DETAILED LESSON PLAN

GRADE 9 MATHEMATICS
WEEK 3
I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content standards:
The learner demonstrates understanding of the basic concepts of trigonometry.

B. Performance standards:
The learner is able to apply the concepts of trigonometric ratios to formulate and solve real-
life problems with precision and accuracy.

C. Learning competencies:
The learner illustrates angles of elevation and angles of depression. (M9GE-IVd -1)

D. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
1. describe and illustrate angles of elevation and angles of depression; and
2. write trigonometric equation that involves angles of elevation and angles of depression
then solve for the missing part

II. CONTENT
ANGLES OF ELEVATION AND ANGLES OF DEPRESSION

Learning Resources:
A. References: Learners’ Materials Grade 9 Mathematics, pp. 457-469
Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities by Nivera, Gladys C.
and Lapinid, Minie Rose C., pp. 449-456
Teacher’s Guide Mathematics 9 pages 288-323
B. Other Learning Resources

III. PROCEDURES
DAY 1
A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson
Welcome to another learning lesson of new knowledge and skills in mathematics
through/via home schooling.
I hope you are safe and healthy with the help of beautiful and supportive people around
you. However, before going further, let us have a brief review of the previous lesson about
trigonometric ratios by answering Activity 1 below.

ACTIVITY: Write your answers in your notebook.

1. What is the mnemonic device used to remember the definitions of the primary
trigonometric ratios? ___________________
2. What is the meaning of SOH- CAH- TOA?
SOH means ________ CAH means ______ and TOA means _______
3. Given Right Triangle, write the primary trigonometric ratio that can be used to find the
value of X.

a) b)
𝜃

y a b

x 𝜃
x

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 r
c.) 𝜃

x
t

Score Description
You may check your answers by turning to the key to corrections. 6-7 Very Good
Give yourself one (1) point for every correct answer. 4-5 Good
How many correct answers did you get? 2-3 Fair
Rate the result using the table. Review SIPacks
0-1
Week 1 Qtr. 2

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

Here is another activity. Write your answers in your notebook
Activity 2. Write a phrase or a sentence on the blank describing the pictures below.

1.

____________________________________________

2.

___________________________________________
3.

_____________________________________________

DAY 2
C. Presenting examples/instances of the lesson
In activity 2, what are the words that you used to describe the pictures? We have
Looking up, Looking down and looking straight, these words are related to our
lesson. Let us describe each word.

Looking up would serve as the inclined line of sight.

Inclined line of sight

Horizontal line of sight

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 Inclined line of sight is an imaginary line that connects the eye of an observer to the
object being observed.
Horizontal line of sight is an imaginary line through an observer’s eye level.

Looking straight ahead would serve as the horizontal line of sight.

and the angle formed between the horizontal line of sight and the inclined line of sight is
called angle of elevation.

Angle of Elevation is the angle from the horizontal line to the inclined line of sight of the
observer to the object above.

When a person looks at something above his/her location, the angle between the line of sight and
the horizontal line is called the angle of elevation. In this case, the line of sight is “elevated”
above the horizontal line.

Angle of Elevation
Horizontal line of sight

Angle of depression is the angle from the horizontal line of sight of the observer to the
object below.

When a person looks at something below his/her location, the angle between the line of sight and
the horizontal line is called the angle of depression. In this case, the line of sight is “depressed”
below the horizontal line
Horizontal line of sight
Angle of Depression

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 Now, let us have some illustrative examples to understand the angles of elevation and depression.

Example 1.

In the figure, the reference angle is angle C or 28°

So, the horizontal line of sight is side BC
the inclined line of sight is side AC
and the angle form is ∠ACB or ∠BCA which is an
angle of elevation.

Example 2
Let us say that the observer is the one who is at
the lighthouse, we can say that the reference
angle this time is angle B with x°.
The horizontal line is side BD
The inclined line of sight is side BA
The angle formed is ∠DBA or ∠ABD which is the
angle of depression.

Now, it is your turn. Write your answer in your notebook.

Tell whether the angle formed in the figure illustrates an angle of elevation or an angle of
depression. Then identify the horizontal line of sight and incline line of sight.
1. 2. 2.

Angle:________________ Angle:________________
Horizontal Line:___________ Horizontal Line:___________
Line Of Sight:_____________ Line Of Sight:_____________

You should get:

1. Angle: angle of depression 2. Angle: angle of elevation
Horizontal Line: side AO Horizontal Line: side BO
Line of Sight: side OB Line of Sight: side AO

If your answers are correct, you may proceed to the next part of the discussion. If not, I
am sorry but you have to go back to Examples 1 and 2 and try all over again.

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 DAY 3
D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills # 1
We will solve involving angle of elevation and depression

Example 1:
You will solve for the value of x or the height of side AB, the primary trigonometric ratio
that you will use is tangent, since the given data with respect to the reference angle are
opposite which is X or AB and adjacent side is 80 m or BC therefore to solve for x or the
height of AB that is you need to write the complete information in the figure.

