HISTORY OF

ARCHITECTURE 4
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE | PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE | SPANISH COLONIAL | PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR | MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

ARCH32S1 - Integration Course for Architecture

GROUP LEADER: ANDALES, CHERISH JOY

GROUP MEMBERS:

ANIT, CHRISTINE NIEWELL ENDAYA, ALEAH LHAYZIEL PALMARES, JAIRA

ARCILLA, RYAN FLORES, JONAS TINASAS, JUSTINE PRINCESS
BALLESTEROS, VERONICA ANN LUMBANG, MA. EMERALD VALOIS, MARY ANTONIETTE
BERNARDEZ, JAMES ERALD MACALINTAL, ROMELYN YAVUZ, IRFAN
CONCEPCION, LYNNHILL MATURINGAN, ANNA MARI
EISMA, EUGENE MESA, GRANT JOSHUA
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 01
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

MAIN FACTOR WHICH LEAD TO THE CREATION OF A MORE

PERMANENT HUMAN SETTLEMENT
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 01
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

MAIN FACTOR WHICH LEAD TO THE CREATION OF A MORE

PERMANENT HUMAN SETTLEMENT

- AGRICULTURE -

Sources: https://drive.google.com/file/d/19KqOiEB_sJlIp31exfhktLjnlQ_scG1t/view?usp=sharing
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 02
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE TWO SEASON IN THE PHILIPPINES?

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 02
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE TWO SEASON IN THE PHILIPPINES?

RAINY SEASON (June to November) DRY SEASON (December to May)

Sources:https://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/climate-philippines#:~:text=Using%20temperature%20an
d%20rainfall%20as,season%2C%20from%20December%20to%20May .
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 03
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

THE MOST IMPORTANT CLIMATIC ELEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES

AND TO TROPICAL CLIMATE COUNTRIES.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 03
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

THE MOST IMPORTANT CLIMATIC ELEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES

AND TO TROPICAL CLIMATE COUNTRIES.
“RAINFALL”

Source: https://drive.google.com/file/d/19KqOiEB_sJlIp31exfhktLjnlQ_scG1t/view?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eF5JpoUDK6ZEBFo_ppK-ru85DbTzZxhw/view?usp=sharing
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 04
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WEATHER IN THE PHILIPPINES THAT HAS NO DRY SEASON WITH A VERY

PRONOUNCED RAINFALL FROM NOVEMBER TO APRIL AND WET DURING
REST OF THE YEAR
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 04
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WEATHER IN THE PHILIPPINES THAT HAS NO DRY SEASON WITH A VERY

PRONOUNCED RAINFALL FROM NOVEMBER TO APRIL AND WET DURING
REST OF THE YEAR

“TYPE II”

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=
IwAR0jiP5D7yUydebLmh2lVKK9mqzyI0iLc4PV9GTesABwO33EdcSKA6387tk
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 05
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WEATHER IN THE PHILIPPINES THAT RAINFALL IS MORE OR LESS EVENLY

DISTRIBUTED THROUGH THE YEAR
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 05
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WEATHER IN THE PHILIPPINES THAT RAINFALL IS MORE OR LESS EVENLY

DISTRIBUTED THROUGH THE YEAR

“TYPE IV”

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=
IwAR0jiP5D7yUydebLmh2lVKK9mqzyI0iLc4PV9GTesABwO33EdcSKA6387tk
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 06
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

EARLY RELIGION OF THE PHILIPPINES BEFORE THE SPANIARDS

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 06
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

EARLY RELIGION OF THE PHILIPPINES BEFORE THE SPANIARDS

“ISLAM AND PAGANISM”

SOURCE:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR0jiP5D7yUydebLmh2
lVKK9mqzyI0iLc4PV9GTesABwO33EdcSKA6387tk
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 07
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE 2 NATURAL THREATS ENCOUNTERED BY OUR

ANCESTORS?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 07
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE 2 NATURAL THREATS ENCOUNTERED BY OUR

ANCESTORS?

WILD ANIMALS PESTS AND PLAGUES

SOURCE:https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eF5JpoUDK6ZEBFo_ppK-ru85DbTzZxhw/view
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 08
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE 4 FACTORS THAT AFFECTED THE FILIPINO INDIGENOUS

ARCHITECTURE?

