JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY

The Premier University in Zamboanga Del Norte

Main Campus, Dapitan City
JRMSU STUDENT GOVERNMENT ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM
THROUGH WEB AND ANDROID APPLICATION

A Thesis Presented to
The Faculty of the College of Computer Studies
College of Computer Studies
Jose Rizal Memorial State University
Main Campus, Dapitan City

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science

John Kevin I. Cabual

McCarthy A. Vidal
John Rey P. Labadlabad
Bryan Dave P. Bayron

MAY 2022

ii
 Republic of the Philippines
JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY
The Premier University in Zamboanga Del Norte
Main Campus, Dapitan City

CERTIFICATION

This Thesis entitled “JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System

through Web and Android Application” has been submitted by John Kevin Cabual,

McCarthy Vidal, Bryan Dave P. Bayron, and John Rey Labadlabad in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the degree: Bachelor of Science in Computer Science

has been reviewed, checked and verified by the undersigned as to grammar, coherence, and

organization.

JAYSON N. SAGAPSAPAN, MA-English

English Critic

iii
 Republic of the Philippines
JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY
The Premier University in Zamboanga Del Norte
Main Campus, Dapitan City

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that John Kevin I. Cabual, McCarthy A. Vidal, Bryan Dave P.

Bayron and John Rey P. Labadlabad are taking Project Thesis for degree Bachelor of

Science in Computer Science during the second semester of the academic year 2021-2022.

JOHN D. SAGAPSAPAN, MSIT

Thesis Instructor

This thesis entitled “JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System

through Web and Android Application” prepared and submitted John Kevin I. Cabual,

McCarthy A. Vidal, Bryan Dave P. Bayron, and John Rey P. Labadlabad has been

examined and is recommended for oral examination on May 2022.

iv
 Republic of the Philippines
JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY
The Premier University in Zamboanga Del Norte
Main Campus, Dapitan City

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that John Kevin I. Cabual, McCarthy A. Vidal, Bryan Dave P.

Bayron and John Rey P. Labadlabad are taking Project Thesis for degree Bachelor of

Science in Computer Science during the second semester of the academic year 2021-2022.

CHARLIE D. BAGUIO, MSIT

Thesis Adviser

This thesis entitled “JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System through Web

and Android Application” prepared and submitted John Kevin I. Cabual, McCarthy A.

Vidal, Bryan Dave P. Bayron, and John Rey P. Labadlabad has been examined and is

recommended for oral examination on May 2022.

v
 Republic of the Philippines
JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY
The Premier University in Zamboanga Del Norte
Main Campus, Dapitan City

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that John Kevin I. Cabual, McCarthy A. Vidal, Bryan Dave P.

Bayron and John Rey P. Labadlabad are taking Project Thesis for degree Bachelor of

Science in Computer Science during the second semester of the academic year 2021-2022.

ARMANDO T. SAGUIN JR. MSIT

OIC, Dean, College of Computer Studies

This thesis entitled “JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System through Web

and Android Application” prepared and submitted John Kevin I. Cabual, McCarthy A.

Vidal, Bryan Dave P. Bayron, and John Rey P. Labadlabad has been examined and is

recommended for oral examination on May 2022.

vi
 Republic of the Philippines
JOSE RIZAL MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY
The Premier University in Zamboanga Del Norte
Main Campus, Dapitan City

APPROVAL SHEET
This Thesis entitled “JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System
Through Web and Android Application” has been prepared and submitted by John
Kevin I. Cabual, McCarthy A. Vidal, Bryan Dave P. Bayron, and John Rey P.
Labadlabad It has been reviewed and is recommended for acceptance and approval for
final defense on May 26.

JAYSON N. SAGAPSAPAN, MA-ENGLISH JOHN D. SAGAPSAPAN, MSIT

English Critic Thesis Instructor

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

JOSEPH AURLIUS P. JACINTO, MSIT JOHN D. SAGAPSAPAN, MSIT

Member Member

ED NIEL O. MARATAS, MA
Member
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment for the subject Project Thesis leading
to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science during the second semester,
AY 2021-2022 by the Dean of College of Computer Studies.

ARMANDO T. SAGUIN JR. MSIT

OIC, Dean, College of Computer Studies

vii
 Dedication

This research is dedicated to our loving friends, who have always been a source of

inspiration and strength when we were on the verge of giving up, and who remain to

provide moral, spiritual, emotional, and financial support.

Most importantly, we dedicate this project to God Almighty, our creator, pillar, and

source of inspiration, wisdom, knowledge, and understanding. Throughout this process, He

has been our source of strength, and we have only been able to fly on His wings.

This study is also dedicated to the adviser, Prof. Charlie Bagiuo., and panel

members namely: Prof. Ed Neil O. Maratas, Prof. John D. Sagapsapan, and Engr. Joseph

Aurelius P. Jacinto for showing their support to the researchers. Their expert advices,

lessons, and opinions have tremendously helped the researchers in completing their study

and making of the system.

The researchers are filled with gratitude for the aid that they have received from

different individuals. Their guidance, understanding, and assists have paved the way for the

researchers into accomplishing this study.

The Researchers
viii
 Acknowledgement

Without the help of a few people, this thesis would not have been completed, and we owe

them a debt of gratitude.

John Kevin, McCarthy, John Rey, and Bryan, our group/learning partners, played

such vital roles along the way as we worked together to make sense of the numerous

problems we encountered and to encourage one another when it seemed impossible to keep

going.

Mr. John Sagapsapan, our instructor, deserves our gratitude and appreciation for the

deft ways in which you lovingly challenged and supported us throughout this work,

knowing when to push and when to back off.

We want to express our gratitude to those who assisted us in producing this

capstone, for reading and re-reading drafts, proofreading, and helping us when the task’s

difficulty nearly defeated us. Most importantly, praise is to God, who continues to make

the impossible possible.

The Researchers
ix
Table of contents

Title ii

Certification iii-iv

Dedication viii

Acknowledgement ix

Table of contents x-xi

Abstract 1

Chapter 1: The Problem and Its Scope

Introduction 2-4

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework 4-7

Schema of the Study 8-9

Statement of the Problem 10

Significance of the Study 10-11

Scope and Delimitations of the Study 11

Definition of Terms 12-13

Chapter 2: Review of the Related Literature and Studies

Related Literature 14-18

Chapter 3: Research Methodology

Method Used 19-20

Research Environment 20

Project Development Process 20-22

Data Gathering 23

x
Requirement Analysis 23

System Project Design 24-27

Use Case Diagram 28-29

Class Diagram 30-31

Activity Diagram 32-33

Sequence Diagram 34-37

Data Flow Diagram 37-42

Evaluation Procedure 43

Research Instrument 43

Respondents of the Study 44

Sampling Design and Techniques 47-45

Chapter 4: Result and Discussion

Results and Discussion 48-58

Chapter 5: Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations

Summary 59-60

Findings 60

Conclusions 61

Recommendation 61

References 62-63

Appendices 64

Appendix A GUI 65-68

Appendix B Code 66-89

Curriculum Vitae
xi
 1

ABSTRACT

This past years SSG elections are relying on the traditional voting system which is

the manual voting. As the era of technology is rising, election system has slowly evolved.

