Biology
Name :
Centre Name :
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9-1)
Chapter- 6 & 7 + Book Question
SET-B
Time Duration : 1 hour 30 minutes Date:
Grade
Total Marks Obtain Marks Percentages(%)
80
Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre name.
Answer all questions.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided – there may be
more space than you need.
Show all your working in calculations and include units
where appropriate.
Answer All the Question
1 (a) A person touches a sharp pin.
The diagram shows the reflex arc involved in the response to this stimulus.
(i) Name the parts labelled A, B, C and D.
(4)
A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C ...................................................................................
D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Explain how this reflex arc protects the body. (2)
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(b) Reflexes in animals and phototropism in plants are both responses to stimuli.
(i) Give two similarities between the mechanisms involved in each response.
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(ii) Give two differences between the mechanisms involved in each response.
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(Total 10 marks)
2
(a) Complete the table by giving two sense organs that the dogs use to detect the arrival of food and
the stimulus that each sense organ detects.
(2)
(b) Explain how reflex responses, such as blinking (line 2), differ from other nerve responses, such as
picking up a pencil.
(2)
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(c) Pavlov originally conditioned the dogs with a tuning fork of note B. The dogs would then produce
saliva when the tuning fork was hit.
Different tuning forks produce notes of different frequencies as shown in the box.
(i) Suggest why notes G and D produce a greater response in the dogs than notes E and F.
(1)
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(ii) Suggest how Pavlov might have measured the size of the conditioned response.
(2)
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(d) Scientists make conclusions about humans from studying animal behaviour.
Suggest two reasons why these conclusions may not be valid.
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(Total 9 marks)
3 (a) Diagram 1 shows a section through an eye with parts labelled A to F.
(i) Give the letter that labels the cornea.
(1)
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(ii) Give the letter that labels a jelly-like fluid.
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(iii) Give the function of part A.
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(b) Diagram 2 shows a section through the eye of a person with a detached retina.
Suggest how a detached retina could affect vision.
(2)
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(c) A person’s response to a changing environment involves communication by nervesand by hormones.
State three differences between communication by nerves and communication by hormones.
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(Total 8 marks)
4The graph shows the changes in blood glucose in a healthy woman over a 12-hour period.
(a) How does the body bring about a decrease in blood glucose at Y? Your b answer should include the
words insulin, liver and pancreas.
(3)
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(b) Diabetes is a disease where the body cannot control the concentration of glucose in the blood.
(i) Why is this dangerous?
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(ii) Describe two ways a person with diabetes can monitor their blood glucose level.
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(iii) Explain two ways that a person with diabetes can help to control their blood glucose level.
(3)
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(c) Identify the hormones A to D in the table.
(4)
Hormones One function of this hormone
A Stimulates the liver to convert glucose to glycogen
B Controls the ‘fight or flight’ responses
C Controls the breaking of the voice at puberty in boys
D Completes the development of the uterus lining during the menstrual cycle
(Total 13 Marks)
5 Neurones transmit nerve impulses.
The diagram shows a neurone.
(a) This neurone is involved in the withdrawal reflex of a finger from a hot object.
The neurone transmits electrical impulses from the central nervous system to the
effector.
(i) Draw a circle on the diagram to show the part of the neurone where the
impulses are transferred to the effector. (1)
(iii) Explain the advantage of a withdrawal reflex when a finger touches a hot object. (2)
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(b) Some neurones do not have a myelin sheath.
A scientist investigates the impulse speed for neurones with different diameters. She does this for
neurones with a myelin sheath and neurones without a myelin sheath.
The graph shows the scientist’s results.
(i) Which conclusion is supported by the graph? (1)
(ii) A neurone with a myelin sheath has a diameter of 1.0 µm.
Use the graph to determine the speed of an impulse in this neurone. (1)
speed = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. m per s
(iii) The neurone is 90 cm long.
Calculate the time taken for an impulse to travel along this neurone.
Give your answer in standard form. (3)
time = .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s
(Total 9 marks)
6 Humans can control their internal environment.
(a) State the term used to describe the control of an organism’s internal environment. (1)
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(b) Coordination uses hormones and nerves.
Some responses are simple reflex arcs.
Describe the structure and functioning of the withdrawal reflex of a finger from a hot object.
(4)
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(c) Humans use their skin to regulate their body temperature. The diagram shows a
section through the skin with two structures labelled A and B.
Changes take place in the skin when a person moves from a warm environment
to a cold environment.
(i) Explain the changes that take place in structure A as a person enters a
cold environment. (2)
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(ii) Explain the changes that take place in structure B as the person enters a
cold environment. (3)
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(Total 10 marks)
7. A student carried out an experiment to find out the best conditions for the enzyme pepsin to digest
protein. For the protein, she used egg white powder, which forms a cloudy white suspension in water. The
table below shows how the four tubes were set up.
Tube Contents
A 5 cm3 egg white suspension, 2 cm3 pepsin, 3 drops of dilute acid. Tube kept at 370 C
B 5 cm3 egg white suspension, 2 cm3 distilled water, 3 drops of dilute acid. Tube kept at 370 C
C 5 cm3 egg white suspension, 2 cm3 pepsin, 3 drops of dilute acid. Tube kept at 200C
D 5 cm3 egg white suspension, 2 cm3 pepsin, 3 drops of dilute alkali. Tube kept at 370 C
The tubes were left for 2 hours and the results were then observed.
Tube B, C and D were still cloudy. Tube A had gone clear.
a. Three tubes were kept at 370 C. why was this temperature chosen?
(1)
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b. Explain what had happened to the protein in tube A.
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c. Why did tube D stay cloudy?
(2)
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d. Tube B is called a control. Explain what this means.
(2)
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e. Tube C was left for another 3 hours. Gradually it started to clear. Explain why digestion of the
protein happened more slowly in the tube.
(2)
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f. The lining of the stomach secretes hydrochloric acid. Explain the function of this.
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g. When the stomach contents pass into the duodenum, they are still acidic. How are they
neutralized?
(3)
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(Total 15 marks)
8. Describe four adaptations of the small intestine (ileum) that allow it to absorb digested food efficiently.
(6)
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[TOTAL FOR PAPER: 80 MARKS]
