IEEE Paper (DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE PYTHON)
IEEE Paper (DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE PYTHON)
Scatter Plot:
To create a scatter plot in Matplotlib we can
use the scatter method. We will also create a
figure and an axis using plt.subplots so we
can give our plot a title and labels.
Histogram:
In Matplotlib we can create a Histogram
using the hist method. If we pass it
categorical data like the points column from
the wine-review dataset it will automatically
calculate how often each class occurs.
Although Python wasn’t specifically
designed to meet the computational needs of
the scientific community, it quickly attracted
the interest of scientists and engineers.
Despite its expressive syntax and a rich
collection of built-in data types (such as
strings, lists, dictionaries),
it became clear that, to provide the necessary
framework for scientific computing, Python
needed to provide an array type for
numerical computing. In 1995, the Python
community formed the matrix-sig, a special
interest group focused on creating a new
array data type. Jim Hugunin, then an MIT
graduate student, developed a C-extension
module called Numeric, based on Jim
Above few are the most popular but the Fulton’s matrix object released the year
visualization and analysis and application of before and incorporating many ideas from
various data recorded in the process of the matrix-sig. In June 1997, Hugunin
blended teaching based on the Python announced that he was leaving the project to
platform; with the use Matplotlib, Seaborn, focus on Jython, an implementation of
Plotly Express, and Altair, the data Python using Java. After Hugunin left, Paul
collection of various educational data Dubois took over as the lead Numeric
generated in the process of blended teaching developer. During these early years, there
through the use of technological means, and was considerable interaction between the
the conversion of these data into a more standard and scientific Python communities.
understandable form for educators through In fact, Guido van Rossum, Python’s
visualization techniques, as well as the Benevolent Dictator For Life (BDFL), was
analysis of the visualization results, to fully an active member of the matrix-sig. This
explore these educational, the value of the close interaction resulted in Python gaining
information behind the data. Data new features and syntax specifically needed
visualization is a simple and clear data by the scientific Python community. While
mining technique, compared with traditional there were miscellaneous changes, such as
questionnaires and other forms of data the addition of complex numbers, many
processing means data visualization can changes focused on providing a more
present the educational information succinct and easier to read syntax for array
contained in the data to help educators manipulation. For instance, the parenthesis
conduct relevant research. around tuples were made optional so that
array elements could be accessed through,
3. Scientific Computing for Python for example, a[0,1] instead of a[(0,1)]. The
slice syntax gained a step argument—a[::2]
instead of just a[:], for example—and an community for several years. This division
ellipsis operator, which is useful when was breached in 2006, when Travis Oliphant
dealing with multidimensional data released NumPy, a significant rewrite of
structures. Over the next five years, a Numeric incorporating the most useful
relatively small but committed community features of numarray. Since then, the SciPy
of scientists and engineers community has rapidly grown and the basic
using Python for its computing needs slowly stack of tools has steadily improved and
formed around Numeric. This community expanded.
continued to improve Numeric and began
developing and sharing additional packages 4. Python for Gaming
for scientific computing. By 2000, there was Python is the most versatile language, and it
a growing number of extension modules and makes its presence almost in every field
increasing interest in creating a complete including Web-development, Machine
environment for scientific computing in Learning, Artificial Intelligence, GUI
Python. Over the next three years, several Application as well as Game Development.
things happened that greatly increased Python provides a built-in library called
Python’s usefulness for scientific pygame, which used to develop the game.
computing. Travis Oliphant, Eric Jones, and Once we understand the basic concepts of
Pearu Peterson merged code they’d written Python programming, we can use the
and called the resulting package SciPy. The pygame library to make games with
newly created package provided a standard attractive graphics, suitable animation, and
collection of common numerical operations sound. Pygame is a cross-platform library
on top of the Numeric array data structure. that is used to design video games. It
Fernando Pérez released the first version of includes computer graphics and sound
IPython, an enhanced interactive shell libraries to give the standard game
widely used in the scientific community. experience to the user. It is developed by
John Hunter released the first version of Pete Shinners to replace PySDL.
matplotlib, The Python package egtplot represents an
the standard 2D plotting library for scientific attempt to make simple, visual analysis of a
computing. However, while Numeric had particular class of evolutionary games–those
proven useful as a foundation for these new with three players and which can be
packages, its code base had become difficult represented by a payoff matrix. Using
to extend and development had slowed. To egtplot, these games can be visualized as
address this problem, Perry Greenfield, static images or as animations with a variety
Todd Miller, and Rick White at the Space of parameters to control what information is
Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, presented in the graphic. EGT is a
Maryland, developed a new array package reformulation of classical game theory
for Python, called numarray, which wherein the players of the game are
pioneered many useful features. members of a population. These members
Unfortunately, the division between do not choose a strategy, but instead are
Numeric and numarray fractured the born with their strategy ingrained, i.e., they
cannot change strategy during the game. In a type of artificial intelligence that extract
biological terms, the strategies might patterns out of raw data by using an
represent discrete species or genotypes, algorithm or method. The key focus of ML
hawks and doves being a classic example. is to allow computer systems to learn from
experience without being explicitly
programmed or human intervention.