The researcher tried to develop an online system for SSG voting entitled “JRMSU Student

Government Online Voting System through Web and Android Application” to make the

students could easily vote without any hassle. It utilized constructive and action research

method. By using the proposed system students can choose to vote through web or android

application in accordance with their comfortability. This system offers a user-friendly

design that allows pupils to quickly learn how to use it and understand it. In general, the

student would be required to register using their I.D. and use their phone number for

verification and notification. The overall acceptability rating is 4.1 which mean that the

system is much acceptable. The researchers concluded that the "JRMSU Student

Government Online Voting System Through Wen And Android" has already proven to be

more useful for students at the university during the SSG election.
 2

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction

Technology plays an increasingly important role in our daily lives, particularly

during election season. Today's technology is extremely beneficial in many situations, and

it is increasingly integrated into people's daily lives. It contributes to the expansion of

human existence and knowledge of reality. High technology is becoming a growing

worldwide concern. This simply indicates that human individuals' knowledge is expanding

like before. Even in everyday use, technology becomes a part of our lives. Things that

utilize technology are used more frequently by humans. Technology is like a virus that

spreads and evolves on a daily basis.

Technology is the application of scientific truths and knowledge to meet a person's

material and technological needs. The core concept of technology is an innovation that

aims to commercialize inventions. It is not impossible that all of the tasks and transactions

previously performed by humans can now be completed by technological means, using

great ideas derived from difficulties that lead to solutions, and will be developed.

This past years SSG elections are relying on the traditional voting system which is

the manual voting. As the era of technology is rising, election system has slowly evolved.

The researcher tried to develop an online system for SSG voting entitled “JRMSU Student

Government Online Voting System through Web and Android Application” for the
 3

convenience of the students vote easily without any hassle. Online Voting can help you

increase your voter turnout and give the elections more reliable.

All eligible voters received a personal ID (e.g., Unique Students Number) and a

one-time password, the students can only use to vote using their phone number that is being

registered. With this data, students can access the online Voting System through a secure

two-step authentication process. After logging into the Voting System, the Online ballot

will be display and voters could cast their votes.

The digital ballot box stores all completed ballots and cannot be tampered

throughout the entire election. Only the number of votes casted would be visible to the

election officer during the election. After the election period the ballots are counted

automatically by the Systems, allowing the returning officer to access the election results

at one click of a button.

All you need to vote online is a device connected to the internet. As the election

officer, you can decide how to make the electoral roll available, how voter information

should be delivered and how the election results should be distributed

According to (Ofori-Dwumfou and E. Paatey, 2011) Manual voting associated

problems with each phase of the electoral are known as, invalid votes, long voting

processing, and delays in result publication. A vote is considered to be invalid if the

thumbprint has not been placed at the right spot. Also, a ballot paper which is improperly

folded can be the cause of an invalid vote. (The EC has published that an average of 2 to

2.5% of invalid votes are recorded during every election.) The manual voting exercise
 4

involves a number of steps that result in long queues. This is because each voter takes a

considerable amount of time to vote. It has been gathered that it takes the EC about three

days to eventually publish a presidential election result.

The utilization of manual voting process can contribute on delay in generating the

final and official results, invalid votes and long voting processing.

The researcher tried to develop an online system for SSG voting in JRMSU for the

student to vote even if they are outside the school premises due to COVID-19 pandemic.

By using the proposed system students can choose to vote through web or android

application in accordance with their comfortability. This system offers a user-friendly

design that allows them to quickly learn how to use it and understand it. In general, the

student will be required to register using their I.D. and use their phone number for

verification and notification.

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

This study is anchored on (Dahlbom & Mathiassen 1993-1996). Technological

determinism is the theory that a developing technology will have social consequences

(good or bad impacts) for us to foresee and then live with). Technical experts develop their

artefacts as if their use were determined by their functional properties. In this view, the

users of these new systems feature mainly as passive victims and society is shaped by

technology.

This is not how we approached the development of electronic voting systems. Our

point of departure is that technology is a social phenomenon shaped by the society

 5

producing it. We avoid a deterministic view, where the technology produces good or bad

impacts. The role of a certain technology will be determined by the social context into

which it is introduced. In other words, technology is socially shaped or constructed by its

users. Therefore, as social constructionists we are interested in engaging the immediate

users, as well as others who will be affected by our system, in the development and design

process. The design of the technology should be a democratic process. Social

constructionists see the complexity of the interplay between society and technology. The

ways in which the boundary between ‘social’ and ‘technical’ processes or artefacts is

negotiated should be examined, rather than accepting it as ‘given’ or taken for granted

(Green, Owen and Pain, 1993). If we do not correct the tendency to neglect social and

behavioural issues, the result may be an uncritical introduction of new voting technologies,

without any fundamental reflection about the technical, but more importantly, about the

political, social, and organisational modalities of the systems introduced. The aim of our

research is to provide fundamental and applied knowledge about the effects media on

voting behaviour and opinion articulation, to improve social choice in designing and

implementing electronic voting technologies. The context of technology can have an

impact on issues such as social identity, trust and digital divide. We will look at how these

three mechanisms influence voting preference and voting turnout in more detail.

This study is based on the concept of “Eastern Visayas State University entitled

Web App Voting System (WAVS) at Tanuan Campus”, which can transformed the voting

experience of university students. The study aimed to determine the extent of usability of

the WAVS in the Supreme Student Government election. A total of 203 students (voters)
 6

served as the respondents using a convenient sampling technique. A descriptive

quantitative research design was employed to present the respondent views and opinions.

The study revealed the system evaluation to be “Excellent” in all factors of usability

components on effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with a grand mean. The

WAVS exceeded the user’s requirements on the context of use principles allowing them to

perform their tasks efficiency and effectively. The result of the study presents an interesting

direction of the system implementation across campuses of the university. Developer

should consider the security measures on voter’s identity and network firewall encryption.

Finally, developers of the system should always consider the usability principles and user

requirements in developing an effective and efficient information system.

The development of the Web App Voting System in Eastern Visayas State University

– Tanuan Campus is one of the promising system innovations in the University. The system

transformed the students voting experience in the University. It eliminates the tedious and

repetitive task of manual counting casted ballots during the Supreme Student Government

(SSG) Election. This Application is used to produce a competitive advantage for

transparent, effective and efficient services to its stakeholder. The development of Web

App Voting System answers the call of university students for clean and transparent

election using information system automation.

Therefore, the researcher get an ideas to create a new system entitled “ JRMSU

Student Government Online Voting System through Web and Android Application” with

the help of this concept.

 7

Figure 1. shows the framework of the concept about the study. This is a cloud-based

desktop interface used at the online pool-site and by remote voters to access the e-voting

system located in the cloud. The vote counting used for counting the votes. Votes for each

candidate vying in the election are separated in this server. The voting servers separate the

details of the voters from the votes cast. The votes are stored in the vote storing server

while the details of the voters are stored in this voters list server. Android and PC devices

would be the tools that are used for the user to vote for the SSG election. The data that has

been transmitted will be stored in database. The data from the database that has been

submitted by the voter will be generated by the administrator to the cloud server. In order

to view all the votes from the voters the admin needs a computer where the database

installed.

CLOUD SERVER

VOTE VOTERS LIST VOTE

COUNTING STORING

USER
USER
ADMIN APPLICATION

Figure No. 1 Architectural Framework

 8

Schema of the Study

The schema of the study is represented by the diagram. Figure 2 represents the three

connected boxes: input, process and output. The schema of the study presents the relevant

problems, input or the information from any sources of input, process, and output.

The First box shows the input such as cell phone as the main equipment or tools for

accessing system. Network connectivity is the pathway to access the system on the local

area and the raw data of student for assessment in the system where information is an input

to generate. An application program is a computer program designed to perform a group

of coordinated functions tasks or activities for the benefit of the user. A password is an un-

spaced sequence of characters used to determine that an android user requesting access to

an application system is really that particular user. Specific input is candidate’s data and

privacy of the system conduct.

The second box is the process that shows the system development cycle. It shows

the process and the system development life cycle containing the following processes. Data

gathering, Requirement analysis, Designing, Coding, Testing and evaluation,

Implementation, and Documentation. The specific processes are the following: web,

android and SMS.