1.

2.

3.

4.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 08
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE 4 FACTORS THAT AFFECTED THE FILIPINO INDIGENOUS

ARCHITECTURE?

1. NECESSITY

2. CLIMATE

3. NATURAL THREATS

4. CULTURE

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?f
bclid=IwAR3ck_8yUyeDwm3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 09
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

THESE ARE GAMES COMMONLY PLAYED BY CHILDREN, USUALLY USING

NATIVE MATERIALS OR INSTRUMENTS
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 09
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

THESE ARE GAMES COMMONLY PLAYED BY CHILDREN, USUALLY USING

NATIVE MATERIALS OR INSTRUMENTS

PALO SEBO HAMPAS PALAYOK PABITIN AGAWAN BUKO

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?f
bclid=IwAR3ck_8yUyeDwm3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 10
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

THE MAJOR RITUALS THAT ARE CUSTOMARY PRACTICES IN THE

PHILIPPINES
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 10
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL ARCHITECTURE

THE MAJOR RITUALS THAT ARE CUSTOMARY PRACTICES IN THE

PHILIPPINES

“CHRISTIAN AND MUSLIM”

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?f
bclid=IwAR3ck_8yUyeDwm3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 11
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE 3 PREHISTORIC BUILDING TYPES ?

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 11
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE 3 PREHISTORIC BUILDING TYPES ?

CAVE DWELLINGS LEAN-TO SHELTER ARBOREAL SHELTER

Source: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 12
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

DEFINE CAVE DWELLINGS AND

GIVE AT LEAST 3 EXAMPLES
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 12
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

DEFINE CAVE DWELLINGS AND GIVE AT LEAST 3 EXAMPLES

CAVE DWELLINGS TABON CAVE

● PRE- HISTORIC CAVE SHELTERS WERE THE EARLIEST

FORM OF HUMAN HABITATIONS.
● REQUIRE MINIMAL SITE WORKS AND MODIFICATION
● MADE FROM EXCAVATION RATHER THAN
CONSTRUCTION.
TAUT BATU CAVE

EXAMPLES:

1. TABON CAVE
2. TAUT BATU CAVE
3. CALLAO CAVE
Source: CALLAO CAVE
https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68
aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 13
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS PLEISTOCENE
PEOPLE?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 13
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS PLEISTOCENE PEOPLE?

PLEISTOCENE PEOPLE

● EARLIEST DWELLERS OF
CAVES IN THE PHILIPPINES
● OFFSPRINGS OF ICED AGED
● THEORY OF LAND/TULAY NA
LUPA

Source:
https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_
N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 14
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS THE MAIN PURPOSE OF

BANAUE RICE TERRACES?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 14
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS THE MAIN PURPOSE OF

BANAUE RICE TERRACES?

THE BANAUE RICE TERRACES ARE LOCATED ON

THE MOUNTAINS OF IFUGAO AND WERE CARVED
THERE ABOUT 2,000 YEARS AGO BY THE
ANCESTORS OF THE PRESENT DAY PHLIPPINES.
IT IS SAID THAT THEY WERE BUILT BY HAND AND
WERE USED TO PLANT RICE.

Source :
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck_8yUyeDwm3Ap
cqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 15
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE BOTANIC BUILDING MATERIAL?

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 15
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE BOTANIC BUILDING MATERIAL?

●TIMBER
●BAMBOO
●THATCH
●FİBERS

Source : https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck_8yUyeDwm3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 16
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE FOUR CHARACTERISTICS OF VERNACULAR

BUILDING?

VERNACULAR BUILDINGS ARE TYPİCALLY DEFİNED BY FOUR

BASIC TRAITS:

1.
2.
3.
4.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 16
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE THE FOUR CHARACTERISTICS OF VERNACULAR

BUILDING?

