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Problem 1

The document provides instructions for solving two machine problems and submitting the solutions digitally. Machine Problem 1 involves designing a square spread footing to support a column. The summary is: 1) A 3m x 3m square spread footing with 14 bars of 25mm diameter rebar both ways is designed to support the given column loads. 2) Calculations are shown for effective soil pressure, footing size, ultimate soil pressure, moment capacity, steel ratio, and development length of the rebar. 3) The provided development length of the rebar is greater than the calculated required development length.

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Johnmark Formentera
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
228 views

Problem 1

The document provides instructions for solving two machine problems and submitting the solutions digitally. Machine Problem 1 involves designing a square spread footing to support a column. The summary is: 1) A 3m x 3m square spread footing with 14 bars of 25mm diameter rebar both ways is designed to support the given column loads. 2) Calculations are shown for effective soil pressure, footing size, ultimate soil pressure, moment capacity, steel ratio, and development length of the rebar. 3) The provided development length of the rebar is greater than the calculated required development length.

Uploaded by

Johnmark Formentera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MACHINE PROBLEM 1 & 2

Section: Saturday 2-4 & 4-6 PM


INSTRUCTIONS:
Solve and submit the following problems in digital word format (text and
drawings). All parts of the solution should be editable. Solutions not
submitted in the aforementioned format will not be considered.

MACHINE PROBLEM 1:
Design a square spread footing to support an edge column 460mm x 460mm in
dimension. The allowable soil pressure is 478.5 KPa, unit weight of soil is 20.4
KN/m³, unit weight of concrete is 23.5 KN/m³, fć = 21 MPa, fy = 414 MPa, 75mm
clear cover and 25mm diameter rebars both ways.
DL = 1070 kN & LL = 1410 kN
DL
LL

DL+LL

SOLUTION

Assume t = 790 mm

(a) Effective Soil Pressure


qe
qe = qa − [(1.5 − 0.790)(20.4)]− (0.790× 23.5)

qe= 445.451 kPa

(b) Footing Dimension


qe= PDL+PLL
A
A = DL+LL err
qe B
B²= (1070+1410) (1000)
(446.319)(1000) = 5.6 m²

B = D = √ 5.6 ≅ 2.37 m

D
Pu

Try 3m X 3m footing dimension

(c) Net Ultimate Soil Pressure, qu(net)

qu(net) = P𝑦 = 1.2(1070) + 1.6(1410) = 3540


A 3×3 9

qu(net) = 393.33 kPa

qu(net)
(d) Allowable Ultimate Soil Pressure

qa= Pu(allowable soil pressure)


DL+LL

qa = 3540 (478.5 )
1070+1410

qa = 683.02 kPa >= 393.33 kPa qu=393.33 kPa

qa > qu(net) therefore safe

(e) Effective Depth as Required by Beam or One


way shear
3m
• provided effective depth by footing
Thickness:

d = 790 − 1.5bar diameter - clear cover


d = 790 − 1.5(25) − 75 d
d = 677.5 mm (referred to c.g. of top layer of bw = 3m
flexural steel)

Vu = 393.33(3 × 0.8) = 943.992 kN

• actual effective depth:


1.27-d
d = 6(943.992) (1000)
0.75√21(3000)
1.27
d = 549.32 < d, safe

(f) Effective Depth as Required by Two-Way


Punching Stress

c + d = 460 + d = 460 + 597.5


= 1057.5
d t
bo = 4(c + d) = 4(1057.5)
= 4230 mm

Vp = 393.33 [(3)² - (1.0575) ²]

Vp = 3100.11 kN
(i)
vc= vp

1 √f’c = Vp
3 ⌀bod
qu=393.33 kPa
d = 3Vp
⌀√f’cbo

d = 3(3100.11)(1000)
0.75√21(4230)

d = 639.72 < d = 667.5 mm safe


3m
(ii)
vc = vp
1
12[αsd + 2]√f’c= Vp
bo ⌀bod
3m
460+d
d= 12Vp.
⌀√f’c[ αsd+2]bo
bo
d= 12(2007.41)(1000)
0.75√21[40d +2]3610
3610

d = 355.67 mm < d safe 460+d

(g) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu = (393.33 × 3 × 1.27) (1.27)


2
Mu = 951.60 kN • m

(h) Number of Reinforcement Both Ways

From:
Mu = ΦRubd²

Ru = Mu = 951.60(1000)²
Φbd² 0.9(3000)(677.5)²

Ru = 0.7678 MPa

• the actual steel ratio: qu=393.33 kPa

p =0.85f’c [1 − √1 −2Ru
fy 0.85f’c

p = 0.85(21) [1 − √1 − 2(0.9267)
414 0.85(21)

p = 0.0019
3m
• minimum steel ratio, ACI Code
- minimum steel ratio is the larger between

p = √f’c = √21 = 0.00276


4fy 4(414)
3m
p = 1.4 = 1.4 = 0.00338 ← govern
fy 414

pmin = 0.00338 > pact = 0.0019


∴ use p = pmin = 0.00338

As = pbd = 0.00338(3000) (677.5)


1.27
As = 6869.85 mm²

using 25mmØ: Ao=490.87mm2


Mu
n = As = 6869.85 = 13.9 (say 14 )
Ao 490.87
qu=393.33 kPa
n = 13.9 ( say 14 )
1.27
use 14 pcs of 25mmØ both ways

(i) Development Length

Assume: Ψt=Ψe=Ψs=λ=1.0

s = 3000 − 2(75) = 204 mm


14
c = distance from center of the bar to the nearest
concrete surface
25 25
c = 75 + 1 (25) = 87.5 mm ← govern
2
c = one-half the center-to-center spacing of bars s
c = 1 (204) = 102 mm 25 25
2
Note: Use the smaller between the two values of c 3m

Letting Ktr = 0 (no stirrups)

c + Ktr = 87.5 + 0 = 3.5 > 2.5


db 25

Hence, use 2.5

ld = 9 * fy Ψt Ψe Ψs λ
db 10 √fi (c + Ktr )
db

ld = 9 * (414) (1) (1) (1) (1)


db 10 √21(c + Ktr )
db

ld = 32.52 diameters
db
Since:
c + Ktr > 2.5
db

Then,
ld = 30.36 diameter
db
ld = 30.36 (db) 460x460
Ld = 30.36 (25)
ld = 759 mm

• Provided development length

ld = 3 − 0.405 − 0.075
2 2
ld
3m
ld = 1.195 m > ld

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