The third box represents the output of the system JRMSU Student Government

Online Voting System through Web and Android. The output is to finish at the process

ends. The specific outputs of this system to make the SSG election online.
 9

FEEDBACK

INPUT

1.Tablet/cell phone

2. Network

Connectivity
OUTPUT
3. Application
JRMSU SSG GOV.
4. Password
Online Voting System
5. Candidate
through Web, and
6. android
Android

PROCESS

1. Data Gathering

2. Requirements Analysis

3. Designing

4. Coding

5. Testing and Evaluation

6. Implementation

7. Documentation

Figure No.2 Schema of the Study

 10

Statement of the problem

The researchers aimed to develop of JRMSU Student Government Voting System

through Web and Android in Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Main campus, Dapitan

City during the second semester school year 2021-2022 that will produce attributes related

to its functionality, reliability, and usability of the system.

Specially, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the current status of JRMSU Student Government Voting System?

2. What system that can be developed and its processes involved to enhance the voting

for JRMSU?

3. What features of the existing system that can be fused into one composite system?

4. How does the JRMSU Student Government Voting System through Web and

Android be assessed in terms of:

4.1. Functionality.

4.2. Reliability,

4.3.Usability; and

4.4 Security?

Significance of the study

The study system entitled of JRMSU Student Government Voting System through Web

and Android. A system based online voting in SSG officials in Jose Rizal Memorial State

University. This study helps the students in JRMSU in electing their SSG officials to lessen
 11

their burdens during voting period. Further, this also helps SSG admins to know all the

information and results during election period. It will be beneficial to the following:

Students. This study would help the student in order to vote their candidates through

the use of mobile technology.

Candidates. This study would help the candidates to access and update their records.

Future Researchers. This would benefit other researchers who wish to have similar

studies as they can get background information from the result of this study which will

serve as template to modify their research. This study helps the researcher to widen their

programming skills and system analysis skills.

Scope and Delimitations of the study

This study focuses on JRMSU Student Government Voting System through Web,

Android and SMS. This study is specially designed for automatic voting through Web,

Android and SMS for any school elections in Jose Rizal Memorial State University. It has

the capacity to add and save a classified data, Candidates and school Officers has the

capability to monitor the results. The admin will be the one to receive all the data that has

been sent. Before the information has been gathered, the officers and admin will monitor

the results as to identify the winners.

Proposed system does not cover high school students as well as senior/junior high

school students who are enrolled in the university.

 12

Definition of terms

All terms are defined operationally;

Android application – Is a computer program designed to perform a group

coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user through android

devices.

Candidate – the one who will represent each position in the student council.

Canvass – the process of counting the votes of the voter.

Database - It is a storage of organized collected data for one or more

Purposes, usually in digital form.

Display- to display the list of registered candidates.

Election – The process of electing candidates for SSG and JRMSU for the

following positions namely, President, Vice President, Governor, and a Representative.

Functionality - In information technology, it is the sum of any aspects of a

Product, such as software application or computing device, can do for a user.

JRMSU Student Government Voting System Through Web and Android – It

is a computerized system that processes the candidate winners in an election. It is an

application using web, android application, or SMs to select an electoral candidate, the

result of which has been selected will be automatically tallied to the scoring board of a

server, where in the total of the results will be tallied according to their electoral votes.
 13

Invalid – informal vote, not counted votes.

Log in – to entering username and password to recognize you to begin a computer.

MySQL - It is a freely available open-source Relational Database

Management System (RDBMS) that uses Structured Query Language (SQL).

SQL is the most popular language for adding, accessing and managing data

Stored in a database.

Print- to produce a copy of result in automated election.

Reliability – The ability of the system to consistently perform its intended function

or mission, on demand and without degradation or failure.

Revise/Review – reedit the vote.

SSG – stands for Supreme Student Government is a student organization that

governs the student in a certain university

Submit - to save the vote of the voter to the system.

Usability - It is a set of attributes that bears on the effort needed for use and on

the individual calculation of such use stated or implied set of users.

Update – to bring up to date and save the changes you made session.

Voter – one who votes/one who has the right to vote in the system.

Web – Is a web page that is program designed for online voting purpose.
 14

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents gathered information and materials which have relevance to

the study and can serve as reference in understanding the nature of the topic. Also included

in this chapter is the Conceptual Framework upon which the study will be analyzed. These

facts and data were collected from various books, articles and websites.

Related Literature

According to the article “WEB-BASED ONLINE ELECTION SYSTEM FOR

COLLEGE STUDENT ORGANIZATION USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY” by

Mark Paul A Cañeda, Christian Quiza, Joseph M Pateña, Karl C Cabangon (2019), this

capstone project focused on the design of a next generation online voting system based on

Blockchain technology can help institutions and colleges meet their electoral needs. The

present election in several colleges in the Philippines is conducted in a traditional manner,

with manual counting of votes, which is vulnerable to data tampering, fraud, and data loss,

even if an electronic voting system exists. The researchers wanted to create a web-based

electronic voting system that would give a secure and adaptable voting mechanism to

address voter votes, hacking, and system destruction. As a result, a Blockchain-based

voting system can improve ballot security, speed up real-time processing of results, and

make voting easier. It is also possible to create an open, auditable voting system. The study

addressed security concerns and ensured that election methods were kept confidential,

accurate, and accessible.

 15

According to the article “Integration of Biometric sensor with Aadhaar for Voting

Process” by (Thamizharasan, N., & Geetha, A. 2017), the concurrence and the consent of

the Election Commission of India, Biometric sensor can be integrated with Aadhaar

system, along with the EVM (Electronic Voting Machine), to ensure the authenticity of the

voters and to avoid challenged (Fake) votes. In our existing election system, the main

challenge we face is the problem of challenged votes. This issue can be addressed by

implementing Biometric sensor along with the EVM. As the majority of the citizens are

provided with Aadhaar card, which consists of the fingerprint pattern, along with the other

necessary details, it is easy for the sensor to be synchronized with the Aadhaar database.

In the study of “A Computerized Touchscreen Student Voting System for the

Universities and Colleges” by (Jeff Galapon Pereyras Pangasinan State University -

Lingayen Campus - 2019), The research was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the

existing student voting system of the Universities an1d Colleges, particularly in the

Pangasinan State University - Lingayen Campus, where it was taken as a sample, as a basis

for proposing a computerized touchscreen student voting system. The study utilized the

descriptive-developmental method of research. In gathering data needed in this study, the

questionnaire-checklist, casual interview and observation techniques were resorted to. The

data gathered through the questionnaire were organized and tabulated. Analysis of data was

done through the use of such statistical tools as weighted mean and t-test. After a thorough

consideration of the findings and conclusions of this study, the researcher highly

recommends that the management of the different Universities and Colleges, particularly

the sample University, the Pangasinan State University - Lingayen Campus, with the
 16

approval of the Students’ Affairs Office and the University Student Council adopt the

proposed computerized touchscreen student voting system in the near future.

As stated in the study of Web-Based Online Election System for College Student

Organization Using Blockchain Technology by Mark Paul A. Cañeda, Christian Quiza,

Joseph M Pateña, Karl C. Cabangon (2019), capstone project focused on the design of a

next generation online voting system based on Blockchain technology, to strengthen the

electoral needs of universities and colleges. The issue with the current election in some

colleges here in the Philippines is performed in a traditional way, counting the votes

manually, that is prone to data tampering, fraud, and data lost, even though there’s an

existing electronic voting system it is not sufficient. The researchers aimed to develop a

web-based electronic voting system, which provides a secure and flexible voting

mechanism to solve the problem of voter votes, hacking, and destroying systems.