VERNACULAR BUILDINGS ARE TYPİCALLY DEFİNED BY FOUR

BASIC TRAITS:

1. MATERIALS USED,
2. CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES,
3. SHAPE OF BUILDING,
4. DESIGN ELEMENTS
Source :
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck_8yUyeDwm3
ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 17
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

IT IS A INDIGENOUS HOUSE OF LUZON THAT HAS FOUR

CORNER POSTS AND THE SIDE WALLS ARE BUILT AS
SUPPORTS TO THE ROOF
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 17
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

IT IS A INDIGENOUS HOUSE OF LUZON THAT HAS FOUR

CORNER POSTS AND THE SIDE WALLS ARE BUILT AS
SUPPORTS TO THE ROOF

BONTOC (FAYU)

Sources: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 18
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE FOUR BASIC MATERIALS USED IN INDIGENOUS

FILIPINO HOUSES?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 18
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT ARE FOUR BASIC MATERIALS USED IN INDIGENOUS

FILIPINO HOUSES?

BAMBOO

NIPA

RATTAN

WOOD

Sources: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 19
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS THE OLDEST MOSQUE IN THE PHILIPPINES THAT WAS BUILT ON

1380 IN BARANGAY TUBIG INDANGAN, SIMUNUL, TAWI TAWI?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 19
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS THE OLDEST MOSQUE IN THE PHILIPPINES THAT WAS BUILT ON

1380 IN BARANGAY TUBIG INDANGAN, SIMUNUL, TAWI TAWI?

SHEIK KARIMOL MAKHDUM

MOSQUE

Source: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 20
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS THE SECONDARY BURIAL JAR EXCAVATED FROM A NEOLITHIC

BURIAL SITE IN MANUNGGUL CAVE OF TABON CAVES DATING FROM
890–710 B.C THAT HAS TWO PROMINENT FIGURES AT THE TOP HANDLE OF
ITS COVER REPRESENT THE JOURNEY OF THE SOUL TO THE AFTER LIFE?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 20
PRE-COLONIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS THE SECONDARY BURIAL JAR EXCAVATED FROM A NEOLITHIC BURIAL

SITE IN MANUNGGUL CAVE OF TABON CAVES DATING FROM 890–710 B.C THAT
HAS TWO PROMINENT FIGURES AT THE TOP HANDLE OF ITS COVER
REPRESENT THE JOURNEY OF THE SOUL TO THE AFTER LIFE?

MANUNGGUL JAR

Source: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 21
SPANISH COLONIAL

THE CREATION OF LAND-USE PATTERN THROUGH A SYSTEM WITH A

CONCEPT OF LAND USE AS A PRIVATE PROPERTY AND CAPITAL WAS
INTRODUCED.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 21
SPANISH COLONIAL

THE CREATION OF LAND-USE PATTERN THROUGH A SYSTEM WITH A

CONCEPT OF LAND USE AS A PRIVATE PROPERTY AND CAPITAL WAS
INTRODUCED.

ENCOMIENDA SYSTEM

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 22
SPANISH COLONIAL

BUILT IN 1699, COMPLETED IN 1710 BY AGUSTINIAN PRIEST ANTONIO

ESTAVILLO. THE CURVACEOUS LATERAL BUTTRESSES ARE A VISUAL
SPECTACLE. THEY LINE THE SIDE OF THE CHURCH, EACH GIGANTIC
BUTTRESS CASCADING FROM THE FINIALS DOWN TO THE GROUND
ENHANCED BY COLOSSAL VOLUTE ORNAMENTATION.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 22
SPANISH COLONIAL

BUILT IN 1699, COMPLETED IN 1710 BY AGUSTINIAN PRIEST ANTONIO

ESTAVILLO. THE CURVACEOUS LATERAL BUTTRESSES ARE A VISUAL
SPECTACLE. THEY LINE THE SIDE OF THE CHURCH, EACH GIGANTIC BUTTRESS
CASCADING FROM THE FINIALS DOWN TO THE GROUND ENHANCED BY
COLOSSAL VOLUTE ORNAMENTATION.

PAOAY CHURCH

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 23
SPANISH COLONIAL

THE USE OF GRID PATTERN FOR URBAN

FABRIC, TOGETHER WITH THE
ADHERENCE TO THE OTHER
ARCHITECTURAL RULES, WAS A
CONSEQUENCE OF THE IDEAL
GRECO-ROMA CITY CONCEPT.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 23
SPANISH COLONIAL

THE USE OF GRID PATTERN FOR URBAN

FABRIC, TOGETHER WITH THE
ADHERENCE TO THE OTHER
ARCHITECTURAL RULES, WAS A
CONSEQUENCE OF THE IDEAL
GRECO-ROMA CITY CONCEPT.

