d.Add a kinesthetic component.

Correct: BABOK 9.1.3.2 Kinesthetic (learning by doing) is the only learning technique Sallie
doesn't appear to be using at this time. Combining techniques helps people learn faster and retain
information longer. Sallie the BA was in the process of conducting training and noticed that
members of the class were having difficulty retaining the information. She is currently using
PowerPoint slides supported by written material. What might you suggest she try?
a.Include more graphics.
b.More frequent review of the material.
c.Assessments; they would pay better attention if they knew they were going to be tested.
d.Add a kinesthetic component.
c.Prototyping.
Prototypes assist stakeholders in visualizing the appearance and capabilities of a planned
solution. This will help the stakeholders understand the complex requirements and provide
feedback. BABOK 7.1.6 and 10.36

b.User stories. Incorrect User stories are used to specify requirements as a brief statement about
what people do or need to do when using the solution. BABOK 7.1.6 Thomas is the lead
business analyst on a project that has complex requirements. To ensure stakeholders understand
the requirements and provide input and feedback early in the design process, Thomas
recommends to use which of the following techniques?
a.Organizational modeling.
b.User stories.IncorrectUser stories are used to specify requirements as a brief statement about
what people do or need to do when using the solution. BABOK 7.1.6
c.Prototyping.CorrectPrototypes assist stakeholders in visualizing the appearance and capabilities
of a planned solution. This will help the stakeholders understand the complex requirements and
provide feedback. BABOK 7.1.6 and 10.36
d.Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria.
b.Functional prototyping.
Also known as "evolutionary", this is a prototyping approach and not method. BABOK 10.36.3.3
Which of the following is NOT a commonly used method for prototyping?
a.Workflow modeling.
b.Functional prototyping.
c.Paper prototyping.
d.Storyboarding.
a.A ratio of the benefits of a solution to be realized compared with the cost to obtain them. It
provides a relative value of a change and can be compared with other potential investments.
Josh was assigned to build a business case for the viable alternatives for replacing a
legacy insurance application with a web-based solution. He narrowed his list down to two viable
options and has summarized the expected costs and benefits into the two tables below. He will
use the tables to calculate their Return on Investment (ROI) so he can recommend the option
providing the most potential value.
What is ROI and why would Josh use it to justify his recommendation?
a.A ratio of the benefits of a solution to be realized compared with the cost to obtain them. It
provides a relative value of a change and can be compared with other potential investments.
b.The rate which an investment breaks even. It tells whether the proposed solution is worth
investing in.
c.It is an assumed rate used in present value calculations. It projects a rate the organization could
earn compared to what it could earn on other investments.
d.A ratio of the present value of the benefits minus the original cost of the investment. It
represents whether the project would yield a higher return than investments elsewhere.
c.Mind mapping Perry is generating ideas on new ways to increase sales in the coming
quarter. However, he finds it difficult to share his unstructured thoughts with the project team.
What technique would be helpful in articulating his ideas?
a.A thought matrix
b.A presentation
c.Mind mapping
d.Fishbone diagram
b.Option B, since it has a higher ROI than A Josh was assigned to build a business case for the
viable alternatives for replacing a legacy insurance application with a web-based solution. He
narrowed his list down to two viable options and has summarized the expected costs and benefits
into the two tables below. He will use the tables to calculate their Return on Investment (ROI) so
he can recommend the option providing the most potential value.
Which of the two choices should Josh recommend based on the Return on Investment (ROI)
potential of the two alternatives?
a.Neither, since both have a negative ROI
b.Option B, since it has a higher ROI than A
c.Option A, since it has a higher ROI than B
d.Either, since they have the same ROI
a.To document the decisions in the format determined prior to the workshop and keep track of
any items or issues that are deferred during the session. What is the role of the scribe in
workshops?
a.To document the decisions in the format determined prior to the workshop and keep track of
any items or issues that are deferred during the session.
b.To take minutes.
c.Documents decisions in the format determined prior to the workshop, keeps track of items in
the parking lot, and tracks the time spent on each agenda item.
d.Documents decisions in the format determined prior to the workshop, keeps track of items in
the parking lot, and ensures all discussions stay on track.
b.Value attributes represent the value proposition of a solution at the solution level. Value
attributes are the characteristics of a solution that determine or substantially influence its value
for stakeholders. Three of the following statements are true about value attributes. Which one is
NOT true?
a.Business analysts ensure that the definition of all value attributes are agreed upon by all
stakeholders.
b.Value attributes represent the value proposition of a solution at the solution level.
c.Basing acceptance and evaluation criteria on value attributes ensures that they are valid and
relevant to stakeholder needs and should be considered when accepting and evaluating the
solution.
d.Business analysts may design tools and instructions for performing the assessment as well as
for recording and processing its results.
b.To standardize a definition of a data element, thus enabling a common interpretation among
stakeholders A senior business analyst was providing advice to a new business analyst and
recommended using a data dictionary for their documentation. What is the purpose of this type of
documentation?
a.To create a meta data repository that can be accessed by all relevant stakeholders
b.To standardize a definition of a data element, thus enabling a common interpretation among
stakeholders
c.To perform data mining and advanced analytics
d.To document the attributes of entities or classes in data models
b.Data modeling As a business analyst, you are working to identify a data structure that
may be similar across the enterprise in order to facilitate requirements reuse. Which technique
would be helpful?
a.Data flow diagrams
b.Data modeling
c.Document analysis
d.Structural design
a.Decision table Jax is a BA interviewing a client regarding business rules related to
discounts for car insurance. The customer started relating several "If, then" scenarios. For
example, "If their age is 16-25, no discount. If their age is 26-35 and they have been accident
free for a minimum of 3 years, they will receive a 5% discount. But, if they have other policies
with us, they will receive an 8% discount. If they are from 36-50 years old and...." Jax was
writing furiously trying to keep up! What would be an effective way to document this set of
business rules?
a.Decision table
b.Decision model
c.Decision requirements diagram
d.Decision analysis
c.Process modeling Anna is a junior business analyst who has just been engaged in a process
improvement project. She is in the planning stage, defining and documenting her business
analysis approach and categorizing stakeholders by the systems that support their business
processes. Which technique would you advise her to use for these activities?
a.Stakeholder analysis
b.Flowcharts
c.Process modeling
d.Stakeholder List, Map, or Personas
b.Stakeholder maps Declan has just completed requirements analysis and design. A
stakeholder who has not been involved in the requirements elicitation process appears and
presents his concerns about the proposed solution. Which technique would have prevented this
scenario?
a.Risk analysis and management
b.Stakeholder maps
c.Brainstorming
d.Organizational modeling
a.Jesse wanted to bolster the response rates. Jesse decided to administer a survey to stakeholder
groups in person vs. email. What is the most likely rationale for this decision?
a.Jesse wanted to bolster the response rates.
b.Jesse didn't want to rely on statistical sampling.
c.Jesse wanted to be present in case the respondents had questions about the survey items.
d.Jesse could also elicit requirements informally while he was there.
d.Create and enforce ground rules dealing with difficult behavior. Which of these facilitation
practices is an effective way to deal with most types of difficult people situations?
a.Use a "time out" and remove the disruptive person from the group.
b.Take control of the group when disruptive behavior occurs.
c.Ignore the difficult person.
d.Create and enforce ground rules dealing with difficult behavior.
a.Time saved by reducing errors when entering new claims. Which of the following is the best
example of a business benefit in a business case?
a.Time saved by reducing errors when entering new claims.
b.Increased confidence that claims are accurately entered.
c.Increased morale across the claims division.
d.Improved usability of the claims entry application.
d.Problem statement definition. A variety of decision analysis approaches are available.
Which of the following is NOT a determinant of the appropriate approach to apply?
a.Risk.
b.Evaluation criteria available.
c.Level of uncertainty.
d.Problem statement definition.
d.A logical or physical entity-relationship diagram Becca is developing a data model that will
be used to implement a relational database. What data model would Becca choose?
a.A logical or physical class diagram
b.A conceptual class diagram
c.A conceptual entity-relationship diagram
d.A logical or physical entity-relationship diagram
b.Focus group This elicitation technique is composed of pre-qualified individuals whose purpose
is to discuss and comment on a topic under the guidance of a trained moderator. These sessions
can be conducted using a homogeneous or heterogeneous audience. What is this technique
called?
a.Workshop
b.Focus group
c.Reviews
d.Formal walkthrough
b.The Marketing actor is not connected to any use case. Consider the following Use Case
diagram. What is wrong with this diagram?
a.There are too many actors for the number of use cases.
b.The Marketing actor is not connected to any use case.
c.There are too many crossed lines.
d.The Cast Parts use case is connected to too many actors.
b.Hours per module Which of the following would make the best choice for a parameter for
estimating the hours needed for the new upgrade?
a.Total hours
b.Hours per module
c.Number of person months
d.Number of modules
a.2,500Given the number of hours needed for the last upgrade, approximately how many hours
of business analysis activities do you estimate the latest upgrade will take?
a.2,500
b.3,000
c.2,700
d.2,000
a.Accurate history For parametric estimation to be valid, what must be available to the
estimator?
a.Accurate history
b.Work breakdown structure
c.Similar past projects
d.Accurate parameters
a.Creative Thinking. A business analyst must be effective in generating alternative solutions
that solve the business need or problem. Which of the following underlying competencies would
be helpful in that endeavor?
a.Creative Thinking.
b.Decision Making.
c.Brainstorming.
d.Systems Thinking.
a.Suitable for quantitative analysis.
Correct: Survey technique is good for both quantitative and qualitative analysis. It all depends on
what the objective of the survey. In this case, we do not know the objective. BABOK 10.45.4.1

Does not typically require significant time from the respondents: Incorrect. This is a listed
strength of a survey. Deepak is a BA on a project that is already over budget and time
constrained. In light of this, he decides to collect information from a group of people using the
survey technique. The following are some of the reasons he would choose this technique. Which
one is NOT one of the reasons?
a.Suitable for quantitative analysis.
b.Quick and relatively inexpensive to administer.
c.Does not typically require significant time from the respondents.
d.Easier to collect information from a larger audience than other techniques such as interviews.
b.Votes that stakeholders assign to each criterion for the alternatives being ranked. Devin
is a junior business analyst working on an effort to add new features to a commercial banking
application. The senior BA on the initiative asked him to complete the matrix below.
What information does Devin need to obtain and from who in order to perform the calculations
for this matrix?
a.Domain knowledge from domain SMEs who work with commercial banking application.
b.Votes that stakeholders assign to each criterion for the alternatives being ranked.
c.Requirements and designs from the team to explain the details of the features.
d.Total votes and final ranking from the team for the alternatives being ranked.
b.Recommend a course of action and let the sponsor decide. Eric is working on a major
project with a looming deadline. The project will greatly benefit the bank he works for,
especially if the team can finish it on time. In fact, Eric's whole team will receive a bonus if they
can deliver before their deadline.
Eric just discovered an important new feature that would significantly improve the solution, but
would interfere with the projected deadline if the team included it now. What should Eric do?
a.Ignore the requirement, since Eric knows another project will be launched to address the new
feature.
b.Recommend a course of action and let the sponsor decide.
c.Because the feature is important and of value to the company, work on it even if it means not
receiving a team bonus.
d.Bring the feature up with the project manager and let her decide.
d.Decision analysis Sara, the resident BA, has just presented the current business decisions
and the changes required to achieve the potential value of the change to an ineffective, existing
solution. Which technique is Sara deploying to achieve her desired outcome?
a.Interviews
b.Lessons learned
c.Data mining
d.Decision analysis
a.Document analysis is primarily helpful only for evaluating the current state. Which of the
following is a limitation for using document analysis technique?
a.Document analysis is primarily helpful only for evaluating the current state.
b.Can be used to validate the results of other requirements elicitation techniques.
c.Findings can be presented in formats that permit ease of review and reuse.
d.Documentation can be used as a point of reference to determine what is current and what has
changed.
a.Ask the interviewee for areas that may have been overlooked during the session. You are
interviewing a manager about some of the business issues she is faced with. It is near the end of
the interview. What might you do?
a.Ask the interviewee for areas that may have been overlooked during the session.
b.Brainstorm next steps.
c.Summarize the session and thank the interviewee for their time.
d.Confirm the results of the interview.
a.Functional decomposition Pamela has broken down the solution scope into smaller
components for allocation, as well as traced high-level concepts to low-level concepts. Which
trace requirements technique is Pamela employing?
a.Functional decomposition
b.Traceability decomposition
c.Scope modeling
d.Process modelling
b.May not occur in the instance of a data element. Which of the following is NOT a basic
principle of business rules?
a.Stated at the atomic level in a declarative format.
b.May not occur in the instance of a data element.
c.Separate them from the processes the rule supports.
d.Document them independently of how they will be enforced.
a.The business analyst determines how to secure decisions and resolve conflicts across an
initiative.
Correct: This answer defines the business analyst's role in Conflict and Issue Management.
BABOK 5.5.4.2 and 9.5.4.2
The business analyst obtains stakeholder approvals and is required to understand who holds
decision-making responsibility and who possesses authority for sign-off across the initiative.
Incorrect: This answer defines the business analyst's role in Understanding Stakeholder Roles.
BABOK 5.5.4.1 Which statement best defines the business analyst's role in conflict and
issues management?
a.The business analyst determines how to secure decisions and resolve conflicts across an
initiative.
b.The business analyst obtains stakeholder approvals and is required to understand who holds
decision-making responsibility and who possesses authority for sign-off across the initiative.
c.The business analyst records all approval decisions in a requirements management or tracking
tool.
d.The business analyst ensures that the stakeholders with approval authority understand and
accept the requirements.
b.User stories As a business analyst you want to specify the needs of a specific user and enable
teams to define features of value to a user and written in a user's language. What technique
would best serve this purpose?
a.User specification
b.User stories
c.Prototyping
d.Use cases and scenarios
c.Provides a high-level overview of a process.
A process map with only pre-defined processes and no inputs and outputs can be valuable. It can
serve as an executive summary and/or a starting point for more detailed modeling. What purpose
does a process map like this serve?
a.Provides a useful rough draft prior to adding detailed process steps and decision points.
b.A process map without inputs and outputs does not serve much purpose.
c.Provides a high-level overview of a process.
d.The type of model shown represents a complete picture of the given process.
d.Initiation/termination symbols. An eager sales representative volunteered to document a
rough draft of the sales process in his department. He asked you, as the business analyst on a
major project for the department, for advice.
What is the diagram lacking to make it a valid process map?
a.Actors to initiate and receive output from the process.
b.Inputs and outputs.
c.Process Steps.
d.Initiation/termination symbols.
c.Add a path to break out of the endless loops and exit the process. An eager sales representative
volunteered to document a rough draft of the sales process in his department. He asked you, as
the business analyst on a major project for the department, for advice.
What does the diagram need to make it reflect a more realistic process?
a.Add inputs and outputs to the process map.
b.Add details for all the pre-defined processes.
c.Add a path to break out of the endless loops and exit the process.
d.Add relevant actors to the process map.
d.Transition requirement Andre is focusing on documenting the needs of the enterprise
related to data conversion. What type of requirement is Andre documenting?
a.Solution requirement
b.Non-functional requirement
c.Functional requirement
d.Transition requirement
b.Precondition Sarah documented what circumstances must be in place prior to the steps outlined
in a use case she was creating. What term addresses what Sarah was documenting?
a.Alternative flow
b.Precondition
c.Post condition
d.Boundaries
d.Surveys What is the best means for eliciting information from numerous people,
anonymously, in a relatively short period of time?
a.Focus group
b.Requirements workshop
c.Reviews
d.Surveys
b.Nothing. You should identify the family members (and their characteristics) who will be
impacted by the change as you normally would. Given important stakeholders in this
organization are family members, what do you need to do differently to define their roles and
responsibilities?
a.Nothing. You should find an organizational chart to consider any unique needs.
b.Nothing. You should identify the family members (and their characteristics) who will be
impacted by the change as you normally would.
c.Understand that despite the titles family members have, the parents will have ultimate decision-
making authority.
d.Use a Roles and Permission Matrix for this effort.
c.Franchisee growth rates have slowed from 635% 4-5 years ago to 35% the past two years.
You recognize the business needs could be improved with additional refinements. If you
wanted to improve them, what would you suggest be changed or added to the stated business
needs?
a.The sponsors are worried that the unique Willow Brook experience will deteriorate for the
franchisees and want to implement a Net Promoter Score survey to measure public and industry
perception.
b.Adding a new franchisee is a complicated and error-prone process that takes up to a week to
perform and the franchisees would prefer it be done in two days.
c.Franchisee growth rates have slowed from 635% 4-5 years ago to 35% the past two years.
d.Franchisee growth rates have slowed from 275% 4-5 years ago to 34% the past two years.
d.Project Manager, since any potential corrections will impact the project's schedule and budget
You feel strongly in continuous improvement of your business analysis efforts. When
you identify potential improvements, with which of the following roles is the most important one
to consult with and why?
a.Garrett, the assumed CIO and a key Subject Matter Expert, since any improvements will affect
IT.
b.Chis, a key Subject Matter Expert, to set expectations regarding his involvement.
c.Shelly and Stan, the sponsors, since they will have to approve any additional funding needed.
d.Project Manager, since any potential corrections will impact the project's schedule and budget.
a.Ask key stakeholders which performance measures they think are appropriate. Given the
entrepreneurial nature of the company, which of the following should you consider for
measuring the business analysis work effort?
a.Ask key stakeholders which performance measures they think are appropriate.
b.Use Item Tracking because of its simplicity.
c.Use standard business analysis performance measures that have worked on other similar
projects.
d.Use existing organizational performance standards.
d.Risk originates from the uncertainty present in a solution. Which of these is accurate regarding
risk management?
a.It is a passive activity in project management.
b.Organizations are not likely to perceive risk as a threat to project success.
c.The attitudes of individuals and organizations must not be a factor affecting risk management.
d.Risk originates from the uncertainty present in a solution.
c.Prototyping Which of the following techniques would best help in visually uncovering
interface requirements quickly and early in the analysis process?
a.Entity relationship diagrams
b.Use cases
c.Prototyping
d.Activity diagrams
c.Because it often takes five times of asking "why?" to reach the root cause. 'The five
whys" is a question-asking process to explore the nature and cause of a problem. Why is the
technique called "the five whys?"
a.Because the business analyst has to interview at least five stakeholders.
b.Because the question must be asked five times.
c.Because it often takes five times of asking "why?" to reach the root cause.
d.Because it can be used alone or as part of the fishbone diagram technique.
a.Root cause analysis Joseph is working on a small project and it seems that the requirements
and associated solution are obvious. However, Joseph really wants to challenge his stakeholders
to ensure that the requirements and subsequent solution will effectively address the business
need. What is Joseph trying to do?
a.Root cause analysis
b.Solution scope analysis
c.Problem analysis
d.Decision analysis
c.Entity relationship diagram. Data dictionaries are used to standardize the definitions of data
elements within the context of a solution. What data model is oftentimes partnered with a data
dictionary?
a.Activity diagram.
b.Sequence diagram.
c.Entity relationship diagram.
d.Swim lane diagram.
b.The business need was not clearly articulated. The BA could have used influencing skills to
convince the sponsor to prepare a business case.
lần đầu đáp án là A What would you say is the most significant issue with how this initiative
was launched and what could the BA assigned to the effort have done to mitigate it?
a.The scope of the solution was not adequately defined. The BA could have defined a change
strategy which would have firmed up the scope.
b.The business need was not clearly articulated. The BA could have used influencing skills to
convince the sponsor to prepare a business case.
c.There was no definition of success for this effort. The BA could have worked to define the
desired future state.
d.The change strategy did not include any alternatives. The BA could have used influencing
skills to convince the sponsor to consider alternatives as part of the change strategy.
c.Recommend assessing the change to the scope. Given the directive to add a new product
line to the initiative, what should the BA do?
a.Record and prioritize the needed work into the product backlog and manage it according to the
agreed-on backlog management process.
b.Trace the new requirement back to the business need.
c.Recommend assessing the change to the scope.
d.Interview the product manager for the new product to discover the difference in commission
structure.
d.Defining how decisions will be made about requirements reviews, approvals, and
prioritization. Which of the following activities is most likely to have been overlooked?
a.Ensuring stakeholders were collaborating and working towards a common goal of a new
commission system.
b.Stakeholder analysis to uncover the needs of the sales team, which was a cause of scope
expansion.
c.Listing the G/L Function as an actor on the scope model when they were a legitimate actor.
d.Defining how decisions will be made about requirements reviews, approvals, and
prioritization.
c.Maslow's hierarchy of needs. A BA who relies solely on their technical knowledge might
be least likely to utilize which of the following tools?
a.Mercury.
b.Rational rose.
c.Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
d.Service oriented architecture.
d.Decisions that don't represent the needs of the majority of the stakeholders. Gwen is
planning for a workshop to assess design options and recommend a solution. She has scheduled
the session and sent out the invitations. Unfortunately, she has gotten several meeting declines.
Which of the following limitations is she likely to encounter should she decide to continue with
the workshop?
a.Avoid too many participants that can slow down the workshop process.
b.Post workshop wrap-up will not need to be done.
c.Achieve agreement in a relatively short period of time.
d.Decisions that don't represent the needs of the majority of the stakeholders.
a.Allowable values of an attribute are specified through business rules and attributes in a data
dictionary. Where is the best place to specify attributes and the allowable values associated
with attributes?
a.Allowable values of an attribute are specified through business rules and attributes in a data
dictionary.
b.Allowable values of an attribute and any allowable values are specified in a data dictionary.
c.Both allowable values of an attribute and the attribute are specified as text within the diagram.
d.Allowable values of an attribute are specified in policies governed by the business and
attributes are specified in a data dictionary.
c.Work to establish effective working relationships with the stakeholders involved. What
is one of the first thing(s) you need to do to ensure a successful outcome?
a.Define the definition of "done."
b.Work with key stakeholders to develop a shared consensus vision of the outcome.
c.Work to establish effective working relationships with the stakeholders involved.
d.Find out from the sponsor how realistic the 4-month deadline really is.
a.Identify the appropriate decision makers and process needed for decisions to be made.
This is a partial description of the task Plan Business Analysis Governance, which uses the BA
Approach and Stakeholder Engagement Approach as inputs. It would specifically address the
concerns about how changes will be handled. If Scrum is followed, the Product Owner would be
the appropriate decision maker. If the team is self-organizing, it would be responsible for the
process. BABOK 3.3.2 Assume you have performed some stakeholder analysis and
identified how best to collaborate and communicate with them. What is your best choice to
address the concerns expressed in the case study about responsibilities and authority for handling
changes?
a.Identify the appropriate decision makers and process needed for decisions to be made.
b.Bring up the concerns with the Scrum Master and facilitate a resolution to them.
c.Work with key stakeholders to gain consensus on changed requirements, communicate the
outcome of discussions, and track and manage the approval.
d.Wait for requirements approvals once construction and implementation of a solution meeting
specific requirements has begun.
b.Information Management Approach The team has decided that they will use index cards
to document their user stories, and will attach post-it notes to them to record data requirements
and acceptance criteria. What has the team defined?
a.User Story Conversation
b.Information Management Approach
c.Requirements Architecture
d.Requirements (specified and modeled)
b.According to the decided Governance Approach Once the project is underway, and the need
arises to prioritize requirements, how will the Sail Away team prioritize requirements?
a.The product owner decides
b.According to the decided Governance Approach
c.Based on the business need
d.According to the decided Change Strategy
d.Alias, description, values Which of the following are included as primitive data elements in a
data dictionary?
a.Name, values, definition
b.Relationships, alias, description
c.Values, relationship, name, rules
d.Alias, description, values
b.Understood enterprise and solution limitations. Before recommending a change to the
inventory system, what should the team have done?
a.Ensured that all requirements and designs align to the business requirements and support the
delivery of needed value.
b.Understood enterprise and solution limitations.
c.Ensured that requirements were clearly communicated along with cost and benefits information
to the key stakeholders responsible for approving the proposal.
d.Provided a clear definition of the outcomes that will satisfy the business need.
b.0.35 What is the expected Return on Investment for the proposed inventory management
change?
a.0.48
b.0.35
c.0.62
d.95,000
d.Encourage stakeholders to work towards the common goal of increased profitability. Once
the recommendation is made, what is the next most important thing for Silvia and the team to
do?
a.Ask the sponsor to decide which kind of optimization to do first.
b.Obtain approval of requirements and designs for solution construction to proceed.
c.Ensure that all requirements and designs in the recommended solution align to the business
requirements and support the delivery of needed value.
d.Encourage stakeholders to work towards the common goal of increased profitability.
c.The BA acknowledges that all stakeholders may participate in different roles and at different
times during a change and plans accordingly. How would the core concept of
"stakeholder" be applied to the elicitation and collaboration knowledge area?
a.The BA communicates with various stakeholders in accordance with their preferences.
b.The BA identifies stakeholders.
c.The BA acknowledges that all stakeholders may participate in different roles and at different
times during a change and plans accordingly.
d.The BA analyzes stakeholders to understand their preferences .
a.Return on investment, discount rate, present value, net present value, internal rate of return,
payback period. Which are the commonly used financial calculation methods?
a.Return on investment, discount rate, present value, net present value, internal rate of return,
payback period.
b.Return on investment, discount rate, present value, net present value, internal rate of return,
buyback period, cost-benefit analysis.
c.Return on investment, average rate of return, discount rate, present value, net present value,
internal rate of return, buyback period.
d.Return on investment, discount rate, present value, net present value, internal rate of return,
average rate of return.
a.Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM) You are in the initial phase of a project and the project
manager has not been assigned. You have been asked to provide a quantitative assessment of the
likely costs for resources required for the project. Which of the following techniques would be
BEST to use?
a.Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM)
b.Parametric estimation
c.Evaluation criteria
d.Delphi
c.Why do I want it?; What are the needs?; What do I want?; What are the conditions? The
BABOK poses basic questions that are answered as the BA navigates through the requirements
and design cycle. What is the order of the four questions in which they are processed during the
design cycle?
a.What are the needs?; Why do I want it?; What do I want?; What are the conditions?
b.What are the needs?; What are the conditions?; Why do I want it? What do I want?
c.Why do I want it?; What are the needs?; What do I want?; What are the conditions?
d.Why do I want it?; What are the needs?; What are the conditions?; What do I want?
b.It is a business requirement
Business requirements are related to business goals and objectives given they are "statements of
goals, objectives, and outcomes that describe why a change has been initiated." The desire for
increased market share clearly reflects that definition. BABOK 6.1.8 and 2.3 Which of the
following statements about increasing the size of CTC's market share by 15% is the most true:
a.It is a business objective
b.It is a business requirement
c.It is a business goal
d.It is part of the Future State Description
a.Use Cases because of the numerous interactions between actors and the system. Which type of
model would be most appropriate to use for specifying requirements for the processes that CTC
needs?
a.Use Cases because of the numerous interactions between actors and the system.
b.Swim Lane Models because the process steps have numerous handoffs between actors.
c.State Diagrams because the sale goes through numerous states from "for sale" to "sold."
d.Sequence Diagrams because it can show how the various objects interact in the given
scenarios.
b.Identify that the more complex requirements are a Derive type of relationship to the
requirements for the Make Offer process. During a review of the requirements for the effort,
you discover the "Make Offer" process is more complicated than you first understood. The goal
of this process is to complete a sale. If a buyer and seller can't agree on a price, the property is
returned to an available status and all offers and counter-offers are retained for future reference.
What is your best response to discovering this information?
a.Given that Save Offers does not accomplish the desired goal of selling a property, model it as
an Exception Path in the Make Offer process.
b.Identify that the more complex requirements are a Derive type of relationship to the
requirements for the Make Offer process.
c.Given the complexity of the newly discovered process, reject the new requirements as being
out of scope.
d.Identify the new requirements as a Depends relationship between the newly discovered Save
Offers and the main Make Offer process.
b.Physical data flow diagram.A business analyst wants to model all of the data stores, printers,
forms, devices; in other words, everywhere data is displayed or shown. Which of the following
data flow diagrams would accomplish that goal?
a.A data flow diagram can only show where data is stored.
b.Physical data flow diagram.
c.Context diagram.
d.Logical data flow diagram.
b.Logistics.
This not a consideration for acceptance and evaluation criteria. BABOK 10.1.3 Medix
International has hired you to work on a project to choose an Electronic Health Record (EHR)
system. You are preparing an artifact to define measures of value attributes to be used for
assessing and comparing solutions and alternative designs. Which of the following is NOT a
consideration in creating this artifact?
a.Testability
b.Logistics.
c.Value proposition.
d.Measures.
c.Feature B
Calculating the risk level: 35% * 5 = 1.75. (Residual risk is considered after the risk level is
calculated, and both are 2.) B has a lower risk level than A, so should have a higher priority all
else being equal. BABOK 10.38.3.2 and Table 2.1.1: The BACCM - Valued. The
probability of the risk occurring with Feature A is 50%, the impact of the risk is a 4 on a 1-5
scale and the residual risk level is a 2 on the same scale. The probability of the risk occurring
with Feature B is 35%, the impact is 5, and the residual risk level is 2.
Which feature should be the higher priority when taking level of risk into account?
a.Either, since they have the same level of risk
b.Neither, since not enough information is known to properly calculate level of risk
c.Feature B
d.Feature A
a.Expert judgment and historical analysis
"Risks are discovered and identified through a combination of expert judgment, stakeholder
input, experimentation, past experiences, and historical analysis of similar initiatives and
situations." To arrive at the risk levels involved, which of the following would be most
appropriate to use?
a.Expert judgment and historical analysis
b.Solution knowledge and experimentation
c.Stakeholder input and industry knowledge
d.Organization knowledge and past experiences
c.Accept
The risk levels of the two features are relatively low, so accepting them is the most reasonable
answer of the choices given. Ultimately, the affected stakeholders would decide if the risks are
acceptable. BABOK 10.38.3.4 Given the calculated risks, which of the following would
you suggest as the appropriate risk response?
a.Transfer
b.Mitigate
c.Accept
d.Avoid
b.Business case
The business case includes the need, desired outcome, recommended solution, and value
estimates related back to strategic goals and objectives. BABOK 10.7.3.3 You are reviewing
several documents in preparation for eliciting requirements. One document describes the
rationale for and the benefits of the solution from the business point of view. What document is
this?
a.Project charter
b.Business case
c.Feasibility study
d.Vision statement
d.Understanding enterprise problems and goals, analyzing needs and solutions, devising
strategies, driving change, and facilitating stakeholder collaboration. What would be
required for a business analyst to align the designed and delivered solutions to the needs to the
stakeholders?
a.Understanding enterprise problems and goals, analyzing needs and solutions, eliminating
redundancies, and facilitating stakeholder collaboration.
b.Understanding enterprise problems and goals, analyzing needs and solutions, devising
strategies, driving change, eliminating redundancies, and facilitating stakeholder collaboration.
c.Understanding enterprise problems and goals, analyzing needs and solutions, driving change,
eliminating redundancies, and facilitating stakeholder collaboration.
d.Understanding enterprise problems and goals, analyzing needs and solutions, devising
strategies, driving change, and facilitating stakeholder collaboration.
b.Business model canvas As part of an initial strategy exercise, a business analyst was
required to come up with a method to capture how an enterprise creates, delivers, and captures
value for and from its customers.

