Arnejo, Nicolette C.

BEED 2-8B

Date TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE Articles on Explain

that stuff
Prehistory
4–5 billion Sun starts to produce energy. Solar cells
years ago Energy
~3.5 Humans make the first tools from Tools and
million stone, wood, antlers, and bones. machines
years ago
1–2 million Humans discover fire. Biofuels
years ago Candles
Car engines
Jet engines
10,000 Earliest boats are constructed. Ships and boats
BCE
8000– 9000 Beginnings of human settlements and Biofuels
BCE agriculture. Water
6000– 7000 Hand-made bricks first used for Brick (ceramics)
BCE construction in the Middle East.
Ancient
times
4000 BCE Iron used for the first time in Iron and steel
decorative ornaments.
3500– 5000 Glass is made by people for the first Glass
BCE time.
3500 BCE Humans invent the wheel. Tools and
machines
Wheels and axles
3000 BCE First written languages are developed Digital pens
by the Sumerian people of southern Typewriters
Mesopotamia (part of modern Iraq).
~2500 BCE Ancient Egyptians produce papyrus, a Paper
crude early version of paper.
3000– Bronze Age: Widespread use of Copper
600BCE copper and its important alloy bronze. Alloys
Metals
2000 BCE Water-raising and irrigation devices Cranes
like the shaduf (shadoof), invented by Elevators
the Ancient Egyptians, introduce the Tools and
idea of lifting things using machines
counterweights.
c1700 BCE Semites of the Mediterranean develop Digital pens
the alphabet.

1000 BCE Iron Age begins: iron is widely used Iron and steel
for making tools and weapons in many
parts of the world.
600 BCE Thales of Miletus discovers static Electricity
electricity. Static electricity
History of
electricity
500BCE– Nazca people of Peru are believed to Hot-air balloons
900CE have experimented with balloon flight.
400BCE– Chinese experiment with flying kites. Airplanes
300BCE History of flight
~250 BCE Ancient Egyptians invent lighthouses, Fresnel lenses
including the huge Lighthouse of
Alexandria.
~300– 200 Chinese invent early magnetic Compasses
BCE direction finders.
~250 BCE Archimedes invents the screw pump Tools and
for moving water and other materials. machines
c.150– 100 Gear-driven, precision clockwork Clockwork
BCE machines (such as the Antikythera
mechanism) are in existence.
c.50 BCE Roman engineer Vitruvius perfects the Turbines
modern, vertical water wheel.
62 CE Hero of Alexandria, a Greek scientist, Steam engines
pioneers steam power. Steam turbines
105 CE Ts'ai Lun makes the first paper in Paper
China.
27 BCE– Romans develop the first, basic Steel and concrete
395 CE concrete called pozzolana.
Middle
Ages
~600 CE Windmills are invented in the Middle Wind turbines
East.
700–900 Chinese invent gunpowder and Bullets
CE fireworks. Fireworks
Space rockets
800–1300 Thanks to inventors such as the Banū Clockwork
CE Mūsā brothers and al-Jazari, the Cams and cranks
Islamic "Golden Age" sees the Robots
development of a wide range of
technologies, including ingenious
clocks and feedback mechanisms that
are the ancestors of modern
automated factory machines.
1000 Chinese develop eyeglasses by fixing Lenses
CE ?? lenses to frames that fit onto people's
faces.
1206 Arabic engineer al-Jazari invents a Toilets
flushing hand-washing machine, one
of the ancestors of the modern toilet.
1232 CE Chinese repel Mongol invaders using Space rockets
early rockets.
1450 Johannes Gutenberg pioneers the Printing
modern printing press, using
rearrangeable metal letters called
movable type.
1470s The first parachute is sketched on Parachute
paper by an unknown inventor.

16th
century
1530s Gerardus Mercator helps to Satellite
revolutionize navigation with better navigation
mapmaking.
1590 A Dutch spectacle maker named Microscopes
Zacharias Janssen makes the first Electron
compound microscope. microscopes
1596 Sir John Harington describes one of Toilets
the first modern flush toilets.

17th
century
~1600 Galileo Galilei designs a basic Thermometer
thermometer.
1600 William Gilbert publishes his great Magnetism
book De Magnete describing how
Earth behaves like a giant magnet. It's History of
the beginning of the scientific study of electricity
magnetism.
1609 Galileo Galilei builds a practical Space telescopes
telescope and makes new
astronomical discoveries.
mid-17th Antoni van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Microscopes
century Hooke independently develop Electron
microscopes. microscopes
1643 Galileo's pupil Evangelista Torricelli Barometers
builds the first mercury barometer for
measuring air pressure.

