CALCULATION OF CRACKWIDTH

Max. allowable crackwidth for all liquid retaining structures = 0.10

CALCULATION OF CRACKWIDTH IN FLEXURE FOR WALLS

3acrεm
1+2((acr-cmin)/(h-x))

Checked for critical case

distance of vertical bar from concrete at center (acr2) 300
2 =
= sqrt((cover+φhor+φver/2)2+(spacing bet. Bars/2) )-φver/2 135.00
Max. value considered (acr) = 135.00
min.cover300
to tension steel (C = 70
overall depth of the wall (h) = 450
effective depth of wall (d) = 370
Modulus of elasticity of reinforcement( Es) = 200

Lever arm,
300z=d

lever arm (z) = 351.5

depth to neutral axis (x) = (d-z ) /0.45 = 41.1
depth of stress block (ds) = 0.9*x = 37.00
Design service stress in tension reinforcement (f 300
Service moment (Max. of wall moment considered) ,M 121.77
Area of steel provided (Ast) = 3141.60
Design service stress in tension reinforcement (fs) = 110.27

εm = average strain at the level where the cracking is being considered = ε1 -ε2
ε1 = strain at the level considered = fs/Es x ((h-x)/(d-x)) = 0.001

300 Strain due to the stiffening effect of concrete between cracks.

= (1.5bt(h-x)(a'-x))/(3EsAst(d-x)) for crackwidth of 0.1mm &
(bt(h-x)(a'-x))/(3EsAst(d-x)) for crackwidth of 0.2mm or more
a' = Distance from the compression face to the point at
which the crack width is being calculated = overall depth "h" = 450
bt = width of section at the centroid of the tension steel = 1000
ε2 = 0.000405
εm = 0.000281 section is cracked
Design surface crackwidth (w flexure) = 0.086 mm
Hence does not govern
CALCULATION OF MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT FOR TEMPERATURE & MOISTURE EFFECTS IN
IMMATURE CONCRETE FOR WALLS.
A2 min. reinforcement (pcrit ie critical steel ratio) is given by
pcrit provided ≥ fct/fy
direct tensile strength of immature concrete at the age of 3days, fct = 1.60
fy = 434
pcrit reqd = 0.00369
pcrit provided , ratio of steel to gross area of concrete section reqd for cracking = 0.0140

pcrit provided > pcrit reqd Hence ok

CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM CRACK SPACING FOR TEMPERATURE &
MOISTURE EFFECTS IN IMMATURE CONCRETE FOR WALLS.
A.3 max. spacing of cracks is given by Smax
Smax = (fct/fb) X (φ
fct , tensile strength of concrete = 1.60
fb, bond strength between concrete and steel = 2.4
φ, diameter of bar = 20
p, steel ratio based on areas of surface zones = 0.0140
Maximum spacing of cracks, Smax = 477
CALCULATION OF CRACK WIDTH FOR SHRINKAGE & THERMAL MOVEMENT FOR WALLS
Estimated maximum crack width wmax is given by
wmax = Smax R α (T
T1, fall in temperature between the hydration peak and ambient = 20
T2, Additional seasonal temperature fall = 0
α, coefficient of thermal expansion of mature concrete = 0.000012

R, restraint factor = 0.5

wmax = 0.0573
Less than the allowable crack width Hence Ok

CALCULATION OF CRACKWIDTH IN FLEXURE FOR BASE SLAB

Design surface crackwidth (w flexure) = 3acrεm
1+2((acr-cmin)/(h-x))
Distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar (acr)
Checked for critical case
distance of vertical bar from concrete at center (acr2)
= sqrt((cover+φhor+φver/2)2+(spacing bet. Bars/2)2)-φver/2 = 98.47
Max. value considered (acr) = 98.47
min.cover to tension steel (Cmin) = 70
overall depth of the baseslab (h) = 500
effective depth of baseslab (dbase) = 422
Modulus of elasticity of reinforcement (Es) = 200
 Ultimate bending moment in baseslab(Mu) = 182.66
K' (Assuming moment redistribution <10%) = 0.156
2
k = Mu/fcubdbase = 0.026
For k < k' then z is given by
Lever arm, z = dbase(0.5+sqrt(0.25-k/0.9) or 0.95dbase whichever is least
lever arm (z) = 400.9
depth to neutral axis (x)=(d-z ) /0.45 = 46.9
depth of stress block(ds) = 0.9xZ = 42.20
Design service stress in tension reinforcement (fs) = M/Ast(d-d
service moment (M) = 121.77
(Max. of baseslab moment considered)
Area of steel provided (Ast) = 2011
Design service stress in tension reinforcement (fs) = 151.07
εm , average strain at the level where the cracking is being considered = ε1 -ε2
ε1 , strain at the level considered = fs/Es x ((h-x)/(d-x))
= 0.000912
Max. pressure
ε2 , Strain
due todue
soiltoand
theG.W.at
stiffening
walleffect
baseofoutside
concrete
pit between cracks.

= (1.5bt(h-x)(a'-x))/(3EsAst(d-x)) for crackwidth of 0.1mm &

(bt(h-x)(a'-x))/(3EsAst(d-x)) for crackwidth of 0.2mm or more
a' , Distance from the compression face to the point at
which the crack width is being calculated =overall depth "h"
= 500 mm
bt , width of section at the centroid of the tension steel
= 1000 mm
ε2 = 0.000681
εm = 0.000232 section is cracked
Design surface crackwidth(w flexure) = 0.061 mm
Less than the allowable crack width Hence Ok
 mm

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0.001

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0.00369

) X (φ/2p)
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mm c/c

α (T1+T2)
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/c
o
/c
o
0.000012 /c

0.0573 mm

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