Which technique would provide the required information?

a.Business capability analysis
b.Business model canvas
c.Glossary
d.SWOT analysis
a.Customer relationships As part of an initial strategy exercise, a business analyst was
required to come up with a method to capture how an enterprise creates, delivers, and captures
value for and from its customers.

As a result of the outcome of an initial strategy exercise, the BA was challenged by the client in
identifying the best way to attract and retain customers. Which aspect of the business model
canvas could the BA leverage in order to present a viable solution to the response of the client?
a.Customer relationships
b.Benchmarking studies
c.Use cases
d.Customer segments
d.Conduct a workshop with managers from similar functional units across dispersed locations in
an attempt to find process improvement opportunities. Brainstorming would be the most
suitable technique for uncovering requirements in which of the following situations?
a.Identify dependencies between requirements for traceability purposes.
b.Add detail to the current process flow for work order transmittals through the warehouse.
c.Determine the appropriate format for communication of business analysis information.
d.Conduct a workshop with managers from similar functional units across dispersed locations in
an attempt to find process improvement opportunities.
b.Estimation. What technique is used by business analysts and other stakeholders to forecast the
cost and effort involved in pursuing a course of action?
a.PERT.
b.Estimation.
c.Forecast analysis.
d.Bottom-up.
b.Value In the requirements life cycle management knowledge area, which is the core
concept that maintains requirements for reuse to extend value beyond the current initiative?
a.Solution
b.Value
c.Traceability
d.Context
d.It is the highest level a data flow diagram which represents the system in its entirety, as a
transformation engine with externals as the source or consumer of data.
Correct: BABOK 10.13.2, Figure 10.13.1 Which of the following statements accurately
reflects the definition of a context diagram?
a.It shows where data comes from, which activities process the data, and if the output results are
stored or utilized by another activity or external entity.
b.It illustrates the processes related to the system with the respective input data, output
transformed data, and data stores.
c.It represents the future or essential state regardless of current physical limitations.
d.It is the highest level a data flow diagram which represents the system in its entirety, as a
transformation engine with externals as the source or consumer of data.
a.Lessons learned, risk analysis and management, workshops, item tracking Which of the
following techniques may be helpful in identifying business analysis performance
improvements?
a.Lessons learned, risk analysis and management, workshops, item tracking
b.Risk analysis and management, reviews, root cause analysis, document analysis
c.Lessons learned, risk analysis and management, workshops, mind mapping
d.Reviews, root cause analysis, survey or questionnaire, document analysis
b.Each Product is potentially ordered many times, which the business wants. But, it does not
have to be ordered on any.
The notation states each Product can appear on zero to many Order Items, which is what the
answer says. BABOK 10.15.3.3. The diagram indicates which of the following business
rules:
a.Each Order contains any number of Items. But without changing the Checkout System, we are
limited to a maximum of 99 items on an order.
b.Each Product is potentially ordered many times, which the business wants. But, it does not
have to be ordered on any.
c.Each Product is potentially ordered on many Orders. To be valid it must be on at least one
Order or why even have it.
d.Each Order contains any number of Items without an upper limit.
c.Products can only be traced back to the customers who order them by working through the
Order Items and Orders. A senior buyer who is one of the domain SMEs on the project is
interested in knowing about product purchases by customer. Which of the following statements
is the most correct?
a.There should be a relationship directly from Product to Customer to show products ordered by
customer.
b.There is no way to track which products were ordered by which customers because of the long
"chain" of entities from Product to Customer.
c.Products can only be traced back to the customers who order them by working through the
Order Items and Orders.
d.There is no way to track which products were ordered by which customers because of the
optional relationship from Product to Order Item.
c.Glossary
Glossaries are used to provide a common understanding of terms used by stakeholders. Gary is
a business analyst for his organization and he's discovering that the technicians, information
technology specialist, customer, and other stakeholders use many acronyms and terms that hold
different meanings for different stakeholders. For consistency sake, what tool can Gary use to
ensure proper communication during his planned elicitation activities?
a.Style guide
b.Data dictionary
c.Glossary
d.Defined lexicon
a.Decision analysis, acceptance/evaluation criteria, and vendor assessment. Riley's
recommendation to replace the existing under-performing software with a COTS solution was
approved. The decision to go with the COTS software was supported through a decision tree.
Riley also recommended that Invitation to Bid be sent to three vendors with weighted evaluation
criteria. Vendor bids would then be ranked against the prioritized criteria. The vendor with the
most points would be selected. What are the techniques Riley either used or recommended in this
process?
a.Decision analysis, acceptance/evaluation criteria, and vendor assessment.
b.Vendor assessment, decision analysis, and key performance indicators.
c.Decision analysis, structured walkthrough, and functional decomposition.
d.Vendor assessment, key performance indicators, and acceptance/evaluation criteria definition.
b.Interpret and synthesize the performance measures already reported to analyze the value of the
current solution before replacing it. The CEO questions whether the current manufacturing and
related systems can help the company gain new market share. He wants the team to obtain a
popular ERP software package called PAS. What is the first thing you should do?
a.Develop a change strategy to justify why the software package is the best approach.
b.Interpret and synthesize the performance measures already reported to analyze the value of the
current solution before replacing it.
c.Estimate the potential value for the PAS option to establish whether it is appropriate to meet
the company's needs.
d.Determine the measures that can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the software package
the CEO wants.
d.Risks, Trends, Performance Variances The CEO questions whether the current
manufacturing and related systems can help the company gain new market share. He wants the
team to obtain a popular ERP software package called PAS.
In responding to the CEO's request, which of the following should be considered?
a.Business Requirements, Metrics and Key Performance Indicators, Organizational Strategy
b.Business Objectives, Solution Scope, Implemented Solution
c.Accuracy, Currency of Data, Sample Size
d.Risks, Trends, Performance Variances
a.He is considering performance of the applications over their necessary value.
When analyzing performance measures, an important element is to consider solution
performance vs. desired value to the enterprise. Given the negative trend in the data collected,
the necessary value may not be present for the current solution. BABOK 8.2.4.1. The CIO
raises some good points about the current applications. What is potentially lacking with the
CIO's considerations?
a.He is considering performance of the applications over their necessary value.
b.He does not have quantitative measures to support his concerns.
c.He is focused too much on the business architecture.
d.He is not taking business needs into account.
c.Competitive Analysis
Analyzing competitors would help put the industry into perspective. There may be important
trends that would affect the assessment of the performance measures mentioned in the case
study. BABOK 8.2.6 and 10.4. NOTE: In the Techniques chapter Competitive Analysis is called
Market Analysis, but is described as analyzing "the factors that influence their decisions to
purchase, and the competitors that exist in the market" (10.4.2). In addition, the term
Competitive Analysis is listed in the Glossary: "determine the practices of the most significant
competitors."

Business Case: Incorrect. This is a tempting answer because a business case usually helps to
assess the viability of major initiatives. The reason it is not the correct answer is that competitive
analysis would help you to better understand the context and industry trends. It would then help
in guiding an eventual business case. BABOK 6.2.6 and 10.7. The CEO questions whether
the current manufacturing and related systems can help the company gain new market share. He
wants the team to obtain a popular ERP software package called PAS.
To help in understanding the situation and to provide guidance, which of the following
techniques would you employ first?
a.Industry Knowledge
b.Business Case
c.Competitive Analysis
d.Business Model Canvas
d.He is being influenced by sunk cost. The concerns expressed by the CIO can be best
summarized by which of the following?
a.He is expressing concerns about opportunity cost.
b.He is working to maximize investment.
c.He is trying to avoid waste.
d.He is being influenced by sunk cost.
c.Prototyping An education institution has hired you, as the lead business analyst, to help them
build an online registration solution. The students should to be able to: register for courses,
submit admission documents, make payment, and create an account profile online. You have
been given the input fields that need to be included in the web form and have designed the form.
Upon launching the online system, your stakeholders are very disappointed by the look and
arrangement of the web form fields. What would have helped avoid these design issues?
a.User stories
b.Data flow diagrams
c.Prototyping
d.Scope modeling
a.Functional decomposition Jan and Lisa are Enterprise Analysts who have been assigned to a
multi-million dollar system integration project that will merge a newly purchased company's
system functionality onto the current company platform. Because there are two more mergers
planned for the near future, Jan and Lisa's manager has asked them to identify and document
which requirements could be reused for future mergers and acquisitions. Lisa has scheduled a
meeting with several of her colleagues to brainstorm ideas about which requirements could be
reused. Which technique/tool may be best suited for this task?
a.Functional decomposition
b.Requirements Architecture
c.Decision analysis
d.Requirement management tools/repository
d.Verifying requirements What type of task is the team performing during this final meeting
with the stakeholders?
a.Formal walkthrough
b.Defining requirements architecture
c.Validating requirements
d.Verifying requirements
b.An order can be shipped on any number of shipments, and the items can be split up. As you
review orders and shipments with the subject matter experts, which of the following statements
best describes a data business rule in the model?
a.An order can be shipped on any number of shipments, but each item must be shipped on one
shipment.
b.An order can be shipped on any number of shipments, and the items can be split up.
c.A location can be designated as the default shipping location.
d.An order item can be shipped to multiple locations.
b.There is no way to identify a specific individual who a shipment is intended for. Suppose a
stakeholder asks what the limitations are imposed by this model. How would you respond?
a.A location must be able to accept shipments to be valid.
b.There is no way to identify a specific individual who a shipment is intended for.
c.A contact can work only at a single location.
d.A customer must have at least one order on file to be valid.
a.Confirm that an order can potentially be split up. Given the model as it currently exists, what
information might you want to elicit from your stakeholders during the final review?
a.Confirm that an order can potentially be split up.
b.Ask why a customer must have one order to be a valid customer.
c.Confirm that a contact can only work at one location.
d.Ask why a location must be able to accept orders to be considered valid.
c.Use a budgeting/time-boxing approach. To help understand the most important areas of the
model to focus the development efforts on first, which approach would the BA use to prioritize
the necessary business analysis work?
a.Ask the product owner to group the entities in high, medium, and low priority.
b.Reach consensus by negotiating which entities to work on first.
c.Use a budgeting/time-boxing approach.
d.Rank the entities from most to least important.
a.Keywords. In the general structure of mind map, which of the following is used to articulate
the nature of the association of topics or sub-topics connected by a branch?
a.Keywords.
b.Images.
c.Color.
d.Connected line.
d.Develop a design to demonstrate the solution's value
A design is a usable representation of a solution. Design focuses on understanding how value
might be realized by a solution if it is built. Since we don't know what the requirements include,
it's impossible to know which type of design would be helpful to demonstrate value. BABOK 2.2

b.Develop a screen mock-up to demonstrate the solution's value

Incorrect: A screen mock-up is a type of design and is too narrowly focused given the
information in the question. Since we don't know what the requirements include, it's impossible
to know which type of design would be helpful to demonstrate value. BABOK 2.2Yuki, the
business analyst, had organized her requirements into a matrix but feels that the list doesn't truly
give stakeholders an understanding of how value might be realized by the solution once built.
What would be a logical next step?
a.Develop a prototype to demonstrate the solution's value
b.Develop a screen mock-up to demonstrate the solution's value
c.Develop a process model to demonstrate the solution's value
d.Develop a design to demonstrate the solution's value
a.The glossary will require an owner who can keep it updated. Liz is a BA documenting the
pros and cons of creating a glossary for her manager. Which of the following is a primary
limitation that Liz highlighted in her documentation?
a.The glossary will require an owner who can keep it updated.
b.The glossary must be easily accessible to relevant stakeholders.
c.The glossary will be time consuming to create.
d.The glossary requires consensus of the stakeholders on the definitions to be used.
b.Transition requirements How are these requirements classified in the Requirements
Classification Schema: converting the database, building "bridges" between the old and new
software, creating user instructions, and running parallel tests? "
a.System requirements
b.Transition requirements
c.None since these are not requirements
d.Stakeholder requirements
a.There appear to be numerous risks in a variety of areas. Identify the risks, analyze the risks
using risk impact scale, evaluate the risk level, determine how to reduce the risk. Which of the
above risks are apt to prevent the project getting done on time and what would you do?
a.There appear to be numerous risks in a variety of areas. Identify the risks, analyze the risks
using risk impact scale, evaluate the risk level, determine how to reduce the risk.
b.Implementing new software without understanding the impact to the various business areas and
without user acceptance testing. Measure these risks, recommend a course of action to the
sponsor, and explain to the sponsor the impact and consequences of completing the project
without developing a risk management plan.
c.Not having the appropriate resources, such as a business analyst and business stakeholders who
represent the many areas that will be affected by this new software. Purchase commercial
software to transfer this risk to the vendor of the proposed commercial software.
d.Not meeting the six-month deadline and therefore losing the client. Have a meeting with Bon
Voyage. Use negotiating and influencing skills to explain the reasons why the project will take
longer than six months. Provide realistic dates.
d.Facilitate a meeting with Daniel and the sponsor to understand the issues of priorities and the
impact of Daniel's unavailability on the project timeline. You know that having the business
stakeholder Daniel Chardonne available to represent stakeholders on the project is key to its
success. You have talked to Daniel and he said that the project is not as important to him as
getting his daily work done. How might you get his buy-in?
a.Analyze the performance measures to provide insights into the performance of the solution in
relation to the value it brings. Show Daniel that getting the project done in 6 months, although it
presents risks, gives the greatest value to the organization.
.b.Use process modeling and analysis to show Daniel what the difference between the current
and future states.
c.Facilitate a meeting between Daniel and the sponsor on the advantages of doing the project
agily to reduce risk and to get some, if not all, the features of the software delivered
incrementally.
d.Facilitate a meeting with Daniel and the sponsor to understand the issues of priorities and the
impact of Daniel's unavailability on the project timeline.
c.You have not uncovered the business need so you do not know what solution will meet the
need. How would you describe the business need of and the proposed solution for this project?
a.You know you need to implement a system to provide the ability to sell different items at
different stores (need) but you do not yet know what the solution will be.
b.You know you need to get the project done in 6 months (need) and new commercial software
(solution).
c.You have not uncovered the business need so you do not know what solution will meet the
need.
d.You know that the organization needs to have the ability to sell different items at different
stores (need) and a new sales promotion system (solution).
a.Retrospective What is another name for lessons learned?
a.Retrospective
b.Backward looking
c.Project review
d.Post mortem
b.Business Model Canvas Which technique would be most useful in helping Pied Piper Pizza
determine their business need?
a.Negotiation and Conflict Resolution
b.Business Model Canvas
c.Stakeholder Engagement Approach
d.Financial Analysis
a.Current State Description Which of the following is one of the first outputs that you would
create?
a.Current State Description
b.Change Strategy
c.Business Case
d.Business Model Canvas
d.Interaction Skills Which of your underlying competencies would help the owners the most?
a.Analytical Thinking and Problem Solving
b.Business Knowledge
c.Communication Skills
d.Interaction Skills
d.Strategy Analysis/Analyze Current State because the analysis of the current state will identify
and prioritize needs. Which Knowledge Area/Task would you choose as you begin to work
with Pied Piper Pizza?
a.Elicitation and Collaboration/Prepare for Elicitation, since this is where we identify the
stakeholders and their assorted needs, which is necessary before we propose any solution.
b.Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring/Plan Business Analysis Approach since it not only
describes the method to be followed to perform business analysis work, but also this is where
needs are identified and prioritized.
c.Requirements Life Cycle Management/Plan Business Analysis Governance. Given the high
potential for issues with scope and the identification of additional needs, it will be necessary to
plan the approach for identifying and managing new needs as they arise.
d.Strategy Analysis/Analyze Current State because the analysis of the current state will identify
and prioritize needs.
d.Identify and verify assumptions. Which of the following is NOT a verification activity?
a.Checking for compliance with organizational performance standards for business analysis.
b.Checking for correct use of modelling notation, templates, or forms.
c.Checking for completeness within each model.
d.Identify and verify assumptions.
a.Conceptual data models are independent of any solution; logical and physical data models
include elements specific to the solutions they support. What is the basic difference between
a conceptual data model and a logical or physical data model?
a.Conceptual data models are independent of any solution; logical and physical data models
include elements specific to the solutions they support.
b.Conceptual data models describe a solution at a high level; logical and physical data models
elaborate the conceptual model.
c.Conceptual data models are typically in the form of a matrix; logical and physical data models
are in the form of diagrams.
d.Conceptual data models do not include supporting textual descriptions whereas logical and
physical data models include text.
b.Checklist

The purpose of a checklist in the verify requirements task is to ensure that items determined to be
important are included in the final requirements deliverables

truoc do la cau D. The project team is in the process of confirming compliance with
organizational business analysis performance standards, correct use of modeling notation and
completeness within each model, and that items determined to be important are included in the
final requirements deliverables. What tool would help in carrying out these activities?
a.Item tracking
b.Checklist
c.Control chart
d.Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs)
a.Currently it takes an average of 72 hours to process line items on orders. Because our main
competitor guarantees that they can process items in 24 hours, we risk losing customers, which
could result in losing $2M. Which of these represents the best statement of business need?
a.Currently it takes an average of 72 hours to process line items on orders. Because our main
competitor guarantees that they can process items in 24 hours, we risk losing customers, which
could result in losing $2M.
b.We need to update our infrastructure before we develop new software.
c.There is no longer a need to send paper catalogues to customers. Our website displays all the
items in a catalog and most customers prefer to order online.
d.The current order processing system is too slow. We cannot process orders in a timely manner,
resulting in lost customers.
a.Each individual can have multiple locations as long as there is at least one for every customer.
Which of these statements about the relationship between customers and locations is true
according to the case study?
a.Each individual can have multiple locations as long as there is at least one for every customer.
b.There is a many-to-many relationship between customers and locations. That is, a customer can
have multiple locations and a location can be assigned to multiple customers as long as there is at
least one customer assigned.
c.Individual customers can also be business customers. That is, they can buy bikes both for their
personal use and for their businesses.
d.Each location is for one and only one customer.
c.Meet individually to determine their individual goals and to assist them in understanding how
the solution aligns with the organization's objectives. A decision has been made to create a
new Order Processing system. Hector Boyle and Douglas Colby are disappointed because
initiatives to develop their preferred solutions have been delayed. What is one way that the BA
can influence a positive outcome?
a.Since the potential value is so high ($2 million or more), have the sponsor (Ben) explain why
the decision was made and help them understand how it supports the organization's objectives.
b.Because of the differing views about potential solutions, do team-building exercises to help
them feel less resistant to change.
c.Meet individually to determine their individual goals and to assist them in understanding how
the solution aligns with the organization's objectives.
d.Given the potential conflict in the organization, bring all the parties together (Ben, Hector, and
Douglas) to resolve their differences and find a way to move forward.
b.Trace Requirements using Scope Modeling

Trace requirements is completed to ensure that requirements at different levels are aligned to one
another. BABOK 5.1.1.

Assess Requirements Changes using the Solution Scope: Incorrect: Assessing requirements is
completed to determine if the proposed change will increase the value of the solution, not
whether or not the change is a new one. BABOK 5.4.2. After the initial set of requirements
has been approved, Dawn Murphy requests additional requirements. There is disagreement about
whether or not these new requirements are actual changes or simply lower level details of an
approved requirement. How can the BA determine if it is a new requirement or an existing one
and what technique can they use?
a.Maintain Requirements using Business Cases
b.Trace Requirements using Scope Modeling
c.Assess Requirements Changes using the Solution Scope
d.Prioritize Requirements using Backlog Management
c.Business Analysis Tools and Technology Your organization has purchased a new
requirements management tool. Some of the BAs and other team members find it difficult to
learn. You have used a different tool in a previous organization, but you find that you can easily
track changes to the requirements with this tool as well and share your expertise with everyone.
You are demonstrating which underlying competency?
a.Problem-solving
b.Industry knowledge
c.Business Analysis Tools and Technology
d.Organization and Time Management
b.A glossary Rob and Jackie are BAs representing two separate business units who will be
collaborating on a cross-functional project in the near term. To facilitate communication between
the two teams, they have taken the initiative to negotiate and document common definitions for
terms that will be used during the course of the project. What have Rob and Jackie taken the
initiative to create?
a.Concept model
b.A glossary
c.Communication model
d.A data dictionary
c.Proxies. A mobile telephone company wants to measure the level of client satisfaction. For
reasons beyond their control, they are not able to carry out a survey of client satisfaction.
Therefore, they decide to use the proportion of all contracts renewed as an indicator. What has
the company decided to use?
a.Tentative measures.
b.Target metrics.
c.Proxies.
d.Reports.
c.Identifying domain and business subject matter experts(SMEs) Leah is using document
analysis technique for her elicitation process. Which of the following is NOT a consideration
when performing document review and analysis?
a.Conducting a detailed review of each document's content and recording relevant notes
associated with each topic.
b.Identifying if any notes conflict or are duplicates.
c.Identifying domain and business subject matter experts(SMEs).
d.Noting any gaps in knowledge in which the findings about certain topics are limited.
b.Brainstorming works by focusing on several topics or problems and then coming up with one
possible solution. The following statements are accurate about the brainstorming technique.
Which one is NOT?
a.In the absence of a group, one could brainstorm on one's own to spark new ideas.
b.Brainstorming works by focusing on several topics or problems and then coming up with one
possible solution.
c.Success is dependent on participants' imaginations and originality.
d.Group participants must agree to avoid debating the ideas raised when actively brainstorming.
d.Conduct individual interviews with the stakeholders You are planning the business
analysis approach to use for the current initiative. However, engaging stakeholders to help with
the planning presents a significant challenge - especially when you invite them to the planning
meetings and many of them don't show up! What should you try next?
a.Escalate the issue to the resource managers
b.Complete the planning alone to avoid falling behind schedule
c.Add the issue to the lessons learned agenda
d.Conduct individual interviews with the stakeholders
a.To produce numerous new ideas from participants. For effective review, objectives are
clearly communicated to all participants prior to the review. Which of the following is NOT an
objective for reviews?
a.To produce numerous new ideas from participants.
b.To educate reviewers about the work product.
c.To answer a question, resolve an issue, or explore alternatives.
d.To measure work product quality.
c.Guideline. What is the name for a behavioral (business) rule for which there is no active
enforcement?
a.Optional.
b.Definitional rule.
c.Guideline.
d.Organizational guidance.
b.Predictive Marc is completing a neural network. What data mining technique is Marc
utilizing?
a.Diagnostic
b.Predictive
c.Adaptive
d.Descriptive
d.User story Which technique is likely to have the LEAST amount of detail regarding
requirements?
a.Prototyping
b.Use cases
c.Scenarios
d.User story
a.Secondary actor Amber is modeling use cases and has identified an actor in a use case that
participates but has not initiated the use case. What is this actor known as?
a.Secondary actor
b.Participating actor
c.Tertiary actor
d.Primary actor
a.Document analysis, observation, scope modeling, interviews. Robin is a BA working to
identify interfaces. Which of the following techniques could she use to assist with this task?
a.Document analysis, observation, scope modeling, interviews.
b.Document analysis, observation, functional decomposition.
c.Document analysis, observation, scope modeling, organizational modeling.
d.Document analysis, observation, scope modeling, workshops.
a.If an actual solution exists, Solution Evaluation is probably more pertinent.