1650s Christiaan Huygens develops the Pendulum clocks

pendulum clock (using Galileo's earlier
discovery that a swinging pendulum
can be used to keep time).
1687 Isaac Newton formulates his three Motion
laws of motion and gravity. Gravity
1700s Bartolomeo Cristofori invents the Pianos
piano.
18th
century
1701 English farmer Jethro Tull begins the Tractors
mechanization of agriculture by
inventing the horse-drawn seed drill.
1703 Gottfried Leibniz pioneers the binary How computers
number system now used in virtually work
all computers. History of
computers
1712 Thomas Newcomen builds the first Steam engines
practical (but stationary) steam engine.

1700s Christiaan Huygens conceives the Car engines

internal combustion engine, but never
actually builds one.
1737 William Champion develops a Metals
commercially viable process for
extracting zinc on a large scale.
1757 John Campbell invents the sextant, an Satellite
improved navigational device that navigation
enables sailors to measure latitude.
1730s– John Harrison develops reliable Quartz clocks and
1770s chronometers (seafaring clocks) that watches
allow sailors to measure longitude Satellite
accurately for the first time. navigation
1756 Axel Cronstedt notices steam when he Zeolites
boils a rock—and discovers zeolites.
1769 Wolfgang von Kempelen develops a Speech
mechanical speaking machine: the synthesizers
world's first speech synthesizer.
1770s Abraham Darby III builds a pioneering Bridges
iron bridge at a place now called
Ironbridge in England.

1780 Josiah Wedgwood (or Thomas Pyrometers

Massey) invents the pyrometer.
1783 French Brothers Joseph-Michel Hot-air balloons
Montgolfier and Jacques-Étienne
Montgolfier make the first practical
hot-air balloon.
1791 Reverend William Gregor, a British Titanium
clergyman and amateur geologist,
discovers a mysterious mineral that he
calls menachite. Four years later,
Martin Klaproth gives it its modern
name, titanium.
19th
century
1800 Italian Alessandro Volta makes the Electricity
first battery (known as a Voltaic pile). Batteries
History of
electricity
1801 Joseph-Marie Jacquard invents the History of
automated cloth-weaving loom. The computers
punched cards it uses to store
patterns help to inspire programmable
computers.
1803 Henry and Sealy Fourdrinier develop Paper
the papermaking machine.
1806 Humphry Davy develops electrolysis Electrolyzers
into an important chemical technique
and uses it to identify a number of new
elements.
1806 Sir William Congreve develops long- Space rockets
range military rockets, based on an
earlier Indian technology known as the
Mysore rocket.
1807 Humphry Davy develops the electric Xenon lamps
arc lamp.
1814 George Stephenson builds the first Steam engines
practical steam locomotive.
1816 Robert Stirling invents the efficient Stirling engines
Stirling engine.
1820s– Michael Faraday builds primitive Electricity
1830s electric generators and motors. generators
Electric motors
Hub motors
1824 Nicolas Sadi Carnot sets out his Heat engines
hugely influential theory of engine
efficiency.
1827 Joseph Nicéphore Niépce makes the Photography
first modern photograph. Digital cameras
1830s William Sturgeon develops the first Electric motors
practical electric motor. Hub motors
1830s Louis Daguerre invents a practical Digital cameras
method of taking pin-sharp Photography
