Name: Date:

Grade 8 Section:
LAS Title: Computer Basics LAS No. 1
Objective: recall basic computer terminologies.
A. Concept Notes

What is a Computer?
- A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data.

Components of a Computer System

1. Hardware is any part of your computer that has a physical structure, such as the keyboard or mouse. It
also includes all the computer's internal parts.
2. Software is any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do. It is what guides the hardware and
tells it how to accomplish each task. Some examples of software include web browsers, games, and word
processors.

Types of Computers
1. Desktop computers
2. Laptop computers
3. Tablet computers
4. Servers
5. Other types of computers

Desktop Computer Styles

1. PC: This type of computer began with the original IBM PC that was introduced in 1981. Today, this is the most
common type of personal computer, and it typically includes the Microsoft Windows operating system.
2. Mac: The Macintosh computer was introduced in 1984, and it was the first widely sold personal computer with a
graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced gooey). All Macs are made by one company, Apple Inc., and they
almost always use the Mac OS X operating system.

Software
1. Operating System - An operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages the
computer's memory, processes, and all its software and hardware. Example: Desktop-Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X,
Linux; Mobile- Android, iOS, Windows Mobile, Blackberry OS
2. Application Software - An app is a type of software that allows you to perform specific tasks. Can be installed
using a CD installer or can be downloaded from the Internet (caution: Indiscriminate downloading may lead to virus
infection on your computer). Example: MS Word, MS Excel, MS Powerpoint, DOTA, COC

Hardware
1. Computer Case - is the metal and plastic box that contains the main components of the computer. It houses the
motherboard, central processing unit (CPU), power supply, and more. It comes in two styles: Desktop or Tower.
2. Monitor - the monitor works with a video card, located inside the computer case, to display images and text on
the screen. It comes in two styles: LED or CRT.
3. Keyboard - the keyboard is one of the primary ways we communicate with the computer and enter data.
4. Mouse - The mouse is a peripheral that is known as a pointing device. It lets you point to objects on the screen,
click on them, and move them. It comes in two styles: Optical or Mechanical.

A. Exercises
Complete the concept map below.

COMPUTER
SOFTWARE ________________

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ ________

 Name: Date:
Grade 8 Section:
LAS Title: Basic Parts of a Computer LAS No. 2
Objective: Identify the basic parts of a desktop computer
A. Concept Notes

Basic Parts of a Computer

- The basic parts of a desktop computer are the computer case, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and power cord.
Each part plays an important role whenever you use a computer.

1. Computer Case - The computer case is the metal and plastic box that contains the main components of the
computer. It houses the motherboard, central processing unit (CPU), power supply, and more. Computer cases
come in different shapes and sizes. A desktop case lies flat on a desk, and the monitor usually sits on top of it. A
tower case is tall and sits next to the monitor or on the floor. The front of the case usually has an on/off switch
and one or more optical drives.
2. Monitor - The monitor works with a video card, located inside the computer case, to display images and text
on the screen. Newer monitors usually have LCD (liquid crystal display) or LED (light-emitting diode) displays.
These can be made very thin, and they are often called flat-panel displays. Older monitors use CRT (cathode ray
tube) displays. CRT monitors are much larger and heavier, and they take up more desk space.
3. Keyboard - The keyboard is one of the primary ways we communicate with the computer and enter data.
There are many different types of computer keyboards, including wired, wireless, ergonomic, and multimedia.
Although there may be differences in the location of some keys or features, keyboards are very similar and allow
you to accomplish basically the same tasks.
4. Mouse - The mouse is a peripheral that is known as a pointing device. It lets you point to objects on the
screen, click on them, and move them. There are two main types of mice: optical and mechanical. The optical
mouse uses an electronic eye to detect movement and is easier to clean. The mechanical mouse uses a rolling
ball to detect movement. Generally, a mechanical mouse is less expensive, although it may require regular
cleaning to keep it working properly. Traditionally, a mouse connects to the computer using a USB or PS/2
connection. However, you can also buy a wireless mouse, which can reduce clutter on your desktop. There are
other devices that can do the same thing as a mouse but that have a different look and feel. Many people find
them to be easier to use, and they also require less desk space than a mouse. The most common mouse
alternatives include:
1. Trackball: A trackball has a ball on top that can rotate freely. Instead of moving the
device like a mouse, you can roll the ball with your fingers to move the pointer. Some mobile
devices have miniature trackballs that can be controlled with your thumb.

2. Touchpad: A touchpad—also called a trackpad—is a touch-sensitive pad that lets you

control the pointer by making a drawing motion with your finger. Touchpads are common on
laptop computers.

B. Exercises
Picture Perfect: Search the internet for pictures of the basic parts of a Computer and paste it here. Label each parts
accordingly.