classical Pong game which is 2 players game built in egtplot The various libraries it offers for the
Payoffs the players gain or lose based on purpose.
their interactions with other players increase
or decrease their fitness, thereby influencing PyBrain – A flexible, simple yet
the number or proportion of members effective algorithm for ML tasks. It is
playing that strategy in the next generation. also a modular Machine Learning
As such, the populations of strategies can Library for Python providing a variety
wax and wane as they outcompete or are of predefined environments to test and
outcompeted by other strategies. As a very compare algorithms.
general model of cooperation and PyML – A bilateral framework
competition, EGT is well-suited for written in Python that focuses on
quantitative investigations of the dynamics SVMs and other kernel methods. It is
of interactions between populations. EGT supported on Linux and Mac OS X.
has been used to model phenomena from Scikit-learn – Scikit-learn is an
disparate areas of study, from poker efficient tool for data analysis while
(Javarone 2016) to hawks and doves (Smith using Python. It is open source and
and Price 1973) to host-parasite coevolution the most popular general purpose
(Schenk, Traulsen, and Gokhale 2017). machine learning library.
MDP-Toolkit – as a collection of
5. Python for Machine Learning
supervised and unsupervised learning
The world is being obsessed with Artificial
algorithms and other data processing
Intelligence and Machine Learning for some
units that can be combined into data
time already, the Machine Learning (ML) is
processing sequences and more
basically that field of computer science with
complex feed-forward network
the help of which computer systems can
architectures. The implementation of
provide sense to data in much the same way
new algorithms is easy and intuitive.
as human beings do. In simple words, ML is
Applications of Machines Learning- field of Artificial Intelligence. Deep learning
Machine Learning is the most rapidly is a class of machine learning algorithms
growing technology and according to that use several layers of nonlinear
researchers we are in the golden year of AI processing units for feature extraction and
and ML. It is used to solve many real-world transformation. Each successive layer uses
complex problems which cannot be solved the output from the previous layer as input.
with traditional approach. Following are Deep neural networks, deep belief networks
some real-world applications of ML − and recurrent neural networks have been
Emotion analysis applied to fields such as computer vision,
Sentiment analysis speech recognition, natural language
Error detection and prevention processing, audio recognition, social
Weather forecasting and prediction network filtering, machine translation, and
Stock market analysis and forecasting bioinformatics where they produced results
Speech synthesis comparable to and in some cases better than
human experts have. Deep Learning
Speech recognition
Algorithms and Networks are based on the
Customer segmentation
unsupervised learning of multiple levels of
Object recognition features or representations of the data.
Fraud detection Higher-level features are derived from
Fraud prevention lower-level features to form a hierarchical
Recommendation of products to representation, use some form of gradient
customer in online shopping. descent for training.
Challenges in Machines Learning-While
Machine Learning is rapidly evolving, If we want to start coding a deep neural
making significant strides with cybersecurity network, it is better we have an idea how
and autonomous cars, this segment of AI as different framework like Theano,
whole still has a long way to go. The reason TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch etc work.
behind is that ML has not been able to Theano is python library which provides a
overcome number of challenges. The set of functions for building deep nets that
challenges that ML is facing currently are – train quickly on our machine.
Quality of data Theano was developed at the University of
Time-Consuming task Montreal, Canada under the leadership of
Lack of specialist persons Yoshua Bengio a deep net pioneer. Theano
No clear objective for formulating lets us define and evaluate mathematical
business problems expressions with vectors and matrices which
Issue of overfitting & underfitting are rectangular arrays of numbers.
Curse of dimensionality Technically speaking, both neural nets and
Difficulty in deployment input data can be represented as matrices
and all standard net operations can be
6. Python for Deep Learning redefined as matrix operations. This is
Deep structured learning or hierarchical important since computers can carry out
learning or deep learning in short is part of matrix operations very quickly.
the family of machine learning methods Deep learning has produced good results
which are themselves a subset of the broader for a few applications such as computer
vision, language translation, image dog, etc. or as a class or label that best
captioning, audio transcription, molecular describe the image. We as humans learn
biology, speech recognition, natural how to do this task very early in our lives
language processing, self-driving cars, and have these skills of quickly recognizing
brain tumour detection, real-time speech patterns, generalizing from prior
translation, music composition, automatic knowledge, and adapting to different image
game playing and so on. environments.
