SCIENCE 9

Name of Learner: Jaida Bea Q. Villanueva. Grade Level: 9

Section: SPA 2 Levi Celerio
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Activity 1
When the Sun’s Rays Strike

Do the northern and southern hemisphere receive equal amount of heat from the sun?

No, the diagram shows that Northern Hemisphere receives less amount of heat from
the sun than Southern Hemisphere.

Guide Questions:
Q1. How much is the tilt of the Earth's axis?

Earth’s axis is tilted about 23.5 degrees.

Q2. Which part of the Earth receives most of the sun's rays?

Southern Hemisphere receives most of the sun's rays.

Q3. Why does the amount of heat received by places far from the equator
becomes less?

The reason behind it is because the earth’s axis is tilted in a certain direction, that is
why the amount of heat received by places far from the equator becomes less.
 Q4. Why are the coldest places on earth found near the poles?

Poles do not receive direct heat from the sun, due to the earth’s tilted axis. That is the
reason why the South Pole and the North Pole are considered as the coldest places on
earth.

Q5. Why are places with high temperature found at the equator?

The equator receives the most of suns’s rays, so that is why places such as the country
Philippine has a high temperature.

. Q6. How does latitude affect climate?

Temperature is inversely related to latitude. As latitude increases, the temperature falls,

and vice versa. Generally, around the world, it gets warmer towards the equator and
cooler towards the poles.
Activity 2
The Higher, the Colder

Procedure
1. Study the table below.
Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual Average Temperature

Elevation above sea Annual Average

Name of Place
level (m) Temperature (oC)
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6

Guide Questions:

Q7. Which place is the coldest?

Baguio is the coldest place with 16.0 celsuis.

Q8. Which place is the hottest?

Tacloban is the hottest place with 29.4 celsius.

 2. Construct a scatter graph based on the data above.

Q9. Based on the data, what is the relationship between altitude and temperature
of a place?
The relationship between altitude and temperature is that, when a place gets higher
altitude the temperature gets colder. However, if a place has a lower altitude, the
temperature gets hotter.
 Activity 3
Which Should I Choose, Windward or Leeward?

Guide Questions:
Q10. What happens to water vapor as it rises over the mountain?

Water vapor condenses when air cools as it climbs over mountains. As a consequence, rain
tends to concentrate on the mountain's windward side, and rainfall increases with elevation in
the direction of storm tracks.

Q11. Which side of the mountain experiences low temperature?

The cooler temperatures are seen on the windward side of the mountain. This is due to the
windward side receiving considerably more precipitation and having many more overcast days,
whilst the leeward side is much drier and has many more bright days.

Q12. Which side of the mountain experiences high temperature?

The leeward side of the mountain is the side that gets the most sun. Because of the
non-saturated air descending on the leeward side, rapid heating is faster than on the windward
side. Due to a lack of rain, the leeward side will have a high temperature, making it dry and
toasty.
 Q13. What happens when air becomes warmer and drier as it moves down the
leeward side?
Cooler air moves up the windward side of mountains and warmer air moves down the
leeward side due to the orographic effect. Extremely strong winds known as Chinook or
Foehn winds can result from such fast warming and drying of the air.
Q14. What dry region forms at the back of the mountain?
A rain shadow is an area behind a mountainous region that receives much less rainfall
on its leeward side, which is the side facing away from the prevailing winds.
Q15. How does topography affect climate?
Climate changes over short distances are caused by topography. Microclimates are
changes in temperature, moisture, and wind and sun exposure that are major indicators
of where different ecological communities might be found.
Activity 4
Ocean Currents

I. Objective
1 .Explain how ocean currents affect climate.
II. Materials
Pencil or ballpen
Map that illustrates ocean currents
II. Procedure
Study the map of ocean current below.
 Figure 6 shows different loops or gyres of surface currents around the
world. In the Northern Hemisphere, the current flows in a clockwise direction. On the
other hand, in the Southern Hemisphere, the current flows in counterclockwise
direction. These clockwise and counterclockwise of ocean currents are caused by
Coriolis Effect.

Guide Questions:

Q16. What are the different ocean currents that carry warm water? Give at least
three examples.
Gulf Stream, Brazil Current, and Japan Current.
Q17. What are the different ocean currents that carry cold water? Give at least three
examples.
Canary Current, Labrador Current, and California Current.
Q18. What kind of air does Greenland Current take along?
Because the temperature in the Atlantic Ocean is relatively low, the Greenland
current transports the cold air.
Q19. How do the Kamchatka Current and Kuroshio Current affect the northeastern?
The kamchatka current sends cold water to Japan's northeastern region, lowering
temperatures, while the kuroshio current brings warm water to Japan's southern
region, raising temperatures.
Q20. How do ocean currents affect climate?
Ocean currents transfer warm water and precipitation from the equator to the poles,
and cold water from the poles back to the tropics, much like a conveyor belt. Ocean
currents therefore serve to manage global temperature by balancing the unequal
distribution of solar energy reaching the Earth's surface.
 Generalization:
Table 1: Factors Affecting Climate

Activity No. FACTOR EFFECT/S TO CLIMATE

Temperature is inversely related to
latitude. As latitude increases, the
temperature falls, and vice versa.
1 LATITUDE Generally, around the world, it gets
warmer towards the equator and cooler
towards the poles.
The term "altitude" refers to the height
above sea level. As the height above sea
2 ALTITUDE level rises, the temperature drops. As a
result, the temperature in the upper
places is lower than in the lower ones.
Climate changes over short distances are
caused by topography. Microclimates are
changes in temperature, moisture, and
3 TOPOGRAPHY wind and sun exposure that are major
indicators of where different ecological
communities might be found.
Ocean currents transfer warm water and
precipitation from the equator to the
poles, and cold water from the poles back
OCEAN CURRENTS to the tropics, much like a conveyor belt.
4
Ocean currents therefore serve to
manage global temperature by balancing
the unequal distribution of solar energy
reaching the Earth's surface.

Reflection:
1. I learned that there are many factors that affects climate such as Latitude, Altitude,
Topography, and Ocean Currents.
2. I enjoyed most on knowing why these factors affects our climate, because it helped
me to understand why we are struggling in climate change.
3. I want to learn more about the other factors that affects climate, it is fun and
interesting to know about these climate issues because we get to be more aware of our
mother earth.