In accordance with the study of Web App Voting System in A Philippine State

University by Jessie Richie Naval de los Santos, Michael B. Batan, Giovanni N. de los

Santos, Michelle G. de los Santos (2020), Fourth Industrial REvolution offers various

technological innovations that contribute significant advantages to the university. The

WAVS exceeded the users’ requirements on the context of use principles allowing them to

perform their tasks efficiently and effectively. The results of the study present an

interesting direction of the system implementation across campuses of the university.

Developers should consider the mobility of system connectivity using a secured virtual

private network (VPN) of the university. Implement security measures on voter’s identity

and network firewall encryption. Finally, developers of the system should always consider
 17

the usability principles and user requirements in developing an effective and efficient

information system.

In the study of “An Online Voting System for Colleges and Universities: A Case

Study of National Association of Science Students (NASS), University of Calabar” by

(Idongesit E. Eteng, Ugochi D. Ahunanya and Paul U. Umoren – 2018), online voting

system that was designed to meet the electoral needs of universities and colleges.. In

designing the Online Voting System, Flowcharts, Use Case Diagrams and Data Flow

Diagrams (DFD) were also employed. Practical Implications: It can be concluded that the

Online Voting System incorporates all the features of a regular Voting system but offers

an alternative method of conducting elections that is less stressful, easier and faster through

the use of a network. It eliminates the moribund activities associated with the manual

system and reduces drastically the duration of elections, thus, resulting in huge financial

savings. It is thus recommended for use in any election if well adjusted.

As stated in Android Based Online Voting System by Santosha Bhat (2017), Voter

can use his voting right online without any difficulty. He has to be registered first for him

to vote.. The system Administrator registers the voters on a special site of the system visited

by him only by simply filling a registration form to register voter. Citizens seeking

registration are expected to contact the system administrator to submit their details. After

the validity of them being citizens of India has been confirmed by the system administrator

by comparing their details submitted with those in existing databases such as those as the

Registrar of Persons, the citizen is then registered as voter. After registration, the voter is
 18

assigned a secret Voter ID with which he/she could use to log into the system and enjoy

services provided by the system such as voting. If invalid/wrong details are submitted, then

the citizen is not registered to vote.

Figure No. 3 Android Based Online Voting System

 19

Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The methodology chosen must be appropriate for system development, as the

methodology will serve as a step-by-step guide for creating a system. The methods used

in the establishment of the JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System through

Web and Android will be explained in this chapter.

Method Used

The researchers used constructive and action research methods. According to

(Kasanen et al., 1993) that there are two research methods are used extensively in the

creation or application of new computing and information technology approaches for use

in differing domains: constructive research and action research. The constructive research

method is a systematic approach that enables the purposeful creation of methods,

modules, tools, and techniques that have applicability well beyond the case study that

motivated their creation. It is a research paradigm widely used in computer science,

mathematics, operations analysis, and clinical medicine. The focus is on the construction,

with theoretical demonstration as well as practical implementations as valid outcomes of

the research process.

Action research, as the name suggests, involves taking action, evaluation, and

critical reflection (Koshy et al., 2011). Within the context of computing and information

technology research, it refers to taking the action of introducing a computing and

information technology solution then evaluating and reflecting on its value. Action
 20

research has been demonstrated in transdisciplinary research with its participatory and

collaborative focus used as a driver for the interaction between many disciplines along with

the broad context of taking action on the broad transdisciplinary innovation (Djanibekov

et al., 2012).

Research Environment

JRMSU (Jose Rizal Memorial State University) is a state university in the

Philippines. Philippines, with its main campus situated in Dapitan City. It's true, mandated

to give higher levels of professional, technical, and special training for particular goals,

and to encourage advanced research and extension services research and innovative

leadership in the fields of education, agriculture, the arts, and science as well as other fields.

The researchers conducted this study, titled "JRMSU STUDENT GOVERNMENT

Internet VOTING SYSTEM THROUGH WEB AND ANDROID," in which the project's

implementation mainly focused on choosing SSG at JRMSU via online to relieve students'

difficulties.

Project Development Process

Project Development process takes a transportation improvement from concept

through construction. It covers a range of activities extending to early planning, public

outreach, and evaluation so that project needs, goals and objectives, issues, and impacts

can be identified before significant resources are expended. The Project Life Cycle refers

to a logical sequence of activities to accomplish the project’s goals or objectives. The

project development process spans that period of time that begins with feasibility studies

and ends with the completion of development. The development process is tied to the legal
 21

requirements of environmental laws and regulations; it melds engineering requirements

and Caltrans management approval steps with the environmental process.

It consists of events which are necessary to complete a project. The System

Development Life Cycle used to develop and maintain Information Systems. It focuses on

the software engineering phases, processes, tools and techniques for building and/or

implementing the IT solution. The phases are: Analysis, Design, Development, Integration

and Testing, Implementation.

Figure. Illustrates the cycle of the system where the individual process output of

the study. If error was found, it will flow the same procedure. It gives information to

everyone who uses this study for their proposal method and can help them verify the

procedure and process of the system JRMSU STUDENT GOVERNMENT ONLINE

VOTING SYSTEM THROUGH WEB AND ANDROID.

 22

1
Data Gathering

2
7 Documentation Requirement
Analysis

3
6 Implementation Designing

5 4
Testing and Coding
Evaluation

Figure No.4 System Development Life Cycle

 23

Data Gathering

To get more information, the researcher conducted a group of interviews and asked

a series of questions to the students and professionals with experience and knowledge of

the Online Voting System.

There are five questions in each of the software quality factors that need to be

answered in terms of functionality, usability, and reliability as stated on the evaluation

sheet. The researchers manually counted the responses after the survey, then verified the

results by interpreting the survey.

Requirement Analysis

After gathering all the hardware and software requirements and other relevant

information, the researchers then analyzed all the requirements and procedures on

designing and developing the system or software architecture.

Hardware Requirements:

➢ Android OS Device (at least Android 4.2. Jelly Bean.)

➢ Personal Computer/Laptop

➢ RAM

Software Requirements

➢ JAVASCRIPT, JAVA, PHP, XAMPP

➢ MySQL

➢ Internet and Network Connection

 24

Designing or Software Architecture. In this step, the researchers created an abstract

model of the system as well as the constraints that it must work under. The architectural

design deconstructed a system into sub-systems that supplied a linked set of services and

made up the system, with their relationships being defined and documented. The

architectural design phase normally precedes the detailed system specification phase.

Interface Design was used to create a software system that met the needs of the end-users.

These many design process tasks were evaluated to ensure that the system software

satisfies end-user needs, is simple to use, and anticipates future requirements.

System Project Design

Is the process of defining the components, modules, interfaces, and data for a

system to satisfy specified requirements. System development is the process of creating or

altering systems, along with the processes, practices, models, and methodologies used to

develop them.

“JRMSU Student Governments Online Voting System through Web and Android

Application” made up of web application with other programming language such as PHP,

HTML, JavaScript, using XAMPP software. For storing data, In the development of this

system JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System through Web and Android

Application the software design techniques are needed.

 25

Figure No. 5 Web Application

 26

Figure 5. It is composed of two servers and one or more Android Smartphones. The

e-voting protocol has two electoral entities and the voter. The interaction between the voter

and these electoral entities is divided into four phases:

Registration phase: the voter must be registered by an electoral entity called

Register Server (RS) which generates the nominal list that contains all valid voters and

their electoral identities.

Authentication phase: the goal during this phase is to generate a blank ballot for

all valid voters registered in the nominal list. The blank ballot, signed by Authentication

Server (AS), consists of one digital signature which will certificate the validity of the ballot

in the voting phase.

Voting phase: in this phase, the voter generates and sends the ballot to Voting

Server (VS), which is responsible to receive, verify and storage it. The ballot consists of

both the authorization signature generated by AS and the signature of the vote to protect it

of possible modifications. To receive the ballot, the VS verify both signatures. If both

signatures are valid, then the ballot is stored as valid, otherwise it is invalid. Finally, the

VS generates an acknowledge using all information of the ballot and sends it to the voter.