Correct BABOK 8.0 Carl is a new BA who is anxious to align his activities to best practices
and is trying to decide if the tasks in Strategy Analysis or Solution Evaluation knowledge area
should be used for his current assignment. They appear to be so similar. He asks his BA coach
how to discern which to use. Which of the following pieces of guidance is the most
straightforward?
a.If an actual solution exists, Solution Evaluation is probably more pertinent.
b.Take a look at the tasks, and then score your current assignment against those tasks. Use
decision analysis.
c.Use whatever you believe will provide the most value to your current assignment.
d.Well, that depends. Is your focus on a business problem or opportunity or on a solution that is
either deployed, about to be deployed, or deployed as a pilot?
c.Observation Richard is struggling with getting the right level of requirements from his
stakeholders regarding a manufacturing process due to the availability of knowledgeable
stakeholders. What technique should Richard possibly try?
a.Process modeling
b.Brainstorming
c.Observation
d.Interviewing
b.Data mining in an unsupervised investigation Christopher is analyzing large amounts of
data representing varying perspectives in order to identify underlying patterns and relationships
that emerge. What technique is Christopher using?
a.Data mining in a supervised investigation
b.Data mining in an unsupervised investigation
c.Data canvassing in a supervised investigation
d.Data canvassing in an unsupervised investigation
c.Begin by providing the purpose and desired outcomes. Rose is facilitating a workshop to
elicit requirements for a process improvement project. She wants to ensure that all participants
have a common understanding. How should Rose proceed?
a.Begin with an ice breaker.
b.Begin by agreeing how decisions will be made.
c.Begin by providing the purpose and desired outcomes.
d.Begin by establishing agreed-upon ground rules.
c.Brainstorming As a business analyst you are planning the business analysis approach to
use in the current initiative you are working on. To ensure that all business analysis activities
have been identified, which technique could you employ?
a.Item tracking
b.Functional decomposition
c.Brainstorming
d.Work breakdown structure (WBS)
a.Identify personnel who will participate in its creation Business capability analysis provides
a framework for scoping and planning by generating a shared understanding of outcomes,
identifying alignment with strategy, and providing a scope and prioritization filter. If a new
business analyst wanted to use this technique, how would they start?
a.Identify personnel who will participate in its creation
b.Get organized by using a RACI matrix
c.Identify the deliverables and brainstorm the activities required to produce the deliverables
d.Identify the organization's capabilities so they can be organized and documented
b.COTS solution Which solution has the lowest total cost of ownership (TCO) over five
years?
a.Not enough information to determine
b.COTS solution
c.Custom solution
d.They are equal
d.Custom solution. Given how close the two solutions' TCO is, the customized solution offers
the greater possibility of fewer adjustments to current processes. Given your calculation of
Total Cost of Ownership, and assuming equal benefits to the two solutions, which one would you
recommend?
a.COTS solution. Given the TCO is equal for both options, the organization is likely to receive
benefits quicker with a COTS solution.
b.Either option. Given the TCO is equal for both options, you should find other criteria on which
to base your recommended solution.
c.COTS solution. Even though it has a higher TCO, it will be quicker to implement and benefits
will accrue faster.
d.Custom solution. Given how close the two solutions' TCO is, the customized solution offers
the greater possibility of fewer adjustments to current processes.
d.Localization, certification, availability Which of the following categories of non-functional
requirements are a valid selection?
a.Extensibility, usability, performance reliability
b.Compliance, security, accuracy
c.Expendability, security, compliance
d.Localization, certification, availability
d.Rating and appraising the observed. Observation is used by business analysts to elicit
information by viewing and understanding activities and their context. A clear and specific
objective establishes a defined purpose of the observation session. The following are possible
objectives for observing an activity. Which one is LEAST likely?
a.Establishing performance metrics.
b.Identifying opportunities for improvement.
c.Assessing solutions and validating assumptions.
d.Rating and appraising the observed.
b.Requirements workshop
Cannot use Survey or Questionaire because need detailed requirements, not quantitiative data
Giewel is the business analyst on a compliance project and in a relatively short period she
needs to elicit detailed requirements from multiple stakeholders. Cost is one of the aspects she
has to consider while deciding upon the technique. What would be the best technique in this
situation?
a.Interviews
b.Requirements workshop
c.Brainstorming
d.Survey or questionnaire
c.Decision requirements diagrams Which decision model is used for more complex decisions?
a.Decision trees
b.Decision analysis
c.Decision requirements diagrams
d.Decision tables
b.Business need. The BA assigned to this effort wants to understand why the company
needs to change before doing anything further. What does the BA need to do or obtain first?
a.Elicitation Activity Plan.
b.Business need.
c.Business requirements.
d.Business objectives.
d.Perform problem analysis To help understand each stakeholder's perspective better, which
technique or activity would be the most helpful to use?
a.Do cause and action identification
b.Create a Stakeholder Register
c.Conduct data collection
d.Perform problem analysis
c.Business requirements The CIO lists the various features and benefits of the software
package he recommends. What is the next thing the BA should determine in response to the
CIO?
a.Potential value
b.Organizational Strategy
c.Business requirements
d.Metrics and Key Performance Indicators
d.Root cause analysis. Given the various stakeholder points of view, what activity or outcome
would you use to help assess alternative potential approaches to the changes needed for the
company?
a.Business analysis approach.
b.Current state analysis.
c.Problem solving.
d.Root cause analysis.
b.Leadership and influencing.To prevent jumping to a solution, which skills would be the best
one for the BA to use?
a.Problem Solving.
b.Leadership and influencing.
c.Creative thinking.
d.Industry knowledge.
a.Advise Jack to better prepare interviewees by sending them supporting material in advance of
the interview and educating them before the actual interview as to their role in the project.
Jack was conducting interviews with stakeholders to elicit requirements. The sessions
were not going well and he asked you for your help. Stakeholders are confused about why the
project is needed and what their role is in the project. Which of the following would you
recommend?
a.Advise Jack to better prepare interviewees by sending them supporting material in advance of
the interview and educating them before the actual interview as to their role in the project.
b.Advise Jack to better prepare interviewees by sending them supporting material in advance of
the interview.
c.Advise Jack to educate interviewees as to their role and the relevance of the information they
have to the success of the project before the interview to facilitate buy-in.
d.Advise Jack to work more closely with the project manager and project sponsor to get the
stakeholders on board with the project.
c.Performing functional decomposition may involve deep knowledge of the subject and
extensive collaboration with diverse stakeholders. Which of the following is a limitation of the
functional decomposition technique?
a.Makes multifaceted endeavors possible by breaking down complex problems into feasible
parts.
b.Simplifies measurement and estimation of the amount of work involved in pursuing a course of
action and defining scope of work, if the problem is not complex.
c.Performing functional decomposition may involve deep knowledge of the subject and
extensive collaboration with diverse stakeholders.
d.Provides a structured approach to building a shared understanding of complex matters among a
diverse group of stakeholders.
c.It's acceptable to assign an item to a team or group. Which of the following is NOT
accurate about item tracking technique?
a.It may use time that could be better spent on other efforts and stakeholders could become mired
in details and statistics.
b.Allows stakeholders to rank the importance of outstanding items.
c.It's acceptable to assign an item to a team or group.
d.It ensures concerns around stakeholder requirements are captured, tracked, and resolved to the
stakeholder's satisfaction.
b.Organization chart. The lead business analyst has assigned you to create a requirements model
that would help the project team understand roles, responsibilities, and their relationship not only
within an organization, but to a solution. Which of the following is NOT a technique the BA
could utilize to accomplish this task?
a.Roles and permissions matrix.
b.Organization chart.
c.Stakeholder list, map, or personas.
d.Organization modeling.
c.State table A senior business analyst has created an artifact that is considered an alternative, a
precursor, or a complement to a state diagram. What artifact is the analyst developing for the
project?
a.State dictionary
b.State model
c.State table
d.State matrix
c.Diamonds with multiple exit decision points. Which of the following describes a
component of a UML standard activity diagrams?
a.Decision branches represented by a horizontal bar with multiple paths continuing forward.
b.Joins represented by a diamond bringing a number of parallel flows into a single flow.
c.Diamonds with multiple exit decision points.
d.Rounded rectangles converging independent flows into a single flow.
a.The business analyst works to produce documentation with sufficient and appropriate details
for the business to define an appropriate method to conduct business analysis activities. Marie
is using different documentation formats to transform elicitation results into requirements and
designs in order to define the required change. Which of the following is NOT a true statement
about activities she is engaged in?
a.The business analyst works to produce documentation with sufficient and appropriate details
for the business to define an appropriate method to conduct business analysis activities.
b.The business analyst works to produce documentation with sufficient and appropriate details
for the developers to design from.
c.The business analyst works to produce documentation with sufficient and appropriate details
for the business to verify and validate the requirements.
d.The business analyst works to produce documentation with sufficient and appropriate details
for the testers to measure the solution against before it is implemented into a production
environment.
d.Determining appropriate requirements analysis and documentation activities In a short, 3-
month project to implement a COTS system, the BA determined that a requirements
specification document was not necessary and planned instead to develop use cases to document
functional requirements. What is this an example of?
a.Cutting the wrong corners. Use cases may be used to supplement a more formal specification
document
b.Making assumptions that may prove risky and cause issues in the project at a later time
c.Incorrectly utilizing use cases
d.Determining appropriate requirements analysis and documentation activities
c.The technique works optimally with complex and difficult problems. Which of the
following statements is NOT true about root cause analysis technique?
a.The business analyst may require formal training to ensure the root causes, not just symptoms
of the problem, are identified.
b.Helps to maintain an objective perspective when performing cause-and-effect analysis.
c.The technique works optimally with complex and difficult problems.
d.Enables stakeholders to specify an effective solution at the appropriate points for corrective
action.
d.Process Analysis because it would help uncover the gaps between the subsidiary company and
ABC Transportation.
Uncovering gaps between current and future states of a process is listed as a benefit of Process
Analysis. Ultimately this would provide the most value since ABC needs to integrate its three
systems. BABOK 6.4.4.2, 10.34.2. ABC Transportation is a growing company specializing in
shipping and trucking of consumer and industrial goods. They have recently expanded and have
been experiencing issues with their rapid growth. The biggest problem for them has been their
inability to invoice customers quickly, which in turn slows their revenue and causes occasional
cash flow issues.The problem is compounded by issues related to the integration of two recently
acquired shipping companies into their main finance and accounting system. The separate
systems vary in complexity and sophistication. For example, their most recent and largest
acquisition, Overland Trucking, has antiquated systems and processes. It uses paper forms for:
recording drivers' hours, noting packing charges, and documenting insurance coverage. The
company would prefer the systems be integrated.Root cause analysis has revealed a reluctance
among drivers and customers to drop the paper forms, since drivers can easily see the items
loaded onto their trucks and customers can view and approve the shipments quickly. However,
the forms are occasionally lost, which can result in billing delays of one to two days. The
additional work to reconstruct missing forms occupies the bookkeeping staff, delaying both the
routing and exception shipments. ABC is routinely 2-3 weeks late with invoices as a result.Some
other related issues for the Overland systems include:1. Local Shipments: The paper forms are
brought back to the company offices the evening of the move.2. Non-local Shipments: The paper
forms are mailed back to the company offices the day after a move is completed. This process
can delay receipt of required info by up to a week. Overland tried faxing the forms into
Accounting for all non-local moves, but it was unreliable due to unavailability of fax machines in
motels where crews stayed.3. Overland waits until all expenses are received before they can
invoice.4. 3rd-party providers: if a third party is involved in packing or loading shipments,
Overland waits until the third party invoices them before they can invoice the customer. It is
more efficient to use this method, but it can add an additional 1-2 weeks to the time needed to
complete the invoicing, depending on how quickly the 3rd party submits their invoice.5.
Overland provides paper-only copies of bills and sends them in duplicate to customers. The
process requires a copy be returned to Accounting to match payments against the proper invoice
and account. Many customers prefer to pay invoices electronically, and are frustrated. Overland
also spends time matching payments when they come in without invoices to the applicable
invoice, further delaying the invoicing process.You have been assigned as a senior BA to help
ABC improve its processes. The sponsor of the initiative has appointed a member of ABC and
one from each of the new subsidiaries to assist you with your work. They are all interested in
improving the business, especially in integrating the three companies.
For the above Case Study, please answer question 1 of 4 below:
Which of the following techniques would lead to the greatest initial value for ABC
Transportation and why?
a.Process Modeling because it would point out the areas of inefficiencies and delays.
b.Business Rules Analysis because of the inflexible business rules of the subsidiary company.
c.Value Stream Mapping because of the many inefficiencies and delays with the billing process
for the subsidiary.
d.Process Analysis because it would help uncover the gaps between the subsidiary company and
ABC Transportation.
a.Swimlane Diagram
A more complex flowchart that incorporates multiple actors in a process. Given the interaction
described in the narrative, a swimlane would be best at finding bottlenecks, gaps, and
redundancies in the billing process. BABOK 10.35.3.1. The BA decides that a process model
would help to improve the business process (or solve the business problem). Which one in
particular would be the best to help improve the billing inefficiencies?
a.Swimlane Diagram
b.SIPOC
c.Activity Diagram
d.Data Flow Diagram
b.Glossary
A glossary would help to begin (and lead the way to) reconciling the commonalities and
differences between the three companies. It is the basis for developing a concept model, data
model, and data dictionary. BABOK 10.23.2ABC admittedly is having trouble integrating the
new acquisitions into the main company. Which type of deliverable would best help lead the way
towards integration?
a.Data model.
b.Glossary
c.Data dictionary.
d.Concept model.
b.Change.
There is a great deal of performance improvement needed in the narrative, which is central to the
definition of change. Articulating the improvements would be the next logical thing to pursue.
BABOK Table 2.1.1 Given the situation described in the narrative, which of the following
would the BA most likely be able to define next?
a.Value.
b.Change.
c.Need.
d.Solution.
d.Standard box.
there is no recognized standard. Which of the following is NOT one of the requirements of
organizational modeling?
a.Interfaces.
b.Roles.
c.Organizational charts.
d.Standard box.
c.Root cause analysis Which technique is used to determine the underlying cause of performance
variance?
a.Data mining
b.Decision architecture
c.Root cause analysis
d.Metrics and key performance indicators
c.Office productivity tools
Office productivity tools and technology can be used to document and track information and
artifacts. BABOK 9.6.1.
And easy to share with Stakeholder than Requirement Management Tools Which tools provide a
means of documenting business analysis information and are easy to share with stakeholders?
a.Configuration management tools
b.Requirements management tools
c.Office productivity tools
d.Business analysis tools
d.Validated and prioritized requirements, change strategy, requirements architecture Anna
has assembled a team to define design options. What inputs will they need to accomplish this
task?
a.Traced requirements, change strategy, enterprise architecture
b.Validated and prioritized requirements, change strategy, enterprise architecture
c.Traced requirements, change strategy, requirements architecture
d.Validated and prioritized requirements, change strategy, requirements architecture
d.Analogous situation. Claudette has been hired as the new lead business analyst in an
ongoing project. The outgoing lead has handed her a set of analyzed and modeled requirements,
but no initial plan was provided. Her project manager has requested that she quickly estimate the
remaining hours of business analysis activity for the current release of the product being built.
Because she has worked on similar projects before, she adjusts her estimate of the business
analysis hours needed for the current project accordingly. How would you describe Claudette's
informational source for the estimate?
a.Organization history.
b.Rough order of magnitude (ROM).
c.Expert judgment.
d.Analogous situation.
c.State modeling During the requirements elicitation phase of a project, the BA is hearing
different requirements for various employee designations such as job candidates, new hires,
employee, and retirees. Which technique can the analyst utilize to provide clarity and
understanding?
a.User stories
b.Sequence diagram
c.State modeling
d.Data Modeling
a.Alternative, decision to be made, decision maker, decision criteria. Which of the
following set is inclusive of all the general components of decision analysis?
a.Alternative, decision to be made, decision maker, decision criteria.
b.Decision to be made, decision metric, decision maker, alternative, decision criteria.
c.Decision to be made, decision maker, alternative, trade-offs, decision criteria.
d.Decision to be made, decision maker, terminator, decision criteria.
c.Unnoticeable observation Shelby is video recording a production crew in order to understand
their process. What sort of elicitation technique is Shelby utilizing?
a.Active observation
b.Clandestine observation
c.Unnoticeable observation
d.Non-intrusive observation
d.Non Functional Kyle is a BA negotiating a service level agreement (SLA) with a customer
associated with a new product currently in development. What type of requirement is Kyle
negotiating?
a.Transition
b.Functional
c.Solution
d.Non Functional
a.A RACI matrix
A RACI matrix will also then assist in the identification of each stakeholder's role in the
elicitation process. BABOK 10.43.3.3 A senior business analyst was providing advice to a
new business analyst regarding the key benefits of being prepared to ensure requirements
elicitation sessions include the right people. Which of the following best reflects the advice the
senior business analyst provided regarding the best tool to use to identify the "right" participants?
a.A RACI matrix
b.A stakeholder matrix
c.An influence/impact matrix
d.Personas
a.Evaluation criteria assist in the delivery of expected return on investment (ROI) or otherwise
specified potential value. Defining measures of value attributes to be used for assessing and
comparing solutions and alternative designs, can be applied at all levels of a project, from high-
level to a more detailed level. Which of the following statements is accurate about this method?
a.Evaluation criteria assist in the delivery of expected return on investment (ROI) or otherwise
specified potential value.
b.Evaluation criteria describe the minimum set of requirements that must be met in order for a
particular solution to be worth implementing.
c.Acceptance criteria define a set of measurements which allow for ranking of solutions and
alternative designs according to their value for stakeholders.
d.All solution attributes can be directly measured.
b.Requirements validation. Susan thinks she is done with her requirements analysis on a
project. Her project manager sent her a terse email telling her she is not done yet. He also sent
her the business objectives and potential value for the project, and asked her to complete one
more important task to ensure the requirements support the business case. What activity does
Susan need to complete?
a.Identify any missing or incorrect requirements.
b.Requirements validation.
c.Obtain approval of the requirements.
d.Requirements verification.
b.Lifeline, activation box, message Which of the following identify the elements that comprise
a sequence diagram?
a.Lifeline, activation box, method
b.Lifeline, activation box, message
c.Process flow, activation box, method
d.Array, activation box, arrow
c.Context, audience, and purpose Carmen has been hired as the senior business analyst on an
ongoing effort. Initial elicitation activities have been done, and she is now determining the best
way to transform and represent the elicitation results into requirements in order to define the
change. What would Carmen consider when modeling the requirements?
a.Purpose, change, and context
b.Solution, audience, and value
c.Context, audience, and purpose
d.Change, need, and context
c.Word processing, spreadsheets, and presentation software. Which of the following are
examples of office productivity tools and technology?
a.Word processing, spreadsheets, modeling and diagraming tools.
b.Word processing, spreadsheets, and requirements management.
c.Word processing, spreadsheets, and presentation software.
d.Word processing, spreadsheets, and issue tracking tools.
b.Data Modeling and data analysis Which of the following is NOT a technique that is used to
measure solution performance?
a.Decision analysis and data mining
b.Data Modeling and data analysis
c.Prototyping and observation
d.Business cases and KPIs
d.It means to have clearly defined relationships from one requirement to other requirements and
other components, such that coverage and the effects of change are clearly identifiable. You
are asked to trace a particular requirement by a business stakeholder. What is the stakeholder
asking you to do?
a.It means to document and maintain the requirement in accordance with the methods identified
by the business analysis approach.
b.It means to retain requirement accuracy and consistency throughout and beyond the change
during the entire requirements life cycle, and to support reuse of requirements in other solutions.
c.It means to track a requirement from its identification all the way to its completion to see what
issues, risk, cost, quality and defects are related to that requirement.
d.It means to have clearly defined relationships from one requirement to other requirements and
other components, such that coverage and the effects of change are clearly identifiable.
a.Teamwork. Your mentor BA seems to resolve conflict effortlessly. He is demonstrating which
underlying competency?
a.Teamwork.
b.Trustworthiness.
c.Verbal Communication.
d.Leadership and Influencing.
a.Prepare a training session with exercises and materials.
Correct: A short training session could focus the teaching on what the stakeholders need to be
able to review use cases. BABOK 9.5.5

Prepare an overview of use cases and make a presentation to the large group.
Incorrect: While this may be one approach, it is not the best one. A presentation alone does not
give an opportunity to practice using and apply new skills (Use cases). Steven is preparing
for a requirements review of several use cases with a large group of stakeholders who are not
familiar with the technique. How should he best familiarize the stakeholders with use cases?
a.Prepare a training session with exercises and materials.
b.Prepare an overview of use cases and make a presentation to the large group.
c.Ask them to attend a training class on use cases.
d.Tell them to ask questions whenever they don't understand something.
b.Define Design Options. In what task are requirements allocated to a solution component or
a release?
a.Verify Requirements.
b.Define Design Options.
c.Specify and Model Requirements.
d.Analyze Potential Value and Recommend Solution.
c.Interface analysis A junior business analyst is modeling requirements in order to identify and
validate inputs and outputs of the solution she is modeling. She approaches James, the senior
business analyst, for advice. What modeling technique would James advise the junior business
analyst to use?
a.Prototyping
b.Process modeling
c.Interface analysis
d.Kano analysis
b.Identification. Percy is the lead business analyst working on a project to construct a
chemical plant. The project sponsor has asked him to present high-level risk register in the next
project update meeting so the team can begin analysis. Which of the following activities must be
started in order to have high level risk register?
a.Evaluation.
b.Identification.
c.Treatment.
d.Analysis.
b.Organizations often have a clearly defined boundary and operate on a continuous basis, as
opposed to an initiative or project team, which may be disbanded once its objectives are
achieved. Haruto, a renowned business analysis expert, was explaining the relationship
between organizations and initiatives as described in the BABOK. Which of the following is the
explanation Haruto offered?
a.Organizations don't have a clearly defined boundary which is very similar to an initiative or
project team, which may be disbanded once its objectives are achieved.
b.Organizations often have a clearly defined boundary and operate on a continuous basis, as
opposed to an initiative or project team, which may be disbanded once its objectives are
achieved.
c.A "project" is a type of "organization."
d.The terms "organization" and "enterprise" can be used interchangeably.
c.Domain Subject Matter Expert Neil is a business analyst for his organization and he is
working with his stakeholders to maintain the requirements for an initiative. Which stakeholder
will reference maintained requirements the most to ensure they are accurately reflecting stated
needs?
a.Implementation Subject Matter Expert
b.Tester
c.Domain Subject Matter Expert
d.Project Manager
c.Organization. Jen is trying to juggle several projects at once, each with tight deadlines. A
recent government law was passed that necessitated numerous changes at once. Her sponsors
have even told her not to spend too much time in requirements meetings because her projects
have unmovable deadlines, and the company would be in trouble if they missed any of the dates.
What competency must Jen use to ensure that her requirements deliverables will be ready on
time?
a.Business knowledge.
b.Ethics.
c.Organization.
d.Trustworthiness.
c.Schedule and budget allocations. The following are some of the factors a business analyst
would consider to establish the level of decomposition and the level of detail to be specified
while conducting information decomposition. Which is NOT?
a.Organizational standards.
b.Knowledge and understanding of the stakeholders.
c.Schedule and budget allocations.
d.Contractual or regulatory obligations.
d.Quality attributes, quality of service requirements Which of the following are synonyms for
non-functional requirements?
a.Acceptance criteria, quality of service requirement
b.Acceptance criteria, system attributes
c.Acceptance criteria, quality attributes
d.Quality attributes, quality of service requirements
a.Sunk cost What should NOT be considered when evaluating whether or not a solution
should be retired or replaced?
a.Sunk cost
b.Opportunity cost
c.Necessity
d.Future investment required
c.SIPOC. Quinn is analyzing the gaps between the current and desired future state. She also
wants to understand the suppliers, inputs, process, outputs and customers of the process she is
analyzing. What process analysis method would help her achieve her goal?
a.Six sigma.
b.Gap analysis.
c.SIPOC.
d.Value stream mapping (VSM).
d.Summation and Delphi Which of the following are NOT types of estimation?
a.Rolling wave and ROM
b.Top-down and Delphi
c.Top-down and parametric
d.Summation and Delphi
a.Facilitator. You are conducting a workshop. Which of the following facilitation roles is
responsible for ensuring the desired results are reached?
a.Facilitator.
b.Workshop owner.
c.Scribe.
d.Participants.
a.Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs) Which of the following techniques would be
best suited to identify how to evaluate the quality of the requirements?
a.Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs)
b.Verify requirements
c.Acceptance and evaluation criteria
d.Reviews
c.Problem statement What is the best description of Jason's summary in the case study?
a.Data collection
b.Cause identification
c.Problem statement
d.Solution performance measures
c.Ensure a business analysis governance process is created and communicated. Given the
differences between the two major stakeholders in the case study, Jason fears that decision-
making may be a challenge. What can he do to establish how decisions are made concerning
requirements approvals and priorities?
a.Work with the project manager to establish an escalation plan for resolving conflicts with
approving requirements and setting priorities.
b.Develop an approach for creating and maintaining smooth relationships with stakeholders.
c.Ensure a business analysis governance process is created and communicated.
d.Define an appropriate way to conduct business analysis activities and communicate it.
a.Why do we need serial verification processes? The fishbone diagram in the case study
reveals a number of potential root causes. Which of the following questions might be most
relevant to help the team get closer to the root cause?
a.Why do we need serial verification processes?
b.Why do we have limited budget?
c.Why do we only measure complete cycle time?
d.Why are the functions siloed?
b.Derive
The functional requirement derives its value based on linking back to the business requirement of
reduced processing time. BABOK 5.1.4.2 As the project progresses, Jason is diligent about
recording requirements relationships. As he is adding some functional requirements to his
repository, he wants to note their relationship to the business objective of reducing processing
time to 30 days. What type of relationship would Jason need to record?
a.Satisfy
b.Derive
c.Depends
d.Validate
c.Benchmarking and market analysis The 5 Forces Analysis, PEST, STEEP, and CATWOE
frameworks may be useful when utilizing which of the following techniques?
a.Concept modeling
b.Vendor assessment
c.Benchmarking and market analysis
d.Business capability analysis
d.A synchronous call transfers control to the receiving object; the sender cannot act until a return
message is received. An asynchronous call allows the sending object to continue with its own
processing while waiting for an answer. Which of the following best describes the difference
between synchronous and asynchronous call message types in a sequence diagram?
a.An asynchronous call transfers control to the receiving object; the sender cannot act until a
return message is received. A synchronous call allows the sending object to continue with its
own processing while waiting for an answer.
b.These terms refer to "signals" rather than message types. However, the signals in a
synchronous call allows an object to receive messages in order from the sender.
c.A synchronous call can "synch" to many objects at a time allowing for multiple conversations;
an asynchronous call is unable to "synch" meaning it is temporarily offline.
d.A synchronous call transfers control to the receiving object; the sender cannot act until a return
message is received. An asynchronous call allows the sending object to continue with its own
processing while waiting for an answer.
d.Business analysis is performed through many varying perspectives, one of which is agile. All
of the tasks described in the BABOK are relevant within the context of agile, but they may be
performed somewhat differently. You are a business analyst assigned to your first agile
project. To better prepare, you are researching the role of the business analyst in the world of
agile. You come across a blog authored by a self-proclaimed expert in the field of agile who
states the role of the business analyst is limited and will soon be eliminated in agile projects.
Which of the following best refutes that statement?
a.The business analyst role will continue to be performed within agile projects, though the scope
of the work and tasks within the current framework will likely change.
b.The blogger is correct that the role of the business analyst is not prescribed and eventually will
not be needed on agile projects.
c.Business analysis is a stated role; anyone who performs business analysis tasks can be
considered a business analyst.
d.Business analysis is performed through many varying perspectives, one of which is agile. All
of the tasks described in the BABOK are relevant within the context of agile, but they may be
performed somewhat differently.
c.An activity diagram utilizes business process model and notation (BPMN) so it can distinguish
the activities of different participants in a process with either pools or swim lanes. Which of the
following LEAST describes why an activity diagram may be utilized?
a.An activity diagram facilitates the identification of potential improvements by highlighting
"pain points" in the process structure.
b.An activity diagram can elaborate on a single use case.
c.An activity diagram utilizes business process model and notation (BPMN) so it can distinguish
the activities of different participants in a process with either pools or swim lanes.
d.An activity diagram is effective at showing how to handle a large number of scenarios and
parallel branches.
b.Surveys.
Correct: Surveys can elicit information from large groups of people in a relatively short period of
time. BABOK 10.45.1

Delphi Technique: Incorrect. Delphi is a mentioned technique in the BABOK regarding

estimation. In addition, it wouldn't be appropriate to defining the future state vision. Which
of the following techniques would assist in the rapid development of a shared future state vision?
a.Workshops.
b.Surveys.
c.Delphi Technique.
d.Interviews.
d.Utilizing language that is unambiguous for all audiences to ensure shared understanding.
What unique challenge is associated with the preferred technique chosen for the scenario?
a.Determining the correct type of question given the objective.
.b.Scheduling the elicitation activity.
c.Confirming elicitation results.
d.Utilizing language that is unambiguous for all audiences to ensure shared understanding.
d.They are the deeply rooted beliefs, values, and norms shared by members of an enterprise.
Katelyn is a BA who has recommended that she perform an enterprise cultural
assessment to understand why stakeholders aren't using a new solution to the extent forecasted.
Which of the following is the best way to define enterprise culture?
a.They are the deeply rooted beliefs, values, actions, and norms shared by members of an
enterprise.
b.They are the deeply rooted beliefs, values, thoughts, and norms shared by members of an
enterprise.
c.They are the deeply rooted beliefs, values, actions, thoughts, and norms shared by members of
an enterprise.
d.They are the deeply rooted beliefs, values, and norms shared by members of an enterprise.
d.Acceptance criteria support the development of user stories to help determine what the solution
needs in order to provide value. Which of the following best describes the role of
acceptance criteria related to a user story?
a.Acceptance criteria relate directly to the entire body of functional requirements vs. just a user
story. They are written primarily to speed up the process of writing test scenarios.
b.Acceptance criteria are exactly the same as non-functional requirements and are documented at
the same time that user stories are refined and approved.
c.Acceptance criteria are not elicited for user stories but are documented as a way to determine
values to be included in test scenarios.
d.Acceptance criteria support the development of user stories to help determine what the solution
needs in order to provide value.
c.A data store for Product and any related information about products or inventory is missing.
A BA newly assigned to a project to develop a new Order Entry system has found the
following partial Data Flow Diagram. It was developed by the previous Business Analyst on the
project. The new BA noted something missing from the diagram. What is most likely missing
from the DFD?
a.A Bill of Lading for shipping an order is missing.
b.An invoice data flow from Accounting is missing.
c.A data store for Product and any related information about products or inventory is missing.
d.The data flow from Receive Order to the Warehouse for a catalog request only has an output
and not an input flow.
c.How value realization can be impacted by an organization's structure. An IT organization
recently introduced significant process changes for two teams in the areas of Change
Management and Release and Deployment Management. It is critical that these two teams work
closely together in the future state but they currently report to different directors who don't see
eye-to-eye. This is causing process breakdowns between the teams. This is an example of which
of the following?
a.How value realization can be impacted by interpersonal conflict.
b.How value realization can be impacted by informal alliances.
c.How value realization can be impacted by an organization's structure.
d.How value realization can be impacted by power struggles.
c.Creating process models. You are a business analyst in Dubai working on a project install
enterprise software to a global organization. Your business SMEs work in Asia, Europe, and the
Middle East. Your developers are in India. You want to document requirements so that everyone
has the same understanding. Which of the following will provide the best clarity?
a.Ensuring that all requirements are documented in a formal requirements specification.
b.Creating use case descriptions.
c.Creating process models.
d.Using formal textual descriptions.
c.Trace requirements, approve requirements, prioritize requirements, assess requirement
changes, and maintain requirements Which of the following tasks are included in the
requirements life cycle management knowledge area?
a.Stakeholder requirements reviews, requirements design, requirements traceability,
requirements prioritization, and requirements design walk-throughs
b.Trace requirements, analyze requirements, assess requirement changes, and approve
requirement changes
c.Trace requirements, approve requirements, prioritize requirements, assess requirement
changes, and maintain requirements
d.Review project scope, determine stakeholder requirements, and approve requirements
d.Business domain SMEs, such as marketing, accounting, and operations. Who would be the
most likely audience for a survey?
a.Customer, end users, implementation subject matter experts.
b.Customer, end users, sponsor.
c.Business domain SMEs, such as marketing, accounting, and operations, implementation
subject matter experts.
d.Business domain SMEs, such as marketing, accounting, and operations.
d.Decision analysis