photographs called Daguerreotypes.
1830s William Henry Fox Talbot develops a Digital cameras
way of making and printing Photography
photographs using reverse images
called negatives.
1830s– Charles Wheatstone and William Telephones
1840s Cooke, in England, and Samuel Morse,
in the United States, develop the
electric telegraph (a forerunner of the
telephone).
1836 Englishman Francis Petit-Smith and Propellers
Swedish-American John Ericsson
independently develop propellers with
blades for ships.
1839 Charles Goodyear finally perfects a Rubber
durable form of rubber (vulcanized
rubber) after many years of
unsuccessful experimenting.
1840s Scottish physicist James Prescott Energy
Joule outlines the theory of Great physics
the conservation of energy. experiments
1840s Scotsman Alexander Bain invents a Fax machines
primitive fax machine based on
chemical technology.
1849 James Francis invents a water turbine Turbines
now used in many of the world's Water
hydropower plants.
1850s Henry Bessemer pioneers a new Iron and steel
method of making steel in large
quantities.
1850s Louis Pasteur develops pasteurization: Pasteurization
a way of preserving food by heating it
to kill off bacteria.
1850s Italian Giovanni Caselli develops a Fax machines
mechanical fax machine called the
pantelegraph.
1860s Frenchman Étienne Lenoir and Car engines
German Nikolaus Otto pioneer the Cars, history of
internal combustion engine.
1860s James Clerk Maxwell figures out that Radio
radio waves must exist and sets out
basic laws of electromagnetism.
1860s Fire extinguishers are invented. Fire extinguisher
1861 Elisha Graves Otis invents the elevator Elevators
with built-in safety brake.
1867 Joseph Monier invents reinforced Reinforced
concrete. concrete
1868 Christopher Latham Sholes invents the Typewriters
modern typewriter and QWERTY
keyboard.
1871 Frank Wenham, a British aeronautical Wind tunnels
engineer, invents the wind tunnel. Aerodynamics
1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents the Telephones
telephone, though the true ownership
of the invention remains controversial
even today.
1870s Thomas Edison develops the CD players
phonograph, the first practical method MP3 players
of recording and playing back sound
on metal foil.
1870s Lester Pelton invents a useful new Turbines
kind of water turbine known as a
Pelton wheel.
1877 Thomas Edison invents his sound- Record players
recording machine or phonograph—a Sound
forerunner of the record player and CD
player.
1877 Edward Very invents the flare gun Flares
(Very pistol) for sending distress flares
at sea.
1880 Thomas Edison patents the modern Incandescent
incandescent electric lamp. lamps
1880 Pierre and Paul-Jacques Curie Piezoelectricity
discover the piezoelectric effect.
1880s Thomas Edison opens the world's first Power plants
power plants.
1880s Charles Chamberland invents the Autoclaves
autoclave (steam sterilizing machine).
1880s Charles and Julia Hall and Paul Heroult Aluminum
independently develop an affordable
way of making aluminum.
1880s Carrie Everson invents new ways of Copper
mining silver, gold, and copper.
1881 Jacques d'Arsonval suggests heat OTEC (Ocean
energy could be extracted from the Thermal Energy
oceans. Conversion)
1883 George Eastman invents plastic Digital cameras
photographic film. Plastics

