells the logic unit, memory as well
as the input and output devices how to handle the program or instruction in
proper order.When the control unit receives any set of information or
instruction it converts them to control signals then this signals are sent to
the central processor for further processing and finally, it understands
which operation to execute, exactly or precisely and in which order.

Arithmetic and Logic Unit

 Arithmetic Unit (AU)


 Logic Unit (LU)

There are some processors now that has more than single AU [Arithmetic
Unit]. ALU performs arithmetic and logical operation.When a set of
instruction or program is conveyed out. Control unit generally
characterized which sort of operation to Execute.Arithmetic operation
comprises of (Addition, subtraction, division, multiplication) and the
logical unit carries out the operation such (AND, OR, Equal, less than,
greater then), and later the control is changed to ALU and the result
generated in ALU later stored or puts away in transitory memory.

Storage Unit of Computer

The information or set of guidelines can be stored in PC storage unit when


information or direction is exhibited to the PC system utilizing Input
devices.To begin the procedure on information, Instructions given by input
devices the information must be put away in memory, and later when the
preparing is done the outcome produced is likewise put away in computer
system for additionally handling .
This type of work and action is done by storage unit In another word, we
can also describe the storage unit as the unit which gives space to store
data or instruction of processed data, processed result.

 It stores information or instruction


 It stores Results
 It stores consequence of prepared data

Storage Devices :: The term storage is defined as the devices which stores
data given by the input devices or output devices after processing,the data
is stored in computer system i.e Primary storage or secondary storage
depends entirely on the size of data.

There are mainly two types of storage Unit

 Primary Storage
 Secondary Storage

Primary Storage::They are also called as Main memory or in other words


as RAM (Random Access Memory).The Data or set of instruction is stored
in primary storage before processing and later the data is transferred to
ALU where further processing is done.
The primary Storage cannot store huge amount of data, and the data store
in this memory is temporary (The data is lost when there is power failure),
it is also called as temporary memory, they are very expensive.
The other example of primary Storage is L1 Cache of Processor

Secondary Storage:: Secondary storage are also called as permanent


storage unit as when the data store in this memory are stored permanently
user can recall the data whenever they need. The data remains in this
memory even when there is a power failure or shutdown, they are much
more cheaper then primary memory.
The Example of Secondary Storage are Hard disk and Zip drives

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