Correct: Decision analysis examines the possible consequences of alternative outcomes and so is
a valuable tool for resolving issues and gaining agreement. BABOK 5.5.6 and 10.16 A
conflict may arise among stakeholders as a result of different interpretations of requirements or
designs and conflicting values placed on them. Which technique would you use to resolve issues
and gain agreement?
a.Acceptance and evaluation criteria
b.Item tracking
c.Workshops
d.Decision analysis
c.Specify and Model Requirements. Tamara, however, thought that user stories would be
helpful with which of the following tasks?
a.Analyze Performance Measures
b.Perform Gap Analysis.
c.Specify and Model Requirements.
d.Analyze Current State.
c.Acceptance Criteria.
User stories serve to identify specific acceptance criteria to help the team to understand what the
solution needs to provide in order to deliver value for the stakeholders. BABOK 10.38.3.4
Specifically, what would user stories help the team thoroughly define and understand?
a.Prioritized functional requirements.
b.Risk assessment.
c.Acceptance Criteria
d.Non-functional requirements.
c.An external person, organization, or automated system receiving the data.
"Sink" represents an external destination of the data. BABOK 10.13.3.1 Which of the
following is the best definition of a "sink" in a data flow diagram?
a.An external automated system or any device capable of producing or receiving data.
b.An external person, organization or automated system capable of producing data.
c.An external person, organization or automated system receiving the data.
d.Any entity that stores data.
a.Interviewees may be reluctant to express their opinion. Which of the following statements is
NOT true about interviews as a technique?
a.Interviewees may be reluctant to express their opinion.
b.There is a risk of unintentionally leading the interviewee.
c.Enables observations of non-verbal behavior.
d.Encourages participation and establishes rapport with stakeholders.
b.Noun concepts are the most basic concepts in the model and verb concepts make connections
between them. Sooni and Arafrin are new to business analysis. They are trying to understand the
elements in a concept model. Arafrin thinks that a noun concept is the same thing as a role and a
verb concept is the same as a partitive connection. Sooni disagrees and explains the real
difference. How does Sooni explain the difference between noun and verb concepts in a concept
model?
a.Sooni is incorrect. There are no noun and verb concepts in a concept model.
b.Noun concepts are the most basic concepts in the model and verb concepts make connections
between them.
c.Noun concepts are tangible while verb concepts describe the actions performed by
nouns.IncorrectVerb concepts provide the connections between the noun concepts.
d.Both noun and verb concepts must be present in a concept model.
c.Data Model Given the needs expressed in the case study, which of the following techniques
would be the best way to discover or model the requirements for the desired features?
a.State Model
b.Data Flow Diagram
c.Data Model
d.User Story
a.Concept Model Given the information provided about Customers, Accounts, Locations,
and Statements in the case study, which deliverable would be the best way to specify it?
a.Concept Model
b.Glossary
c.Document Analysis
d.Data Dictionary
a.Decision Table Given the fee structure desired for statements, what would be the preferred
way to model or specify them?
a.Decision Table
b.CRUD Matrix
c.Data Dictionary
d.Decision Tree
d.Focus Groups with representative customers What is the most likely way the bank
discovered the need for multiple flexible statement options?
a.Interviews with key stakeholders
b.Benchmarking by studying competitors' offerings
c.Document Analysis by analyzing complaint logs
d.Focus Groups with representative customers
c.Brainstorming, interviews, process modeling, workshops Techniques provide a means to
perform business analysis tasks. In order to plan and monitor business analysis work, business
analysts use which of the following techniques in all stated tasks?
a.Interviews, document analysis, lessons learned, process modeling
b.Item tracking, lessons learned, process modeling, reviews
c.Brainstorming, interviews, process modeling, workshops
d.Lessons learned, process modeling, workshops, document analysis
d.Backlog management Mary Jo is a BA who was assigned to a large project that included
several work streams. Before long, requests and requirements were pouring in from all
directions. Mary Jo requested that a BA be assigned to each work stream. The sponsor replied to
"address the high priority items and get to the rest when you can." What technique could Mary Jo
leverage to execute the sponsor's guidance?
a.Creative thinking
b.Prioritization
c.Facilitation
d.Backlog management
c.Workshops, SWOT analysis, interviews, financial analysis, business cases, backlog
management. Which set of techniques did your team most likely use to help assess the value?
a.Document analysis, SWOT analysis, interviews, financial analysis, business cases, estimation.
b.Workshops, SWOT analysis, interviews, vendor assessment, business cases, focus groups.
c.Workshops, SWOT analysis, interviews, financial analysis, business cases, backlog
management.
d.Workshops, SWOT analysis, interviews, financial analysis, business cases, benchmarking and
market analysis.
b.$105,000
The value for a PERT-type estimate is (Optimistic + Pessimistic + (4 times Most Likely))/6.
$105,000 = (150000 +80000 + (4*100000)) / 6. See the Estimation technique. BABOK 10.19.3.1
You are a senior BA and your team of 3 BAs has been asked to plan and facilitate an
event to finalize an estimate of the potential value for each potential design option for a solution.
Your goal is to establish which option is most appropriate to meet the enterprise's requirements.
You see the value of the preferred option is $100,000, one of the BAs on your team thinks the
value is $150,000, and a third one projects the value to be $80,000.
Given what you know, what should the team set as the value for their preferred option?
a.$125,000
b.$105,000
c.$100,000
d.$110,000
c.Determined the set of necessary conditions to meet the business need.
This describes Define Future State, which produces an output of Potential Value. That output is a
direct input to the Analyze Potential Value and Recommend Solution task, which assesses value.
BABOK 6.2.1, 6.2.8, 7.6.3 In order to have assessed the value of the options, what should you
have already done?
a.Evaluated the effectiveness of a solution in relation to the value it brings.
b.Gained insights into the performance of a solution in relation to the value it brings.
c.Determined the set of necessary conditions to meet the business need.
d.Ensured that all requirements and designs align to the business requirements and support the
delivery of needed value.
c.KPIs, metrics, and their reporting facilitate organizational alignment and allow stakeholders to
understand the extent to which a solution meets an objective. Which of the following
statements is accurate regarding metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs) technique?
a.Monitoring is the systematic and objective assessment of a solution both to determine its status
and effectiveness in meeting objectives over time and to identify ways to improve the solution to
better meet objectives.
b.Evaluation is a continuous process of data collection used to determine how well a solution has
been implemented as compared to the expected results.
c.KPIs, metrics, and their reporting facilitate organizational alignment and allow stakeholders to
understand the extent to which a solution meets an objective.
d.Usually, the reporting of metrics or KPIs does not really provide helpful information to the
stakeholders.
b.Use case. Documenting a requirement that describes a customer's interaction with a
proposed system to accomplish a goal is best associated with which of the following techniques?
a.Data flow diagram.
b.Use case.
c.Activity diagram.
d.User story.
c.Mind mapping Which technique would help Greg understand the relationships between
stakeholders in order to categorize them?
a.Roles and permissions matrix
b.Survey and questionnaire
c.Mind mapping
d.Interviews
a.All stakeholders. Which of the following stakeholders are included in the task Verify
Requirements?
a.All stakeholders.
b.Business analyst; domain subject matter experts; developers; architects.
c.Business analyst; domain subject matter experts; architects; testers.
d.Business analyst; domain subject matter experts; developers; testers.
d.The cost to acquire a solution, the cost of using the solution, and the cost of supporting the
solution. What is Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)?
a.The planned value over a specific time period.
b.A prediction of the expected total benefits minus the expected total costs.
c.The expected cost of building or acquiring the solution components and the expected costs of
transitioning the enterprise from the current state to the future state.
d.The cost to acquire a solution, the cost of using the solution, and the cost of supporting the
solution.
d.Sathi must find a way to resolve this conflict either by facilitating a formal meeting between
Rajan and his manager, or through self-research or by applying other methods of collaboration to
finalize requirements. Sathi is a business analyst working for a large Telecommunication
company in India. She has engaged in a new business process transformation project. She has
captured the requirements for a new system to be implemented. Her key stakeholder is Rajan.
When she reviewed the requirements with him, she sensed that Raj was not satisfied with the
current list of requirements. Rajan has mentioned that some of the requirements listed will not
meet the needs of his department. Those requirements came from Rajan's manager. What should
Sathi do in this situation?
a.Sathi should ask Steve to talk to his boss, resolve the conflict and finalize what the
requirements should be.
b.Sathi's hands are tied, and she has not much to say here. After all, Rajan will understand that
his boss's requirements will always get more weight age.
c.Sathi must escalate this conflict with requirements to the Project manager.
d.Sathi must find a way to resolve this conflict either by facilitating a formal meeting between
Rajan and his manager, or through self-research or by applying other methods of collaboration to
finalize requirements.
d.(Optimistic + pessimistic + (4 times most likely)) / 6. You have decided to use the PERT
estimating method for your BA activities because the sponsor is requiring a 95% confidence
level. What is the formula for PERT?
a.(Optimistic + pessimistic + most likely) / 3.
b.(Optimistic * pessimistic) / 6.
c.(Optimistic + pessimistic + (3 times most likely)) / 6.
d.(Optimistic + pessimistic + (4 times most likely)) / 6.
d.A wide variety of diagramming techniques can be used to represent functional decomposition,
including tree diagrams, nested diagrams, and use case diagrams among others. Which of the
following statements is accurate about the functional decomposition technique?
a.Representations of functional decomposition results allow business analysts to define design
options and use the results to solve other tasks.
b.Functional decomposition assumes that sub-components do not completely describe their
parent components.
c.Not suitable for complex endeavors especially when the business analyst has limited
experience.
d.A wide variety of diagramming techniques can be used to represent functional decomposition,
including tree diagrams, nested diagrams, and use case diagrams among others.
a.Negotiation by establishing consensus During a conversation with business stakeholders,
the business analyst had reached an impasse on the prioritization of the requirements. Which
element of prioritization would be best utilized in order to resolve the impasse?
a.Negotiation by establishing consensus
b.Ranking using weighted options
c.Budgeting by establishing time boxes
d.Grouping using MoSCoW
d.Business plan. Which of the following is NOT an element of business cases?
a.Desired outcomes.
b.Assess alternatives.
c.Need assessment.
d.Business plan.
a.Business analysis approach and stakeholder engagement approach What are the input(s)
to the plan business analysis governance task?
a.Business analysis approach and stakeholder engagement approach
b.Needs
c.Needs and business analysis approach
d.Business analysis approach and performance objectives (external)
c.Leadership and Influencing.If you are able to reduce stakeholder resistance to needed changes
and are able to articulate a clear and motivating vision of a necessary future state, you are
exhibiting which competency?
a.Teamwork.
b.Motivation and Inspiration.
c.Leadership and Influencing.
d.Facilitation and Negotiation.
d.Ask the team member to interpret it for you and to teach you to read it. What is your best
response?
a.Ask the team member to keep maintaining the diagram since he is familiar with the modeling
type.
b.Re-write the diagram using an Entity Relationship Diagram, since it is the standard you are
familiar with.
c.Ask the scrum master to let you work on another part of the project.
d.Ask the team member to interpret it for you and to teach you to read it.
a.Yes, because the 0..* into Statement means an account may be reported on zero or many
statements. The business expert assigned to the project tells you that an account may be
reported on more than one statement. Does the model correctly depict that and why?
a.Yes, because the 0..* into Statement means an account may be reported on zero or many
statements.
b.Yes, because the 0..* into Statement means an account may not be reported.
c.Yes, because the 1..* coming out of Account means an account may be reported on one or
more statements.
d.No, because the 1..* coming out of Account means an account may be reported on one
statement.
c.Five whys. Maggie is interviewing a group of personnel from the call center help desk. She
wants to know why the service level agreement (SLA) is not being met. Since the problem
includes a great amount of human interaction, which facilitation tool would be most suitable?
a.Observation.
b.Fault tree analysis.
c.Five whys.
d.Mind maps.
a.Lessons learned An agile team had estimated to complete 15 story points in a previous
iteration, but the team only manages to complete 10 story points in that iteration. They estimate
the next iteration by adjusting to 10 story points worth of work. What technique has the team
employed to estimate the next iteration?
a.Lessons learned
b.Inspect and adapt
c.User stories
d.Agile methodology
a.A balanced scorecard focuses on the executive performance of the organization. Which of the
following is NOT true about the value of a balanced scorecard?
a.A balanced scorecard focuses on the executive performance of the organization.
b.A balanced scorecard can be used at any level within an organization.
c.A balanced scorecard contains four dimensions: learning & growth, business process,
customer, and financial.
d.The balanced scorecard underpins the strategic plan.
d.Determine desired business objectives that affect production and shipping. New Mills
Foods - Overview
Given the findings of the team, what would be a reasonable next step?
a.Determine the potential value of the current production and shipping systems.
b.Measure how the current solution is performing relative to the value it provides.
c.Determine if the current production and shipping systems are delivering the most potential
value.
d.Determine desired business objectives that affect production and shipping.
a.Benchmarking and Market Analysis New Mills Foods - Overview
Which of the following techniques would be the most helpful to understand the limitations with
the current production and shipping processes?
a.Benchmarking and Market Analysis
b.Business Capability Analysis
c.Metrics and Key Performance Indicators
d.Focus Groups
c.Domain Subject Matter Expert New Mills Foods - Overview
Which of the following stakeholders will help to understand value assessments for the process
improvements and identify ways to improve solution performance and increase value
realization?
a.Project Manager
b.Tester
c.Domain Subject Matter Expert
d.Implementation Subject Matter Expert
c.Problem Solving New Mills Foods - Overview
One of the factors driving the need to reduce costs is that customers are switching to other
breakfast products. The effort to reduce costs will help with short-term profits. Besides
influencing skills, which of the following competencies will assist you in ensuring that the long-
term need for new product lines is addressed?
a.Negotiation and Conflict Resolution
b.Benchmarking and Market Analysis
c.Problem Solving
d.Creative Thinking
a.Benchmarking produces innovative solutions that produce sustainable competitive advantage.
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the benchmarking and market
analysis technique?
a.Benchmarking produces innovative solutions that produce sustainable competitive advantage.
b.Market analysis can be time-consuming and expensive, and the results may not be immediately
available.
c.Market analysis can help determine if partnering, merging, or divesting are viable alternatives
for an enterprise.
d.Benchmarking identifies why similar companies are successful and what processes they used
to become successful.
a.To define requirements architecturePadma and her team are ensuring all requirements work in
harmony as a single whole that supports overall business objectives and produces meaningful
outcome for the stakeholders. What is the purpose of this exercise?
a.To define requirements architecture
b.To harmonize requirements
c.To define design options
d.To manage requirements relationships
c.Automate steps in the process wherever possible. You have been hired on as the business
analyst on a process improvement project. The project objective is to reduce the time it takes to
complete the process. You have constructed process models of the current state, and are now
assessing the process for its efficiency and effectiveness, as well as identifying opportunities for
change. Which of the following would NOT be a consideration?
a.Identify gaps and areas to improve.
b.Generate and evaluate options.
c.Automate steps in the process wherever possible.
d.Identify root cause.
b.Benchmarking and market analysis. A growing financial institution is seeking
innovative and state-of-the-art solutions that will produce sustainable competitive advantage over
its competitors and provide customers with a legendary experience. Which technique is the
institution LEAST likely to use in understanding the product that would serve this purpose?
a.Document analysis.
b.Benchmarking and market analysis.
c.Lessons learned.
d.Brainstorming.
b.The transition requirement around training was missed or poorly executed.
Since the users didn't even know about it, this is most likely the case! BABOK 2.3A
relationship-oriented organization with several physical sites installed a system which includes a
feature allowing users to share their screens and call each other through their computers. While
assessing the solution, you notice users are still traveling to have face-to-face meetings with each
other instead of utilizing the feature. You find they didn't even know about it!

What most likely happened?

a.The users didn't attend the training.
b.The transition requirement around training was missed or poorly executed.
c.The users prefer face-to-face meetings.
d.It was a feature they never asked for so are resisting utilizing it.
d.Immediately ask permission to show the users how to use the feature knowing they'll spread
the word! Add training to your official recommendation. What's the BA's next logical step?
a.Submit a recommendation to conduct on-site training sessions with follow-up coaching and
mentoring.
b.Submit a recommendation to conduct virtual training sessions demonstrating the feature.
c.Submit a recommendation to print instructions and distribute to users as quickly as possible.
d.Immediately ask permission to show the users how to use the feature knowing they'll spread
the word! Add training to your official recommendation.
b.Grouping; ranking; negotiation; time boxing/budgeting Which of the following are stated
approaches to prioritization in the BABOK?
a.Classification; ranking; negotiation; MoSCoW
b.Grouping; ranking; negotiation; time boxing/budgeting
c.MoSCoW; ranking; negotiation, grouping
d.Classification; ranking; time boxing/budgeting; weighted ranking
d.Functional decomposition
Correct: This tool will help Raja break down his BA deliverables to sub-deliverables to activities
to tasks. BABOK 10.22.3.2

c.Brainstorming
Incorrect: Raja may use brainstorming as a means to identify all activities/tasks he needs to do in
order to produce deliverables but it is not the primary technique that will help him decompose
deliverables to tasks. The project manager has asked Raja for a list of all of his business
analysis-related deliverables along with the associated activities and tasks as inputs into the
project plan and schedule. What technique will serve Raja best?
a.Estimation
b.Work breakdown structure
c.Brainstorming
d.Functional decomposition
b.Requirements Analysis and Design Definition, Define Design Options, Define Solution
Approaches, Combination of solution approaches Which knowledge area, task, element, and
element detail relate to this project?
a.Strategy Analysis, Define Design Options, Define Solution Approaches, Purchase solution
components
b.Requirements Analysis and Design Definition, Define Design Options, Define Solution
Approaches, Combination of solution approaches
c.Requirements Life Cycle Management, Identify Business Need, Define Solution Approach,
Design solution components
d.Enterprise Analysis, Define Solution Scope, Define Implementation Approach, Rank selection
of approaches
d.Business analysis approach Which of the following is the first output that you would create?
a.Risk plan
b.Stakeholder engagement approach.
c.Business analysis plan
d.Business analysis approach
c.Among the five departments who will use the software. Facilitate a meeting to understand the
underlying interests of each key stakeholder and to help them identify solutions that are aligned
with the company. Which conflict should the BA be most concerned about and what conflict
resolution effectiveness measure should be used?
a.Between the sponsor and project manager. Since the conflict specifically relates to the project
rather than to the solution, it is best to have them work through the project issues.
b.Between the BA and the project manager. Complete a risk analysis of potential risks, such as
the vendor testing and conflict between various parties, and the effect of those risks on the
deadline.
c.Among the five departments who will use the software. Facilitate a meeting to understand the
underlying interests of each key stakeholder and to help them identify solutions that are aligned
with the company.
d.Between the sponsor and the key business stakeholder. Facilitate a meeting to validate that
both parties have a clear understanding of the levels of stakeholder involvement, that they can
work together to communicate key messages, and that they both can recognize when the non-
verbal communication differs from the verbal message.
b.Process modeling Which technique can the BA use that will best help the stakeholders
understanding what they need to do once the new software is implemented?
a.Brainstorming
b.Process modeling
c.Acceptance and evaluation criteria
d.Teamwork
c.While procuring the software and consulting from a prior vendor would be faster, completing a
vendor assessment would increase the likelihood of long-term satisfaction with the decision.
The sponsor of a new project wants to contact a vendor the company has worked with
frequently in the past to procure new software along with consulting help configuring and
integrating it into the current environment. You are the BA assigned to the project and are trying
to convince the sponsor to take the time for a vendor assessment. What would be your primary
argument?
a.While procuring the software and consulting from a prior vendor would be faster, completing a
vendor assessment would increase the likelihood of more favorable terms and conditions.
b.While procuring the software and consulting from a prior vendor would be faster, completing a
vendor assessment would likely result in a better pricing model.
c.While procuring the software and consulting from a prior vendor would be faster, completing a
vendor assessment would increase the likelihood of long-term satisfaction with the decision.
d.While procuring the software and consulting from a prior vendor would be faster, completing a
vendor assessment is best practice.
a.A means to elicit ideas and opinions about a specific product, service, or opportunity in an
interactive group environment. What is the purpose of a focus group?
a.A means to elicit ideas and opinions about a specific product, service, or opportunity in an
interactive group environment.
b.A means to collaborate and build a strong and cohesive team in order to satisfy stakeholders
needs.
c.A quantitative means to elicit ideas and opinions about a specific product, service, or
opportunity through a research.
d.A means to elicit information by viewing and understanding activities and their context.
a.The business analyst may be involved in more than one project and may not have enough time
for this process. You are a new hire in a financial institution and have been assigned to the
Operations Release project. You want to reinforce the positive experience and successes of the
previous releases, so you seek to review the lessons learned, but there is no documentation. The
following would be challenges that may hinder project teams carrying out the lessons learned
process. Which one is LEAST likely to be a reason?
a.The business analyst may be involved in more than one project and may not have enough time
for this process.
b.Honest discussion may not occur if participants try to assign blame during these sessions.
c.Participants may be reluctant to document and discuss problems.
d.Proactive facilitation may be required to ensure that the discussions remain focused on
solutions and improvement opportunities.
d.Stakeholder
Identification of interfaces provides context for the BA to elicit more detailed stakeholder
requirements which determines adequate functional coverage of the solution. BABOK 10.24.2
The early identification of interfaces provides context for the BA to elicit more detailed
requirements. Which classification of requirement is the BABOK describing?
a.Transition
b.Non-functional
c.Functional
d.Stakeholder
a.Pay special attention to deliverables, rather than how they are produced. Douglas McGregor's
'XY Theory' characterizes the Theory X management style as results-driven. What is the
appropriate action to take if the BA on the team has a Theory X manager?
a.Pay special attention to deliverables, rather than how they are produced.
b.Instruct other BA team members to steer clear of the manager's authoritarian dictums.
c.Speak to the Project Manager about immediately extending any due dates set by the manager.
d.Interpret the manager's direction as 'guidelines' that the BA lead can use with a great degree of
discretion when determining priorities and methods.
c.Enterprise limitationHow could this current situation be described from a value realization
standpoint?
a.Opportunity cost
b.Solution limitation
c.Enterprise limitation
d.Sunk cost
d.Performed a more rigorous enterprise readiness assessment as part of the initial project. How
could this situation have been mitigated or avoided altogether?
a.By identifying the risk of some personnel resisting the new technology and developing an
effective mitigation strategy.
b.By performing rigorous problem analysis.
c.By focusing on process improvements vs. expensive new systems.
d.Performed a more rigorous enterprise readiness assessment as part of the initial project.
b.An impact analysis wasn't conducted focusing on stakeholders' functions. Some of the
probation officers still use a Dictaphone to record lengthy reports for court review and
disposition, and administrative assistants transcribe what was dictated. With the new system, the
Dictaphones don't work and court imposed deadlines are being missed causing public scrutiny.
How was this crucial finding missed?
a.An impact analysis wasn't conducted focusing on stakeholders' concerns.
b.An impact analysis wasn't conducted focusing on stakeholders' functions.
c.An impact analysis wasn't conducted focusing on stakeholders' technological maturity.
d.An impact analysis wasn't conducted focusing on stakeholders' locations.
a.Use Case Descriptions Robert is struggling to find the best way to model requirements on
his project. In particular, the business wants to allow mortgage applicants the ability to save their
application and resume in the future if they cannot complete the application in one sitting. Which
technique would Robert employ to define the accomplishment of this specific goal?
a.Use Case Descriptions
b.Process modeling
c.Goal decomposition
d.Use Case Diagram
d.Document business rules in some form of business rules catalog since a single rule may impact
a number of processes. During the course of eliciting the business process flow, the
business analyst encountered internal and external policies which govern the use of business data
across multiple processes. In this situation, the business analyst should do which of the
following?
a.Attempt to capture all relevant business rules as part of the user and functional requirements
documentation.
b.Develop business rule statements that do not constrain how the business operates so as to avoid
being prescriptive.
c.Defer the discussion to the "business rule management team" as an external resource and
outside the scope of the project team.
d.Document business rules in some form of business rules catalog since a single rule may impact
a number of processes.
a.Objectives, techniques, and participants are the three dimensions of reviews. Which of the
following is TRUE about reviews?
a.Objectives, techniques, and participants are the three dimensions of reviews.
b.Reviews and workshops are synonymous.
c.Each review is focused on the skills or actions of the participants and not on the work product.
d.Each review is tailored to the needs of the participants and business analyst.
a.It depends how they are being used and by whom. What is the primary difference between
requirements and designs?
a.It depends how they are being used and by whom.
b.Requirements and designs are synonyms and can be used interchangeably.
c.Requirements are the responsibility of the BA; designs are the responsibility of design
architects.
d.Requirements are documented in models at which point they become a design.
c.Potential solution The following are guidelines and tools under the Validate Requirements
task. Which one is NOT?
a.Solution scope
b.Business objectives
c.Potential solution
d.Future state description
d.Benefit, penalty, cost, risk, dependencies, time sensitivity, stability, regulatory or policy
compliance Which of the following sets include typical factors that influence requirements
prioritization?
a.Urgency, penalty, cost, risk, dependencies, time sensitivity, stability, regulatory or policy
compliance
b.Urgency, penalty, cost, risk, dependencies, time sensitivity, impact, regulatory or policy
compliance
c.Benefit, penalty, cost, risk, dependencies, time sensitivity, regulatory or policy compliance
d.Benefit, penalty, cost, risk, dependencies, time sensitivity, stability, regulatory or policy
compliance
b.Domain subject matter expert Which business analysis stakeholder role is involved in all
tasks performed to organize and coordinate the efforts of business analyst and stakeholders?
a.Supplier
b.Domain subject matter expert
c.Project manager
d.Regulator
b.Requirements allocation Joseph is assessing each design option based on the potential value
it is expected to deliver and ensuring that it represents the most effective trade-offs. Which of the
following would he NOT consider in this activity?
a.Available resources
b.Requirements allocation
c.Dependencies between requirements
d.Constraints on the solution
b.Business constraints You have been asked to facilitate a workshop to rank requirements to
determine their relative importance to stakeholders. Prior to the workshop you prepare by
understanding regulatory statutes, contractual obligations, and business policies that may define
priorities. Which of the following guidelines are you using?
a.Business assumptions
b.Business constraints
c.Change strategy
d.Governance approach
d.Process modeling
Correct: BABOK 7.4.6 Which of the following is NOT a stated technique for the Define
Requirements Architecture task?
a.Interviews
b.Functional decomposition
c.Scope modeling
d.Process modeling
b.Brainstorming A lead business analyst has defined how decisions will be made about
requirements and designs, and has asked one of the junior business analysts on the same
initiative to create an initial list of potential stakeholder names who may need approval roles in
the newly defined governance process. Which technique would you advise the business analyst
to employ?
a.Process modeling
b.Brainstorming
c.Creative thinking
d.Document analysis
a.Pass around Your business analysis approach requires four reviews throughout the initiative in
order to evaluate the content of various work products and to find defects early in the process. If
each review is done separately, it would require two hours of review time. Russ, the project
sponsor, is advocating for one rigorous review prior to the product's release as everyone is busy
and unable to find common times for multiple reviews. He maintains the review could be done in
six hours if it was all done at one time.
Which of the following might you suggest to the sponsor that might address both concerns?
a.Pass around
b.Inspection
c.Formal walkthrough
d.Ad hoc
c.25% If Russ is correct, what percentage of time would be saved?
a.75%
b.33%
c.25%
d.16.5%
d.System architecture Which of the following is NOT a guideline or tool for the task of prioritize
requirements?
a.Change strategy
b.Domain knowledge
c.Business constraints
d.System architecture
b.Collaborative gamesFinn wants to ensure key stakeholders have a unified vision of a business
solution. He has decided to facilitate a session during which participants will construct a product
box. What elicitation technique is Finn using?
a.Prototyping
b.Collaborative games
c.Mind mapping
d.Workshop
b.Whether or not to conduct a detailed review of each document's content and recording relevant
notes associated with each topic. You are in the process of assessing source documents that
would be helpful in gathering background information, in order to understand the context of a
business need. Which of the following would you NOT consider?
a.The definition of both the data to be mined and the data clusters that provide items grouped by
logical relationships.
b.Whether or not to conduct a detailed review of each document's content and recording relevant
notes associated with each topic.
c.Whether or not the source's content is relevant, current, genuine, and credible.
d.Whether or not the content is understandable and can be easily conveyed to stakeholders as
needed.
b.The solution might be high performing, but contributes lower value than expected. Chris,
a CIO in the banking industry, implemented the Business Relationship Manager (BRM) role to
improve customers' loyalty scores. Best practice frameworks cited the BRM role as a sure- fire
way to ensure customer satisfaction. Chris implemented the role by the book by sending six new
BRMs through a 4-week training course and requiring them to pass a rigorous exam to obtain
BRM certification. The scores are in and customer satisfaction scores are essentially the same as
they were prior to the BRM role.
What might your initial take be on this situation?
a.The solution is low performing, but could potentially be valuable.
b.The solution might be high performing, but contributes lower value than expected.
c.Not enough due diligence was given to the upfront analysis to determine if the BRM role was
the "right" solution.
d.The BRM role isn't delivering value so the organization should write off the sunk cost and
explore other customer satisfaction enhancement options.
b.Conduct interviews with the customers that are assigned a BRM to better understand their
experience. Chris asked Peyton, a BA in the organization, to look a little more closely at the
performance measurements and recommend a course of action. Peyton began by examining the
customer satisfaction scores pre- and post- implementation of the BRM role. She finds there are
no questions geared toward new BRM activities. What is her initial recommendation to the CIO?
a.Send a survey to the customers with all questions geared toward the BRM role.
b.Conduct interviews with the customers that are assigned a BRM to better understand their
experience.
c.Observe BRMs to ensure their daily work aligns with best practices.
d.Conduct a focus group of customers to understand their perceptions of the BRM role.
d.As a solution risk If Chris will not authorize Peyton to proceed, how should Peyton treat the
lack of measures?
a.As a solution problem
b.As an enterprise problem
c.As an enterprise risk
d.As a solution risk
c.Reports that are provided to the user Which of the following is an example of a user
interface?
a.Interactions between two systems that a user uses
b.Error messaging
c.Reports that are provided to the user
d.Data files that are generated in the system
c.Business analysts use requirements architecture to ensure every requirement links back to an
objective and shows how an objective was met.
This answer describes the purpose of "traceability". The following statements describe how
business analysts use requirements architecture. Which one is NOT a correct description?
a.Business analysts use requirements architecture to make trade-off decisions about requirements
while considering the overall objectives.
b.Business analysts use a requirements architecture to understand which models are appropriate
for the domain, solution scope, and audience.
c.Business analysts use requirements architecture to ensure every requirement links back to an
objective and shows how an objective was met.
d.Business analysts use requirements architecture to ensure the requirements work together to
achieve the overall objectives.
b.Business case Which document should you reference to understand the forecasted costs
and benefits of the proposed solution as part of the preparation for elicitation?
a.Solution scope
b.Business case
c.Project management plan
d.Business need
a.Survey or questionnaire As a business analyst planning an approach for establishing
effective working relationships with your stakeholders, you want to identify what characteristics
are shared by your stakeholders. Which technique would be helpful in achieving your goal most
efficiently?
a.Survey or questionnaire
b.Brainstorming
c.Organizational modeling
d.Interviews
c.Plan business analysis approach A business analyst wants to assess the business analysis
work and plan improvement processes where necessary. Which task should be completed before
attempting this activity?
a.Plan business analysis information management
b.Plan business analysis governance
c.Plan business analysis approach
d.Performance analysis
d.Open-ended and closed A business analyst wants to be sure that all the appropriate kinds of
questions are asked during domain expert interviews to define the requirements for a new
accounts payable system. Which types of questions should be included?
a.Open-ended and contextual
b.Direct and indirect
c.Open-ended and limited choice
d.Open-ended and closed
b.Collaborate with key stakeholders to gain consensus on the definition of the problem and
resulting impacts. What is the first thing Brian should do? Time is of the essence!
a.Analyze key stakeholders to understand their power/interest level and current level of
engagement.
b.Collaborate with key stakeholders to gain consensus on the definition of the problem and
resulting impacts.
c.Plan elicitation activities with key customers to identify the root cause(s) of their satisfaction so
that a recommendation can be developed.
d.Review reports to understand exactly how much customer satisfaction scores have decreased.
b.From external drivers. How was the business need in this scenario identified?
a.From the top-down.
b.From external drivers.
c.From middle management.
d.From the bottom-up.
a.Through validation In many cases, stakeholders have different, conflicting needs and
expectations. How would a business analyst help expose these differences and ensure their needs
are met?
a.Through validation
b.Through collaboration
c.Through item tracking
d.Through specifying and modeling their requirements
d.Brainstorming You are a business analyst for your organization. You want to use a
requirements elicitation technique to produce a broad set of options for an identified problem.
You want the stakeholders to help you identify options, factors that affect the solution and
possible solution issues, along with risks and dependencies. Which of the following requirement
elicitation activities would the best approach to satisfy these requirements?
a.Affinity mapping
b.Benchmarking
c.Mind mapping
d.Brainstorming
a.Systems Thinking. Which of the following underlying competencies will help you understand
how the people, processes, and technology within an organization interact?
a.Systems Thinking.
b.Contextual Thinking.
c.Business Acumen.
d.Organization Knowledge.
d.Add a kinesthetic (learning by doing) component. Sallie the BA was in the process of
conducting training and noticed that members of the class were having difficulty retaining the
information. She is currently using PowerPoint slides supported by written material. What might
you suggest she try?
a.More frequent review of the material.
b.Assessments; they would pay better attention if they knew they were going to be tested.
c.Include more graphics.
d.Add a kinesthetic component.
a.Eliminate redundancy

Avoid waste Incorrect: Avoiding waste concentrates on completely removing activities that do
not add value. It's a close second answer. Production personnel have to complete a significant
amount of paperwork for each "batch" of new product. Much of the paperwork asks for the exact
same information and the worker has to manually enter it on every form. This is contributing to
the plant missing its monthly production goals unless it offers overtime which eats away profit.
Melissa is a BA tackling this issue and suggests preprinting forms with batch information to
avoid having to manually enter it.