7. AI in Python
Artificial intelligence is the application of
machine learning to build systems that
simulate human thought processes. It
includes several disciplines such as
machine learning, knowledge discovery,
Graph showing overall use of the deep learning over the years natural language processing, vision, and
Deep learning is the next big leap after human-computer interaction.
machine learning with a more advanced Python offers the least code among others
implementation. Currently, it is heading and is in fact 1/5 the number compared to
towards becoming an industry standard other OOP languages. No wonder it is one
bringing a strong promise of being a game of the most popular in the market today.
changer when dealing with raw
unstructured data. Python has Prebuilt Libraries like
Deep learning is currently one of the best Numpy for scientific computation,
solution providers fora wide ranges of real- Scipy for advanced computing and
world problems. Developers are building Pybrain for machine learning (Python
AI programs that, instead of using Machine Learning) making it one of
previously given rules, learn from examples the best languages For AI.
to solve complicated tasks. With deep Python developers around the world
learning being used by many data scientists, provide comprehensive support and
deeper neural networks are delivering assistance via forums and tutorials
results that are ever more accurate. making the job of the coder easier
The idea is to develop deep neural networks than any other popular languages.
by increasing the number of training layers Python is platform Independent and is
for each network; machine learns more hence one of the most flexible and
about the data until it is as accurate as popular choiceS for use across
possible. Developers can use deep learning different platforms and technologies
techniques to implement complex machine with the least tweaks in basic coding.
learning tasks, and train AI networks to Python is the most flexible of all
have high levels of perceptual recognition. others with options to choose
Deep learning finds its popularity in between OOPs approach and
Computer vision. Here one of the tasks scripting. You can also use IDE itself
achieved is image classification where to check for most codes and is a boon
given input images are classified as cat, for developers struggling with
different algorithms.
Python Libraries for General AI Example of use of python in medical field
Predictive analytics
AIMA – Python implementation of Today, most systems are inefficient in
algorithms from Russell and Norvig’s identifying what would happen next.
‘Artificial Intelligence: A Modern With the help of healthcare data
Approach.’ analytics using Python, doctors can
pyDatalog – Logic Programming predict the right treatment plan or
engine in Python mortality based on the EHR data.
SimpleAI – Python implementation Image based diagnostics
of many of the artificial intelligence Machine learning models can go
algorithms described on the book through MRIs, ECGs, DTIS, and
“Artificial Intelligence, a Modern many more images quickly to identify
Approach”. It focuses on providing any pattern of disease that may be
an easy to use, well documented and shaping up in the body. Healthcare
tested library. data analysis Python shows a perfect
EasyAI – Simple Python engine for representation of the body’s inner
two-players games with AI workings.
(Negamax, transposition tables, game Better patient management
solving). One of the Python benefits in
healthcare is an application where
Python plays a vital role in AI coding patients can schedule and reschedule
language by providing it with good appointments, get answers to common
frameworks like scikit-learn: machine queries, order their medications,
learning in Python, which fulfils almost emergency contact with clinicians,
every need in this field and D3.js – Data- and update their health data.
Driven Documents in JS, which is one of Detection of Parkinson using python
the most powerful and easy-to-use tools for The python libraries used in Parkinson
visualization. detection are scikit-learn, numpy, pandas,
and xgboost.
8. Python in Medical Science With the help of these libraries, we will
Python is a widely used programming build XGBClassifier. We’ll load the data,
language and is beginning to have more get the features and labels, scale the
applications in the healthcare industry. features, then split the dataset, build an
It is used in healthcare industry due to its XGBClassifier, and then calculate the
Machine Learning algorithms, which can be accuracy of our model.
applied to medical image diagnostics, For detection of Parkinson we required
hospital operations management, genomic XGBClassifier and made use of the sklearn
studies, drug discovery and predictive library to prepare the dataset. This gives us
prognosis. an accuracy upto 94.87%, which is great.
One great thing about python is it contain
large numbers of machine learning libraries, V. FUTURE
through the use of these machine learning DEVELOPMENT WITH
libraries in Python, healthcare has seen great PYTHON
innovations and applications.
Python’s success is reflected in the Stack Python currently tops the list of
Overflow trends, which measure the count programming languages for many reasons,
of tags in posts on the platform. Given the including being the best opportunity for
size of StackOverflow, this is quite a good beginners and offering many great and
indicator for language popularity. helpful features for experienced developers.
Thanks to its cutting-edge technologies like
AI, robust support, and extensive libraries,
Python’s future looks very bright. Python
web development allows us to do this: