International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research(IJFMR)

E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com● Email: [email protected]

IOT Based Advanced Smart Shopping Cart

Using Arduino and RFID
Peddada Siddartha Sandeep
Dept. of Avionics, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
[email protected]

Abstract
India is one of the world’s most rapidly growing economies and is aiming to develop into a $5 trillion
economy. E-commerce has certainly spread and a great deal of progress has taken place. The working
class and the majority of our community prefer to go to shopping centres or supermarkets. Even if E
Commerce has grown exponentially in recent years, retail sales still account for about 85% of total sales.
One of the difficulties facing customers is a line-up that follows the payment process in a queue.The
advanced era of technology in which the majority of customers have to wait for their shopping in the
supermarket, because it takes very long time. Due to the barcode-based billing method, a significant
throng on the supermarket during discount bids or weekends finds themselves in long lineups.Instead of
waiting long time in a queue, the proposed method is to let the client process products directly and
charge them in the trolley. After a quick scan in the carriage, customers need to add the product and
when they are finished, the amount is shown in the carriage. In addition, the client can log in to the app
that shows the list and amount of all the added products. The customer can pay digitally via the
application once done. Thus the time spent elsewhere in long queues is reduced and they are relieved of
the tediosity with bar codes scanned.

Key words: Internet of Things (IoT), Arduino, Android Application, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Module, RFID

INTRODUCTION
The IoT is a platform that brings together hardware and soft-ware to create an integrated system
environment connected to each other. The embedded hardware system includes sensors, processors or
controls, and software system software provides Internet APIs and protocols. This interconnected
environment allows for the creation of a communication web and connections between multiple devices,
platforms and networks.
The human lifestyle of one day is now changing and becoming hectic. Because people don’t have much
time to shop, which is unavoidable. They therefore prefer to shop in malls, so that all products can be
obtained in one place. This saves them from going to various shops to buy just a limited product type.
While shopping in shopping centres can save people time, they can only visit shopping malls at
weekends.
The technology of RFID has developed rapidly in recent times and we can see its applications in a range
of industries, from office ID scanning to book publishing in libraries. RFID means the identification of
radio frequencies where information is digitally encoded in tags that can be used to identify a product.

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research(IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com● Email: [email protected]

In general, RFID tags are captured by radio waves and data collected stored in a database. RFID (Radio
frequency identification) is a versatile and user-friendly IoT technology. RFID tags are routinely used to
identify products using their radio waves. Due to efficient operation and faster scanning and detection
RFID sensors are highly popular. It has a huge benefit over bar code scanning because, unlike bar code
scanners, no line-of-view is given to RFID while an object is being scanned when it is just positioned on
a sighting track. The distance of RFID scanning is adjustable as per requirements.
It aims to build a system that combines comfort of RFID tags and wireless sensing with an easy and
simple tracking system that allows customers without having to wait in queues to buy their products.
The customer must simply put an item in the trolley and allow the reader to scan the product for
information. With an LCD that allows the trolley to display product information, it also provides us with
a workable system that provides the customer with all information, such as the manufacturing date,
expiry date, price, etc.
In order to establish a linked environment, this smart shop system should contain the RFID tags, readers,
LCDs, the WLAN-Computer and Bluetooth protocols. RFID tags, read-ers, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi have
been employed for automated invoicing operations, while product details have been shown in LCD.The
Bluetooth and Wi-Fi make it possible to update the cart on mobile app. This approach saves customers
time and the difficult purchasing process. The automatic payment method here reduces the waiting on
the account counter and clients shopping time. On completion of the customer’s shopping, he/she clicks
on the button on the trolley to lock it using a servo engine installed in the trolley, to provide safety, to
prevent theft and to generate the final bill.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION : SMART SYSTEM

A. Functions of the Smart Shopping Cart
The Smart Shopping Cart’s features are stated below:
1) The essential job of calculating client bill and upgrading it when and when the things purchased are
placed in the basket.
2) The consumer may additionally monitor on the monitor attached to this cart for the information of
the goods purchased and the current bill amount.
3) It also contains the handling of the following unique scenarios in addition to the preceding features,
which ensures that the system is fair in all respects. The system detects all cases listed below.
a) Attempt to steal the things without scanning their bar codes, just keeping them in your cart.
b) Try scanning a product, but insert several products in the cart.
c) Try to take away higher cost goods by scanning another lower price product’s RFID Tag.
d) If the client scans a product, he does not keep it in his cart.
e) Because consumers are likely to alter their minds, our solution enables any item already placed
in the cart to be removed without assistance from our employees.
4) Features an admin can utilise on the application:
a) The user database can at any time be checked by an admin.
b) Admin may either add, delete or alter people from the database.
c) The admin can monitor and track the payment method by checking the total bill created by all
users.
d) Admin may track purchases and carts as well.
5) Features a client can use in the application:

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research(IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com● Email: [email protected]

a) Before making a decision to purchase an item a consumer can see the product information on
the app.
b) By adding or removing products and their costs, the user can change the cart from the total cart
value.
c) Before the user generates the bill, the user can see the complete cart amount on the app.
d) The user can either go cashless or pay the bill on a typical basis through the counter so that the
need for waits is eliminated.
B. The Basic Design of Idea
The design was designed to address all the above eventual-ities. Since automation is the purpose of the
Smart Shopping System, a RFID Reader must be attached to every cart. Thus, a camera barcode scanner
that is mounted to the cart is included with this design.In order to determine the price of a product from
the database, the RFID Reader must include the corresponding information on all products. Our database
is stored in the Base Station at the payment counter in our design. Included in the database are some
information per product, like its bar code, its name, price and weight.
In order to detect fraud, the weight attribute of a product has been selected for double-checking the
product identity. As a weight sensor a load-cell was configured. In the decision-making process on the
cart, the load cell output is used. When the weight of a product estimated by the load cell is not the same
as that of the product, the mismatch is interpreted. The design contains a third level of control, so that
the decision-making process using image processing is significantly improved. The product RFID Tag is
scanned and the camera as the barcode scanner takes an image of the product. It’s after scanning the
RFID Tag that a person wishes to exchange this product with a costlier one. There is a sheet attached to
the top of the cart that is intended to place the products in the cart when it is used, instead of having the
buyer put the items himself into the cart.After the scanning is finished, the person sets the merchandise
on this sheet. Just before the shopper puts the product into the cart, another image is taken. In the system
present at the cart both photos are kept locally. These two photos have an image comparison algorithm
to determine whether the products are the same. It is considered as a case of divergence if they are not
determined to be identical. After collecting the results from the algorithm, both photos are erased from
the memory of the system so that memory consumption on the cart is limited.

Fig. 1.Overview of the System

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research(IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com● Email: [email protected]

Instead of transmitting the image for each product to a base station for comparison, processing is
performed locally in order to reduce the overhead on the wireless communication, which makes it
energy efficient. This assures furthermore that even with many consumers, the system delivers the same
performance simultaneously in stores.
To secure our payment procedure with the Dummy Bank Account, we shall use the newest 256-bit
encryption tech-nology. Encryption with 256 bits means that any hacker or intruder must attempt to
breach the encrypted bank transaction information with 2256 codes. This is the latest cryptography
algorithm in the latest technologies and security protocols, including SSL and AES protocols.

C. Smart Shopping System Operation

A consumer walks into the Smart Shopping Centre. When he or she enters, the first thing he or she does
is select a Smart Shopping Trolley. Each trolley is assigned a unique ID, and each customer is correlated
with the trolley’s ID.
When customers collect a product they like to purchase, they scan the product RFID Tag first using the
RFID reader and then put it on the cart panel, which is intended to play the role of inserting the products
within the cart when triggered.

Fig. 2.Mobile Application Interface

After the consumer picks the product to know the product details, the RFID tag is employed, which
includes information such as true cost, discount, date of production and the product expiry time. Then
the RFID tag comes close to the RFID reader and the RFID reader attached to the car and handed the
trolley. These tags are read by the RFID reader. The product details are now shown on the LCD. The
clients therefore learn about the details of the product.
The goods is placed within the trolley once the product details have been scanned. The trolley consists of
a security door locking system and the servo motor may open it. The door is opened with the switch
here. When the button is pressed, the switch opens and closes automatically after 10 seconds. Then the
customer can open the door again after scanning. An ultrasonic sensor is held inside the carriage to count
the entire product. Therefore if a person mistakenly retains unscanned stuff, he will alert the customer
via Wi-Fi protocol about the unscanned product.

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research(IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com● Email: [email protected]

