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ME524 1st Midterm Exam Spring 2022 Model Solution

This document appears to be a midterm exam for a Mechanics of Composite Materials course. It contains 3 questions assessing students' knowledge of composite materials. Question 1 has multiple choice and short answer parts on topics like mechanical properties, fiber factors, matrix materials, and advantages of ceramic matrix composites. Question 2 involves calculating properties of a hybrid composite lamina given fiber volume fractions and properties. Question 3 asks students to determine strains and stresses in a carbon/epoxy lamina oriented at 60 degrees when deformed.

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Sulaiman AL Majdub
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326 views3 pages

ME524 1st Midterm Exam Spring 2022 Model Solution

This document appears to be a midterm exam for a Mechanics of Composite Materials course. It contains 3 questions assessing students' knowledge of composite materials. Question 1 has multiple choice and short answer parts on topics like mechanical properties, fiber factors, matrix materials, and advantages of ceramic matrix composites. Question 2 involves calculating properties of a hybrid composite lamina given fiber volume fractions and properties. Question 3 asks students to determine strains and stresses in a carbon/epoxy lamina oriented at 60 degrees when deformed.

Uploaded by

Sulaiman AL Majdub
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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........................................... ‫رقم القيد‬ Model Solution.........................

............... :‫األسم‬

University of Tripoli - Faculty of Engineering


Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department
Mechanics of Composite Materials - ‫( ميكانيكا المواد المركبة‬ME 524)
Spring 2022 1st Mid-Term Exam June 21, 2022 Duration: 75 minutes
Answer the Following Three Questions

Q1 Q2 Q3 Total
Question
(12%) (10%) (8%) (30%)

Mark 12 10 8 30

Question (1): (a) Multiple Choices Questions: (12 points)


(1) Mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites depend on: ( d )
a. Properties of constituents b. Interface strength
c. Fiber length, orientation, and volume fraction d. All the above
(2) What fiber factors contribute to the mechanical performance of a composite? ( d )
a. Length b. Orientation c. Shape d. All of the above
(3) Longitudinal strength of fiber reinforced composite is mainly influenced by: ( a )
a. Fiber strength b. Fiber orientation c. Fiber volume fraction d. Fiber length
(4) Composite materials are: ( d )
a. isotropic but not homogeneous b. homogeneous but not isotropic
c. both homogeneous and isotropic d. neither homogeneous or isotropic
(5) One of the major disadvantages of composites is: ( a )
a. high cost of fabrication , b. low stiffness , c. extremely heavy
(5x1=5 points)
(b) What are the most common advanced composites? and Why? (3 points)
The most common advanced composites are polymer matrix composites (PMC).
The reasons why the PMC are the most common composites:
1. low cost 2. high strength , and 3. Simple manufacturing principles
(c) Why the epoxy is the most common type of matrix material? (2 points)
The main Reasons why epoxy is the most used matrix material are:
• High strength (‫)مقاومة عالية‬
• Low viscosity and low flow rates (‫) لزوجة منخفضة ومعدالت تدفق منخفضة‬
• Low volatility during cure (‫)تقلبات منخفضة أثناء المعالجة‬.
• Low shrink rates (‫)معدالت انكماش منخفضة‬
• Available in more than 20 grades (‫ درجة‬20 ‫)متوفر في أكثر من‬
(d) What are the advantages of ceramic matrix composites? (2 points)
▪ high strength,
▪ hardness,
▪ high service temperature limits for ceramics,
▪ chemical inertness (‫)امخلول الكمييايئ‬, and
▪ low density

1
Question (2): A unidirectional hybrid composite lamina consists of two different types of fiber are
carbon and Kevlar in an epoxy matrix. The properties are given in the following table: (10 points)
Weight Density Young’s Modulus Shear Modulus
Constituent
(%) (mg/ml) (GPa) (MPa)
Carbon 35 2.15 105 4.6
Kevlar 20 1.25 154 5.8
Epoxy 45 1.24 2.0 0.8
Find the following: wc = c vc , w f =  f v f , wm = m vm (1)
1. The density of the composite lamina,
2. The longitudinal stress of the composite lamina, wf w
Wf = , Wm = m (2)
3. The in-plane shear modulus of the composite lamina, wc wc
From equations in (1) and (2), yields:
 f  vf   f  v  
Solution W f =   = V f , and Wm = m  m  = m Vm
c  vc  c c  vc  c
1. The density of the composite lamina,
1 1
c = = =1.458 mg / ml (2.0 points)
Wcarbon Wkevlar Wepoxy 0.35 + 0.20 + 0.45
+ +
carbon kevlar epoxy 2.15 1.25 1.24
2. The longitudinal stress of the composite lamina,
1c = 1carbonVcarbon +1kalver Vkalver +1m Vm (2.0 points)
3. The in-plane shear modulus of the composite lamina,
W  0.35(1.458)
Vcarbon = carbon c = = 0.237
carbon 2.15
W  0.20(1.458)
Vkevlar = kevlar c = = 0.233 (2.0 points)
kevlar 1.25
Wepoxy c 0.45(1.458)
Vepoxy = = = 0.529 or Vepoxy =1−Vglass −Vkevlar = 0.53
epoxy 1.24
1 V V Vepoxy
= carbon + kevlar +
G12c G12carbon G12 kevlar G12epoxy
(2.0 points)
G12carbonG12 kevlar G12epoxy
G12c =
G12 kevlar G12epoxyVcarbon + G12carbon G12epoxyVkevlar + G12carbon G12 kevlarVepoxy
4.6  5.8  0.8 21.344
G12c = = = 1.328MPa
(5.8)(0.8)(0.237) + (4.6)(0.8)(0.233) + (4.6)(5.8)(0.529) 16.071

2
Question (3): A 200mmx160mm rectangular of carbon/epoxy composite lamina with its fibers
oriented at 60 with respect to the x-axis. When the lamina is deformed as shown in the figure, find
(a) the strains along the material coordinates and the shear strain at the center of the lamina?
(b) The stresses along the material coordinates? (8 points)

Solution
(a) The strains along the material coordinates
From the figure:
2
 x =  y = 0, and  xy = = 0.0125 (2.0 points)
160
 1      c2 s 2 2cs    x 
   x   2 2  
  2  = T    y = s c −2cs    y 
12 2  2 −cs cs (c2 − s2 )   xy 2
 xy  
c = cos 60o = 0.5 and s = sin 60o = 0.866

 1   c2 s 2 2cs    x 
   2 2  
 2 = s c −2cs    y 
 12 2 −cs cs (c2 − s2 )   xy 2
 
 1   0.25 0.75 0.866   0   0.005413  (2.0 points)
       
  2  = 0.75 0.25 −0.866  0  =  −0.005413 
 12 2 −0.433 0.433 −0.5   0.0125 2  − 0.003125
T hen :
1 = 0.005413 ,  2 = −0.005413 , and 12 = −0.003125
(b) The stresses along the material coordinates
 x =  y = 0, and  xy = 200MPa (2.0 points)

1     0.25 0.75 0.866  0   173.2 


   x     
 2  = T   y  = 0.75 0.25 −0.866  0  = −173.2 MPa (2.0 points)
12    −0.433 0.433 −0.5 
 200  −100 
  
 xy 
‫ محمد عيل احلجاج‬/‫ ابلتوفيق والنجاح ……………………………… د‬......…………………………… ………………..…........................... ‫انهتت الإجابة‬

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