CUADRICULA
SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/file/d/129bLwCxRjaU4EK8EJOgaBUOvcLuFSVb0/view
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 24
SPANISH COLONIAL

WHO DESIGNED/ PLANNED/ CONSTRUCT CHURCHES BEFORE

"MAESTRO DE OBRAS" OR "ARCHITECTS" BECAME THE NORM IN THE
PHILIPPINES?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 24
SPANISH COLONIAL

WHO DESIGNED/ PLANNED/ CONSTRUCT CHURCHES BEFORE

"MAESTRO DE OBRAS" OR "ARCHITECTS" BECAME THE NORM IN THE
PHILIPPINES?

FRIARS/ PRAYLE

SOURCES: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1pegdmWLvdhoU9eU_C3gYATGt0ZTLgoBu/viewn
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 25
SPANISH COLONIAL

A TERM COINED FOR THE

STRUCTURES PARTLY WOOD AND
PARTLY STONE.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 25
SPANISH COLONIAL

A TERM COINED FOR THE

STRUCTURES PARTLY WOOD AND
PARTLY STONE.

ARQUITECTURA MESTIZA

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 26
SPANISH COLONIAL

IT IS THE SPANISH WALLED CITY OR MANILA WALLED CITY,

BORDERED BY THE BAY AND THE RIVER
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 26
SPANISH COLONIAL

IT IS THE SPANISH WALLED CITY OR MANILA WALLED CITY,

BORDERED BY THE BAY AND THE RIVER

INTRAMUROS

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 27
SPANISH COLONIAL

SPANISH TERM FOR OTHER VILLAGES, TOWNS AND SUBURBS

LOCATED BEYOND THE WALLS. IT INCLUDES PUEBLO DE TONDO,
PUEBLO DE BINONDO, ISLA DE BINONDO, PUEBLO DE MALATE,
ERMITA NAD STA. CRUZ DILAO
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 27
SPANISH COLONIAL

SPANISH TERM FOR OTHER VILLAGES, TOWNS AND SUBURBS

LOCATED BEYOND THE WALLS. IT INCLUDES PUEBLO DE TONDO,
PUEBLO DE BINONDO, ISLA DE BINONDO, PUEBLO DE MALATE,
ERMITA NAD STA. CRUZ DILAO

EXTRAMUROS

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 28
SPANISH COLONIAL

HOME OF AMBITIOUS MAHARLIKA OR NOBLEMAN WHERE

TRADESMAN AMASSED THEIR WEALTH FROM THE NEW IMPERIAL
ORDER
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 28
SPANISH COLONIAL

HOME OF AMBITIOUS MAHARLIKA OR NOBLEMAN WHERE

TRADESMAN AMASSED THEIR WEALTH FROM THE NEW IMPERIAL
ORDER

PUEBLO DE MALATE

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 29
SPANISH COLONIAL

THIS PLACE WAS FOR THOSE IDENTIFIES AS UNPRIVILEGED

NATIVES WHO REGULARLY PROVIDED FRESH FOODSTUFF FOR
THE MARKET OF MANILA
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 29
SPANISH COLONIAL

THIS PLACE WAS FOR THOSE IDENTIFIED AS UNPRIVILEGED

NATIVES WHO REGULARLY PROVIDED FRESH FOODSTUFF FOR
THE MARKET OF MANILA

PUEBLO DE TONDO

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 30
SPANISH COLONIAL

WHAT IS THE FIRST PRIVATE SCHOOL TO OFFER AN ACADEMIC TITLE FOR

MAESTRO DE OBRAS IN 1900?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 30
SPANISH COLONIAL

WHAT IS THE FIRST PRIVATE SCHOOL TO OFFER AN ACADEMIC TITLE

FOR MAESTRO DE OBRAS IN 1900?