1884 Charles Parsons develops the steam Steam turbines

turbine. Turbines
1885 Karl Benz builds a gasoline-engined Car engines
car.
1886 Josephine Cochran invents the Dishwashers
dishwasher.
1888 Friedrich Reinitzer discovers liquid LCD screens and
crystals. displays
1888 John Boyd Dunlop patents air-filled Pneumatics
(pneumatic) tires.
1888 Nikola Tesla patents the alternating Electricity
current (AC) electric induction motor Electric motors
and, in opposition to Thomas Edison, Induction motors
becomes a staunch advocate of AC Power plants
power.
1899 Everett F. Morse invents the optical Pyrometers
pyrometer for measuring temperatures
at a safe distance.
1890s French brothers Joseph and Louis Projection TV
Lumiere invent movie projectors and
open the first movie theater.
1890s German engineer Rudolf Diesel Diesel engines
develops his diesel engine—a more
efficient internal combustion engine
without a sparking plug.
1890s Russian Konstantin Tsiolkovsky Space rockets
figures out the theory of space
rockets.
1894 Physicist Sir Oliver Lodge sends the Radio
first ever message by radio wave in
Oxford, England.
1895 German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen X rays
discovers X rays.
1895 American Ogden Bolton, Jr. invents Electric bikes
the electric bicycle.
1884 Charles G. Curtis develops the Steam turbines
compound, impulse steam turbine.
1898 Nikola Tesla invents remote, radio Remote control
control.
20th
century
1901 Guglielmo Marconi sends radio-wave Radio
signals across the Atlantic Ocean from
England to Canada
1901 The first electric vacuum cleaner is Vacuum cleaners
developed.
1903 Brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright Airplanes
build the first engine-powered History of flight
airplane.
1905 Albert Einstein explains the Photoelectric cells
photoelectric effect.
1905 Samuel J. Bens invents the chainsaw. Chainsaws
1906 Willis Carrier pioneers the air Air conditioners
conditioner.
1906 Mikhail Tswett discovers Chromatography
chromatography.
1907 Leo Baekeland develops Bakelite, the Plastics
first popular synthetic plastic.
1907 Alva Fisher invents the electric clothes Clothes washer
washer.
1906-8 Frederick Gardner Cottrell develops Air pollution
the electrostatic smoke precipitator Electrostatic
(smokestack pollution scrubber). smoke
precipitators
1908 American industrialist and engineer Car engines
Henry Ford launches the Ford Model T, Cars, history of
the world's first truly affordable car.
1909 German chemists Fritz Haber and pH meters
Zygmunt Klemensiewicz develop the
glass electrode, enabling very precise
measurements of acidity.
1910 Romanian-born Henri-Marie Coandă Jet
builds a simple jet plane, but it never engines History of
actually flies. flight
1912 American chemist Gilbert Lewis Lithium-ion
describes the basic chemistry that batteries
leads to practical, lithium-ion
rechargeable batteries (though they
don't appear in a practical, commercial
form until the 1990s).
1912 Hans Geiger develops the Geiger Geiger counters
counter, a detector for radioactivity.
1916 Robert Hutchings Goddard, an Space rockets
American physicist, publishes
influential ideas on building space
rockets.
1919 Francis Aston pioneers the mass Mass
spectrometer and uses it to discover spectrometers
many isotopes.
1920s John Logie Baird develops mechanical Television
television. LCD TV
1920s Philo T. Farnsworth invents modern Television
electronic television. LCD TV
1920s Robert H. Goddard develops the Bullets
principle of the modern, liquid-fueled Space rockets
space rocket.
1920s German engineer Gustav Tauschek OCR
and American Paul Handel
independently develop primitive
optical character recognition (OCR)
scanning systems.
1920s Albert W. Hull invents the magnetron, Magnetrons
a device that can generate microwaves Microwave ovens
from electricity.
1921 Karel Capek and his brother coin the Robots
word "robot" in a play about artificial
humans.
1921 John Larson develops the polygraph Forensic science
("lie detector") machine.
1928 Thomas Midgley, Jr. invents coolant Air conditioners
chemicals for air conditioners and Refrigerators
refrigerators.
1928 The electric refrigerator is invented. Refrigerators
1920s– Frank Whittle of England and Hans Jet engine
1930s Pabst von Ohain of Germany develop
rival jet engines.
1930s Peter Goldmark pioneers color Television
television. LCD TV
1930s Laszlo and Georg Biro pioneer the Digital pens
modern ballpoint pen.
1930s Maria Telkes creates the first solar- Passive solar
powered house. Solar cells
1930s Wallace Carothers develops neoprene Kevlar
(synthetic rubber used in wetsuits) and Nomex
nylon, the first popular synthetic Nylon
clothing material. Wetsuits
1930s Robert Watson Watt oversees the Radar
development of radar.
1930s Arnold Beckman develops the pH meters
electronic pH meter.
1931 Harold E. Edgerton invents the xenon Xenon lamps
flash lamp for high-speed
photography.
1932 Arne Olander discovers the shape Shape memory
memory effect in a gold-cadmium alloys
alloy.
1936 W.B. Elwood invents the magnetic Reed switches
reed switch.
1938 Chester Carlson invents the principle Photocopiers
of photocopying (xerography).
1938 Roy Plunkett accidentally invents a GORE-TEX®
nonstick plastic coating called Nonstick pans
Teflon®.
1939 Igor Sikorsky builds the first truly Helicopters
practical helicopter.
1940s English physicists John Randall and Magnetrons
Harry Boot develop a compact Radar
magnetron for use in airplane radar
navigation systems.
1942 Enrico Fermi builds the first nuclear Nuclear power
chain reactor at the University of
Chicago.
1945 US government scientist Vannevar Electronic books
Bush proposes a kind of desk-sized World Wide Web
memory store called Memex, which
has some of the features later
incorporated into electronic books and
the World Wide Web (WWW).
1945 Arthur C. Clarke conceives the idea of Satellites
the communications satellite, a space-
based signal "mirror" that can bounce
radio waves from one side of Earth to
the other.
1947 John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and Amplifiers
William Shockley invent the transistor, Electronics
which allows electronic equipment to History of
made much smaller and leads to the computers
modern computer revolution. Transistors
1949 Bernard Silver and N. Joseph Barcodes and
Woodland patent barcodes—striped barcode scanners
patterns that are initially developed for
marking products in grocery stores.
1950s Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow Lasers
invent the maser (microwave laser).
Gordon Gould coins the word "laser"
and builds the first optical laser in
1958.
1950s Stanford Ovshinksy develops various Batteries
technologies that make renewable Electric bicycles
energy more practical, including Electric cars
practical solar cells and improved Solar cells
rechargeable batteries.
1950s European bus companies experiment Flywheels
with using flywheels as regenerative
brakes
1950s Percy Spencer accidentally discovers Microwave ovens
how to cook with microwaves,
inadvertently inventing the microwave
oven.
1956 British computer pioneer Alan Turing Artificial
describes an "imitation game" for intelligence
testing whether machines can think.
It's now known as the Turing test.
1952 American John W. Hetrick and German Airbags
Walter Linderer independently invent
the automobile airbag.
1954 Indian physicist Narinder Kapany Fiber optics
pioneers fiber optics.
1955 US electrical engineer Eugene Polley Remote control
invents the TV remote control.
1956 First commercial nuclear power is Nuclear power
produced at Calder Hall, Cumbria, plants
England.
1956 US computer scientist John McCarthy Artificial
coins the term "artificial intelligence." intelligence
1957 Soviet Union (Russia and her allies) Satellites
launch the Sputnik space satellite.
1957 Lawrence Curtiss, Basil Hirschowitz, Fiber optics
and Wilbur Peters build the first fiber-
optic gastroscope.
1958 Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce, working History of
independently, develop the integrated computers
circuit. integrated circuits
Transistors
1959 IBM and General Motors develop Computer
Design Augmented by Computers-1 graphics
(DAC-1), the first computer-aided
design (CAD) system.
1960s Joseph-Armand Bombardier perfects Snowmobiles
his Ski-Doo® snowmobile.
1960 Theodore Maiman invents the ruby Lasers
laser.
1962 William Armistead and S. Donald Photochromic
Stookey of Corning Glass Works lenses
invent light-sensitive (photochromic)
glass.
1962 Nick Holonyak invents the LED (light- Diodes and LEDs
emitting diode) while working at
General Electric.
1963 Ivan Sutherland develops Sketchpad, Computer
one of the first computer-aided design graphics
programs.
1964 IBM helps to pioneer e-commerce with E-commerce
an airline ticket reservation system
called SABRE.
1965 Frank Pantridge develops the portable Defibrillators
defibrillator for treating cardiac arrest
patients.
1966 Stephanie Kwolek patents a super- Kevlar
strong plastic called Kevlar.
1966 Robert H. Dennard of IBM invents Computer memory
dynamic random access memory
(DRAM).
1967 Japanese company Noritake invents Vacuum
the vacuum fluorescent display (VFD). fluorescent
displays
1968 Alfred Y. Cho and John R. Arthur, Jr Molecular beam
invent a precise way of making single epitaxy
crystals called molecular beam epitaxy
(MBE).
1969 World's first solar power station Solar cells
opened in France. Energy
1969 Robert W. Gore develops an ingenious GORE-TEX®
waterproof material called GORE-
TEX® by stretching slippery, nonstick
PTFE (Teflon®).
1969 Long before computers become Electronic books
portable, Alan Kay imagines building
an electronic book, which he
nicknames the Dynabook.
1969 Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith CCDs
invent the CCD (charge-coupled Digital cameras
device): the light-sensitive chip used
in digital cameras, webcams, and other
modern optical equipment.
1969 Astronauts walk on the Moon. Space rockets
1960s Douglas Engelbart develops the Computer mouse
computer mouse.
1960s James Russell invents compact discs. CD players
1971 Electronic ink is pioneered by Nick Electronic ink and
Sheridon at Xerox PARC.