What type of recommendation is this?

a.Eliminate redundancy
b.Reduce complexity of interfaces
c.Avoid waste
d.Necessity
d.Preprinting will reduce errors related to paperwork by 3%, saving $23,000/annually.

This is a logical answer and not specifically cited in the BABOK. It's also "SMART!" What
might Melissa cite as an additional benefit of the recommendation to help "sell" it to approvers?
a.The paperwork will be easier to read as some workers' handwriting is horrible.
b.Employees will see evidence that the company is listening to their complaints and doing
something about it. Employee morale will increase and with it, productivity and quality.
c.Additional benefits aren't needed as the recommendation is straightforward and logical.
d.Preprinting will reduce errors related to paperwork by 3%, saving $23,000/annually.
a.Evaluate the solution of the preprinted labels to ensure the forecasted value promised is
realized.

This is what the majority of the Solution Evaluation knowledge area focuses on - delivery of
forecasted solution value! BABOK 8.0 Congratulations! Melissa's recommendation was
accepted. What will she need to ensure happens as a result to measure value?
a.Evaluate the solution of the preprinted labels to ensure the forecasted value promised is
realized.
b.Inspect the labels once printed to gain assurance that the new process fulfills quality standards.
c.Develop the processes related to preprinting labels.
d.Communicate the decision to production personnel.
a.We have experienced a 10% increase in complaints over the last two years related to checking
the status of items on orders. This results in bad public relations and the risk of losing customers,
not getting new customers, and lost revenues.
A need is a problem or opportunity to be addressed (BABOK Core Concept Model). This
response tells us what the current situation is and why it's a problem. It quantifies the problem
and presents a real external threat that needs to be avoided. Which of these represents the best
statement of business need?
a.We have experienced a 10% increase in complaints over the last two years related to checking
the status of items on orders. This results in bad public relations and the risk of losing customers,
not getting new customers, and lost revenues.
b.Our current systems, like the Order, Accounting, and Logistics systems are too slow and need
to be updated. We need to create a link between our AP system and Invoicing. We need to
research the possibility of purchasing Accounting and/or Logistics software.
c.Our current systems, like the Order, Accounting, and Logistics systems are too slow and need
to be updated. The Order system needs to contain the status of the order, the Accounting system
needs a link between AP and Invoicing, and the DC systems need to be online.
d.We need to fix our slow systems like the Order, Accounting, and Logistics systems.
d.There is a one-to-many relationship between orders and items on an order. That is, each order
has to contain at least one item, but each item is contained on one and only one order. Which
of these statements expresses the cardinality of the relationship according to the case study?
a.There is a one-to-many relationship between orders and statuses. That is, each order can have
multiple statuses, but each status is for one and only one order.
b.There is a many-to-many relationship between business customers and individual customers.
That is, business customers can also be individual customers and vice versa.
c.There is a many-to-many relationship between orders and shipments. That is, each shipment
can contain multiple orders, and each order can be split across many shipments. This relationship
will have to be resolved.
d.There is a one-to-many relationship between orders and items on an order. That is, each order
has to contain at least one item, but each item is contained on one and only one order.
d.Facilitate several meetings to discuss the differences among the stakeholders, ensure that they
have an opportunity to express their feelings and needs, ensure an outcome that satisfies the
needs of the stakeholder and aligns with the business need. The intent is to strengthen the
relationships among the affected stakeholders. Which of these statements expresses the
most effective way for the BA to resolve conflict among the stakeholders about how to meet the
business need?
a.Facilitate a meeting. List all the needs on a board. Everyone gets to choose their top two
priorities. After the other needs have been eliminated, each stakeholder votes on their top choice.
The intent is to ensure all parties are heard and that they have input into the outcome. The
business analyst ensures that the outcome aligns with the business need.
b.Talk to the stakeholders individually. Ensure that you understand the real need behind the
stated need. Have a meeting with the sponsor to discuss these needs. Encourage the sponsor to
talk to the stakeholders and get them on board. The intent is to ensure all parties are heard.
c.Talk to the sponsor, since the sponsor makes the ultimate decision about priorities. Set up a
meeting to communicate the sponsor's decision to the affected stakeholders. This conflict-
resolution technique is used when the initiative is stuck when there are tight timeframes, and
when not having a decision would delay the initiative. The intent is to ensure that development
of the solution is not delayed and that all parties can move forward.
d.Facilitate several meetings to discuss the differences among the stakeholders, ensure that they
have an opportunity to express their feelings and needs, ensure an outcome that satisfies the
needs of the stakeholder and aligns with the business need. The intent is to strengthen the
relationships among the affected stakeholders.
a.State Modeling to help understand the various states an Order goes through. To help
understand the requirements involving Orders as they interact with the Inventory, Accounting,
Picking, and Shipping systems, which technique would help the business analyst during
Requirements Analysis and Design Definition the most and why?
a.State Modeling to help understand the various states an Order goes through.
b.Scope Modeling to learn understand the boundaries of the Order processes and their interfaces
to other systems.
c.Concept Modeling to discover current business relationships that Orders have to the various
systems.
d.Process Modeling to document the handoffs affecting Orders among the various systems.
c.When Business Analyst have validated that all items defined in the scope of elicitation are
completed. Steven has conducted a number of elicitation sessions with a group of
stakeholders from the Mortgage Loan department for their requirements as part of a new project.
How will Steven determine when requirements elicitation from that business group is complete?
a.When no new stakeholders are identified in that business group to share their requirements.
b.When all stakeholders from that groups have shared their requirements.
c.When Business Analyst have validated that all items defined in the scope of elicitation are
completed.
d.When all stakeholders from that group have a shared understanding of the requirements they
have provided.
c.Business, stakeholder, solution, transition Eliciting requirements is a key task in business
analysis and serves as a foundation for the solution to the business needs. The business analyst
should understand the commonly used techniques to elicit requirements, should be able to select
appropriate technique(s) for a given situation, and be knowledgeable of the tasks needed to
prepare, execute and complete each technique. According to the BABOK, which types of
requirements are elicited?
a.Functional, non-functional, customer, stakeholder
b.Isolated, compartmental, validation, verification
c.Business, stakeholder, solution, transition
d.Focused technical, organizational, external, non-technical
a.Requirements management tool What tool or system can provide significant benefits when
there is a need to trace a large number of requirements and that may be too unwieldy with a
manual approach?
a.Requirements management tool
b.Change management traceability system
c.Traceability and relationship management system
d.Traceability management system
d.Strategic, operational, tactical What are the three types of initiatives that business analysts
are typically involved in?
a.Strategic, operational, support
b.Basic, intermediate, advanced
c.Business-oriented, technology-oriented, process-oriented
d.Strategic, operational, tactical
b.Cardinalities The number of occurrences of one entity in a data model that are linked to a
second entity are called what?
a.Associations
b.Cardinalities
c.Numeralities
d.Attributes
a.Defining Solution Approaches, Identifying Improvement Opportunities, Requirements
Allocation, Describing Design Options. The lead business analyst has engaged you to
outline the design possibilities that would satisfy a set of requirements in the project. Which set
of activities is the lead business analyst involved in?
a.Defining Solution Approaches, Identifying Improvement Opportunities, Requirements
Allocation, Describing Design Options.
b.Defining Solution Approaches, Identifying Improvement Opportunities, Requirements
Allocation.
c.Analyzing Current State, Defining Future State, Assessing Risks, Defining Change Strategy.
d.Determining Expected Benefits, Determining Expected Costs, Determining Value, Assess
Design Options.
d.Business analysts manage how proposed changes to requirements and designs are evaluated
during an initiative. Within the context of requirements life cycle management, which of the
following statements is true about the "change" core concept?
a.Business analysts trace, prioritize, and maintain requirements to ensure that the need is met.
b.Business analysts work closely with key stakeholders to maintain understanding, agreement,
and approval of requirements and designs.
c.Business analysts trace requirements and designs to solution components to ensure that the
solution satisfies the need.
d.Business analysts manage how proposed changes to requirements and designs are evaluated
during an initiative.
b.Benchmarking and market analysis
Since it is a common product offering across competitors, it would be helpful to know if other
companies are experiencing decreasing sales and if so, what they are doing about it. BABOK
8.3.6 and 10.4 Delivery sales have been decreasing by 5% year-over-year for a company's
bottled water offering. The water is delivered to a subscriber's door in 5-gallon plastic jugs which
fit on top of a dispenser. This is a common product in the bottled water industry. Alan has been
asked to assess the solution to understand the reason for declining sales as it has been the
company's steady source of revenue.
How should Alan proceed?
a.Focus groups
b.Benchmarking and market analysis
c.Root cause analysis
d.Data mining
c.Interviews
Alan would want to contact customers who have discontinued the service to ascertain their
reason(s). BABOK 8.3.6 Delivery sales have been decreasing by 5% year-over-year for a
company's bottled water offering. The water is delivered to a subscriber's door in 5-gallon plastic
jugs which fit on top of a dispenser. This is a common product in the bottled water industry. Alan
has been asked to assess the solution to understand the reason for declining sales as it has been
the company's steady source of revenue.
It appears all companies are experiencing similar decreases in sales for this product offering.
Complaint data hasn't uncovered anything useful in the analysis either. What's Alan's next step?
a.Root cause analysis
b.Survey or questionnaire
c.Interviews
d.Operational assessment
a.He needs to complete a risk analysis. Alan found that as the population of the customer
segment subscribing to this service aged, the 5 gallon jugs were simply too heavy to hoist onto
the water dispenser causing them to cancel the service. Alan brainstormed potential solutions and
immediately completed a financial analysis to understand the cost/benefit of manufacturing jugs
that held 2.5 vs. 5 gallons. He was proud of the fact that the 2.5 gallon jugs could have the same
neck and so would fit existing dispensers. His recommendation was to go ahead with the
manufacture of the new jugs along with a "win-back" campaign for lost customers. What might
he be missing in his recommendation?
a.He needs to complete a risk analysis.
b.He needs to provide alternative actions in addition for consideration.
c.Nothing is missing in his recommendation. Al's process and recommendation was right on!
d.He needs to provide decision makers with a view of what will happen if they do nothing.
c.To improve organizational operations, increase customer satisfaction, and increase value to
stakeholders. What the purpose of benchmarking and market analysis?
a.To compare organizational practices against the best-in-class practices.
b.To improve interrelationships and mutual understanding among organizations in the same
industry.
c.To improve organizational operations, increase customer satisfaction, and increase value to
stakeholders.
d.To acquire information in order to support the various decision-making processes within an
organization.
c.Change strategy, future state description, risk analysis results, and solution scope. What
are the guidelines and tools that are used to support analyzing performance measures?
a.Solution performance analysis, solution performance measures, solution limitations, and
recommended actions.
b.Acceptance and evaluation criteria, metrics and key performance measures, data mining, and
root cause analysis.
c.Change strategy, future state description, risk analysis results, and solution scope.
d.Project strategy, implementation scope, risk mitigation response, and performance analysis
metrics.
a.Adjourn the session and schedule individual interviews with the stakeholders. Jackson is
conducting a workshop with domain subject matter experts to elicit solution requirements. He is
having trouble getting participants to contribute to the discussion; they seem reluctant to talk. He
tried moving to written brainstorming but is still getting limited participation. What would be
Jackson's logical next step?
a.Adjourn the session and schedule individual interviews with the stakeholders.
b.Revisit the ground rules and remind stakeholders that this is a "safe" environment and
participation is to key to the fulfillment of session objectives.
c.Adjourn the session and schedule a focus group.
d.Utilize the observation technique.
d.Business Knowledge. A business analyst displays 'what' when they demonstrate an
understanding of fundamental principles and best practices that get incorporated into and
supported by solutions?
a.People Knowledge.
b.Systems Knowledge.
c.Systems Thinking.
d.Business Knowledge.
a.Maintain traceability Which of the following is NOT a consideration in maintaining
requirements?
a.Maintain traceability
b.Maintain attributes
c.Maintain requirements
d.Reusing requirements
a.Problem Solving. Which of the following is NOT an underlying competency listed under the
interaction skills category?
a.Problem Solving.
b.Teamwork.
c.Leadership and Influencing.
d.Teaching.
c.Conduct Elicitation. Stacy is working on an IT change initiative which will replace the current
time-consuming process of data transfer from Appl-A to Appl-B by a faster data transfer process.
Stacy has been working with the development team to experiment with different data transfer
approaches to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches. She will
then hold a workshop to share those results with a select group of business stakeholders to get
their input on the best approach to use for the solution. Which task Stacy is performing?
a.Prepare for elicitation.
b.Conduct a proof of concept.
c.Conduct Elicitation.
d.Define design options.
c.Business objectives, future state description, potential value Which of the following are
outputs of the define future state task?
a.Business objectives, capability analysis, potential value
b.Business goals and objectives, future state description, potential value
c.Business objectives, future state description, potential value
d.Business goals and objectives, capability analysis, potential value
b.Value stream mapping (VSM). You have been hired on as the business analyst on the
process improvement project. You have constructed process models of the current state, and are
now assessing the process for its efficiency and effectiveness. The project manager has asked
you to provide a one-page picture of all the steps involved in the end-to-end process, including
both value-adding and non-value-adding elements. What process analysis method would be
helpful to achieve your goal use?
a.SIPOC.
b.Value stream mapping (VSM).
c.Conceptual data modal.
d.Agile.
b.Survey or questionnaire You are in the process of selecting people to participate in a
particular elicitation event. You are considering whether the type of questions will be open-
ended or closed-ended. You are also considering the best mode of distribution. Which technique
are you likely planning?
a.Interview
b.Survey or questionnaire
c.Focus group
d.Workshop
b.Get approval to change the scope of the solution from whomever has the authority to approve
changes and add the new requirements. Sanjay just met with one of his stakeholders who
wants to add two new requirements to a solution after it had been signed off the previous week.
In addition, the new requirements did not match the overall scope of the solution. However,
Sanjay was convinced that the developers could easily handle the two new requirements so he
passed them on to the development team. What should Sanjay have done?
a.Nothing different, since the developers could easily handle the new requirements this approach
was okay.
b.Get approval to change the scope of the solution from whomever has the authority to approve
changes and add the new requirements.
c.Put the new two requirements into a future phase for delivery.
d.Update the business requirements document and ask for signoff again. Once signoff is given
the new requirements can be handed off to development.
a.Allow for each decomposed part to be analyzed independently. What is the primary goal of
functional decomposition?
a.Allow for each decomposed part to be analyzed independently.
b.Describe a product or a process.
c.Determine which process steps can be automated.
d.To accurately identify the constituent components of in-scope deliverables.
b.Behavioral business rules Which of the following serve to shape (govern) day-to-day
business activity?
a.Organizational culture
b.Behavioral business rules
c.Business policies
d.Definitional business rules
d.Bottom-up estimation. Giewel is working as the business analyst on a compliance project.
She has received estimates from all the involved stakeholders. She combines them all to get a
total for all the activities and tasks. What method has she used for estimation?
a.Expert judgment.
b.Rolling wave.
c.Delphi estimation.
d.Bottom-up estimation.
b.Workshops.
Focus Team. Incorrect There is no such technique in BABOK Which of the following is a
focused event that has a facilitator, is attended by key stakeholders and subject matter experts
(SMEs) for a concentrated period of time, to achieve a predefined goal?
a.Reviews.
b.Workshops.
c.Interviews.
d.Focus Team.
d.He is working to understand and validate the value that was delivered by the implemented
solution. Finn is a BA working on a newly implemented logistics process for a package
supply company. He began gathering performance metrics on such things as how long the
process took vs. how long to get output from one area to another, defects in the output, duplicate
steps, number of complaints, etc. The department supervisor complained to Finn that gathering
these statistics was a waste of time. She said she would rather he spend his time gathering
requirements for automation to support the process. What rationale does Finn offer for his
activities?
a.He needs to keep an eye out for defects so he can address them in a timely way to ensure
customer satisfaction.
b.The information is needed as inputs into a SWOT analysis for the new automation project.
c.The gathered measurements will support the automation project.
d.He is working to understand and validate the value that was delivered by the implemented
solution.
a.Use a mix of visual, auditory and hands-on activities. What is considered the best way to
teach something?
a.Use a mix of visual, auditory and hands-on activities.
b.Test the learner's knowledge.
c.Use hand-on exercises to reinforce new material.
d.Use a formal presentation and exercises.
c.Financial analysis You are the business analyst for a process improvement effort. You have
conducted a survey with key stakeholder groups to identify possible business analysis activities
and other relevant items that would help build the business analysis approach. As the next step,
you now want to assess how the different approaches and the supported delivery options affect
the value delivered. Which technique would be beneficial in this assessment?
a.Reviews
b.Alternative analysis
c.Financial analysis
d.Business cases
b.It does not provide an understanding of the business process. Which of the following is a
weakness when using interface analysis as a technique for eliciting requirements?
a.It helps avoid "analysis paralysis."
b.It does not provide an understanding of the business process.
c.The elicitation of an interface's functional requirements early in the project will provide
valuable details for project planning.
d.The documentation detailing "as built" systems may be outdated.
b.Organization's methodologies As a business analyst, the types of activities that you will
perform are documented in the business analysis approach. The prescribed activities may be
influenced by which one of the following?
a.Stakeholders
b.Organization's methodologies
c.Techniques used
d.Business analyst knowledge
c.Renee didn't have adequate knowledge of the domain to conduct quality interviews. Renee
is a senior BA assigned to a project involving electronic health records. Renee has never worked
on a project in the medical field before but was confident in her ability to elicit stakeholder and
solution requirements through interviews. After the interviews, she confirmed the results with
interviewees, specified and modeled the requirements, assembled a requirements package, and
communicated them to the project team who informed her they were incomplete and asked her to
"try again" and make it snappy! What went wrong?
a.Renee failed to establish rapport with her interviewees.
b.Renee most likely didn't ask enough open-ended questions.
c.Renee didn't have adequate knowledge of the domain to conduct quality interviews.
d.Renee didn't assemble the requirements package with a technical audience in mind.
c.Benefit When considering changes or additions to existing requirements, business
analysts assess the impact of the proposed change by considering several aspects, among them
being what will be gained by accepting the change. What aspect is this?
a.Impact
b.Schedule
c.Benefit
d.Urgency
b.Plan business analysis information management Plan for requirements reuse is an element of
which of the following tasks?
a.Plan traceability approach
b.Plan business analysis information management
c.Business analysis planning and monitoring
d.Plan business analysis approach
b.People and Roles The lead business analyst has assigned you to create requirements models
that would help the project team understand roles, responsibilities and reporting structures that
exist within the organization and align those structures with the organization's goals. Which
requirements model category would you use?
a.Rationale
b.People and Roles
c.Organizational Modeling
d.Stakeholder List, Map, or Personas
c.Data replication Which of the following is NOT part of establishing a monitoring and
evaluation system structure for metrics?
a.Base lining of data
b.Data analysis
c.Data replication
d.Data collection
d.An operative rule. Leo has just discovered a business policy that applies universally across
the organization, and not just to his project. What has Leo uncovered?
a.A constraint.
b.A structural rule
c.A detectable rule.
d.An operative rule.
b.After requirements elicitation. Generally, when would a business analyst model
requirements in a change initiative?
a.Before requirements elicitation.
b.After requirements elicitation.
c.After evaluating the solution.
d.At any point in a change initiative.
d.Decision tree. Lydia is a BA working in a financial institution. The organization has not
had success implementing commercial software. Every time a package has been bought, it seems
to cause more trouble than it's worth with customization requirements, trouble with interfaces,
etc. Lydia is torn between recommending a commercial software package and building the
software. What technique/tool will best help her with this analysis?
a.Decision model.
b.A business case.
c.Business capability analysis.
d.Decision tree.
d.Leadership and Influencing Keely the BA is struggling with getting the project team to buy
into his ideas and concepts. Which interaction skills would best be utilized to address the
problems that Keely is facing?
a.Facilitation
b.Teaching
c.Teamwork
d.Leadership and Influencing
b.Acceptance and evaluation criteria; item tracking; reviews. Which techniques are used to
Validate Requirements?
a.Acceptance and evaluation criteria; metrics and key performance indicators; workshops.
b.Acceptance and evaluation criteria; item tracking; reviews.
c.Acceptance and evaluation criteria; financial analysis; workshops.
d.Metrics and key performance indicators; financial analysis; business capability analysis.
c.Interface analysis
System interface analysis will help define data-mapping and transition operational requirements
You are focusing your elicitation activities on transition requirements. Which technique
may provide the best requirements for this activity?
a.Observation
b.Focus group
c.Interface analysis
d.Prototype
a.Requirements life cycle management
The Requirements Lifecycle Management contains the tracing, prioritization, maintenance,
change assessment, and approval of the requirements. The BA also works closely with key
stakeholders to maintain understanding, agreement, and approval of requirements and designs
Which key area has a set of tasks that helps ensure that the right people are involved in
developing, understanding, and approving the project requirements?
a.Requirements life cycle management
b.Business analysis planning and monitoring
c.Solution evaluation
d.Strategy analysis
b.Reusable Requirements that are identified, clearly named, defined, and stored for long term
use by the organization are considered to be:
a.Approved
b.Reusable
c.Prioritized
d.Traced
b.Ask closed-ended questionsYou are trying to gather quantitative data in your survey. What
should you do?
a.Ask open-ended questions
b.Ask closed-ended questions
c.Ask both open-ended and closed-ended questions
d.Ask questions that can be answered with "agree" or "disagree" so they can be quantitatively
assessed and reported
a.Business requirements
The question focuses on "evaluating and investigating underlying rationale;" the output of that
focus is the business requirements. Your organization has just determined a new system is
needed to meet a new market opportunity and you have been asked to evaluate and investigate
the underlying rationale. You have been charged with ensuring that the widest possible range of
alternative solutions are considered. What is the output of your work?
a.Business requirements
b.Business objectives
c.Change strategy
d.Solution scope
a.Document analysis, user stories, and use cases and scenarios.
Document analysis can be used to analyze existing documentation about an enterprise that can
serve as the basis for maintaining and reusing requirements.
User stories are used to identify requirements related to the stories that can be reused
Use cases and scenarios can be used to identify a solution component that may be used in
multiple solutions. Larry and Janyce are Enterprise Analysts who have been assigned to a
multi-million dollar system integration project that will merge a newly purchased company's
system functionality into the current company platform. Because there are two more mergers
planned for the near future, Larry and Janyce's manager has asked them to identify and document
which requirements could be reused for future mergers and acquisitions. What technique might
Janyce use for this task?
a.Document analysis, user stories, and use cases and scenarios.
b.Business rules analysis, data modeling, and Workshops.
c.Functional decomposition, user stories, and structured walk-throughs.
d.Problem identification, process modeling, and data flow diagrams.
a.Organization knowledge, methodology knowledge, industry knowledge Larry the BA is
responsible for developing the business case for a project that his firm is recommending in the
insurance industry. Which of the following business knowledge competencies would Larry use?
a.Organization knowledge, methodology knowledge, industry knowledge
b.Solution knowledge, organizational knowledge, and financial analysis knowledge
c.Financial analysis knowledge, business acumen, industry knowledge
d.Business acumen, industry knowledge, business case knowledge
c.Negotiation, communication, conflict resolution Effective stakeholder management requires
which of the following skillsets?
a.Problem solving, communication, conflict resolution
b.Problem solving, communication, negotiation
c.Negotiation, communication, conflict resolution
d.Problem solving, collaboration, negotiation
b.Pre-qualified
A focus group is composed of pre-qualified participants whose objective is to discuss and
comment on a topic within a certain context. You have scheduled a focus group to determine
customer preferences regarding the new label design for an "old" product. Your participants
should be which of the following?
a.Recorded for further analysis
b.Pre-qualified
c.Be ready to participate
d.Paid for their time
c.Plan business analysis approach Estimation is a technique listed for which of the following
tasks?
a.Identify business analysis performance improvements
b.Plan stakeholder engagement
c.Plan business analysis approach
d.Business analysis planning and monitoring
a.An organization typically faces similar challenges on many of its initiatives. Hence successful
risk responses on one initiative must always be applied to other initiatives. Which of the
following statements is NOT true about risks?
a.An organization typically faces similar challenges on many of its initiatives. Hence successful
risk responses on one initiative must always be applied to other initiatives.
b.A risk event could be one occurrence, several occurrences, or even a non-occurrence.
c.The consequences of a risk are described in terms of their impact on the potential value.
d.There is the possibility that significant risks are not identified.
a.Business rules analysis Which technique would a business analyst use to identify business
rules that may be similar across the enterprise in order to facilitate reuse?
a.Business rules analysis
b.Data modeling
c.Enterprise analysis
d.Data flow diagrams
b.Share ideas; build on others' ideas. Which are the following steps are completed during an
active brainstorming session?
a.Elicit as many ideas as possible; discuss and evaluate ideas.
b.Share ideas; build on others' ideas.
c.Elicit as many ideas as possible; rate ideas.
d.Share ideas; rate ideas.
c.Body language. The greatest amount of information about a speaker's attitude and feelings
is conveyed during a conversation through which of the following means:
a.Emotions.
b.Words and content.
c.Body language.
d.Tone of voice.
a.Item tracking
Item tracking is used to track any issues or risk-related items raised during planning activities
You are a BA working to define your overall business analysis approach. You are
documenting stakeholder concerns and risks that are raised during discussions when building the
approach. What technique are you using?
a.Item tracking
b.Risk analysis and management
c.Brainstorming
d.Meeting notes
c.Solution limitations.
Solution limitations can be assessed without the current state description. You are a BA
assessing both the solution and enterprise limitations that are prohibiting the end-users from
experiencing the full value of the existing solution. You have the results of the solution
performance analysis, but you are lacking a description of the current state.
What sort of assessment are you able to perform without the current state description?
a.Enterprise limitations.
b.You can assess value from both the solution and enterprise perspectives.
c.Solution limitations.
d.You are not able to assess value from either the solution or enterprise perspectives without the
current state.
a.Define Design Options.
This is a task that uses Requirements Architecture as an input. Which of the following is
NOT an input to Define Requirements Architecture Task?
a.Define Design Options.
b.Requirements (any state).
c.Solution Scope
d.Information Management Approach.
a.Verbal Communication; you call her and express your concerns.

Verbalcommunication to "ensure that information presented is being understood by the receiver."

You overheard a work colleague say something you believe to be unethical and clearly
not in the best interests of the customer. You said nothing at the time. However, after thinking
about it, you decide to take action. Which underlying competency would be most effective?
a.Verbal Communication; you call her and express your concerns.
b.Verbal Communication; you express your concerns to the project manager.
c.Written Communication; you send an email detailing your concerns to the project manager and
copy her boss.
d.Written Communication; you send her an email detailing your concerns.
a.A shared understanding of a mind map can be difficult to communicate.