Counting phase: the VS tell the votes and publish the result of the election.
 27

START

REGISTRATION

NO Is voter
registered?

YES
SHOW ERROR
VOTERS LOGIN
MESSAGE

NO Is voter
INVALID USER
registered?

AUTHENTICATION

DISPLAY CANDIDATE
DETAILS

SELECTION OF
CANDIDATES

VOTE NO DISPLAY SYSTEM

SUCCESSFULL ERROR MESSAGE

YES
SAVE TO
DATABASE

UPDATE VOTE
COUNT

SHOW
END
CONFIRMATION

Figure No.6 flowchart for web

 28

USE CASE DIAGRAM

The most critical part of modeling the system is capturing the dynamic behavior.

Use case diagrams are used to collect the system's needs, including internal and external

effects. Figure, shows a use case diagram. It graphically depicts the SSG ONLINE

VOTING SYSTEM, which describes the interaction between the system's user and the

administrator (both referred to as actors). There are two actors: the voter and the

administrator. The voter must first register in order to log in, after they successfully log in,

the system sent a verification code in the voters registered email. After the voters verified

his/her code the voters proceed in the voting phase and cast their votes, provide feedback,

and view the results. The election will be managed by the administrator, who will collect

all candidate and voter information and generate the results.

 29

REGISTER

LOGIN

<<include>> <<extend>>

DISPLAY LOGIN
VERIFY PASSWORD
ERROR

MANAGE ELECTION

MANAGE
CANDIDATES

VOTER ADMIN
CAST VOTE

MANAGE VOTER

FILTER RESULT

VIEW RESULT

Figure No.7 Use Case Diagram

 30

Class Diagram

The Class Diagram in Figure 29 visually represents the static structure and

composition of the JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System through Web and

Android Application using the convention set by the Unified Modeling Language (UML).

The class diagram presented has 5 main classes: The SSG Class, JRMSU Voting

System Class, Voters Class, Candidates Class, and the Result Class. The SSG Class is the

Super class in this Diagram and the SSG Voting System is the Sub-Class in the Diagram.

The Voters Class, Candidates Class and Result Class are the Object of the Sub-Class. Each

class has its own set of properties, such as fields and methods. The class SSG contains 2

fields and 2 methods. The JRMSU Voting System Class contains 3 fields and 5 methods.

The Voters Class has 5 fields and 2 methods. The Class Candidates has 5 fields and 2

methods. And the Class Results has 2 fields and 2 methods.

The class Voter, Class Candidates has an association relationship, which means the

data submitted will be generated automatically in the System. When the Election period

ends, the system will filter the final results.

 31

Figure No.8 Class Diagram

 32

ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

The Activity Diagram is a crucial part of the UML model for describing dynamic

characteristics of a system. An activity diagram is essentially a flow chart that depicts the

flow of information from one action to the next. An operating system can be used to

characterize the activities. The control flow is also drawn from one operation to the next.

This flow can be sequential, branching, or running simultaneously. Different elements such

as fork, join, and others are used in activity diagrams to cope with various sorts of flow

control.

The JRMSU Government Online Voting System Through Android Web And

Android Application, as shown in Figure 12, describes the system's activity. From the

admin, they create a list of candidates and voters who have been registered. The admin will

display the ballot from the system. The administrator will give a permission to vote.

Meanwhile, the voter will see the list of candidates and will cast their votes.
 33

Figure No. 9 Activity Diagram

 34

Sequence Diagram

This is the login sequence diagram of online voting system. Where admin will be

able to log in their account using their credentials. After login user can manage all the

operation on Voting, register, candidates, results. All the pages such as register, candidates,

results are secure and user access the page after login. The diagram below helps

demonstrate how the log in page works in online Voting System. The various objects in

the candidate, voting, register, and results page - interact over the course of the sequence,

and user will not be able to access this page without verifying their identity.

Figure No.10 A for sequence diagram login process

 35

There is a database which maintained in which all the name of the voters with their

complete information is stored. The system Administrator registers the voters by simply

filling a registration form to register the voters. After registration, the voter is assigned a

secret voter ID with which he/ she can use the login to the system and cast his/ her vote. If

invalid/ wrong details are submitted, then the person is not registered to vote. After the user

successfully registers themselves, a link is sent in their respective E-mail ID’s. The link is

a key for activation of the account of the user. The account is activated only after the user

clicks on that link. The site will be activated only in the day of voting. Once the user logs

in, they will provided with One Time Password (OTP) which has to be entered by the user

before casting his/her vote. The password will be destroyed after casting their respective

vote.
 36

Figure No. 10.B Admin registration process

 37

This figure depicts the online voting system's login sequence. Using their

credentials, admins will be able to log in to their account. The user can control all voting,

registration, candidate, and result operations after logging in. All of their pages are secure,

including register, candidates, and results, and users can only access them after logging in.

The diagram below depicts how an online voting system's log in page functions. The many

elements on the candidate, voting, register, and results pages interact with one other along

the sequence, and users will be unable to view this page without first establishing their

identification.

Data flow diagram

Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data

through an information system, modelling its process aspects. Often, they are a preliminary

step used to create an overview of the system which can later be elaborated. It shows what

kind of information will be input to and output from the system, where the data will come

from and go to, and where the data will be stored. It doesn't show process timing or if

they'll run in order or in parallel. The Data Flow Diagram of JRMSU Student Government

Online Voting System Through Web and Android Application is shown on the next page.

It is made up of three types of users. The student will register first. after which, the data

will be automatically saved to the database. Students who have previously registered will

be able to see all of the candidates and cast their votes. Second, candidates must register,

after which their information will be recorded in a database. The administrator will keep

track of all voters and candidates' information, as well as the admin will determine when

the election starts and will end. The administrator also provide reports, counting all votes
 38

and announcing the election.be automatically saved to the database. Students who have

previously registered will be able to see all of the candidates and cast their votes. Second,

candidates must register, after which their information will be recorded in a database. The

administrator will keep track of all voters and candidates' information, as well as the admin

will determine when the election starts and will end. The administrator also provides

reports, counting all votes and announcing the election results.

Figure No. 11 for Data flow diagram

 39

There are group of data illustrated in each ERD figure representing columns which

are called database tables. The data that are shown in figure has a table name that are called

data fields. The data fields are the indices that are used to link relevant data to other tables

in combination with every data movement JRMSU Student Government Online Voting

System Through Web and Android. The projected lines, through their indices, serve as a

connector between tables.

Figure 12 shows the interconnection of the various database tables via indices and

associated fields. The various entities are linked to one or more related fields. Each entity

has its own unique and special key that distinguishes it from the others.

The first entity is the STUDENT that contains attributes such as Student ID as the

Primary key. The data fields are the Name, Course, and Year.

The second entity is the Candidate Information which contains attributes such as

Student ID as the primary key. The data fields are: the Name, Course, Year, and Candidate

Group.

The third entity is the Voting which contains attributes Student ID such as primary

key. The Data fields are: Select Candidate, Voted Date and Preview Votes.

The last entity is RESULT which contains attributes such as Student ID as the

foreign key. The data fields are Candidate Name, Ranking, and Winner.
 40

Figure No.12 Entity Relationship Diagram

 41

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Registration

Step 3: If the voter registered?

Go to step 4.

Step 4: Voters LOGIN

Step 5: if the user password

incorrect? Go to step 4.

Step 6: If the user password is

correct? Go to step 5

Step 7: Display candidate details

Step 8: proceed to voting

process

Step 9: if the vote is

unsuccessful? Go to Display

system error message

Step 10: if the vote is

successful? Proceed to save to

database

Step 11: View update vote count

Step 12: Show confirmation

Step 13: End

Figure No.13 Pseudocode

 42

Coding. The analyzed data will be encoded as commands in coding to make the

program and instructions, thus, data will be translated into computer commands and

instructions that will run as system software of the proposed study after the analysis in

finding algorithms that will suit the need of the current problem.

Figure No.14 shows the pseudo code for sending location data to the server. The time

complexity for this algorithm is O(n). The space complexity of this algorithm is O(n).

System Testing Method and Procedure

1. The necessary hardware and software had been installed, and the network had

been configured. The client and server connections were tested after the system

was set up.

2. The server and computer system's system software, as well as all modules, were

tested for functionality.

3. In the settings and maintenance module, all necessary data for the operation was

integrated, such as books, journals, research documents, reading speech

materials, and library values. They were double-checked and certain changes

were made.

4. Before the actual operation, the end-user received a tutorial lesson from the

programmer on how to run the system. The real operation commences under

the supervision of the programmer after all of the relevant tutorial lessons have

been completed. As previously stated, a parallel testing technique was used, in

 43

which both manual and electronic processes were conducted simultaneously for

at least months.

5. After months of review, the programmer must determine whether or not to cease

the procedure. Continuing using the new system or using the manual process.

Evaluation Procedure

The JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System Through Web and

Android was evaluated by twenty (20) respondents and were classified into four (4) groups

of evaluators. The first group comprised of the Students of the JRMSU Main Campus,

Dapitan City, the second group comprised of the IT Students of the same campus. The third

group IT experts comprised of the of the JRMSU main campus. The last group is composed

of Instructor/professor Evaluation sheet was used by the respondents to assess the

functionality and capability of the system. Various factors which influence the software are

termed as software quality factors. The following software quality factors were subjected

to evaluation by the respondents namely: functionality, reliability, usability.

Research Instrument

The evaluation sheet was referred to the adviser/instructor for review and validation

of the content, appropriateness and suitability of the instrument. With the recommendation

and approval of the evaluation sheet by the adviser/ instructor, they were distributed to the

respondents for the actual rating of the developed system which determined the levels of

functionality, reliability and usability. In order to make a quantitative interpretation of the

result the researcher used five-point Likert scale and a range of scores is used as shown

below. Each respondent rated the study according to the criteria created by the researchers.
 44

Respondent of the study

A quota of twenty (20) total respondents of the study and were classified into four

(4) groups of evaluators. The first group comprised of the Students of the JRMSU Main

Campus, Dapitan City, the second group comprised of the IT students of the same campus.

The third group comprised of the IT professional and the last one is comprised of

Instructor/professor. The respondents were given questionnaires for them to provide

information intended for the study.

Table No.1 Frequency and Percentage Distributed of Respondents

Respondent Number Percentage

Instructor/professor 5 25%

IT experts 5 25%

SSG Officers 5 25%

Student 5 25%

Total 20 100%

There are 3 evaluation criterions in the system, namely functionality, reliability, and

usability, a total of five (5) or 25% Students. One (1) for the functionality, reliability and

usability, a total of five (5) or 25% IT students were utilized from JRMSU Main Campus,

Dapitan City, One (1) for the functionality, reliability, and usability, a total of five (5) or

25% IT experts, and One (1) for the functionality, reliability, and usability, a total of five

(5) or 25% Instructor/Professor. There were twenty (20) in totalities as respondents of the

study.
 45

Sampling Design and Techniques

The researchers employed the Random Sampling Method of Implementation to

implement the JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System Through Web and

Android. During changeover, a new system and an existing system run side by side. To

input the same data and complete the same operations, compare the results, and

demonstrate the new system's reliability. If the new system is accepted, the existing system

will stop running and will be replaced by the new one.

Functionality. A set of attributes that bear on the existence of a set of functions and their

specified properties. The functions are those that satisfy stated or implied needs.

Score Range of the Mean Descriptive Rating

5 4.21- 5.00 Very Much Functional

4 3.41- 4.20 Much Functional

3 2.61- 3.40 Functional

4 1.81- 2.60 Fairly Functional

5 1.00- 1.80 Not Functional

Reliability. The ability of a system to perform its required functions under stated

conditions whenever required – having a long mean time between failures.

Score Range of mean Descriptive Rating

5 4.21- 5.00 Very Much Reliable

4 3.41- 4.20 Much Reliable

3 2.61- 3.40 Reliable

 46

2 1.81- 2.60 Fairly Reliable

1 1.00- 1.80 Not Reliable

Usability. pertains to the user’s total satisfaction received from using the proposed system.

Score Range of mean Descriptive Rating

5 4.21- 5.00 Very Much Usable

4 3.41- 4.20 Much Usable

3 2.61- 3.40 Usable

2 1.81- 2.60 Fairly Usable

1 1.00- 1.80 Not Usable

Range of mean Descriptive Rating

Highly Functional/Reliable/Usable Processing takes

4.21-5.0 approximately five seconds and system responds

inquiry of the end-user automatically.

Functional/Reliable/Usable Processing takes

3.41-4.20 approximately ten seconds and system responds

inquiry of the end-user and it satisfies the end user.

Moderately Functional/Reliable/Usable

2.61- 3.40
 47

Processing takes approximately fifteen seconds and

system responds inquiry of the end-user and it

moderately satisfies the end-user.

Less Functional/Reliable/Usable Processing takes

1.81- 2.60 approximately one minute and system responds

inquiry of the end-user but it does not satisfy the end-

user

1.00- 1.80 Not Functional/Reliable/Usable

Processing does not generate response to the end-user bear on the effort needed to make

specified modifications.

Statistical Tools and Treatment

The weighed mean was used to measure the Functionality, Reliability, Usability and

Security of the JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System Through Web and

Android.

The mean was used to measure the effectiveness of the JRMSU Student

Government Online Voting System Through Web and Android. In terms of functionality,

reliability, and usability. It uses the liker’s 5-point scale which shows the following range

of values.

Weighted Mean = ∑ fx
N
Where:
F - The frequency in the weight score
X - The weight or score
N - The total number of respondents
 48

Chapter 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

This chapter presents the answers and detailed discussion of the main and specific

problem of the study as presented on the statement of the problem. Specifically, the

researchers sought to answer the following questions:

Problem 1. What is the current status of JRMSU Student Government Voting System?

The existing Voting System for the SSG in JRMSU is done manually. The manual

voting exercise involves a number of steps that result in long queues. This is because each

voter takes a considerable amount of time to vote. It has been gathered that it takes the EC

about three days to eventually publish the SSG election result. The utilization of manual

voting process can contribute on delay in generating the final and official results, invalid

votes and long voting processing.

Figure No. 14 show the processes of manual voting.

This flow chart illustrates the whole process of manual voting system in JRMSU.

The first rectangular box shown in the chart represents the voters identification.

The diagonal shape shows the voters verification to verify if the student has enrolled.

The second rectangular box is giving the ballot to the voters if they are qualified.

The third rectangular box is casting votes.

The fourth rectangular box is vote counting after the voters cast their votes.
 49

The fifth rectangular box will show the result of the election.

Figure No. 14 Manual Voting Process

 50

Problem 2. What system that can be developed and its processes involved to enhance the

voting system for JRMSU?

The proposed voting system for SSG in JRMSU is designed to enhance the voting

process through the use of web application and or android application.

It has the following processes:

A. Registration of voters.

➢ Procedures.

• Collect students’ information including I.D. number, mobile number,

and e-mail.

• Send verification code to the student contact information after a

successful registration.

B. Log in

• Enter the I.D. number and personal unique password.

• Log in verification

C. Casting Votes

• Select candidates for all positions.

• Submit.

• Send notification to the voter.