LICEO DE MANILA

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aY
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 31
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

KNOWN AS THE “PEARL OF THE ORIENT” JUST BEFORE HONGKONG AND

SHANGHAI USED THIS LABEL FOR THEIR CITIES.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 31
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

KNOWN AS THE “PEARL OF THE ORIENT” JUST BEFORE HONGKONG AND

SHANGHAI USED THIS LABEL FOR THEIR CITIES.

MANILA WAS CONSIDERED THE MOST BEAUTIFUL CITY IN

ASIA. KNOWN AS THE “PEARL OF THE ORIENT” JUST
BEFORE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI USED THIS LABEL FOR
THEIR CITIES.

WAS ALSO A LEADER IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. ALMOST

ALL THE THINGS THAT ASIA LEADS IN TODAY WERE
LEARNED IN MANILA. FOR INSTANCE, THE PHILIPPINES
HOSTED THE FIRST ASIAN AIRLINE, PHILIPPINE AIRLINES.

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 32
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

NATIONAL ARTIST THAT WAS

GIVEN TOTAL CONTROL WITH
THE DESIGN OF THE THEATER
THAT IS NOW KNOWN AS
THE CULTURAL CENTER OF
THE PHILIPPINES.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 32
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

NATIONAL ARTIST THAT WAS

GIVEN TOTAL CONTROL WITH
THE DESIGN OF THE THEATER
THAT IS NOW KNOWN AS
THE CULTURAL CENTER OF
THE PHILIPPINES.

LEANDRO V. LOCSIN
(AUGUST 15, 1928 – NOVEMBER 15, 1994)

SOURCE: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 33
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

ARCHITECT OF QUEZON MEMORIAL

SHRINE, QUEZON CITY. A FAMOUS TRI
PILLARED MONUMENTAL STRUCTURE
ON QUEZON CIRCLE
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 33
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

ARCHITECT OF QUEZON MEMORIAL

SHRINE, QUEZON CITY. A FAMOUS TRI
PILLARED MONUMENTAL STRUCTURE
ON QUEZON CIRCLE

FEDERICO ILUSTRE

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck_8yUyeDw
m3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 34
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS BUILDING, IT

IS A POPULAR VENUE FOR WEDDINGS.
(TRIVIA: THE WEDDING OF ARCHITECT SHAMCEY SUPSUP, THE
MISS UNIVERSE-PHILIPPINES 2011 WAS HELD IN THIS CHURCH)
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 34
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS BUILDING, IT

IS A POPULAR VENUE FOR WEDDINGS.
(TRIVIA: THE WEDDING OF ARCHITECT SHAMCEY SUPSUP, THE
MISS UNIVERSE-PHILIPPINES 2011 WAS HELD IN THIS CHURCH)

CHURCH OF THE RISEN LORD, UP

DILIMAN, QUEZON CITY

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck_8yUyeDw
m3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 35
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

ARCHITECT OF PHILAMLIFE BUILDING,

MANILA. A BUILDING THAT RECENTLY
DEMOLISHED DUE TO REDEVELOPMENT
IN THE AREA.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 35
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

ARCHITECT OF PHILAMLIFE BUILDING,

MANILA. A BUILDING THAT RECENTLY
DEMOLISHED DUE TO REDEVELOPMENT
IN THE AREA.

CARLOS ARGUELLES

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck_8yUye
Dwm3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 36
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

WHAT WAS THE POST-WAR DOCTRINE PROFESSED BY THE “THIRD

GENERATION FILIPINO ARCHITECTS”, WHO READILY ADDRESSED
THE DEMANDS OF A CLIENTELE WHO WERE EAGER TO EMBRACE
MODERN LIFE IDEAS ?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 36
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

WHAT WAS THE POST-WAR DOCTRINE PROFESSED BY THE “THIRD

GENERATION FILIPINO ARCHITECTS”, WHO READILY ADDRESSED THE
DEMANDS OF A CLIENTELE WHO WERE EAGER TO EMBRACE MODERN LIFE
IDEAS ?

FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck
_8yUyeDwm3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 37
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

FILIPINO ARCHITECT KNOWN FOR DESIGNING

SEVERAL EDIFICES DURING THE POSTWAR
ERA. HIS WORKS INCLUDE THE MERALCO
BUILDING IN ORTIGAS, UNION CHURCH OF
MANILA, AND STO. DOMININGO CHURCH IN
QUEZON CITY.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 37
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

FILIPINO ARCHITECT KNOWN FOR DESIGNING

SEVERAL EDIFICES DURING THE POSTWAR
ERA. HIS WORKS INCLUDE THE MERALCO
BUILDING IN ORTIGAS, UNION CHURCH OF
MANILA, AND STO. DOMININGO CHURCH IN
QUEZON CITY.

JOSE MARIA ZARAGOZA

Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck
_8yUyeDwm3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 38
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

FILIPINO ARCHITECT THAT IS

CONSIDERED ONE OF THE MOST
INFLUENTIAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTS OF
THE 20TH CENTURY FOR HAVING
PIONEERED THE ART OF PHILIPPINE
NEOVERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE.
SOME OF HIS NOTABLE WORKS
INCLUDE THE COCONUT PALACE AND
EDSA SHRINE.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 38
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

FILIPINO ARCHITECT THAT IS CONSIDERED

ONE OF THE MOST INFLUENTIAL FILIPINO
ARCHITECTS OF THE 20TH CENTURY FOR
HAVING PIONEERED THE ART OF
PHILIPPINE NEOVERNACULAR
ARCHITECTURE. SOME OF HIS NOTABLE
WORKS INCLUDE THE COCONUT PALACE
AND EDSA SHRINE.

FRANCISCO “BOBBY”
TRONQUED MAÑOSA
Sources:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc?fbclid=IwAR3ck
_8yUyeDwm3ApcqIJ61ht5MsAfbhlMJ0m9h7zhWmhaaxUJBzTBXe8OM
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 39
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

A PLAN FOR MANILA THAT WAS RECOMMENDED TO

IMPROVE THE CITY'S TRANSIT SYSTEM BY CREATING
DIAGONAL ARTERIES RADIATING FROM THE NEW
CENTRAL CIVIC DISTRICT INTO AREAS AT THE OUTSKIRTS
OF THE CITY.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 39
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

BUILT IN 1699, COMPLETED IN 1710 BY AGUSTINIAN PRIEST ANTONIO

ESTAVILLO. THE CURVACEOUS LATERAL BUTTRESSES ARE A VISUAL
SPECTACLE. THEY LINE THE SIDE OF THE CHURCH, EACH GIGANTIC
BUTTRESS CASCADING FROM THE FINIALS DOWN TO THE GROUND
ENHANCED BY COLOSSAL VOLUTE ORNAMENTATION.

BURNHAM PLAN

Sources:https://tip.instructure.com/courses/16169/pages/module-4-american-colonialism-in-the-philipppines-and-a
rt-deco-era?module_item_id=921135
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 40
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

THE 1950S AND 1960S STAPLE ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS WERE THE

_____ (SUNBREAKER), GLASS WALLS, PIERCED SCREENS AND THIN
CONCRETE SHELLS.

Source: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OFZ86KO66VFNmsaDrW9l2AP520gbaI_V/view
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 40
PRE-WAR AND POST-WAR

THE 1950S AND 1960S STAPLE ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS WERE THE

BRISE-SOLEIL (SUNBREAKER), GLASS WALLS, PIERCED SCREENS AND THIN
CONCRETE SHELLS.

Sources:https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OFZ86KO66VFNmsaDrW9l2AP520gbaI_V/vie
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 41
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS THE ARCHITECTURAL STYLE WHICH IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE DELIBERATE

DIVERGENCE FROM TRADITION AND USE OF INNOVATIVE FORMS OF EXPRESSIONS
CALLED?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 41
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT IS THE ARCHITECTURAL STYLE WHICH IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE DELIBERATE

DIVERGENCE FROM TRADITION AND USE OF INNOVATIVE FORMS OF EXPRESSIONS
CALLED?