It may be a challenging to represent and synchronize the thought process of all participants in
one diagram. Mind maps can be developed individually or as a collaboration exercise. What
would be the MOST likely challenge in developing mind maps as a collaboration exercise?
a.A shared understanding of a mind map can be difficult to communicate.
b.Can be difficult to prepare and deliver presentations.
c.Can be misused as a brainstorming tool, and the related documenting of ideas and creating
associations may inhibit idea generation.
d.The team members may feel vulnerable sharing information to be captured in a fashion closely
resembling how they are thinking.
b.User stories
The customer writes the user stories because he is in the best position to know the goal they want
to accomplish. Gieson is analyzing and refining the elicitation results into requirements. He
wants to use a technique that will help his stakeholders (customers) describe the goal they want
to accomplish when using the solution. What technique would Gieson use?
a.Scope modeling
b.User stories
c.Use cases and scenarios.
d.Organizational modeling
a.Sequence diagram Reese wants to refine the use cases she's created in order for stakeholders
to validate the logic for interactions between the objects in the scenario. Which of the following
could she use?
a.Sequence diagram
b.Stakeholder list, map, or personas
c.User stories
d.State diagram
c.Organizational modeling
Organization chart is not a technique but, fundamental diagram used in organizational modeling.
Marie a new hire wants to understand roles, responsibilities, and reporting structures that
exist in her organization. Which technique would help her achieve her goal?
a.RACI diagram
b.Matrix model
c.Organizational modeling
d.Organization chart
a.They are key concepts that are needed to understand how to perform a task or utilize a
technique. Which of the following best describes an element?
a.They are key concepts that are needed to understand how to perform a task or utilize a
technique.
b.They are mandatory guidelines regarding how to perform a task aligned with best practice.
c.They are mandatory guidelines regarding how to perform a task or utilize a technique aligned
with best practice.
d.They are mandatory guidelines regarding how to utilize a technique aligned with best practice.
b.A paper prototype You are the business analyst working on a project which is enhancing a
software application package. You have decided to create a prototype to help confirm your
understanding of requirements. You have planned to create the mockup of new user interface
that will focus on look and feel but will not provide real capabilities.
a.Form Study prototype
b.A paper prototype
c.Functional prototype
d.Evolutionary prototype
d.Traceability
a useful tool when analyzing the impact of a change Elizabeth is a project stakeholder on your
project and she is asking for a change in one of the project requirements. Before this change can
be approved, you'll need to determine the effect of the change on all other project requirements.
What term best describes the examination of the relationships that may be affected by the change
in requirement?
a.Change control process
b.Interface analysis
c.Functional decomposition
d.Traceability
b.Mind mapping, risk analysis and management, scope modeling. Which techniques might be
used to plan an approach to establishing and maintaining effective working relationships with
stakeholders?
a.Focus groups, estimation, user stories.
b.Mind mapping, risk analysis and management, scope modeling.
c.Business case, functional decomposition, item tracking.
d.Roles and permissions matrix, use cases, reviews
b.Business model canvas
A business model canvas describes how an enterprise creates, delivers, and captures value and
serves as a blueprint for implementing a strategy. Cara is a business analyst working to
understand an organization's current strategy for creating and delivering value for its customers.
Her goal includes understanding how various departments in the organization align to the overall
strategy. Which of these techniques would be of most value to her?
a.SWOT analysis
b.Business model canvas
c.Focus group
d.Process modeling
d.Focus Group
Focus Groups are used for identifying needs, understanding ideas from a particular group of
stakeholders. Roma is a business analyst, working on an upgrade of payroll system for
employees. As part of discovering needs about the revised housing allowance part of the salary
component, Roma has arranged for requirement elicitation sessions with relevant stakeholders
having knowledge in this domain. Which elicitation technique Roma should use here to get the
best result as per her plan?
a.Interview
b.Workshop
c.Survey
d.Focus Group
c.Ethics and Trustworthiness Randall is a BA who is helping an organization purchase a new
configuration management tool. The CFO would like to consider a potential vendor that he has
read a lot about in trade magazines. Randall owns a significant amount of stock in that company
and so recuses himself from the selection process. What competencies did Randall demonstrate?
a.Adaptability and Trustworthiness
b.Behavioral Characteristics
c.Ethics and Trustworthiness
d.Personal Accountability and Ethics
a.Since Pete could be considered a subject matter expert, the current company could benefit from
his knowledge. He should recuse himself from the team and recruit another BA for the project
since he can't serve as a neutral facilitator.

The BABOK states that in this case another team member who can be objective could facilitate
the session. Although BAs can be a facilitator, this answer aligns with what the BABOK says is
best: "The workshop is ideally facilitated by an experienced, neutral facilitator" and Pete is not
neutral given his experience Pete is a BA who is planning an upcoming requirements workshop
that will use brainstorming to identify potential solutions to the recent decline in employee
morale. Pete has a lot of experience since he has worked in HR on similar projects for other
companies as a consultant. He has several ideas he'd like the team to consider and would like to
participate in the workshop. What is Pete's best course of action?
a.Since Pete could be considered a subject matter expert, the current company could benefit from
his knowledge. He should recuse himself from the team and recruit another BA for the project
since he can't serve as a neutral facilitator.
b.Since Pete is considered a subject matter expert and he has great ideas based on his past
experience, he can draft an initial set of requirements and facilitate a review session with the
team members so they can add to or make changes to the list of requirements.
c.Since Pete has so many "tried and true" solutions, he could meet with a couple of trusted
workshop participants prior to the session and share his ideas so they can offer them during the
workshop while he facilitates.
d.Since the company needs Pete's knowledge and a BA as well, Pete should announce his bias at
the beginning of the workshop along with his intention to both facilitate and participate in the
workshop.
d.Solution scope
When assessing requirement changes, solution scope must be considered to fully understand the
impact of a proposed change BABOK 5.4.5 You are the business analyst for an initiative that
has recently experienced changes in key business stakeholders, including governance personnel.
Changes in key stakeholders have resulted in numerous change requests for baselined
requirements. You are assessing the effect the proposed changes would have on solution
components. Which guideline are you employing?
a.Domain knowledge
b.Requirements architecture
c.Governance approach
d.Solution scope
d.Need In business analysis planning and monitoring, the business analyst chooses an approach
that provides adequate analysis for the change. This application describes which core concept of
the BACCM?
a.Context
b.Value
c.Change
d.Need
d.Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs)

Verify requirements is a task and not a technique Which of the following techniques would be
best suited to identify how to evaluate the quality of the requirements?
a.Verify requirements
b.Reviews
c.Acceptance and evaluation criteria
d.Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs)
a.Collaborative games

Product box is a collaborative game technique Bethany is a Business Analyst working on a

new underwater camera product. She is working closely with the Product Owner and a select
group of stakeholders to define the look and feel of the product box to help identifying the key
features of the product that would help drive interest in the marketplace. Bethany has also
reviewed both product literature of comparable products on various websites and product
documents available within the company for additional input into the creation of the product box.
What technique is Bethany using?
a.Collaborative games
b.Document analysis
c.Brainstorming
d.Prototyping
b.Solution Knowledge. BABOK 9.3.4

Domain knowledge is not an underlying competency. Your company has just purchased a
COTS package. You were selected as the business analyst for the project because of your
existing expertise and the need to implement within an aggressive timeline. This is an example of
what underlying competency?
a.Personal Accountability.
b.Solution Knowledge.
c.Domain Knowledge.
d.Organization and Time Management.
b.Indicate to the scribe during the meeting that "parking lot" issues should be acknowledged, and
suggest writing them on a white board or flip chart. The BA, serving as facilitator, encounters a
situation such as this during a requirements workshop with a client: A scribe is assigned to keep
track of important discussion points and action items. Several times during the morning session,
issues are deferred to a "parking lot." The scribe makes no visible gesture that the issue has been
noted. What should the facilitator do?
a.Mention to the scribe's supervisor that the scribe should be excluded from future workshops.
b.Indicate to the scribe during the meeting that "parking lot" issues should be acknowledged, and
suggest writing them on a white board or flip chart.
c.Wait until after the workshop has ended for the day, and provide coaching to the scribe with
respect to meeting procedures and artifacts.
d.Start tracking "parking lot" issues independently so that they are not lost.
d.Acknowledge Brent's frustration and assure him that the team would like to hear more details.
You are conducting a lessons learned session for the previous phase of a project so that
the next phase can be even better. Brent is a developer who begins raising his voice and pointing
fingers at the end users who "change their minds all of the time and don't have a clue as to what
they need!" What would be the best way to handle this situation?
a.Agree with Brent; after all, he's absolutely right.! The end users did cause the team a ton of
rework during the last phase of the project.
b.Tell Brent that finger pointing will not be tolerated during the meeting.
c.Ignore his comment hoping that he will calm down. After all, you don't want to fuel the fire.
d.Acknowledge Brent's frustration and assure him that the team would like to hear more details.
a.Depends
This is a type of relationship vs. an element of tracing requirements. Which of the
following is NOT a consideration in the trace requirements task?
a.Depends
b.Level of formality
c.Traceability repository
d.Relationships
c.Change strategy
This tool provides information which would assist the business analyst in managing stakeholder
consensus. You have been hired as the business analyst for an initiative. You have completed
requirements elicitation and documentation. You now want information to help you understand
the needs of all stakeholders to assist in managing consensus. Which of the following tools
would be helpful?
a.Legal/regulatory information
b.Requirement management tools/repository
c.Change strategy
d.Conflict and consensus management
d.Establish strong, positive, and trust-based relationships with stakeholders involved in business
analysis tasks.
By developing positive relationships, detrimental effects on business analysis tasks can be
modified. It is essential that stakeholders actively collaborate in the business analysis
process so as not to negatively impact the effort. What is the BA's role in ensuring positive
collaboration with stakeholders?
a.Escalate concerns about negative stakeholders to the project manager to minimize their effect
on the product being produced.
b.Listen to stakeholders and incorporate their feedback.
c.Set ground rules early in the relationship to provide a safe environment for collaboration.
d.Establish strong, positive, and trust-based relationships with stakeholders involved in business
analysis tasks.
a.People external to the solution, business processes, data interfaces between systems Which
of the following are considered interface types?
a.People external to the solution, business processes, data interfaces between systems
b.User interfaces, business interfaces, data exchangesIncorrect
c.Business processes, people external to the solution, implemented interfaces
d.Hardware devices, APIs, interface analysis
c.A form of qualitative research. Which of the following statements is true about the focus
group technique?
a.A form of a systematic group interview to create formal requirements.
b.A form of quantitative research.
c.A form of qualitative research.
d.Results of focus groups are direct inputs to functional decomposition.
b.Sponsor.
The sponsor is frequently not a participant in the workshop, but does have ultimate
accountability for its outcomeThere are several roles involved in a successful workshop. Which
of the following roles is generally not a participant in a workshop.
a.Scribe.
b.Sponsor.
c.Timekeeper.
d.Facilitator.
c.Organize requirements based on the solution components they are related to.
The question is about the solution scope, not the project scope. Scope models are used to
describe the scope of analysis or the scope of a solution. You have been asked to facilitate a
workshop to help clarify the scope of a solution. Your objective is to:
a.Complete a sequence diagram for all interactions within the scope of the project.
b.Complete business architecture for the proposed scope of a solution.
c.Organize requirements based on the solution components they are related to.
d.Complete document analysis based on the project scope.
d.Approach. You have been asked to facilitate a brainstorming session to identify stakeholders'
concerns. Which of the following is NOT one of the elements of brainstorming?
a.Wrap-up.
b.Preparation.
c.Session.
d.Approach.
a.Stakeholders knowledge of prototypes. Troy is designing a web form for his online
registration project. In order to allow stakeholders to provide input and feedback early, he
decides to provide them with a prototype. Which of the following would NOT be a consideration
for him?
a.Stakeholders knowledge of prototypes.
b.Prototyping approach.
c.Prototyping methods.
d.Prototyping examples.
b.To prioritize capability gaps in relation to value and risk. When defining a change strategy,
how is a business capability analysis used?
a.To identify the difference between current state and future state capabilities.
b.To prioritize capability gaps in relation to value and risk.
c.A business capability analysis is not used in the define change strategy task.
d.To analyze the most cost effective plan for transitioning to the future state.
a.Solution recommendations Which of the following is NOT a direct input in the define change
strategy task?
a.Solution recommendations
b.Future state description
c.Risk analysis results
d.Stakeholder engagement approach
d.Future state descriptions

Solution scope: Incorrect. This is defined as "the solution boundaries to measure and evaluate."
Which tool used to support assessing enterprise limitations is defined as follows:
"Boundaries of the proposed new, removed, or modified components of the enterprise, as well as
the potential value expected from the future state"?
a.Risk analysis results
b.Solution scope
c.Current state description
d.Future state descriptions
d.Introduce a collaborative game.
Collaborative games encourage participants in an elicitation activity in building a joint
understanding of a problem or a solution. A project sponsor was having a difficult time in the
project kick-off describing the business problem that was occurring. Courtney is a BA who the
sponsor asked to help define the problem. She noticed participants were struggling with the issue
and some team members were not participating and were checking their phones. What could
Courtney do to assist the sponsor while engaging team members?
a.Reinforce the ground rules so that participants put their phones away
.b.Reschedule the meeting and coach the sponsor so they're better able to articulate the problem.
c.Jump in and describe the business problem as she understands it from previous conversations
with the sponsor.
d.Introduce a collaborative game.
a.The employees do not see the value in completing the survey.
General knowledge regarding motivation though the BABOK does speak to "value assessments"
in the business case discussion. It's time to administer the annual employee satisfaction
survey. Last year less than 12% of the co-located employees returned the online survey. Gene
recommended discontinuing the survey given the low response rate but the governance team
elected to give it another try.
What could one infer from the low response rate?
a.The employees do not see the value in completing the survey.
b.The employees don't see anything changing as a result of the survey.
c.The employees do not believe their answers are anonymous and so fear retribution.
d.The employees don't have time to complete the survey.
a.Requirements Analysis and Design Definition

Strategy Analysis: Incorrect: True, analyzing current state is done in this knowledge area but not
modeling. There may be a slight difference between analyzing and modeling. Which
knowledge area develops models of the current state of an organization?
a.Requirements Analysis and Design Definition
b.Enterprise Analysis
c.Specify and Model Requirements
d.Strategy Analysis
b.To forecast the costs and efforts of meeting the requirements.

a.To create and estimate the measurements used in defining value: Incorrect This describes the
Metrics and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) technique. What is the purpose of estimation in
determining the potential value for each design option?
a.To create and estimate the measurements used in defining value.
b.To forecast the costs and efforts of meeting the requirements.
c.To forecast and estimate each stakeholder's value in the project.
d.To be able to provide some figures to the executives.
b.Performance. Which of the following best qualify as a "value attribute" for acceptance
criteria?
a.Value.
b.Performance.
c.Pass or Fail.
d.Solution Value ranking.
d.Self-actualization.
Highest level, after esteem.

b.Esteem. Incorrect: This is another way of saying achievement and respect Maslow's
hierarchy of needs proposes that once a person has satisfied the need for achievement and
respect, what is the next need?
a.Safety.
b.Esteem.
c.Love/belonging.
d.Self-actualization.
b.Ethics
Correct: Measures of effective ethical behavior include:... "feedback from stakeholders
confirming they feel decisions and actions are transparent and fair." You once co-
facilitated a requirements workshop with a BA who did not follow through on her commitments.
Because you were in two different locations, you decided to set up a web meeting. As you were
preparing for the session you heard her mutter, "Customers never really know what they want. In
the end, I'm going to give them what I think they need. This is a waste of time." This comment
indicates that she is missing which of the following underlying competencies?
a.Facilitation Skills
b.Ethics
c.Virtual Team Development Skills
d.Business Principles
c.Scope modeling.
This is one the techniques used in the Rationale modeling category which models the "why" of a
change. Kevin wants to model the rationale or the 'why' of a particular change. Which
technique might he use to accomplish this task?
a.User stories.
b.Stakeholder list, map, or Personas.
c.Scope modeling.
d.Process modeling.
b.Actions, assumptions, constraints, dependencies, defects, enhancements, and issues.
Risks are not one of the listed item types. Item tracking is an organized approach used by
business analysts to address stakeholder concerns. Which subset BEST represents item types that
stakeholders may identify in item tracking?
a.Actions, risks, assumptions, constraints, dependencies, defects, enhancements, and issues.
b.Actions, assumptions, constraints, dependencies, defects, enhancements, and issues.
c.Actions, assumptions, dependencies, constraints, defects, enhancements, requirements, and
issues.
d.Actions, risks, assumptions, constraints, impacts, defects, enhancements, and issues.
d.Job shadowing You have been hired as a business analyst in a health organization in
Quebec that wants to automate their clients' health records. You want to understand the current
processes, but the documents available are outdated, and most of the care providers speak French
of which, you understand very little. In this scenario, which of the following techniques would
you use to understand the current processes?
a.Workshops
b.Process analysis
c.Reviews
d.Job shadowing
c.Item Identifier. Which of the following is NOT an element in item tracking technique?
a.Item Management.
b.Item Record.
c.Item Identifier.
d.Metrics.
c.Document analysis
This technique does not involve consulting an individual but examining available materials.
Carole is about to start the requirements elicitation process for a new project. The domain
subject matter experts (SMEs) will not be available for the duration of the elicitation process.
Which technique below would best help Carole in the elicitation process?
a.Brainstorming
b.Requirements workshops
c.Document analysis
d.Organization modeling
b.Requirements and designs
Any requirements and design in the form of text, matrices or diagrams are ready to prioritize.
Bill is a BA for DuSheune Enterprises, a highly competitive marketing and research firm.
He is starting to prioritize the requirements of his project. What are the inputs of the
prioritization process?
a.Maintained requirements and designs
b.Requirements and designs
c.Approved requirements and designs
d.Verified requirements and designs
b.Having knowledge of major competitors and partners. Which of the following are effective
measures of industry knowledge?
a.Knowledge of and ability to use office productivity tools and technology prescribed by the
organization.
b.Having knowledge of major competitors and partners.
c.Understanding of the terminology or jargon used in the organization.
d.Understanding of how additional capabilities that are present, but not currently used, can be
deployed to provide value.
b.Business, technology, market
Correct These, along with "organizational" characterize typical business categories of risk.
Tim is performing a risk analysis within the context of a business capability analysis.
Which risk categories would likely be used to organize identified risks?
a.Technology, vendor, organizational
b.Business, technology, market
c.Process, organizational, market
d.Business, technology, vendor
a.Mind mapping Marley is facilitating a brainstorming session for an initiative with
complex requirements. She uses a graphical tool that incorporate words, images, and colors to
make it more memorable and enjoyable to create and review, instead of the traditional note-
taking style. Which of the following techniques is Marley MOST likely using?
a.Mind mapping
b.Paint brush
c.Value stream mapping
d.Prototyping
c.Root cause analysis
Correct Root cause analysis is used to help identify the underlying cause of failures or
difficulties in accomplishing business analysis work. Which technique would Nick employ
to help identify the underlying cause of variances from what he expected?
a.Peer review
b.Variance analysis
c.Root cause analysis
d.Item tracking
a.To rank requirements in the order of relative importance. What is the purpose of prioritizing
requirements?
a.To rank requirements in the order of relative importance.
b.To ensure requirements align to one another and manage the effects of any proposed change.
c.To determine which requirements carry the most risk.
d.To determine which requirements should be completed first.
d.Potential value, design options Givan has assembled a team to analyze the potential value
of design options and recommend a solution. What must he have obtained first in order to
accomplish this task?
a.Design options, solution options
b.Potential value, change strategy
c.Solution options, prototype
d.Potential value, design options
b.Recommended actions to increase solution value

Enterprise limitations is an input into the "recommend actions to increase solution value" task
A business analyst is conducting analysis to understand the factors that create differences
between potential value and actual value of a solution, and to recommend a course of action to
align them. What would the result of her efforts generate?
a.Decision analysis
b.Recommended actions to increase solution value
c.Enterprise limitations
d.Solution limitations
d.Business rules analysis Which technique would help Ida identify stakeholders who would
be a source of relevant business rules?
a.Root cause analysis
b.Interviews
c.Item tracking
d.Business rules analysis
b.Involves examining a work activity firsthand as it is performed. Which of the following
statements BEST describe job shadowing?
a.Involves bringing stakeholders together in order to collaborate on achieving a predefined goal.
b.Involves examining a work activity firsthand as it is performed.
c.Involves presenting a set of questions to stakeholders and subject matter experts (SMEs), and
analyzing their responses.
d.Involves planning for backup elicitation method in case the first does not materialize.
a.The definition of a given task changes according to the initiative type.
Correct The definition of a given task does not change. BABOK 1.4.3 Which of the
following is NOT true about a task in the BABOK?
a.The definition of a given task changes according to the initiative type.
b.The performance of a task should create value.
c.The definition of a given task is universally applicable to business analysis efforts, independent
of the initiative type.
d.A task is a discrete piece of work that may be performed formally or informally as a part of
business analysis.
b.Susan is defining the design of some aspect of the solution based upon elicited requirements.
Correct Screen mock-ups are considered design in one example in the BABOK. Design focuses
on the solutionSusan is a business analyst developing a screen mock-up for a key stakeholder
showing fields from a data model. Which of the following is true?
a.Susan is assisting the architect and developer to complete their deliverables.
b.Susan is defining the design of some aspect of the solution based upon elicited requirements.
c.Susan is working both as a business analyst and a design architect.
d.Susan is eliciting requirements and using the data model fields to understand user needs.
a.Prototypes facilitate agreement as a basis for, assessing the completeness and impact of
solutions, and defining contractual obligations. Which of the following statements is NOT
true about prototyping?
a.Prototypes facilitate agreement as a basis for, assessing the completeness and impact of
solutions, and defining contractual obligations.
b.When using throw-away or paper prototyping methods, users may feel more comfortable being
critical of the mock-up because it is not polished and release-ready.
c.Developers may believe that they must provide a user interface that precisely matches the
prototype, even if more elegant technology and interface approaches exist.
d.Prototypes are used to simulate a new solution so that performance measures can be
determined and collected.
a.Workshops
Correct. Anna is conducting the approve requirements task. Anna is a business analyst
responsible for ensuring clear communication of requirements, designs, and other business
analysis information to key stakeholders responsible for approving her artifacts. Which technique
would you recommend to help Anna facilitate obtaining approval for her completed artifacts?
a.Workshops
b.Item tracking
c.Decision analysis
d.Reviews
a.Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs). Mae is in the process of planning how to
assess the solution to determine if it is meeting objectives. Which of the following techniques
would help her?
a.Metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs).
b.Evaluation.
c.Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria.
d.Reviews.
c.Concept model You are a BA looking for a business-friendly way to communicate to the
stakeholders how their multitude of business rules and decision tables fit together. Which model
do you choose?
a.Business capability map
b.Business model canvas
c.Concept model
d.Business rules analysis
b.Focus group

Raja may want to conduct a focus group of representative personnel to obtain qualitative
feedback regarding employee satisfaction The leaders of a retail store employing
approximately 100 floor personnel have been hearing more complaints from employees during
the last three months about difficult co-workers, not enough vacation time, scheduling policies,
etc. In addition, three valuable employees have given their notice during the last two months.
Raja has been asked to evaluate employee satisfaction. The organization has no current
performance measures in place.

What technique might best serve Raja as he begins his analysis?

a.Observation
b.Focus group
c.Data mining
d.Survey or questionnaire
b.Survey or questionnaire What might be the next step?
a.Focus group
b.Survey or questionnaire
c.Observation
d.Data mining
c.It would provide a quantitative baseline from which to measure improvement. What is the
biggest benefit the chosen technique from the previous question would provide?
a.It is rapid and produces reliable results.
b.It would allow Raja to ascertain if the information elicited from the focus group was
representative of all personnel.
c.It would provide a quantitative baseline from which to measure improvement.
d.It would provide a qualitative baseline from which to measure improvement.
c.Requirements that are potential candidates for long-term use are those an organization must
meet on an ongoing basis.
Examples of these include regulatory requirements, quality standards, service level agreements
and contractual obligations. Which of the following statements is accurate about the plan
business analysis information management task?
a.The tool that is chosen to manage information only needs to store the requirements and
designs.
b.Information management entails identifying characteristics about the information that must be
reused.
c.Requirements that are potential candidates for long-term use are those an organization must
meet on an ongoing basis.
d.The purpose of this task is to ensure that requirements are accurate and current throughout the
life cycle and facilitate reuse where appropriate.
c.Used to identify risks resulting from stakeholder attitudes How is the technique of risk analysis
and management used in the plan stakeholder engagement task?
a.Used to analyze stakeholders
b.Used to identify risks associated with stakeholder activities and engagement level
c.Used to identify risks resulting from stakeholder attitudes
d.Used to identify risky stakeholders
b.Plan stakeholder engagement
Correct. Plan stakeholder engagement is the only task in the BAPM knowledge area that does not
utilize item tracking. BABOK 3.2.6 Item tracking is a technique used within all tasks of the
business analysis planning and monitoring knowledge area EXCEPT:
a.Plan business analysis governance
b.Plan stakeholder engagement
c.Plan business analysis approach
d.Identify business analysis performance improvements
b.Focus group
Correct A focus group is a means to elicit ideas and opinions about a specific product, service, or
opportunity in an interactive group environment. BABOK 4.2.6 and 10.21.1 Jerry is
working on a new product idea for his department. He needs to find out what his coworkers think
about the potential new product. What technique should Jerry use to gather his coworkers'
opinions?
a.Survey or questionnaire
b.Focus group
c.Inspection
d.Brainstorming
a.To ensure that stakeholder issues are captured, tracked, and resolved to the stakeholder's
satisfaction.
Correct This is a documented strength of item tracking. In addition, if there are that many
concerns, formally capturing them will allow stakeholders to prioritize them. BABOK 10.26.4.1
You have conducted several interviews this week for your project. Several stakeholder
concerns have come up. In fact, there are so many that your project manager suggested that you
formally document and track them. Why?
a.To ensure that stakeholder issues are captured, tracked, and resolved to the stakeholder's
satisfaction.
b.Used to ensure the help desk and support teams are kept in the loop when the resulting
production issues come up due to the problems that have been raised.
c.To ensure the results of your requirements workshops and interviews are documented.
d.As inputs to lessons learned for use in planning activities by business analysts assigned to
similar future projects.
a.Determine the approach to address the risk.
This is the next element after identification, analysis and evaluation. Gary is a lead
business analyst and he and his team are working on a project to reroute a public bike path. They
have identified, analyzed, and evaluated twenty risks on the proposed solution. What would be
the next logical step for Gary and his team?
a.Determine the approach to address the risk.
b.Assess the impact to the project should the risk occur.
c.Assess the probability of the risk occurring.
d.Risk mitigation.
d.Desired outcomes Julie is a BA working to help a business owner clarify the business need.
The business owner wants to undertake an initiative to eliminate waste throughout her division.
She says that such an initiative, which will be comprised of multiple projects, will have the
benefits of improved safety, reduced time to deliver the organization's product, and increased
customer satisfaction. The listed benefits are another way of articulating which of the following?
a.Future state description
b.The business opportunity
c.Business objectives
d.Desired outcomes
c.Verbal methods Terri has completed her first business analysis package and has to choose
the appropriate platform for communicating it to stakeholders. Which of the following is NOT a
stated communication platform?
a.Group collaboration
b.Non-verbal methods
c.Verbal methods
d.Individual collaboration
d.Provides an opportunity for stakeholders to be involved in the planning process.
This is not listed as a key strength and the matrix reflects rather than drives involvement.
BABOK 10.39.4.1 Which of the following is NOT a listed strength of developing a Roles and
Permission Matrix?
a.Provides documented roles and responsibilities for activities.
b.Promotes improved review of transaction history, in that audit logs can capture details about
any assigned authorities at the time.
c.Provides procedural checks and balances, as well as data security, by restricting individuals
from performing certain actions.
d.Provides an opportunity for stakeholders to be involved in the planning process.
b.Interviews
Interviews are used to understand impacts for a single or small group of stakeholders.
Workshops are utilized for larger groups Briggs is evaluating the implications of proposed
changes to requirements and designs. He needs to use a technique to help him gain an
understanding of the impact on the organization or its assets and only has access to a small group
of stakeholders. Which technique should Briggs use?
a.Stakeholder analysis
b.Interviews
c.Decision analysis
d.Workshops
d.Customer, Implementation SME, End User, Sponsor, Regulator, Project Manager, Domain
SME
Operational Support is not on the prioritization list of stakeholders. And PM has join Which
stakeholders participate in prioritizing requirements?
a.Customer, Implementation SME, End User, Project Manager, Supplier, Regulator, Sponsor
b.Implementation SME, End User, Domain SME, Tester, Sponsor, Regulator, Project Manager
c.Customer, Implementation SME, End User, Domain SME, Operational Support, Regulator,
Project Manager
d.Customer, Implementation SME, End User, Sponsor, Regulator, Project Manager, Domain
SME
b.Reaching agreements with stakeholders on how they will directly interact with the solution.
The technique of interface analysis is best suited for which of the following?
a.Conducting an online focus group to include members located remotely to participate.
b.Reaching agreements with stakeholders on how they will directly interact with the solution.
c.Coordinating the activities used to elicit interface requirements.
d.Understanding the various states of an entity within a system and how that entity moves from
one state to another.
c.Plan business analysis governance
A governance process identifies the decision makers, process, and information required for
making decisions. Piper is the business analyst for an initiative. The organization is
undergoing restructuring and introducing changes to the existing business analysis approach. She
has been asked to assess each proposed change. The results of her assessment must support the
decision-making and change control approaches defined by which of the following tasks?
a.Approve changes
b.Assess requirements changes
c.Plan business analysis governance
d.Business analysis performance assessment
b.Strategy analysis focuses on potential value. Where does strategy analysis fall on the
value spectrum?
a.Strategy analysis focuses on potential value, designing that value, and delivering actualized
value.
b.Strategy analysis focuses on potential value.
c.Strategy analysis focuses on potential value, defining that value, and delivering actualized
value.
d.Strategy analysis focuses on defining value for the organization.
c.Complexity and risk You are the business analyst on an initiative. Which of the following
would you consider when determining the optimal approach for conducting business analysis
activities?
a.Size of the change
b.Number of business areas affected
c.Complexity and risk
d.Geographic and cultural considerations
d.Information management approach, requirements (any state), solution scope What are all
the inputs to the define requirements architecture task?
a.Information management approach, requirements (traced), solution scope
b.Information management system, requirements (any state), solution scope
c.Information management system, requirements (traced), solution scope
d.Information management approach, requirements (any state), solution scope
c.Interviews.
Interviews can help establish relationships and build trust. You have been hired as the business
analyst and assigned to a project that has many stakeholders. You want to quickly build rapport
with the key stakeholders. Which technique would help you achieve your goal?
a.Group interview.
.b.Coffee meetings.
c.Interviews.
d.Observation.
a.The different terms are barriers to communication and both parties need to align their "mental
models" to ensure requirements are elicited properly. Develop a glossary.
A glossary defines key terms relevant to the business domain thereby promoting better
communication among all stakeholders. Assume you are working on a large, multi-cultural
project, and you have a business expert for whom English is not her native language. Some of
the business terms you use do not have the same meaning to you both, stalling progress on
eliciting her requirements. How could you effectively address this situation?
a.The different terms are barriers to communication and both parties need to align their "mental
models" to ensure requirements are elicited properly. Develop a glossary.
b.Document her requirements using her terms and then ask another expert in that business
domain to confirm them to ensure understanding.
c.The key stakeholder does not realize she is using the wrong terms, and you need to correct her
in order to gather her requirements.
d.Respectfully end the interview and seek requirements from another expert in that business
domain.
a.Transition states and release planning
Transition states and release planning is an element in the define change strategy task that speaks
to the method and life cycle by which the solution could be delivered. Which of the
following best identifies the method and life cycle by which a solution may be delivered?
a.Transition states and release planning
b.Enterprise architecture
c.Change strategy
d.Solution scope
a.Jerry is correct. He is performing document analysis
Document analysis is an examination of the documentation of an existing system in order to
elicit requirements. Reviewing even just one document qualifies as performing the technique.
Document analysis has no specific documents prescribed. One of Jerry's coworkers stops by his
desk and asks him what he is doing. Jerry says that he is performing document analysis by
reviewing the procedure manual that was given to him by his stakeholder. Jerry's coworker states
that he is not performing document analysis unless he also reviews the statement of work, a
manual created by another stakeholder, and the customer suggestion log. Who is right, Jerry or
his coworker - which of the following best describes the situation?
a.Jerry is correct. He is performing document analysis.
b.Neither is correct. Jerry is preparing for elicitation.
c.Jerry's coworker is correct. Jerry is not performing document analysis.
d.Jerry is partially correct. If he reviews the other available manual he will be performing
document analysis.
d.Observation
Observation would allow Bill to gain insight about how work is currently done, possibly by
different designers and in different circumstances. Bill is a BA on a project charged with
enhancing the current software used by design architects to reduce cycle time of design
production. Bill is unfamiliar with the software and the work products of the architects. Which of
the following techniques would be best for Bill to use to become familiar with the current system
as quickly as possible?
a.Process modeling
b.Interview
c.Workshops
d.Observation
b.Lexie needs to engage stakeholders to ensure they understand the information being
communicated and that email is an effective mode of communication. Lexi is
communicating business analysis information to resource managers via email every Monday as
per the stakeholder engagement approach. Lexi is frequently contacted by several of those same
resource managers asking her about information that was already emailed. What should Lexi do
to resolve this breakdown in communication?
a.Begin scheduling weekly conference calls to provide a forum for follow-up discussion.
b.Lexie needs to engage stakeholders to ensure they understand the information being
communicated and that email is an effective mode of communication.
c.Refer the resource managers to the email.
d.Replace the emails with weekly meetings with minutes that can be referenced after the
meeting.
b.Track the identified problem to be sure it is resolved.