D. Viewing of Result

• Official result will be sent to voter’s registered E-mail.

 51

Problem 3. What features of the existing system that can be fused into one composite

system?

The table below illustrates the features of JRMSU Government Voting System

through Web and Android. It shows the features of existing software which are

computerized University Student Council Elections, Web App Voting System and

Biometric Voting System.

The Features of this system are used to form the new features of the new system of

the researcher’s study. The first column is the computerized University Student Council

Elections which contains four features among the eight features of the voting system such

as; easy way to count votes, User Friendly, Password based authentication, Information

stored in database, Easy to access, reducing work staff, Time saving, and lastly Access to

database is categorized.

The second column is the Web App Voting System which has six features in the

table enumerated as follows; easy way to count votes, Password based authentication,

Information stored in database, Easy to access, reducing work staff, and lastly Time saving.

The third column is the Pageant Tabulation System which has six features in the

table enumerated as follows; Easy way to count votes, information stored in database, easy

to access, reducing work staff, time saving and access to database is categorized.

Table 3. Comparison of the Similar System The last column is the JRMSU Government

Voting System through Web and Android, which has 9 features. The integration of features

of computerized University Student Council Elections, Web App Voting System, and
 52

Biometric Voting System which highlight one common feature; Easy way to count votes,

User Friendly, Password based authentication, Information stored in database, Easy to

access, reducing work staff, Time saving, Access to database is categorized, and lastly

mobile application.

Student
Biometric Government
computerized
Web Voting Online
University
App System Voting
Features Student
Voting System
Council
System Through
Elections
Web and
Android
1. EASY WAY TO
COUNT VOTES

2. USER
FRIENDLY

3. Password based
authentication
4. INFORMATION
STORED IN
DATABASE
5. Easy to Access

6. REDUCING
WORK STAFF

7. TIME SAVING
 53

8. ACCESS TO
DATABASE IS
CATEGORIZED
9. MOBILE
APPLICATION

WEB APP Biometric Voting

Computerized VOTING SYSTEM System
University Student
Council Election 1. Easy way to count 1.Easy way to count
votes votes
1. Easy way to count 2. Password based 2.User friendly
votes authentication 3.Information stored
2. User friendly 3. Information stored in
3. Password based
in database database
authentication
4. Information stored 4. Easy to access 4.Reducing work
in database. 5. Reducing work staff
5. Easy to Access staff 5.Time saving
6. Time Saving 6. Time saving 6.Easy to access
7. Access to Database 7.Access to database
is categorized is categorized
8. Reducing Work
Staff

STUDENT GOVERNMENT ONLINE

VOTING SYSTEM THROUGHT
WEB AND ANDRIOD
1. Easy way to count votes
2. User friendly
3. Password based authentication
4. INFORMATION STORED IN
DATABASE
5. Easy to Access
6. TIME SAVING
7. ACCESS TO DATABASE IS
CATERGORIZED
8. REDUCING WORK STAFF
Figure No. 15 Fusion of the system 9. MOBILE APPLICATION
 54

Problem 4. How does the JRMSU Student Government Voting System through Web and

Android be assessed in terms of: Functionality, Reliability, Usability and Security.

Functionality. is a set of attributes that bear on the existence of a set of functions

and their specified properties.

Table 4 Perceived Rating of Respondents as to functionality

Weighted
Criteria Description
Mean
1. The system manages of schedule 4.6
Very Much Functional
activities
4.05
2. The system manages election Much Functional
4.3
3. The system manages candidates Very Much Functional
4.3
4. The system manages voter Very Much Functional
4.5
5. The system manages vote counts Very much Functional
4.55
6. Solution to a Specified task or program Very Much Functional
4.0
7. Minimizing of its run-time error Much Functional
3.6
8. Speed in Data Processing Functional
4.3
9. Detection of error Very Much Functional
4.05
10. Intended use of the Software Much Functional

Average Weighted Mean 4.2 Much Functional

The table above shows the functionality of the system. The first criterion has the

mean of 4.6 or very much functional. The second criterion earns 4.05 or much functional.
 55

The third criterion earn 4.3 or very much functional. The Fourth criterion has the mean of

4.3 or very much functional. The fifth earns 4.5 or very much functional. The sixth earns

4.55 or much functional. The seventh criterion earns 4.0 or much functional. The eighth

criterion earn 3.6 or much Functional. The ninth criterion earns 4.3 or very much

functional. The last or tenth criterion earns 4.05 or much Functional. The average mean

has the value of 4.2 which is much functional.

In the study of Eastern Visayas State University entitled Web App Voting System

(WAV). The goal of the study was to see how well the WAVS worked during the Supreme

Student Government Election. The JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System

was supported by this study via Android, Web, and SMS. That also includes the

compatibility with other systems criterion, which has an average mean of 4.18, indicating

that it is very functional.

Reliability. Ability of a system to perform its required function under stated

condition whenever required-having a long mean time between failures.

Additional And Security

Table 5. Perceived Rating of Respondents as to reliability

Criteria Weighted Mean

Description
1. The system can respond 4.0 Much Reliable
quickly in completing
specific task.

2. The system is easy to 4.3 Very Much Reliable

use in specific task.
 56

3. The system provides 4.5 Very Much Reliable

real time generate of
reports.
4. This system helps to 4.0 Much Reliable
perform my more
efficiently.
5. The system is reliable 4.0 Much Reliable

and error free.

Average Mean 4.16 Much Reliable

The table above shows the reliability of the system. The first criterion has the mean

of 4.0 or much reliable. The second criterion earned 4.3 or very much reliable. The third

criterion earned 4.5 or very much reliable. The Fourth criterion has the mean of 4.0 or much

reliable. The fifth earned 4.0 or much reliable. The average mean has the value of 4.16 or

much reliable.

The proposed Online Voting System would be used for the students at JRMSU to

elect candidates during SSG election. The mechanism ensures that the university's election

process is secure and dependable. The accuracy of information is one of the factors used

to assess the system's reliability using ISO 9126. This marks its dependability for JRMSU

Student Government, which is accessible via Android, Web, and Android and has a 4.0

accuracy rating. The average mean is described as quite reliable.

 57

Table 6. Perceived Rating of the Respondents in terms of Usability.

Usability Weighted Mean Descriptive Rating

1. Effectiveness 4.2 Much Usable

2. Efficiency 4.3 Much Usable

3. User Satisfaction 4.0 Much Usable

Average Weighted Mean 4.16 Much Usable

The table above shows the usability if the system. The first criterion has the mean

of 4.2 or much usable. The second criterion earned 4.3 or very much usable. The third

criterion earned 4.0 or much usability. This study aimed to determine the usability

evaluation of the JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System through Web and

Android. Specially, the study aimed to determine the level of usability based on the

evaluation as prescribed on ISO 9126 with the average mean of 4.16. This average mean

has the description rating of much usable.

Summary

It was concluded that the JRMSU Student Government Online Voting System

through Web and Android is suitable that meets all standards for producing high-quality

software after a thorough evaluation. The table below is the summary, which is where each

of the criterion being graded in the quality software is based.

Table 7. Summary table of the Software Quality Factors Industry

Software Quality Factor Mean Average Descriptive Rating

 58

Functionality 4.2 Much Acceptable

Reliability 4.16 Much Acceptable

Usability 4.16 Much Acceptable

OVERALL 4.17 Much Acceptable

In the evaluation, the researchers found out that the functionality of the system got

the average mean of 4.2 which means that the system is much acceptable. In the reliability

of the software, its average mean is 4.16 which shows that the system is much acceptable.

In the usability of the software, its average mean is 4.16 which shows that the system is

much acceptable. In its totality, the system has acceptability mean of 4.17 which means

that the system is much acceptable.