MODERNISM

Source: https://www.tatlerasia.com/culture/arts/20-architectural-marvels-of-contemporary-philippines
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 42
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

IN THE 1970 OSAKA WORLD EXPOSITION, WHAT WAS THIS STRUCTURE WHICH WAS
REMEMBERED FOR ITS SWEEPING CURVED ROOFS THAT CAN BE DESCRIBED AS A “BIRD
IN FLIGHT”?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 42
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

IN THE 1970 OSAKA WORLD EXPOSITION, WHAT WAS THIS STRUCTURE WHICH WAS
REMEMBERED FOR ITS SWEEPING CURVED ROOFS THAT CAN BE DESCRIBED AS A “BIRD
IN FLIGHT”?

LEANDRO LOCSIN’S THE PHILIPPINE PAVILLION

Source: https://designkultur.wordpress.com/2010/01/14/architects-leandro-locsin-the-philippines-expo-70/
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 43
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT MODERN TROPICAL ARCHITECTURE FEATURE DO YOU CALL A TYPE OF SOLAR

SHADING SYSTEM THAT USES A SERIES OF HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL BLADES TO
CONTROL THE AMOUNT OF SUNLIGHT AND SOLAR HEAT THAT ENTERS A BUILDING?
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 43
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

WHAT MODERN TROPICAL ARCHITECTURE FEATURE DO YOU CALL A TYPE OF SOLAR

SHADING SYSTEM THAT USES A SERIES OF HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL BLADES TO
CONTROL THE AMOUNT OF SUNLIGHT AND SOLAR HEAT THAT ENTERS A BUILDING?

BRISE SOLEIL

Source: https://www.maplesunscreening.co.uk/brise-soleil-explained
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 44
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

ONE OF THE FIRST EXPONENTS OF

MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE IN THE
PHILIPPINES, WHO IS REVERED AS A
PIONEER AND THE FOREMOST
ARCHITECT OF HIS TIME. HIS SIGNATURE
STYLES ARE CLEAN LINES, STRONG
SHAPES AND SIMPLICITY.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 44
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

ONE OF THE FIRST EXPONENTS OF

MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE IN THE
PHILIPPINES, WHO IS REVERED AS A PIONEER
AND THE FOREMOST ARCHITECT OF HIS TIME.
HIS SIGNATURE STYLES ARE CLEAN LINES,
STRONG SHAPES AND SIMPLICITY.

PABLO S. ANTONIO (JANUARY

25, 1902 - JUNE 14, 1975)

Sourceshttps://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 45
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

IN THIS ERA, MODERN ARCHITECTURE WITH STRAIGHT LINES AND

FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS WAS INTRODUCED, PARTICULARLY IN THE
BRUTALIST ARCHITECTURE THAT CHARACTERIZED GOVERNMENT-BUILT
STRUCTURES DONE IN THE MARCOS PERIOD.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 45
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

IN THIS ERA, MODERN ARCHITECTURE WITH STRAIGHT LINES AND

FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS WAS INTRODUCED, PARTICULARLY IN THE
BRUTALIST ARCHITECTURE THAT CHARACTERIZED GOVERNMENT-BUILT
STRUCTURES DONE IN THE MARCOS PERIOD.

LATE 20th CENTURY

Sourceshttps://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 46
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

THESE STRUCTURES ARE

MASSIVE AND UNREFINED
WITH COARSELY FORMED
SURFACES, USUALLY OF RAW
AND EXPOSED CONCRETE.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 46
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

THESE STRUCTURES ARE

MASSIVE AND UNREFINED
WITH COARSELY FORMED
SURFACES, USUALLY OF RAW
AND EXPOSED CONCRETE.

BRUTALIST
STRUCTURES

Sourceshttps://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1hZY2rycMlhCabsBW-_N0RBS68aYSMSzc
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 47
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

IT IS A HEADY MIXTURE OF OF SEEMINGLY INCONGRUOUS ELEMENTS OF

COCONUT LUMBER,RATTAN,SHELL,THATCH, AND EVEN INDIGENOUS
TEXTILES ARE JUXTAPOSED WITH HYPER MODERN MATERIAL LIKE METAL
GLASS AND CONCRETE.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 47
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

IT IS A HEADY MIXTURE OF OF SEEMINGLY INCONGRUOUS ELEMENTS OF

COCONUT LUMBER,RATTAN,SHELL,THATCH, AND EVEN INDIGENOUS
TEXTILES ARE JUXTAPOSED WITH HYPER MODERN MATERIAL LIKE METAL
GLASS AND CONCRETE.