Christine needs to determine why incorrect information is being entered. However, before
analyzing the cause, Christine needs to track the problem. As a BA who recently worked on an
effort to improve one of the sales processes in her organization, Christine received a number of
inquiries from the call center about issues with the automated Daily Sales by Region reports.
Although no new automation accompanied the change in process, she was asked to look into the
issue. Christine's analysis showed that one of the sales assistants was inputting incorrect
information into the system. What should Christine do next?
a.Model the sales data to ensure that accurate data is being entered.
b.Track the identified problem to be sure it is resolved.
c.Conduct a requirements workshop to analyze the sales process.
d.Analyze the automated system to see if incorrect information could be edited out so it is not
allowed to be entered into the system.
c.Non-verbal, verbal, listening

BABOK 9.4 Communication is the key to becoming an effective business analyst; there are
various core competencies that define an effective communicator. Which of the following
competencies is are included in the communication category in the BABOK?
a.Verbal, interaction, listening
b.Listening, written, interaction
c.Non-verbal, verbal, listening
d.Written, verbal, interaction
a.Existing indicators can't be considered reliable because they aren't collected frequently enough.

While valid, quality metrics must also be reliable and timely. BABOK 10.28.3.3 Jake is
evaluating an existing solution. He determines that the existing metrics can't be considered
quality indicators and recommends modifications. He adds in his report that he does, however,
consider them valid. What could lead Jake to his conclusion?
a.Existing indicators can't be considered reliable because they aren't collected frequently enough.
b.The environment has changed and so the existing indicators aren't reliable.
c.Stakeholder expectations have changed and so the existing indicators aren't reliable.
d.There seemingly aren't "key" performance indicators which every solution is required to have.
c.Complete agreement is necessary for a successful change, but if there is a lack of agreement,
the associated risks are to be identified and managed accordingly.

Complete agreement may not be necessary for a successful change. BABOK 5.5.4.3 The
following statements are true about obtaining agreement and approval of requirements and
designs for business analysis work to continue and/or solution construction to proceed. Which
one is NOT true?
a.Business analysts obtain approval by reviewing the requirements or changes to requirements
with the accountable individuals or groups and requesting that they approve, indicating their
agreement with the solution or designs described.
b.Approval may confirm that stakeholders believe that sufficient value will be created for the
organization to justify investment in a solution.
c.Complete agreement is necessary for a successful change, but if there is a lack of agreement,
the associated risks are to be identified and managed accordingly.
d.Business analysts are responsible for ensuring that the stakeholders with approval authority
understand and accept the requirements.
d.Benchmarking.
Benchmarking requires a business analyst do the named activities. BABOK 10.4.3.1. Cara is
carrying out and analysis to increase customer satisfaction, and increase value to stakeholders.
She has identified the area to be studied, identified organizations that are leaders in the sector,
conducted a survey of selected organizations to understand their practices, and visited the best-
in-class organizations. She is now developing a project proposal to implement the best practices.
What technique is Cara utilizing?
a.Organization modeling.
b.Metrics and key performance indicators.
c.Surveys and questionnaires.
d.Benchmarking.
c.Associations

BABOK 10.47.3 What are relationships between actors and use cases called?
a.Extensions
b.Inclusions
c.Associations
d.Interactions
c.The value on investment.
The question is asking about financial analysis; this response is referring to the intangible
benefits which either can't be or are difficult to quantify. These considerations would be included
in the business case. BABOK 10.7.3.3 Tomas is performing a financial analysis of the
potential value of each design option in order to establish which one is most appropriate to meet
the enterprise's requirements. Which of the following would he NOT consider?
a.Ongoing costs of using the solution and supporting the solution.
b.Ongoing risks to business value of using that solution.
c.The value on investment.
d.Initial cost and the time frame in which those costs are incurred.
b.If the Matrix contains too much detail it can be time-consuming and not provide value; too
little detail can exclude necessary roles or responsibilities. There are limitations relating to the
use of a roles and permission matrix that need to be addressed. Which of the following is a
limitation that will need to be addressed when developing this artifact?
a.Stakeholders may not abide by the permissions documented on the Matrix.
b.If the Matrix contains too much detail it can be time-consuming and not provide value; too
little detail can exclude necessary roles or responsibilities.
c.Various stakeholders may be overlooked and therefore permissions for various activities may
not be granted.
d.Stakeholders may not be familiar with the Roles and Permission Matrix and so may not use it.
a.It can be used to sequence the potential value How can backlog management be helpful
when analyzing and recommending a solution?
a.It can be used to sequence the potential value
b.It can be used to determine the expected cost
c.It can be used to determine the expected benefits
d.It can be used to determine potential value
a.Draw a diagram of the process
Participants must first have a foundation for process analysis and that is what a process model
would provide.
Process models provide a basis for process analysis which is what the scenario is describing.
BABOK 10.35.1 and 10.35.2 You are conducting a workshop to come up with ideas on how to
solve the issue of delays in the billing process. Which one of the following would be a suggested
starting point?
a.Draw a diagram of the process
b.Describe the current process
c.Brainstorm potential solutions
d.Identify potential root causes for the delays
c.Industry Knowledge is one component of Business Knowledge. Which of the following
accurately describes the difference between business knowledge and industry knowledge?
a.Business knowledge is one component of industry knowledge. There are several further
components of business knowledge including understanding and providing value and the context
(business climate) in which organizations function.
b.Business Knowledge and Industry Knowledge are fundamentally the same. Both require
fundamental understanding of the principles surrounding the context in which business analysis
work is done.
c.Industry Knowledge is one component of Business Knowledge.
d.Business Knowledge requires an understanding of fundamental business principles while
Industry Knowledge requires an understanding of the market context surrounding the business.
analysis work
a.Value chain, business process, sub-process, activity, task
Process traceability begins with value chain which is decomposed down to tasks. BABOK Figure
5.1.1 Which of the following is a representation of process traceability?
a.Value chain, business process, sub-process, activity, task
b.Plan, analyze, design, code, test, implement
c.Business needs, business requirements, stakeholder requirements, solution requirements
d.Business process, sub-process, activity, task
d.Data Modeling Which of the following is an example of a technique to help maintain
requirements?
a.Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria
b.Business Constraint Analysis
c.Item Tracking
d.Data Modeling
a.Understand the vendor's pricing model and note that any scope creep on the project will be a
risk and must be managed as such. Shirin has been engaged as a Business Analyst in an IT
transformation project. While discussing the stakeholder analysis and engagement approach with
the Project Manager, they have informed Shirin that since the vendor for this project is using a
fixed-price model, the vendor team will be reluctant to do extra work if there is any scope creep
during the execution of this project. As a Business Analyst what should Shirin do as a immediate
next step?
a.Understand the vendor's pricing model and note that any scope creep on the project will be a
risk and must be managed as such.
b.Suggest that the Project Manager review the vendor's pricing model and ask the vendor to
change their pricing model to avoid the risk of scope creep.
c.Have a discussion with the Sponsor about the vendor's pricing model and the potential scope
creep risk.
d.Plan to elicit scope and requirements early to avoid any scope creep.
a.The Project Manager should ensure that appropriate stakeholders and other physical resources
are available for the elicitation session. Preeti, a business analyst, has been working on a
project to develop a foot-bridge across a major avenue in one of the busiest roadway junctions in
Sydney, Australia. Preeti is in the initial phase of the project and is planning how to collect
requirements from the stakeholders identified so far. Kelly, the Project Manager is checking in
with Preeti to see if everything is in track or if she is facing any challenges or road blockage. At
this stage of the project, how can a Kelly help Preeti move forward in her work?
a.The Project Manager should ensure that appropriate stakeholders and other physical resources
are available for the elicitation session.
b.The Project Manager should identify the risks involved in the requirement elicitation activity
and create mitigation and contingency plan.
c.The Project Manager should allocate appropriate funds to conduct business analysis activities
properly.
d.The Project Manager should work with the Sponsor to determine if all relevant stakeholders
have been identified before the requirement elicitation activity starts.
a.Priority, source, status, urgency
the attributes: complexity, absolute reference, risks, author, source, stability, ownership, urgency,
priority, status. BABOK 3.4.4.6 Which of the following lists contain valid requirements
attributes?
a.Priority, source, status, urgency
b.Performance, interface, quality glossary
c.Author, source, class, complexity
d.Unambiguous, testable, complete, understandable
c.Business analysis performance assessment
The BA performance assessment not only includes results, variances, and root causes, it also
documents proposed approaches to effectively address performance issues. BABOK 3.5.8In
which artifact would the proposed approaches to address issues be found?
a.Item tracking
b.Business analysis issue log
c.Business analysis performance assessment
d.Information management approach
a.Parent-child, supplier-consumer, function-responsibility Samantha is a BA who wants to
ensure the scope model she is creating is comprehensive. In order to ensure the integrity of her
model she is exploring the dependencies between elements in the model. Which of the follow
diagramming techniques will support her objective?
a.Parent-child, supplier-consumer, function-responsibility
b.Cause-effect, supplier-demand, emergent
c.Emerging, recursive, parent-child
d.Scope decomposition, functional decomposition, composition-subset
d.Through active listening
Active listening incudes summarizing and repeating what was stated in different terms in order to
ensure that both the listener and speaker have a common understanding - which is the description
of paraphrasing. BABOK 9.4.4.2 Sam is using paraphrasing as a means of confirming
elicitation results. How can paraphrasing can be achieved?
a.Use of a different communication medium
b.Asking the sender to resend the message but using different terms
c.Repetition of exactly what was said
d.Through active listening
b.Change strategy
An organizational readiness assessment includes an impact analysis which results in a change
strategy. BABOK 3.2.5 Which of the following guidelines/tools is used for improved
assessment of stakeholder impact and the development of more effective stakeholder
engagement strategies?
a.Business analysis performance assessment
b.Change strategy
c.Business policies
d.Methodologies and frameworks
a.Backlog management
Applies to prioritization of requirements not maintaining requirements. BABOK 5.3.6 Which
of the following techniques are NOT applicable when a business analyst is maintaining
requirements?
a.Backlog management
b.Business rules analysis
c.Data modeling
d.Data flow diagrams
c.Can communicate the criticality or urgency of a situation in a calm, rational manner. What
is an effectiveness measure of verbal communication skills?
a.Appropriate choice of words.
b.Use different methods to communicate information to be learned by stakeholders.
c.Can communicate the criticality or urgency of a situation in a calm, rational manner.
d.Ensuring that participants in a discussion correctly understand one another's positions.
d.Job shadowing.
This is not an approach. It is another name for observation. BABOK 10.31.2 Which of the
following is NOT an approach for observation?
a.Active.
b.Unnoticeable.
c.Passive.
d.Job shadowing.
a.Research
Research involves systematically discovering and studying information from materials or sources
that are not directly known by stakeholders to identify trends or past results. Stakeholders can
still participate in the research. BABOK 4.2.2 Monique is analyzing historical data to
identify information relevant to her current project. Which type of elicitation is Monique
utilizing?
a.Research
b.Collaborative
c.Document analysis
d.Experiments
a.The model will provide Beau with understanding of how the strategic objectives of the
organization are aligned with tactical demands and activities in the current state of the enterprise.

A reference model called "eTOM" is utilized within communication industries to model business
architecture. BABOK Table 11.4.1 Beau is a BA working on a telecommunications project.
The business architect gives him a reference model called "eTOM", commonly used in the
communications sector. What value might this have for Beau?
a.The model will provide Beau with understanding of how the strategic objectives of the
organization are aligned with tactical demands and activities in the current state of the enterprise.
b.The model will provide Beau with information regarding how work is currently performed and
the information required to complete work.
c.The model will provide Beau with an understanding of how the organization currently delivers
value to customers.
d.It will have little value to Beau as he is focused on Information Technology.
a.Evaluating knowledge-based activities. Which of the following activities is NOT suitable
for eliciting information using the observation technique?
a.Evaluating knowledge-based activities.
b.Recommendations for improvement supported by objective and quantitative evidence.
c.Eliciting information when there is no written documentation.
d.Informal tasks and workaround identification.
d.Regulator
A regulator will want to ensure all compliance standards have been followed. BABOK 5.4.7
You are the business analyst for an on-line billing systems project. You have worked
with several stakeholders that need different types of information related to assessing
requirements changes. Which stakeholder would care the most about adherence to compliance
standards?
a.Tester
b.Operational Support
c.Project Manager
d.Regulator
a.Decision matrices
Since each option is being scored, the team is most likely using a weighted decision matrix.
BABOK 10.16.3.2 The project team has identified several design options. They need to
evaluate and compare these options to one another to recommend one option for the solution.
The team is using criteria to score each option. Which method is the team employing?
a.Decision matrices
b.Trade-offs
c.Decision indicator
d.Decision trees
d.SWOT analysis
This technique is not associated with the prioritize requirements task. BABOK 5.3.6 All but
one of the following techniques is used when prioritizing requirements. Which of the following
is NOT a technique used when prioritizing requirements?
a.Financial analysis
b.Workshops
c.Item tracking
d.SWOT analysis
b.Internal rate of return. Megan has been asked to determine if the change, solution or
solution approach the company wants to pursue is worth investing in. She compares a certain
calculation of one solution or solution approach to a minimum threshold that the organization
expects to earn from its investments, called the hurdle rate. From the above information, which
financial calculation is Megan using?
a.Expected hurdle rate (EHR).
b.Internal rate of return.
c.Net present value (NPV).
d.Return on investment (ROI).
b.The Business Analyst could have confirmed the elicitation results right after any elicitation
activities to ensure they were accurate.
Elicited information should be confirmed to identify and resolve any gaps or problems before
resources are committed to use this information. BABOK 4.3.2 You are a Business Analyst
working on a project to upgrade the current billing system. After eliciting all the requirements
from relevant stakeholders, you set up a meeting with solution team to explain the new
functionality requested and to review the changes needed to the existing functionality. In this
meeting with developers, you discover that some requirements will not work with the current
system functionality and you find inconsistencies and gaps in the requirements. As a Business
Analyst, what could you have done to avoid these issues earlier in the process?
a.The Business Analyst could have involved development team in elicitation activities.
b.The Business Analyst could have confirmed the elicitation results right after any elicitation
activities to ensure they were accurate.
c.The Business Analyst could have studied the current system functionalities well before
eliciting requirements.
d.The Business Analyst could have questioned the right SMEs or knowledgeable stakeholders
who had understood the system functionality.
c.Specify and model requirements
"Business analysts may choose to perform this task themselves and then separately package and
communicate the requirements to stakeholders for their review and approval, or they might
choose to invite some or all stakeholders to participate in this task." BABOK 7.1.7 Early
identification and involvement of people, groups, or organizations that may impact or be
impacted by a project is critical for the project success. Business analysts may choose to perform
this task themselves and then separately package and communicate the requirements to the
impacted/impacting people for review. Which task is this?
a.Define requirements architecture
b.All tasks
c.Specify and model requirements
d.Define design options
a.Define the area of interest, determine time limit, identify participants, and establish evaluation
criteria.
These steps are correct. BABOK Figure 10.5.1 Nelson is a business analyst who is
preparing for a workshop in which he is planning on using brainstorming as a way to identify
solution options. Which of the following lists the steps in the preparation phase of a
brainstorming session?
a.Define the area of interest, determine time limit, identify participants, and establish evaluation
criteria.
b.Determine the purpose, develop the agenda, invite participants, and schedule the meeting
facility.
c.Determine the purpose, develop the agenda topics with time limits, determine roles and
responsibilities, invite participants.
d.Determine the objective, develop the agenda topics with time limits, invite participants, and
schedule the meeting facility.
c.Implementation subject matter expert Prioritization is a critical exercise that seeks to
ensure the maximum value is achieved from a change. As a business analyst, you might engage
the following stakeholders to verify that the prioritized requirements will deliver value from a
customer or end-user perspective. Which stakeholder are you LEAST likely to engage?
a.Customer
b.Sponsor
c.Implementation subject matter expert
d.End user
c.Decision, information, knowledge What are the three key elements involved in all decision
modeling approaches?
a.Inputs, information, outputs
b.Outputs, information, knowledge
c.Decision, information, knowledge
d.Inputs, information, knowledge
c.Implementation subject matter expert Gieson works at an IT shop in Toronto. He uses
requirements (maintained) when developing regression tests and conducting impact analysis for
an enhancement. What type of stakeholder is Gieson?
a.Operational support
b.Tester
c.Implementation subject matter expert
d.Domain subject matter expert
c.Risk analysis and management
Risk analysis and management identifies and analyzes risks associated with changes. BABOK
5.4.6 As business analyst for an initiative, you are evaluating the implications of proposed
changes to requirements and designs. Which technique would you use to determine the level of
risk associated with the changes?
a.Root cause analysis
b.Risk identification
c.Risk analysis and management
d.Workshops
b.Influencers.
Informal lines of authority, influence, and communication not reflected in formal organizational
charts. BABOK 10.32.3.5 and BABOK 10.32.4.2 Marie is using organizational charts as her
primary tool for beginning organizational modeling to understand roles, responsibilities, and
reporting structures that exist in her organization. Which of the following information would be
MOST difficult to find using this tool?
a.Line of reporting.
b.Influencers.
c.Organizational units.
d.Roles and people.
d.Business need for the project Sameera has been engaged as a Business Analyst on the
railway track design project for monorail in Toronto, Canada. She is currently planning for the
approaches she will take to take to perform various business analysis activities. What is key
driving factor when considering the business analysis approach selection?
a.Stakeholders preferred approach
b.Organizational Standards for business analysis
c.Project specific standards for business analysis
d.Business need for the project
d.Observe the process
Observing is an appropriate technique to uncover missing requirements or confirm information.
BABOK 10.31.3 Torii conducted a workshop with domain subject matter experts to
understand and subsequently document an in-scope business process. Although the SMEs
approved the process flow, Torii feels there is a gap or two between confirmed process steps.
Which elicitation method will be most effective in discovering and closing the gaps or
confirming the process steps?
a.Trust that the documented and confirmed information is correct
b.Schedule another workshop and discuss the potential gaps you discovered
c.Interview the SMEs individually
d.Observe the process
c.Stakeholder analysis
Stakeholder analysis is not listed as a technique that might be used to support the prioritization of
requirements. BABOK 5.3.6 Which one of the following is NOT a technique used to prioritize
requirements?
a.Estimation
b.Financial analysis
c.Stakeholder analysis
d.Item tracking
a.Business analysis performance assessment, business policies, current state description,
legal/regulatory information.
These are the guidelines and tools used in the plan business analysis governance task. BABOK
3.3.5 Guidelines and tools included in the plan business analysis governance task include
which of the following?
a.Business analysis performance assessment, business policies, current state description,
legal/regulatory information.
b.Business analysis performance assessment, change strategy, current state description,
legal/regulatory information.
c.Business analysis performance assessment, business policies, current state description.
d.Business analysis performance assessment, business policies, change strategy, current state
description, legal/regulatory information.
b.Identify Solution Validation Criteria. Jonathan is the business analyst on an effort and is
validating requirements. Which one of the following activities would Jonathan NOT be
performing?
a.Evaluate Alignment with Solution Scope.
b.Identify Solution Validation Criteria.
c.Define Measurable Evaluation Criteria.
d.Identify Assumptions.
b.Proposed change
Proposed change, designs, and requirements are all inputs into the Assess Requirements Change
task. BABOK 5.4.3 Which of the following is an input into assess requirements changes?
a.Traced constraints
b.Proposed change
c.Traced design
d.Traced needs
b.Requirements attributes
Requirements attributes allow BAs to associate information with individual or related groups of
requirements. BABOK 3.4.4.6 A business analyst intern wants to be able to make trade-
offs between requirements, identify stakeholders affected by potential changes, and understand
the effect of a proposed change. Where would you advise the intern to look for this information?
a.Traceability document
b.Requirements attributes
c.Business policies document
d.Repository
a.Stakeholder Impact Analysis.
All of these techniques would give insight to which stakeholder groups (roles) are impacted by a
solution and in what way. BABOK 8.4.4.2 When would the techniques of process modeling,
observation, workshops, document analysis, and organizational modeling have the most value
when assessing enterprise-related obstacles to realizing solution value?
a.Stakeholder Impact Analysis.
b.Enterprise Culture Assessment.
c.Assess Solution Limitations.
d.Assess Enterprise Limitations.
a.They represent areas of specific business analysis expertise that encompass several tasks.
Which of the following is true about knowledge areas?
a.They represent areas of specific business analysis expertise that encompass several tasks.
b.They comprise the business analysis project life cycle.
c.They represent or correlate to project phases.
d.They provide a methodology for completing business analysis work.
c.Requirements allocation
Requirements allocation is the process of assigning requirements to solution components and
releases to best achieve the objectives and is a consideration in Define Design Options. BABOK
7.5.4.3 Rebecca is structuring the requirements to ensure all requirements form a single whole
that supports overall business objectives and produce meaningful outcome for the stakeholders.
Which of the following would NOT be a consideration for Rebecca?
a.Completeness
b.Template architectures
c.Requirements allocation
d.Requirements viewpoints and views
c.Transcend
Transfer is a strategy, but not transcend. BABOK 10.38.3.4 All of the following are approaches
for dealing with risks EXCEPT for which of the following?
a.Avoid
b.Mitigate
c.Transcend
d.Accept
c.Business objectives, current state description, solution scope
These are the guidelines and tools for the Recommend Actions to Increase Solution Value task
which Brenda will be performing next. BABOK 8.5.5 Brenda has completed her
assessment of the solution limitations and the enterprise limitations following analysis of
performance measures. What Guidelines and Tools will she use in her next task?
a.Current state description, solution scope, change strategy
b.Business objectives, current state description
c.Business objectives, current state description, solution scope
d.Business objective, change strategy, solution scope
b.Business cases
In addition to the things listed in the question, a business case would outline any particular
uncertainties regarding elements of the possible need or solution. BABOK 3.1.6 and 10.7
Graham, the lead business analyst on an effort, is in the process of defining the business
analysis approach. He wants to choose an approach that will provide adequate analysis for the
change. In order to understand the characteristics of the change such as time-sensitivity, value of
the change, assumptions, and risk and constraints, which technique would be helpful?
a.SWOT analysis
b.Business cases
c.Document analysis
d.Brainstorming
c.As inputs into prioritization of investments
By understanding capabilities' performance and "gaps", the business can strategically determine
where to invest to improve capabilities. BABOK 10.6.2 In a business capability analysis, a
business analyst will work with a team to identify the business' capabilities along with assessing
them for performance and risks. How is this information used by the business?
a.As inputs into employee development plan.
b.As inputs into a capability map
c.As inputs into prioritization of investments
d.As inputs into strategic planning
c.The findings must be applied to both the transition and future states.
Gap analysis identifies the differences between current state and future state capabilities and
need to be addressed in the transition and future states. BABOK 6.4.4.2 Peggy is applying her
findings of the gap analysis to the solution scope and change strategy. What should she keep in
mind during this exercise?
a.That the gap analysis findings may have to be allocated to various releases defined in the
project scope.
b.That the same techniques should be used to describe the current and future states to simplify
the comparison.
c.The findings must be applied to both the transition and future states.
d.The most timely way to acquire new capabilities so the business can realize value as quickly as
possible.
d.Waterfall
This is not a stated perspective. BABOK 1.4.6 Business analysis can be performed from a
diverse array of perspectives. Which of the following is NOT a perspective outlined in the
BABOK?
a.Business process management
b.Agile
c.Business intelligence
d.Waterfall
c.Sheela should explore any relevant supporting documents available in the organization and
determine what to collect from stakeholders.
Not help her prepare the stakeholders who will attend the elicitation session. Sheela has
been working on a project to upgrade a cross-border money transfer system due to new
regulations. For this project, Sheela will need to collaborate with a number of government
officials to understand the relevant parts of the new regulation, its scope, any exceptions, penalty
limits for non-compliance and other relevant information in the given context. Which of the
following is not an activity that would help to prepare government stakeholders for the
requirements elicitation session?
a.Sheela should educate the stakeholders on any elicitation techniques they are unfamiliar with
that will be used in the elicitation session.
b.Sheela should send out a meeting agenda to relevant stakeholders well before the elicitation
session.
c.Sheela should explore any relevant supporting documents available in the organization and
determine what to collect from stakeholders.
d.Sheela should share any relevant supporting documents to the stakeholders before the
requirement elicitation session
b.Any elicitation results
BABOK 7.1.3 Which of the following best describes what is needed in order to specify and
model requirements?
a.A business analyst
b.Any elicitation results
c.Requirements
d.Modeling tools
a.Business goal
A business goal is a statement of a state or condition that an organization is seeking to establish
and maintain. BABOK 6.2.4.1 An organization seeks to increase employee satisfaction
within the next year. What is this an example of?
a.Business goal
b.Business requirement
c.Potential value
d.Business objective
d.Domain knowledge
Knowledge of and expertise in the business domain is needed to assess proposed requirements
changes. BABOK 5.4.5 Susan is in the process of evaluating the implications of proposed
changes to requirements and designs. She consults with knowledgeable stakeholders to fully
understand the proposed change in relationship to the business. Which guideline is Susan
observing?
a.Impact analysis
b.Solution scope
c.Requirements architecture
d.Domain knowledge
b.Validate
This relationship does determine whether a solution fulfills a requirement by tracing a
requirement to a test case or other element that could provide validation. BABOK 5.1.4.2 Hartley
is in the process of defining the requirements traceability approach. She has defined the
relationship between a requirement and a test case and other elements that determine whether a
solution fulfills the requirement. What type of relationship has Hartley defined?
a.Authenticate
b.Validate
c.Derive
d.Satisfy
a.Functional decomposition Which of these techniques is NOT applicable in assessing
requirement changes?
a.Functional decomposition
b.Risk analysis and management
c.Workshops
d.Estimation
d.Discuss and evaluate, create list, rate ideas, distribute final list

These are the four activities included in the "wrap - up" element of a brainstorming session.
BABOK Figure 10.5.1 and 10.5.3 Clair is wrapping up a brainstorming session. Which of the
following activities are included in that element?
a.Share ideas, create list, rate ideas, distribute final list
b.Discuss and evaluate, record ideas, rate ideas, and distribute the final list
c.Discuss and evaluate, share ideas, create list, and distribute final list
d.Discuss and evaluate, create list, rate ideas, distribute final list
b.Scope of control Scope models provide the basis for understanding several types of
boundaries. Which of the following terms describes the scope of roles and responsibilities, what
is being analyzed, and what is internal and external to the organization?
a.Scope of solution
b.Scope of control
c.Scope of need
d.Scope of change
a.Business rules analysis, scope modeling, process modeling, and functional decomposition
All are valid techniques used for tracing requirements. BABOK 5.1.6 Which of the
following are the techniques that are used to trace requirements?
a.Business rules analysis, scope modeling, process modeling, and functional decomposition
b.Process modeling, functional decomposition, scope validation, and prototyping
c.Business rules decomposition, scope validation, process modeling, and functional analysis
d.Data modeling, process modeling, and functional decomposition
d.A strategic goal A key performance indicator (KPI) measures progress toward which of the
following?
a.Baseline data
b.A metric
c.Targeted metric
d.A strategic goal
d.Market-oriented.

b.Product-oriented. Incorrect Made up answer. There is no such organizational model in

BABOK. You work for a client-focused company that sells numerous products to targeted
customer segments. Which organizational model might best fit the company's needs?
a.Matrix model.
b.Product-oriented.
c.Functionally-oriented.
d.Market-oriented.
a.Designs
This is one of the inputs of Approve Requirements. BABOK 5.5.3 Which of the following is an
input to gaining approval of requirements?
a.Designs
b.Traced constraints
c.Traced requirements
d.Verified needs
b.An enterprise can contain one or more organizations What is the key difference between
an enterprise and an organization according to the BABOK?
a.The terms are synonymous and can be used interchangeably
b.An enterprise can contain one or more organizations
c.An organization can contain one or more enterprises
d.An enterprise is a group of people working towards a common goal
a.Prototypes, surveys, workshops, and brainstorming
All of these techniques are cited as providing quick elicitation of requirements. Workshops will
take time to set up but during the workshop session there will be rapid development of
requirements. BABOK 4.2.6 Connie has just received notice that her project has a new deadline,
and that she needs to quickly elicit several requirements for it. Which of the following techniques
would Connie want to choose to enable her to meet the deadline?
a.Prototypes, surveys, workshops, and brainstorming
b.Focus groups, observation, workshops, and brainstorming
c.Prototypes, surveys, document analysis, and brainstorming
d.Interviews, surveys, workshops, and brainstorming
b.Maintain the relationships among requirements, sets of requirements, and associated business
analysis information.

