ShaheedZulfikarAli Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

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Introduction To
Management

Assignment # 3

Submitted To: Sundas Israr

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Name: S.Haider Ali

Reg. Numbers: 2080286

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Introduction to management BS(SE)-3-A SZABIST-ISB

 ShaheedZulfikarAli Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

Research new types of IT devices. Write a report describing these

devices (at least three) and their applicability to employees and
organizations. Be sure to look at both the positive and negative aspects.

1. An Internet Modem:
The word “modem” is actually a misnomer, as it’s a
carryover from the days of when a digital signal needed to be modulated to be sent over an
analog phone line and then Demodulated on the receiving end.

Nonetheless, the interface between an Internet Service Provider (ISP) and an office network is
something that every business needs.

An internet modem can either be leased from an ISP or purchased online. There are pros and
cons to each. It’s more economical to purchase instead of lease. However, ISPs will typically not
offer support for a third party device.

Advantages of the modem:

 More useful in connecting LAN with the internet.

 Speed depends on the cost.
 Slow speed when compared to the hub.
 A limited number of a system can be connected.
 A modem is most probably widely used in data communication roadway.
 A modem converts that the digital signal into an analog signal.

Disadvantages of the modem:

 Acts just as an interface between LAN and internet.

 No traffic maintenance is present.
 A modem is not understood the intermediate process.
 The modem does not know about the own destination path.

2. A Router:

The router is a small but important piece of office equipment that sits between an internet
modem and the office network. Sometimes an internet modem can double as a router. However,
a standalone router provides a number of benefits.

A router can assign an individual IP address to each device on a network. For functions such as
shared printing and scanning, this is essential.

A router can be used to set up a virtual private network (VPN), which makes it possible for those
with the right permissions to securely connect to network devices from home or while traveling.

Introduction to management BS(SE)-3-A SZABIST-ISB

 ShaheedZulfikarAli Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

For companies that have a hosted VoIP phone system, a router can prioritize voice traffic over
other traffic so that phone calls are as clear as possible.

A router can also be a device that provides Wi-Fi access to a part of or to all of an office,
depending on the size of the office.

Specialized routers, such as the one used with our CloudSure solution, allow for bonding the
signals from two separate ISPs into one network. An increasing number of companies are
doubling up on internet service providers to guarantee continuity of service.

Advantages of the router:

 It provides sophisticated routing, flow control, and traffic isolation

 Reduce network traffic by creating collision domains
 Reduce network traffic by creating broadcast domains
 Can connect different network architecture, such as Ethernet and token ring
 They are configurable which allows the network manager to make policy based on
routing decisions
 It can choose the best path across the internetwork using dynamic routing algorithms
 It can reduce network traffic by creating collision domains and also by creating
broadcast domains
 Allow achieving loop so that redundant paths are available

Disadvantages of the router:

 A router is more expensive than bridge or repeaters

 Router only work with rotatable network protocol, not all protocol are routable
 The router is slower than bridge or repeaters because they must analyze data
transmission from the physical to the network layer
 Dynamic router communication causes additional network traffic 
 Are relatively complex device 
 Can require a considerable amount of initial configuration 
 They are protocol dependent devices which must understand protocol they are
forwarding

3. A Network Switch:

Routers typically have a limited number of physical ports. Fortunately, a router can be connected
to a switch. Switches have as many as 48 ports. Switches can also be stacked. If you have, say
24 VoIP phones in your office, each one will need a port (although a VoIP phone and a
computer can be daisy-chained to a single switch port).

Advantages of a switch:

Introduction to management BS(SE)-3-A SZABIST-ISB

 ShaheedZulfikarAli Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

 It can make use CAM table for a port to MAP mapping

 It helps in logical segmentation by supporting VLANs
 The number of broadcast domains gets decreases
 Support centralized management
 They help in reducing the workload on individual host PCs
 Permit multiple simultaneous conversations
 Fairer than connection based technology
 Switch interconnected individual node and also controlled access to media
 Switches can be connected directly to work station
 A network which uses switch will have fewer frame collisions
 They increase the available bandwidth of the network

Disadvantages of a switch:

 High cost 
 Failure of switch bridge down the network
 When we use a switch, a network connectivity problem can be difficult to trace through
a switch
 Broadcast traffic may be troublesome
 While uses a limited broadcast, they are not as good as routers
 Proper design and most important configuration is needed in order to handle multicast
packets
 If a switch is in promiscuous, they are vulnerable to security attacks

2. In your own words, write down three things you learned

in this chapter about being a good manager.

Introduction to management BS(SE)-3-A SZABIST-ISB

 ShaheedZulfikarAli Bhutto Institute of Science & Technology

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

When we talk about managers in the organization, as we all know that managers are the people
who actually manage, lead and make sure that all the relevant out and objective of personal
goals and even the organizational goals and integrated and achieve together by the efficiencies
and if activities of efforts and knowledge working together. So we can say that the relevant
functions that are being performed by the manager so that a relevant goals are achieved are.

The three characteristics that a Manager should hold are:

 Learning ability
 Influencing communication
 Gratitude and empathy

1. Learning ability — every manager should be a good learner because a person is only
able to show the direction to his subordinate only when he is able to learn those skills
required for the organization and for learning those skills he should be a good learner to
make others understand how they are going to learn the tactics of the organization.

2. Influencing communication — every manager should be a good communicator of

the terms and condition of the organization to make the people work according to the
organization and also influence their work and make them work according to the
requirement of the organization so that the organization is able to achieve their goals
within a limited period of time.

3. Gratitude and empathy — every employee needs to be motivated and should be

treated with love and care which required the feeling of gratitude towards them. And for
making the people work according to themselves the manager should work according to
the subordinate so that he gets motivated to be a part of the organization and to be in
connection with the manager who always listens to his opinion and work accordingly to
achieve the goals of the organization.

Introduction to management BS(SE)-3-A SZABIST-ISB