1971 Ted Hoff builds the first single-chip History of

computer or microprocessor. computers
1973 Martin Cooper develops the first Cellphones
handheld cellphone (mobile phone).
1973 Robert Metcalfe figures out a simple Computer
way of linking computers together that networks
he names Ethernet. Most computers Internet
hooked up to the Internet now use it.
1974 First grocery-store purchase of an item Barcodes and
coded with a barcode. barcode scanners
1975 Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman Encryption
invent public-key cryptography.
1975 Pico Electronics develops X-10 home Smart homes
automation system.
1976 Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs launch History of
the Apple I: one of the world's first computers
personal home computers
1970s– James Dyson invents the bagless, Vacuum cleaners
1980s cyclonic vacuum cleaner.
1970s– Scientists including Charles Bennett, Quantum
1980s Paul Benioff, Richard Feynman, and computers
David Deutsch sketch out how
quantum computers might work.
1980s Japanese electrical pioneer Akio CD players
Morita develops the Sony Walkman, MP3 players
the first truly portable player for
recorded music.
1981 Stung by Apple's success, IBM History of
releases its own affordable personal computers
computer (PC).
1981 The Space Shuttle makes its maiden Space Shuttle
voyage.
1981 Patricia Bath develops laser eye Lasers
surgery for removing cataracts.
1981 Fujio Masuoka files a patent for flash Flash memory
memory—a type of reusable computer
memory that can store information
even when the power is off.
1981– 1982 Alexei Ekimov and Louis E. Brus Quantum dots
(independently) discover quantum
dots.
1983 Compact discs (CDs) are launched as CD players
a new way to store music by the Sony
and Philips corporations.
1987 Larry Hornbeck, working at Texas DLP® projectors
Instruments, develops DLP®
projection—now used in many
projection TV systems.
1989 Tim Berners-Lee invents the World Internet
Wide Web. World Wide Web
1990 German watchmaking company Radio-controlled
Junghans introduces the MEGA 1, clocks
believed to be the world's first radio- Quartz clocks and
controlled wristwatch. watches
1991 Linus Torvalds creates the first Computers
version of Linux, a collaboratively Linux
written computer operating system.
1994 American-born mathematician John Iris scans
Daugman perfects the mathematics
that make iris scanning systems
possible.
1994 Japanese Masahiro Hara invents a QR codes and 2D
two-dimensional barcode known as barcodes
the QR Code®.
1994 Israeli computer scientists Alon Cohen VoIP
and Lior Haramaty invent VoIP for
sending telephone calls over the
Internet.
1995 Broadcast.com becomes one of the Streaming media
world's first online radio stations.
1995 Pierre Omidyar launches the eBay E-commerce
auction website.
1996 WRAL-HD broadcasts the first high- HDTV
definition television (HDTV) signal in
the United States.
1997 Electronics companies agree to make Wireless Internet
Wi-Fi a worldwide standard for
wireless Internet.
21st
century
2001 Apple revolutionizes music listening MP3 players
 by unveiling its iPod MP3 music
player.
2001 Richard Palmer develops energy- Energy-absorbing
absorbing D3O plastic. materials
2001 The Wikipedia online encyclopedia is Electronic books
founded by Larry Sanger and Jimmy
Wales.
2001 Bram Cohen develops BitTorrent file- BitTorrent
sharing. Internet
2001 Scott White, Nancy Sottos, and Self-healing
colleagues develop self-healing materials
materials.
2002 iRobot Corporation releases the first Roomba
version of its Roomba® vacuum
cleaning robot.

200 Electronic voting plays a major part in a Touchscreens

4 controversial US Presidential Election.

200 Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov Graphene

4 discover graphene.

200 A pioneering low-cost laptop for developing Computers

5 countries called OLPC is announced by MIT
computing pioneer Nicholas Negroponte.

200 Amazon.com launches its Kindle electronic Electronic books

7 book (e-book) reader.

200 Apple introduces a touchscreen cellphone Cellphones

7 called the iPhone. Touchscreens
201 Apple releases its touchscreen tablet Computers
0 computer, the iPad. Touchscreens

201 3D TV starts to become more widely 3D Television

0 available. Television

201 Elon Musk announces "hyperloop"—a giant, Pneumatics

3 pneumatic tube transport system. Pneumatic
transport tube

201 Supercomputers (the world's fastest Supercomputers

5 computers) are now a mere 30 times less
powerful than human brains.

201 Three nanotechnologists win the Nobel Prize Nanotechnology

6 in Chemistry for building miniature machines
out of molecules.

201 Google claims to have achieved "quantum Quantum

9 supremacy"—with a quantum computer that computers
calculates faster than a conventional one.

202 DeepMind, Google/Alphabet's artificial Neural networks

0 intelligence computer program, cracks the Artificial
classic problem of protein folding. intelligence

202 NASA unveils Space Launch System (SLS), a Space rockets

2 new moon rocket 15 percent more powerful
than the Saturn V rocket from the Apollo era.