As soon as the customer gets a trolley and enters the app or registers, he/she can begin to scan products
into his/her trolley. Each product being scanned is sent by Micro Controller to the server and the
application and if the customer decides to delete the product, it may be re-scanned and removed both
from the server and from the cart of their app.
When you shop, the consumer can push the integrated payment button on the trolley to ensure safety, so
more goods cannot be added during the payment process. The app will now provide you with the
overview of the things you have bought, the price of the things you have bought and the offers you will
redirect you with a debit card to online payment. Now the customer can head directly to the exit doors to
get removed there RFID tags and reuse them.
LITERATURE REVIEW
A. ”Development of customer-oriented shopping carts”, H. H. Chiang et al
Smart shopping cart with facial recognition and information recovery functions have been created by the
authors. They also employ an automated billing system to avoid lines of queue when checking out, to
deliver the Internet of Things for an inteligent customer-assisted system with a comfortable shopping
experience.
B. ”innovative shopping cart for smart cities”, K. Prasiddhi, Dhanashri H. Gawali
The authors have successfully implemented a budget-saving, intelligent and fully functional system to
make the shopping experience simple and convenient to customers. Due to its effective tracking and
security advantages, they have used RFID technology. The system has functionality such as budgeting,
product addition, removal, recommendation and addition and cost deduction, based on the cart.
C. ”Automatic trolley shopping with sensors”, Deepali Pan-dita, Ashwini Chauthe, Nikhil Jadhav
The automatic trolley for shopping was designed using sensors to facilitate autonomous trolley
movement. The IR sensors in the carriage are employed here to detect the customers. If the consumer
stops at the location to take the things, the trolley will stop at a distance specified into the
microcontroller.
In addition, the automatic billing system was also introduced to avoid the length of the billing counter. A
barcode reader is provided in the trolley and each product has an RFID tag. If the consumer wants the
merchandise, he can scan the product mark and put it into a chariot. On scanning the product, the LCD
display displays the cost of each product in the trolleys and shows the total amount of shopping to avoid
queuing at the counter. The trolley stops if another customer breaks off, and there is plenty of
misunderstanding and conflict because there are no obstacles.
D. ”Manufacture of electronic automated trolley”, Nayak Madhukara, Karunakara and Kamath Karthik
The trolley was invented to increase the trolley’s autonomous mobility. The chariot has a
communication and control system. The system also contains a sensor at the target and load positions. In
this regard, the ultrasonic system sensor is used and the IR emission and transmitter tag have been
designed for client monitoring. The trolley system provides beep if the signal between the IR and
transmitters is interrupted by another client. When the customer leaves the route, the trolley follows the
customer again.
The IR tag must be affixed to the sleeve of the client, and the consumer may suffer from a discomfort or
may miss the IR emitter tag.
E. ”Smart Supermarket Trolley System Using RFID”, S. Aishwarya, D. Gomathi Shankari, R. Ilakkiya,
S. Prasanth and S. SriHeera

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research(IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com● Email: [email protected]

An automated smart cart billing system that consists of an RFID reader that reads products that include
RFID tags in a smart cart to ensure that the customer may be self-billed and payed via the mobile
application. Radio Frequency employs signals for signal identification and the identification of objects.
It reads long-distance information because there is no sight line, therefore no physical interaction is
necessary. Tag creates a disruption that the decoder reacts to. A distant antenna is connected to an RFID
tag using a capacitive coupling. When the reader of the RFID antenna propagates RF, capacitive
coupling occurs. There are now two types of RFID that is passive and active. There is no internal power
source in passive tags when active tags are working on battery. In two sectors - near and far field - the
electromagnetic field around RFID antenna is divided.
INFERENCES AND CONCLUSION
The planned system design for shopping automation by combining several technologies, such as
Arduino Uno, RFID and Android. The Electronics components and software com-ponents can be
separated into two main categories. Arduino Uno acts as a microcontroller for RFID and Built technol-
ogy intermediary control, connecting RFID technology with mobile android software components, using
the electronics components Bluetooth module. In software components there is an android mobile
application, where clients connect to the suggested system with numerous suggested approaches that
secure customer privacy. In addition, there is a server as a supermarket data centre that is also linked to
the smart shopping cart. When clients utilise an RFID card for customer login verification or product
information extraction by a mo-bile Android app, the mobile app can wirelessly communicate with the
server.The consumer can roam freely and readily communicate with product information in every
section of the store by the wireless removal capability. These technologies are planned for working
together to most efficiently entertain the customer. By searching for and effectively obtaining the highest
quality goods using offered technologies customers. In order to support the purchasing process through
automation of the cart, a method described can be simply deployed in real-life circumstances.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I’d want to convey my heartfelt gratitude to Professor Dr. Manoj B.S., Ph.D., who provided ongoing
guidance and motivation during the research. Without his consistent direction and assistance, it would
have been practically difficult to produce this work with great understanding in such a short period of
time.
REFERENCES
1 Deepali Pandita, N. J., “Sdn and virtualization solutions for the internet of things: A survey,”
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 4, April, 2017.
2 Pramila Chavan, A. P. P. R. and Narkhede, S., “Smart trolley shopping sys-tem,” International Journal
for Research in Applied Science Engineering Technology, vol. 6, March, 2018.
3 Gaikwad Prerna, N. R. M., “Smart billing trolley using rfid,” LIFI In-ternational Journal of Advanced
Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, vol. 6, September 2017.
4 P T Sivagurunathan, S. S., “Smart shopping trolley using rfid,” International Journal of Pure and
Applied Mathematics, vol. 118, no. 20, pp. 3783–3786,
2018.
5 Komal Ambekar, S. S., “Smart shopping trolley using rfid,” Interna- tional Journal of Advanced
Research in Computer Engineering And Technology (IJARCET), vol. 20, no. 2, Dec. 2019.

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