Performing these tasks ensures the context and original intent of the requirement is preserved.
BABOK 5.2.4.1 To ensure the context and original intent of the requirement is preserved,
business analysts do which of the following?
a.Rank requirements to determine their relative importance to stakeholders.
b.Maintain the relationships among requirements, sets of requirements, and associated business
analysis information.
c.Ensure the integrity of requirements by storing them in secure repositories.
d.Identify and maintain backward and forward traceability of requirements.
d.Elicitation and collaboration focus only on requirements elicitation. Which of the
following statements about elicitation and collaboration is NOT true?
a.Elicitation activities may trigger additional elicitation.
b.Elicitation and collaboration can be planned, unplanned, or both.
c.Elicitation and collaboration are ongoing activities and focus upon all types of business
analysis information.
d.Elicitation and collaboration focus only on requirements elicitation.
a.Who? What? Why?
Note that there is no mandatory structure for User Stories. This structure ("role, goal,
motivation") is the most popular. BABOK 10.48.3 What are the three typical components of a
user story?
a.Who? What? Why?
b.Who? What? When?
c.Who? What? How?
d.What? When? Why?
b.Assess requirement changes
Jen will have to assess the requirement changes. BABOK 5.4.1 & 2 Jen is experiencing a
lot of changes with some of the requirements that she has received from her stakeholders. Which
task will be needed to be enacted by Jen?
a.Approve requirements
b.Assess requirement changes
c.Prioritize requirements
d.Notify the Project Manager
c.Developing a business case.

A business case includes a feasibility analysis for identified alternatives. BABOK 10.7.3.1
Darryl is working with a team of stakeholders to assess the feasibility of several
brainstormed solutions. What is Darryl and his team most like doing?
a.Refining the solution scope.
b.Identifying non-functional requirements.
c.Developing a business case.
d.Identifying non-financial benefits of the brainstormed solutions.
d.Item identifier, summary, category, type, date identified, identified by, impact, priority,
resolution date, owner, resolver, agreed strategy, status, resolution updates, escalation matrix.

Don't have structure or escalation Which set represents the attributes of items recorded for
tracking?
a.Item identifier, metrics, category, type, date identified, identified by, impact, priority,
resolution date, owner, resolver, agreed strategy, status, resolution updates, escalation matrix.
b.Item identifier, summary, category, type, date identified, identified by, impact, priority,
resolution date, owner, resolver, agreed strategy, status, resolution updates, structure, escalation
matrix.
c.Item identifier, summary, category, type, date identified, identified by, impact, priority,
resolution date, owner, resolver, agreed strategy, status, resolution updates, escalation matrix,
evaluation.
d.Item identifier, summary, category, type, date identified, identified by, impact, priority,
resolution date, owner, resolver, agreed strategy, status, resolution updates, escalation matrix.
d.Implementation subject matter expert, operational support, supplier

This is the subset of the stakeholder list for Define Design Options task. BABOK 7.5.7 Which
subset of stakeholders are likely to participate in the define design options task?
a.Operational support, project manager, end user
b.Implementation subject matter expert, regulator, domain subject matter expert
c.Operational support, domain subject matter expert, sponsor
d.Implementation subject matter expert, operational support, supplier
d.Used to help identify features of the product being described During a workshop,
participants are constructing a container for the product as if it was being sold in a retail store.
They are being asked to identify what future users of the product would find beneficial.

For the above Scenario, please answer question 1 of 2 below: In the above scenario, what is the
purpose of the game?
a.Used to identify hidden assumptions or perspectives
b.Used as an input to the marketing plan by product managementc
.Used to help identify related or similar features or themes
d.Used to help identify features of the product being described
c.Product box During a workshop, participants are constructing a container for the product as if
it was being sold in a retail store. They are being asked to identify what future users of the
product would find beneficial.

For the above Scenario, please answer question 2 of 2 below: What is the name of the
collaboration technique being used?
a.Fishbowl
b.Affinity map
c.Product box
d.Remember the future
a. Open-ended questions
Open-ended questions provide a way to begin a dialogue and uncover information such as a
series of steps taken to complete a task. Walking through a process step-by-step could help
uncover tacit business rules. BABOK 10.25.3.3 Patricia has been assigned to the project
charged with documenting the enterprise business rules from sources, expressing them clearly,
validating them with stakeholders, refining them to best align with business goals, and
organizing them so they can be effectively managed. Some business rules may be tacit (for
example, undocumented stakeholder know-how). What type of questions could Patricia use to
uncover these types of business rules?
a.Open-ended questions
b.Unstructured questions
c.Close-ended questions
d.Structured questions
a.Sequence diagram
This is the technique being described in this question and is used in the specify and model
requirements task. BABOK 7.1.6 and 10.42 What kind of diagram is used in the specify and
model requirements task to show how processes or objects interact during a scenario by showing
the information passed between them?
a.Sequence diagram
b.Activity diagram
c.Context diagram
d.Process diagram
b.Feasibility
Feasibility is one of the factors for assessing alternatives. Logic might also help you find this
answer since business cases typically involve feasibility of alternatives. BABOK 10.7.3.3 A
business case identifies and assesses alternative solutions. Each alternative solution being
considered should be assessed in terms of which of the following?
a.Benefits Incorrect Benefits are an integral part of Financial Analysis. BABOK 10.20.2 and
10.20.3.4
b.FeasibilityCorrectFeasibility is one of the factors for assessing alternatives. Logic might also
help you find this answer since business cases typically involve feasibility of alternatives.
BABOK 10.7.3.3
c.Costs of the change
d.Strategic value
b.A repository
The scenario is asking for a tool to store and track the artifacts which is the primary purpose for a
repository, which is a guideline/tool for the requirements life cycle management knowledge area.
BABOK 5.1.5 You are the business analyst in an agile initiative that has several artifacts being
produced within a sprint. Your manager has asked you to manage the releases by creating a tool
to store and track the artifacts that are under review and to post them once approved, for the
downstream consumers. What are you likely to create?
a.information management approach Incorrect This is an approach that indicates how
requirements will be managed for reuse.
b.A repository
c.User story
d.A Kanban board
a.Acceptance and evaluation criteria
This technique is used to identify what may make the future state acceptable and/or how options
may be evaluated. BABOK 6.2.6 and 10.1 Chase has been busy defining the future state for
review and approval by the sponsor and the steering team. The sponsor sent him an email asking
him to include a recommendation of conditions or criteria to score future state change strategies
for purposes of prioritization. Which of the following techniques will Chase use to complete this
request?
a.Acceptance and evaluation criteria
b.Decision analysis
c.SWOT analysis
d.Decision modelling
d.To rate the ability of a vendor to meet commitments regarding the delivery and the consistent
provision of a product or service.
BABOK 10.49.1 What is the purpose of conducting a vendor assessment?
a.To assess vendors' pricing model and expertise level to provide assurance that the product or
service will meet organizational expectations.
b.To rate the ability of a vendor to meet the organization's terms and conditions associated with
the delivery of the product or service.
c.To assess vendors' pricing and staffing models to provide assurance that the product or service
will meet organizational expectations.
d.To rate the ability of a vendor to meet commitments regarding the delivery and the consistent
provision of a product or service.
c.Risk averse
With risk-aversion, there is an unwillingness to accept much uncertainty. BABOK 6.3.4.4Which
of the following types of risk tolerance would be most likely to need a risk mitigation strategy?
a.Risk-seeking
b.Risk transferring
c.Risk averse
d.Neutrality
a.Data Model
To provide needed flexibility in managing accounts and statements, a data model is essential for
structuring the data needed to accomplish it. Given the business rules and relationships presented
in the case study, a data model is needed to capture them. "It visually represents the elements that
are important to the business, the attributes associated with those elements, and the significant
relationships among them. Data models are frequently used in elicitation and requirements
analysis and Design." BABOK 10.15.2 Given the needs expressed in the case study, which
of the following techniques would be the best way to discover or model the requirements for the
desired features?
a.Data ModelCorrectTo provide needed flexibility in managing accounts and statements, a data
model is essential for structuring the data needed to accomplish it. Given the business rules and
relationships presented in the case study, a data model is needed to capture them. "It visually
represents the elements that are important to the business, the attributes associated with those
elements, and the significant relationships among them. Data models are frequently used in
elicitation and requirements analysis and Design." BABOK 10.15.2
b.User Story
c.Data Flow Diagram
d.State Model
d.Concept Model
A "concept model starts with a glossary, which typically focuses on the core noun concepts of a
domain." The case study offers more than definitions, including several rules. "It is especially
important where high precision and subtle distinctions need to be made. Concept models can be
effective where:... the initiative needs to capture large numbers of business rules..." BABOK
10.11.2

Glossary: Incorrect: The case study does provide "a list of terms in a particular domain with
definitions for those terms and their common synonyms" as a Glossary should do. It includes
much more than definitions, though, and better matches the description of a Concept Model.
BABOK 10.23.3, 10.11.2 Given the information provided about Customers, Accounts,
Locations, and Statements in the case study, which deliverable would be the best way to specify
it?
a.Document Analysis
b.Glossary
c.Data Dictionary
d.Concept Model
c.Decision Table
Given the list of statement options and the combinations, a table could clearly show when a
resulting fee would be charged. "Decision tables generally contain one or more condition
columns that map to specific data elements, as well as one or more action or outcome columns."
BABOK 10.17.3.1 Given the fee structure desired for statements, what would be the preferred
way to model or specify them?
a.CRUD Matrix
b.Data Dictionary
c.Decision Table
d.Decision Tree
a.Focus Groups with representative customers
A focus group can elicit thoughts and feelings about an issue in a group setting, such as the
statement limitations. It would be a likely way
Benchmarking by studying competitors' offerings: Incorrect: The case said the new statement
options give Newbank a competitive advantage. They likely discovered that after they found out
their customers' needs using other methods. 10.4.2 What is the most likely way the bank
discovered the need for multiple flexible statement options?
a.Focus Groups with representative customers
b.Interviews with key stakeholders
c.Document Analysis by analyzing complaint logs
d.Benchmarking by studying competitors' offerings
c.Business analyst
This is the only resource listed. BABOK 4.2.4.2 You have just completed your requirements
workshop. Who should be involved with capturing the elicitation outcomes from the workshop?
a.Business analyst and project manager
b.Business analyst, project manager, and scribe
c.Business analyst
d.Business analyst and scribe
c.Focus groups
This technique would provide informative insights to help the team position the new product.
BABOK 10.21.2 Theresa is the lead business analyst for a large financial institution that has
just finished development for a state-of-the-art online product that will enable customers to do all
their banking from the comfort of their own home. At this stage, the team is evaluating how to
position the product in the market. What technique should Theresa use to best determine market
positioning?
a.Interviews
b.Lessons learned process
c.Focus groups
d.Survey/questionnaire
b.Organization Knowledge
Correct. BABOK 9.3.3.1

c.Domain Knowledge incorrect:Domain knowledge is not an underlying competency. Which

underlying competency provides an understanding of a specific department's business
architecture?
a.Systems Thinking
b.Organization KnowledgeCorrectBABOK 9.3.3.1
c.Domain KnowledgeIncorrectDomain knowledge is not an underlying competency.
d.Business Acumen
b.Possible consequences if the risk occurs, impact of those consequences, likelihood of the risk,
and the potential time frame when the risk might occur.
Risks are analyzed for all of these reasons. BABOK 6.3.2 and 10.38.3 Rick and his team are
analyzing risks. What exactly are they considering?
a.Possible consequences if the risk occurs, impact of those consequences, likelihood of the risk,
and the detectability of the risk.
b.Possible consequences if the risk occurs, impact of those consequences, likelihood of the risk,
and the potential time frame when the risk might occur.
c.Possible consequences if the risk occurs, cost of the consequences, likelihood of the risk, and
the potential time frame when the risk might occur.
d.Possible consequences if the risk occurs, cost of the consequences, likelihood of the risk, and
the detectability of the risk.
d.Assessments should contain standardized performance measurements.
Performance measurements should be tailored to the needs of business and project stakeholders.
BABOK 3.5.4.1 and 3.5.4.2

Performance assessments should include the root cause analysis associated with the variance
between actual and planned results.
Incorrect: This is true; identifying root cause will allow for more relevant adjustments going
forward and will also be included in lessons learned for future reference. BABOK 3.5.8 Which
statement about business analysis performance assessments is NOT true?a.Assessment reports
can be informal and verbal or can include formal documentation.
b.Performance assessments should include the root cause analysis associated with the variance
between actual and planned results.
c.Performance measurements used in assessments may be both qualitative and quantitative.
d.Assessments should contain standardized performance measurements.
d.Adaptive approach
Correct: User stories represent small, implementable, and testable slices of functionality and help
facilitate rapid delivery and frequent customer feedback. User stories are generally the preferred
way to capture requirements for agile (adaptive) projects. BABOK 10.48.4.1

b.Predictive approach
Incorrect: Predictive (waterfall) approaches rarely utilize user stories; rather, stakeholder
requirements are elicited. You have been assigned to write user stories on your next effort.
Which of the following approaches is your next effort likely using?
a.Waterfall
b.Predictive approachIncorrectPredictive (waterfall) approaches rarely utilize user stories; rather,
stakeholder requirements are elicited.
c.Incremental
d.Adaptive approachCorrectUser stories represent small, implementable, and testable slices of
functionality and help facilitate rapid delivery and frequent customer feedback. User stories are
generally the preferred way to capture requirements for agile (adaptive) projects. BABOK
10.48.4.1
d.Define the business need that the COTS package is intended to address.
Correct: When confronted with a change to a system, the first task is to define why the change is
warranted by defining the business need. BABOK 6.1.4.1

c.Perform a gap analysis to ensure capabilities exist in the current state organization to support
the COTS solution.
Incorrect: It may well happen in many cases, but the BABOK does not advocate jumping into the
solution as presented. You need to be determine the business needs first. BABOK 6.1.4.1
Consider a scenario in which a sponsor has initiated an effort to purchase and install a
COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) package. You discover that no other analysis work has been
performed. What is the first thing you do?
a.Determine if and how the COTS package meets the business need.
b.Determine the approach to implementing the COTS solution.
c.Perform a gap analysis to ensure capabilities exist in the current state organization to support
the COTS solution.IncorrectIt may well happen in many cases, but the BABOK does not
advocate jumping into the solution as presented. You need to be determine the business needs
first. BABOK 6.1.4.1
d.Define the business need that the COTS package is intended to address.CorrectWhen
confronted with a change to a system, the first task is to define why the change is warranted by
defining the business need. BABOK 6.1.4.1
b.Start building teamwork and positive working relationships.
Correct: Ice-breakers help the team begin "forming" which is the first stage of Tuckman's model
of team development. What is the most important reason for a facilitator to use ice-breakers?
a.Make facilitation sessions go faster.
b.Start building teamwork and positive working relationships.CorrectIce-breakers help the team
begin "forming" which is the first stage of Tuckman's model of team development.
c.Introduce participants to each other.
d.Avoid future conflict.
d.Improved customer satisfaction.
Correct: This is a qualitative measure that can add significant value to the organization. But, is
difficult to quantify. BABOK 6.2.4.11 A business analyst is writing a business case and
has quantified the financial benefits of alternative solutions as a means of assessing which
solution will be presented as the overall recommendation. A stakeholder has suggested the
business analyst to include a value assessment of critical qualitative benefits as well.
For the above Scenario, please answer question 1 of 2 below:
Which of the following best represents an example of a qualitative benefit?
a.Improved return on investment.
b.Shorter payback period.
c.Total cost of ownership.
d.Improved customer satisfaction.
d.Financial analyses of other change strategies.
Correct: Each change strategy should include costs and benefits in order to determine feasibility.
BABOK 6.4.4.4 Kathy is a new BA who asked you to review a business case she
developed before she submits it for review and approval. The business case outlines a
compelling change strategy and contains rigorous financial feasibility analysis for the
recommended strategy.
For the above Scenario, please answer question 1 of 2 below:
You provide Kathy feedback that while her recommendation is compelling, something critical is
missing. What is it?
a.Opportunity costs related to other change strategies.
b.Evaluation criteria for the recommended strategy.
c.An implementation plan to prove feasibility.
d.Financial analyses of other change strategies.
b.Stakeholders need to understand options considered and rejected to support their decision-
making process.
Correct BABOK 6.4.4.4 What rationale do you give Kathy for the criticality of the missing
information?
a.Stakeholders need to believe the recommended strategy is "doable" or feasible given their
resource constraints.
b.Stakeholders need to understand options considered and rejected to support their decision-
making process.
c.Stakeholders need to understand what benefits they are deferring for other change strategies.
d.She has to provide evidence that she's thought through how the recommended strategy will be
evaluated once deployed.
a.Data Modeling
Correct: Data Modeling is "used to identify data structures that may be similar across the
enterprise in order to facilitate reuse." BABOK 5.2.6 Which of the following is an
example of a technique to help maintain requirements?
a.Data ModelingCorrectData Modeling is "used to identify data structures that may be similar
across the enterprise in order to facilitate reuse." BABOK 5.2.6
b.Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria
c.Business Constraint Analysis
d.Item Tracking
c.Understanding how the original stakeholders defined the expected characteristics of the
solution.
Correct: This is the definition for the non-functional requirements analysis technique. The
availability, capacity, maintainability, speed, etc. of the solution. BABOK 8.1.6 Kay is a BA
measuring the performance of a solution. Complaints about the solution have been increasing
from end-users. She went into the project archives to obtain how the original stakeholders
defined acceptable performance. Those criteria didn't seem to be the cause of the complaints
however. Among other things, stakeholders weren't happy with the overall maintainability of the
solution. What else could assist Kay in her analysis?
a.Functional requirements.
b.Stakeholder requirements.
c.Understanding how the original stakeholders defined the expected characteristics of the
solution.
d.Understanding how the original project objectives mapped to the business objectives at the
time. Perhaps the business changed and the solution is no longer viable.
c.Define what constitutes effective business analysis work.
Correct: This is the first element within the task. Consult organizational performance standards if
available to understand expectations for BA work the organization may have already defined.
BABOK 3.5.4.1 and 3.5.5 What would the BA typically do first while conducting the identify
business analysis performance improvements task?
a.Determine assessment measures.
b.Identify corrective and/or preventive actions to improve BA performance.
c.Define what constitutes effective business analysis work.
d.Conduct interviews and workshops to determine stakeholder requirements.
c.The sum of knowledge within the profession of Business Analysis and what is considered
currently accepted practice.
Correct: The primary purpose of the BABOK is to define the profession of business analysis and
provide a set of commonly accepted practices. BABOK 1.1 What does the Business Analysis
Body of Knowledge contain?
a.The standards and methodologies to which all business analysts should adhere.
b.Best practices in the industry.
c.The sum of knowledge within the profession of Business Analysis and what is considered
currently accepted practice.
d.The definitive sequence of tasks that business analysts perform to properly analyze or evaluate
the necessity of a change to reach business objectives.
d.Collaborate with key stakeholders to gain consensus on the definition of the problem and
resulting impacts.
Correct: Collaboration is key and getting buy-in to the definition of the problem and identifying
the business need is always a first step. BABOK 6.1.2 and 9.5.1.1 Rest Easy is a company that
provides outsourced IT solutions for retailers who don't have internal IT application development
and support personnel. Customer satisfaction scores have fallen each quarter for the past year
and two high revenue customers were threatening to go to a competitor when their contracts
were up in three months. Brian was assigned as the BA to investigate root cause and recommend
a cost-effective solution.
For the above Scenario, please answer question 1 of 2 below:
What is the first thing Brian should do? Time is of the essence!
a.Analyze key stakeholders to understand their power/interest level and current level of
engagement.
b.Review reports to understand exactly how much customer satisfaction scores have decreased.
c.Plan elicitation activities with key customers to identify the root cause(s) of their satisfaction so
that a recommendation can be developed.
d.Collaborate with key stakeholders to gain consensus on the definition of the problem and
resulting impacts.
c.Effectiveness of Julie's problem-solving abilities.
Correct: One measure: Confidence of the participants in the problem-solving process that a
selected solution is correct. BABOK 9.1.4.3.

Effectiveness of Julie's decision-making abilities.

Incorrect: The decision-making described here is by stakeholders, not the BA. Julie is a
business analyst and has just received her performance appraisal. Her manager praised her for
the confidence her stakeholders have in the process she uses for helping them select correct
solutions on her projects. What competency is Julie being praised for?
a.Stakeholders include the BA in the decision making process.
b.Effectiveness of Julie's decision-making abilities.
c.Effectiveness of Julie's problem-solving abilities.
d.Effectiveness of Julie's creative thinking abilities.
a.Customer relationships
Correct: In general, customer relationships are classified as customer acquisition and customer
retention. As current methods would be captured in this section of the business model canvas, it
would be a good starting point. BABOK 10.8.1.2 As a result of the outcome of an initial
strategy exercise, the BA was challenged by the client in identifying the best way to attract and
retain customers. Which aspect of the business model canvas could the BA leverage in order to
present a viable solution to the response of the client?
a.Customer relationships
b.Customer segments
c.Benchmarking studies
d.Use cases
b.Concept Model
Correct: A "concept model starts with a glossary, which typically focuses on the core noun
concepts of a domain." The case study offers more than definitions, including several rules. "It is
especially important where high precision and subtle distinctions need to be made. Concept
models can be effective where:... the initiative needs to capture large numbers of business
rules..." BABOK 10.11.2 Given the information provided about Customers, Accounts,
Locations, and Statements in the case study, which deliverable would be the best way to specify
it?
a.Document Analysis
b.Concept Model
c.Data Dictionary
d.Glossary
a.Decision Table
Correct: Given the list of statement options and the combinations, a table could clearly show
when a resulting fee would be charged. "Decision tables generally contain one or more condition
columns that map to specific data elements, as well as one or more action or outcome columns."
BABOK 10.17.3.1

d.Decision Tree
Incorrect: This could be chosen, but the rules and choices are not complex enough to warrant it
in this case. "A decision tree is a method of assessing the preferred outcome where multiple
sources of uncertainty may exist." BABOK 10.16.3.3, 10.17.3 Given the fee structure
desired for statements, what would be the preferred way to model or specify them?
a.Decision Table
b.CRUD Matrix
c.Data Dictionary
d.Decision Tree
d.Corporate governance, legislation, organizational centers of competency.
Correct: Regulators are responsible for the definition and enforcement of standards which can be
imposed on the solution through corporate governance standards, legislation, or standards
defined by organizational centers of competency. BABOK 2.4.8 Regulators are responsible
for the definition and enforcement of standards. Which of the following lists include ways
standards can be imposed on the solution by regulators?
a.Sponsor, audit standards, corporate governance.
b.Sponsor, legislation, organizational centers of competency.
c.Sponsor, legislation, audit standards.
d.Corporate governance, legislation, organizational centers of competency.
b.Through active listening
Correct: Active listening incudes summarizing and repeating what was stated in different terms
in order to ensure that both the listener and speaker have a common understanding - which is the
description of paraphrasing. BABOK 9.4.4.2Sam is using paraphrasing as a means of confirming
elicitation results. How can paraphrasing can be achieved?
a.Use of a different communication medium
b.Through active listening
c.Asking the sender to resend the message but using different terms
d.Repetition of exactly what was said
d.User stories
Correct: The scenario refers specifically to "story." The scenario is most likely describing an
agile project that expresses requirements in user stories. BABOK 5.2.6 Which technique
would a business analyst use to identify requirements associated with a story that may be
available for reuse?
a.Story points
b.Process modeling
c.Use cases and scenarios
d.User stories
c.Prepare a training session with exercises and materials.
Correct: A short training session could focus the teaching on what the stakeholders need to be
able to review use cases. BABOK 9.5.5 Steven is preparing for a requirements review of
several use cases with a large group of stakeholders who are not familiar with the technique.
How should he best familiarize the stakeholders with use cases?
a.Prepare an overview of use cases and make a presentation to the large group.
b.Ask them to attend a training class on use cases.
c.Prepare a training session with exercises and materials.
d.Tell them to ask questions whenever they don't understand something.
d.Project scope.
Correct: A Work Breakdown Structure is a tool to help break down project scope. "The WBS
organizes and defines the entire scope of the project." BABOK Glossary & 10.22.3.2 Joy is a
business analyst and is working with her project manager on a project to automate a manual
process. They are working together on a work breakdown structure (WBS) to break down which
type of scope?
a.Product scope.
b.Process scope.
c.Solution scope.
d.Project scope.
c.She is working to understand the potential value of the solution.
Correct: Potential Value is listed as an input to Analyze Performance Measures, which is what
the question is asking. The forecasted level is "...a benchmark against which solution
performance can be evaluated." BABOK 8.2.3 Deima is a BA assigned to the evaluation of
a solution that isn't delivering value to the level forecasted during the project. She has gone into
the project archives and is reviewing all available project documentation. Why is she doing that?
a.She is trying to familiarize herself with the stakeholders impacted by the solution.
b.She is reviewing the project objectives to better understand what the solution was supposed to
achieve.
c.She is working to understand the potential value of the solution.
d.She is primarily concerned with the solution requirements to ensure current performance
measures are relevant.
c.Any stakeholder with decision-making authority.
CorrectBABOK 8.1.4.2 After solution performance measures are defined, who is
responsible to decide which measures are used to evaluating the solution performance?
a.Project manager.
b.The business analyst.
c.Any stakeholder with decision-making authority.
d.The sponsor.
a.Explain the impact and consequences that the stakeholders' failure to agree will have on the
project.
Correct: If a conflict arises among stakeholders as a result of a different interpretation of an
issue, the business analyst should facilitate communication between the stakeholders so that each
group can gain an appreciation for the needs of the others BABOK 5.5.4.2 and 9.5.4.2 A
conflict has emerged between two stakeholders about conflicting requirements and you are
facilitating a mediation meeting between them. All efforts to achieve a compromise in the
meeting so far have failed. What is one of the best things to do now to try to break the deadlock
before ending the meeting?
a.Explain the impact and consequences that the stakeholders' failure to agree will have on the
project.
b.Tell them the meeting will not adjourn until an agreement can be reached.
c.Warn them that the sponsor will have to impose a resolution if the parties cannot agree.
d.There is nothing a BA can do in this situation other than to adjourn the meeting and escalate
the issue to the project manager.
d.A feasibility study.
Correct: A feasibility study supports the strategic effort and looks at the feasibility and viability
of new business opportunities. BABOK 10.7.3.3 and Glossary A CIO is sold on a new idea
to create and implement a business relationship manager (BRM) role as described in best
practice frameworks. She would like to determine the viability of the idea before authorizing
financial and human resources.
For the above Scenario, please answer question 1 of 2 below:
What would the BA likely conduct to determine viability of the BRM role?
a.A business case.
b.A market analysis.
c.A decision package.
d.A feasibility study.
a.Review
Correct: Reviews are used to evaluate the content of a work product. BABOK 4.3.6 and 10.37

d.Workshop
Incorrect: Workshops bring stakeholders together in order to collaborate on achieving a
predefined goal. This might be too rigorous as stakeholder collaboration isn't critical. At this
point, the focus is on review of a work product and so a review should suffice. BABOK 4.3.6,
10.50, and 10.37 Trevor has confirmed requirements for a report. He would like key
stakeholders to review the work on the report thus far to ensure development is on the right track.
What technique will Justin use?
a.Review
b.Focus group
c.Checklist
d.Workshop
a.Metrics.
Correct: Metrics is not one of the listed outcomes. BABOK 10.16.2 A decision is the act
of choosing a single course of action from several uncertain outcomes with different values. The
outcome value may take different forms depending on the domain, but commonly include the
following outcomes. Which one is the LEAST likely outcome?
a.Metrics.
b.Scoring.
c.Financial value.
d.Relative ranking.
b.The business analyst should refrain from documenting recommendations to transform the
process that are outside the scope of software automation.
Correct: The business analyst should consider documenting recommendations ( e.g. simplify the
work people perform by re-engineering or sharing processes), even though they are outside the
scope of automation. BABOK 7.5.4.2 Not every process analyzed will be transformed by
a software solution, so processes that are flagged in the design plan as not being a candidate for
automation will not undergo further elaboration during the technical design. With that premise,
which of the following statements is NOT true?
a.The business analyst and the process owner may have determined new manual steps that may
streamline and improve the current process.
b.The business analyst should refrain from documenting recommendations to transform the
process that are outside the scope of software automation.
c.The business analyst will have decomposed and modeled the process and identified new
procedures.
d.The business analyst should present recommendations to the appropriate project stakeholders
to determine if proposed improvements should be considered for implementation.
a.Data dictionary
Correct: A data dictionary records details about the data involved in the change. BABOK 7.1.6
and 10.12 Richard is the lead business analyst working on a compliance project in one of the
leading banks in the country. He has noted that different departments interpret the same
information differently. To guarantee standardized usage of the data elements involved in the
expected change, Richard would use which of the following techniques.
a.Data dictionary
b.Data flow diagrams
c.Data modeling
d.Glossary
c.Backlog management
Correct: Applies to prioritization of requirements not maintaining requirements. BABOK 5.3.6
Which of the following techniques are NOT applicable when a business analyst is
maintaining requirements?
a.Data flow diagrams
b.Data modeling
c.Backlog management
d.Business rules analysis
a.Detailed information in the form of a story that allows the developer to build through several
releases.
Correct: User stories are typically a sentence or two that describes who has the need and the goal
they are trying to achieve. They are not detailed. BABOK 10.48.2 You have been assigned to
specify requirements as a brief statement about what people do or need to do when using the
solution. Which one of the following criteria is NOT part of your activity?
a.Detailed information in the form of a story that allows the developer to build through several
releases.
b.One to two sentence stories that allow the developer to estimate the work required for
implementation.
c.High-level information that is informal.
d.A short description of the solution capability that provides value to the stakeholder.