CONTEMPORARY TROPICAL FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

Source: https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/six-contemporary-filipino-architects-you-should-know/
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 48
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

THE FATHER OF PHILIPPINE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, HE WAS

KNOWN,CREATED SOME OF THE BEST URBAN SPACES IN THE COUNTRY
THAT DEALS WITH PARK, PLAZA AND GREEN SPACES.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 48
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

THE FATHER OF PHILIPPINE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, HE WAS

KNOWN,CREATED SOME OF THE BEST URBAN SPACES IN THE COUNTRY
THAT DEALS WITH PARK, PLAZA AND GREEN SPACES.

ILDEFONSO P SANTOS

Source: https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/six-contemporary-filipino-architects-you-should-know/
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 49
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

HIS BEST KNOWN DESIGN WERE EXECUTED FOR IGLESIA NI CRISTO,HIS

STYLE QUITE DISTINCT FROM OTHER MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTS
INSTEAD OF MONUMENTALISM OF LEANDRO LOCSIN OR ART DECO
SIMPLICITY OF PABLO ANTONIO, HE CHOSE TO INCORPORATE GOTHIC
AND BAROQUE ELEMENTS INTO HIS MODERN CHURCHES.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 49
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

HIS BEST KNOWN DESIGN WERE EXECUTED FOR IGLESIA NI CRISTO,HIS

STYLE QUITE DISTINCT FROM OTHER MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTS
INSTEAD OF MONUMENTALISM OF LEANDRO LOCSIN OR ART DECO
SIMPLICITY OF PABLO ANTONIO, HE CHOSE TO INCORPORATE GOTHIC
AND BAROQUE ELEMENTS INTO HIS MODERN CHURCHES.

CARLOS A. SANTOS-VIOLA

Source: https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/six-contemporary-filipino-architects-you-should-know/
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 50
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

HE WAS IN THE HEART AND SOUL OF A PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURAL

MOVEMENT. HE HAS DEVELOPED A LEGACY OF PHILIPPINE
ARCHITECTURE, WHICH IS ESSENTIAL TO OUR FILIPINO IDENTITY AND AT
THE SAME TIME, DEEPLY APPRECIATED AND SHARED IN OUR WORLD
TODAY. HIS WORKS INCLUDE; SAN MIGUEL BUILDING, CHAPEL OF THE
RISEN LORD, OUR LADY OF PEACE SHRINE, ETC.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 50
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

HE WAS IN THE HEART AND SOUL OF A PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURAL

MOVEMENT. HE HAS DEVELOPED A LEGACY OF PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE,
WHICH IS ESSENTIAL TO OUR FILIPINO IDENTITY AND AT THE SAME TIME,
DEEPLY APPRECIATED AND SHARED IN OUR WORLD TODAY. HIS WORKS
INCLUDE; SAN MIGUEL BUILDING, CHAPEL OF THE RISEN LORD, OUR LADY OF
PEACE SHRINE, ETC.

FRANCISCO “BOBBY” T. MAÑOSA

Source: Source: https://tip.instructure.com/courses/16169/pages/module-6-national-artists-for-architecture

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 51
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

FRANCISCO MAÑOSA’S MASTERPIECE IN PASAY. IT IS SHAPED LIKE AN

OCTAGON (THE SHAPE GIVEN TO A COCONUT BEFORE BEING SERVED),
WHILE THE ROOF IS SHAPED LIKE A TRADITIONAL FILIPINO SALAKOT OR
HAT. ALSO KNOWN AS TAHANANG PILIPINO.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 4 51
MODERN FILIPINO ARCHITECTURE

FRANCISCO MAÑOSA’S MASTERPIECE IN PASAY. IT IS SHAPED LIKE AN

OCTAGON (THE SHAPE GIVEN TO A COCONUT BEFORE BEING SERVED),
WHILE THE ROOF IS SHAPED LIKE A TRADITIONAL FILIPINO SALAKOT OR
HAT. ALSO KNOWN AS TAHANANG PILIPINO.

COCONUT PALACE

Source: Source: https://tip.instructure.com/courses/16169/pages/module-6-national-artists-for-architecture