Given:
Reference angle: ∠C = 28°
Adjacent side: BC = 80m
Unknown part: x or AB

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Tan 𝜃 = Trigonometric ratio
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝑥
Tan 𝜃 = Equation
80 𝑚
𝑥
Tan 28° = change 𝜃 𝑡𝑜 28°
80 𝑚
80 (tan 28°) = x cross multiply
x = 42.53675453 round to the nearest hundredths
x = 42.54 meters the height of side AB.

Example 2. Let us analyze the next figure.

Given:
Opposite side =8
Hypotenuse = 10
Missing part= angle theta or x
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
10 Trigonometric ratio: sin 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
8 8
X sin 𝜃 =
10
sin 𝜃= .8 divide 8 by 10
𝜃 = sin-1 0.8 press shift in the
calculator sin 0.8
𝜃 = 53.13

Now, it is your turn, write your answers in your notebook by supplying the information in the
blank. Use a primary trigonometric ratio to solve for x round it to the nearest tenth.

Given: ________
Unknown part: __________
Trigonometric ratio: ___________________
Equation: ___________________________
Solution:

You should get:

Reference angle : <I =35° If your answer is correct, you may proceed to
Adjacent side : 8m the next part of the discussion. If not, I am sorry
Unknown : BI or x but you have to go back to Example 1 and 2 and
Final answer : 9.8 meters try all over again.

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 E. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills # 2
Let us have this figure.
Theta is an angle of depression and angle B is an angle of elevation

X Y

Since side XY is parallel to side BZ then ∠XYB and ∠ZBY are alternate interior angles.
Therefore ∠XYB ≅ ∠ZBY. This states that an Angle of Elevation is equal to Angle of
depression.

When solving for the missing part with an angle of depression, you need to find the measure
of an angle INSIDE the triangle. These angles are ABC and BAC. These two angles are
complementary angles.

There are two options to solve for X:

Option 1: Find the angle inside the triangle that is adjacent (next door) to the angle of
depression. This adjacent angle will always be the complement of the angle of depression,
since the horizontal line and the vertical line are perpendicular which form a 90º angle.

The angle adjacent to 38° is 52° since they are

complementary, hence, 90 degrees minus 38 degrees
equals 52 degrees.
Given:
Reference angle: <B = 38°
Opposite side : 40 feet
Unknown : side BD or X

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Tangent 𝜃 =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
By substitution,
𝑥
Tangent 52° =
40
Using your calculator,
Tan 52° = 1.279941632
𝑥
1.279941632 =
40
(1.279941632)(40) = x → cross multiplying 40 to 1.279941632
x = 51.198 → feet the length of CA

Option 2: to solve for x: utilize the fact that the angle of depression = the angle of
elevation and label ∠BAC inside the triangle. ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐴 are alternate interior angles.
Alternate interior angles are congruent.
To solve for x we will use
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Tangent =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
By substitution,
40
Tangent 38° =
𝑥

Using your calculator,

Tangent 38° = 0.781285626

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 40
0.781285626 =
𝑥
Cross multiply, (0.781285626) multiplied by (x) = 40
Divide both sides by 0.781285626
x = 51.198 feet → the length of CA

Notice that in both options the value of x is the same.

Now, it is your turn, write your answers in your notebook.

Use a primary trigonometric ratio to solve for x round it to the nearest tenth.

You should get x = 17.3

If your answer is correct, you may proceed to the next part of the discussion. If not, I am
sorry but you have to go back to the example and try all over again.

DAY 4

F. Developing Mastery
Read the directions carefully. Answer Activity 1 & 2 on your notebook.

ACTIVITY 1
Tell whether the given figure illustrates an angle of elevation or an angle of depression.
Identify the horizontal and the line of sight, then, write a trigonometric equation that can be
used to solve for x.

1. Angle: ____________________

Horizontal Line: _____________

Line of Sight: _______________

Equation: __________________

2.
W Angle: ____________________

Horizontal Line: _____________

Line of Sight: _______________

6
Equation: __________________
R T
12

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 ACTIVITY 2: Answer what is ask. Show your solution.
1. Round to the nearest degree.

2. Round to the nearest hundredths

Score Description
Now, check your work by turning to the key to correction. 8-10 Very Good
How many correct answers did you get? Rate your result using 6-8 Good
the table. 4-5 Fair
Turn to section J
and work on
If your score is at least 4 out of 7, you may now proceed to next 0-3
the enrichment
part of the discussion. activities

G. Finding practical application of the concepts and skill in daily living

All the beautiful architectures and buildings that we can see around us are the beautiful
applications of trigonometry.
Did you know that we can actually estimate the height of something – building or tower,
using trigonometry? Engineers, architects and surveyors make use of trigonometry in their
work and profession.

H. Making generalization and abstraction about the lesson

Horizontal line of sight is an imaginary line through an observer’s eye level.

Inclined line of sight is an imaginary line that connects the eye of an observer to
the object being observed.
Angle of Elevation is the angle from the horizontal line to the inclined line of sight
of the observer to the object above.
When a person looks at something above his/her location, the angle between the
line of sight and the horizontal line is called the angle of elevation. The line of sight is
“elevated” above the horizontal line.
Angle of depression is the angle from the horizontal line of sight of the observer to
the object below.
When a person looks at something below his/her location, the angle between the
line of sight and the horizontal line is called the angle of depression. The line of sight is
“depressed” below the horizontal line.

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 DAY 5
I. Evaluating learning
EVALUATION 3
Direction: Use yellow papers to answer the evaluation. Provide necessary solutions for
your answers. Use the format shown below to label your paper and it is to be
submitted to your Math teacher.
Name:_______________________ Section:_______________________
Subject: Mathematics 9 Week Number: 3 Parent’s Signature: ______________

I. (WRITTEN WORKS) Fill in the blank:

1. When a person looks at something above his/her location, the angle formed between
the horizontal and the line of sight is the angle of _______.
2. The line of sight in this case is _______
3. When a person looks on something below his/her location, the angle formed between
the horizontal and inclined line of sight is the angle of _______.
4. The line of sight in this case is ________ below the horizontal.
5. The ________ is the imaginary line that connects the eye of the observer to the object
being observed.
6. The ________ is the imaginary line through the observer’s eye level.

II. (WRITTEN WORKS) Identify whether angle A or angle B is an angle of elevation or

depression.
7.

8.

9. ∠A?
10. ∠B?

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 Continuation EVALUATION 3
Name:_______________________ Section:_______________________
Subject: Mathematics 9 Week Number: 3 Parent’s Signature: ______________

III. (WRITTEN WORKS) Refer to the figure below. Identify/Name the following.
P

N M

1. The horizontal line is ________.

2. The line of sight is________.
3. The trigonometric equation that can be used to find x is ________.
4. The inclined line of sight _______________
5. Reference angle_______________

6. The horizontal line is ________.

7. The line of sight is________.
8. The trigonometric equation that can be used to find x is ________.
9. The inclined line of sight ____________________
10. Name the alternate interior angles _____________

IV. (PERFORMANCE TASK)

Draw and label the picture using the data presented. (These problems don’t ask for an
answer.)
Assume that buildings, ladders, etc. are all on level ground. Clear, neat, and accurate
illustrations are necessary. See the attached rubrics for answering.
1. The angle of elevation of the top of the building from a point 30 meters away from
the building is 65°.
2. The angle of depression of a boy from a point on a lighthouse 30.5 meters above the
surface of the water is 3°.
3. If an airplane that is cruising at an altitude of 9 km wants to land at Clark International
Airport, it must begin its descent so that the angle of depression to the airport is 7°.

Rubric for Performance Tasks

5 4 3 2 1
Less than 30%
All of the At least 80% At least 60% At least 30%
ACCURACY of the items
items are of the items of the items of the items
are correct
correct (100%) are correct are correct are correct
5 4 3 2 1
Less than 30%
All of the At least 80% At least 60% At least 30%
of the
COMPLETION assigned task of the of the of the
assigned task
is complete assigned task assigned task assigned task
is complete
(100%) is complete is complete is complete

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 5 4 3 2 1
At least 80% At least 60%
of work is of work is
At least 30%
shown - shown -
of work is
100% of work solutions are solutions are Less than 30%
shown -
WORK SHOWN is shown - somewhat quite of work is
shortcut in
(SYSTEMATICNESS) solutions are presented presented shown - no
arriving at
presented systematically systematically solution is
correct
systematically wherein a part wherein some presented.
answers are
of the parts of the
used.
solutions is solutions are
missed. missed.

J. Additional activities for application of remediation

Read the direction carefully and write your answer in your notebook.

REMEDIATION:
Illustrate the situation below and answer the questions.
A boy who is on the second floor of their house watches his dog lying on the ground.
The angle between his eye level and his line of sight is 32°
1. Show and draw the situation.
2. Which angle is identified in the situation?

KEY TO CORRECTION
A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson
ACTIVITY
𝑥
1. SOHCAHTOA 3. a. tan 𝜃 =
𝑦
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
2. SOH means sin 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑥
b. sin 𝜃 =
𝑎
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
CAH means cos 𝜃 =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑟
c. cos 𝜃 =
𝑥
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
TOA means tan 𝜃 =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

a. a man looks up the mango above
b. a man looks down on the base below
c. all men look straight ahead

KEY TO CORRECTION (Developing Mastery)

ACTIVITY 1
1. Angle: Angle of Depression 2. Angle: Angle of Elevation
Horizontal Line: PL or LP Horizontal Line: RT or TR
Line of Sight: PA or AP Line of Sight: WR or RW
500 6
Equation: tan x° = Equation: tan A=
11,000 12

ACTIVITY 2
1. ∠A = 27°
2. altitude =10.19
KEY TO CORRECTION (Remediation)
REMEDIATION
3. Angle of Depression

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