 59

Chapter 5

SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary and conclusions of the study. It also covers the

presentation of findings out of the data treated and the conclusions which are drawn based

on the findings and recommendations.

SUMMARY

The researchers aimed to develop of JRMSU Student Government Voting System

through Web and Android in Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Main campus, Dapitan

City during school year 2021-2022 that will produce attributes related to its functionality,

reliability, and usability of the system.

Specially, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the current status of JRMSU Student Government Voting System?

2. What system that can be developed and its processes involved to enhance the voting

system for JRMSU?

3. What features of the existing system that can be fused into one composite system?

4. How does the JRMSU Student Government Voting System through Web and

Android be assessed in terms of:

4.1. Functionality.

4.2. Reliability.
 60

4.3. Usability; and

4.4 Security

After analyzing several ways, it was discovered that the JRMSU Student Government

Voting System uses a variety of modalities, including Web and Android. The system would

be used for the election of the University SSG.

Findings

After all the necessary data of the study were treated accordingly, the following

findings were revealed:

1) There is a manual consolidation of casted votes used by SSG voting system.

2) There were four processes involved in the proposed SSG voting system

Namely: Registration, Log in, Casting Votes, and View Results.

3) There were three identified existing system similar to the proposed one

Namely: CUSCE; WAVS, BVS. It is found that the proposed JRMSU Student

Government Online voting system through web and android application has two unique

features.

4.1) Functionality has an Average Weighted Mean of 4.2 or much functional.

4.2) Reliability contains 4.16 as a numerical rating as much reliable.

4.3) Usability garnered an Average Weighted Mean of 4.16 or much usable.

 61

Conclusions

The researchers concluded that the "JRMSU Student Government Online Voting

System Through Web And Android" has already proven to be more useful for students at

the university during the SSG election. It can access data through the internet and provide

information based on the data given to the server from the users. The electronic process

communication from the admin device to a mobile device is extremely beneficial to student

voters; it is provided as a mobile application that can be used on smartphones. Any

smartphone with internet access can use the proposed design with digital device

components. The system's test run went successfully.

Recommendation

The researchers would like to recommend that the system be implemented so that

student voters can vote easily. Adoption and implementation of this system primarily

benefits students by allowing them to easily select candidates to vote for during the election

period. The researchers also recommend that the Android be updated in order for the

system to run properly and for no errors to occur during the election period. To be able to

use this system, every student should have an Android device and a computer.
 62

References

Ofori-Dwumfuo, G. O., & Paatey, E. (2011). The design of an electronic voting system.
Research Journal of Information Technology, 3(2), 91-98.
(McGregor,2018). "Using Constructive Research to Structure the Path to
Transdisciplinary Innovation and Its Application for Precision Public Health with Big
Data Analytics" Technology Innovation Management Review. Retrieve
https://timreview.ca/article/1174.

Koshy, E., Koshy, V., & Waterman, H. 2011. Action Research in Healthcare. Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage Books. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446288696.n1.

Djanibekov, N., Hornidge, A. K., & Ul-Hassan, M. 2012. From Joint Experimentation
to Laissez-faire: Transdisciplinary Innovation

Research for the Institutional Strengthening of a Water Users Association in Khorezm,

Uzbekistan. Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 18(4): 409–423.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1389224X.2012.691785

Dahlbom, B., & Mathiassen, L. (1993). Computers in context. Blackwell Publishers.

Pain, D., Owen, J., Franklin, I., & Green, E. (1993). Human-centred systems design: A
review of trends within the broader systems development context. Gendered by design,
11-30.
de los Santos, J. R. N., Batan, M. B., Giovanni, N., & Michelle, G. (2020). Web App
Voting System in a Philippine State University: An ISO 9241-11 Evaluation. Aloha
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Advancement (AIJMU), 2(7), 163-168.
Cañeda, M. P. A., Quiza, C., Pateña, J. M., & Cabangon, K. C. (2019). WEB-BASED
ONLINE ELECTION SYSTEM FOR COLLEGE STUDENT ORGANIZATION
USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY. Innovatus, 2(1), 1-1.
Thamizharasan, N., & Geetha, A. (2017). Integration of biometric sensor with aadhar
for voting process. Journal of Environmental Nanotechnology, 6(1), 19-22.
Pereyras, J. (2019). A Computerized Touchscreen Student Voting System for the
Universities and Colleges. Asian Journal of Business and Technology, 2(1).
Eteng, I. E., Ahunanya, U. D., & Umoren, P. U. (2018). An Online Voting System for
Colleges and Universities: A Case Study of National Association of Science Students
(NASS), University of Calabar. Computing and Information Systems Journal, 22(2), 9-
28.
 63

Kasanen, E., Lukka, K., & Siitonen, A. (1993). The constructive approach in
management accounting research. Journal of management accounting research, 5(1),
243-264.
Koshy, E., Koshy, V., & Waterman, H. (2010). Action research in healthcare. Sage.
Djanibekov, N., Hornidge, A. K., & Ul-Hassan, M. (2012). From joint experimentation
to laissez-faire: transdisciplinary innovation research for the institutional strengthening
of a water users association in Khorezm, Uzbekistan. The Journal of Agricultural
Education and Extension, 18(4), 409-423
 64

APPENDICES
.
 65

APPENDIX A
GUI
 66

REGISTRATION PAGE
 67

LOG IN PAGE
 68

DASHBOARD
 69

APPENDIX B
CODE
 70

Code

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

<link rel="stylesheet"

href="https://unicons.iconscout.com/release/v4.0.0/css/line.css">

<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">

<title>Document</title>

</head>

<body>a

<div class="container">

<div class="forms">

<div class="form login">

<span class="title">Login</span>

<form action="#">
 71

<div class="input-field">

<input type="text" placeholder="Enter your ID" required>

<i class="uil uil-user"></i>

</div>

<div class="input-field">

<input type="password" class="password" placeholder="Enter your

password" required>

<i class="uil uil-lock icon"></i>

<i class="uil uil-eye-slash showHidePw"></i>

</div>

<div class="checkbox-text">

<div class="checkbox-content">

<input type="checkbox" id="logCheck">

<label for="logCheck" class="text">Remember me</label>

</div>

</div>

<div class="input-field button">

<input type="button" value="Login">

 72

</div>

</form>

<div class="login-signup">

<span class="text">Not a member?

<a href="#" class="text signup-link">Sign-up</a>

</span>

</div>

</div>

<div class="form signup">

<span class="title">Registration</span>

<form action="#">

<div class="input-field">

<input type="text" placeholder="Enter your ID" required>

<i class="uil uil-user"></i>

</div>

<div class="input-field">

<input type="text" placeholder="Enter your Email" required>

 73

<i class="uil uil-envelope"></i>

</div>

<div class="input-field">

<input type="password" class="password" placeholder="Enter your

password" required>

<i class="uil uil-lock icon"></i>

<i class="uil uil-eye-slash showHidePw"></i>

</div>

<div class="input-field">

<input type="password" class="password" placeholder="Enter your

password" required>

<i class="uil uil-lock icon"></i>

<i class="uil uil-eye-slash showHidePw"></i>

</div>

<div class="checkbox-text">

<div class="checkbox-content">

<input type="checkbox" id="logCheck">

<label for="logCheck" class="text">Remember me</label>

 74

</div>

</div>

<div class="input-field button">

<input type="button" value="Submit">

</div>

</form>

<div class="login-signup">

<span class="text">Back to Login Page?

<a href="#" class="text login-link">Login</a>

</span>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<script src="script.js"></script>

</body>

</html>

const container = document.querySelector(".container"),

 75

pwShowHide = document.querySelectorAll(".showHidePw"),

pwFields = document.querySelectorAll(".password"),

signUp = document.querySelector(".signup-link"),

login = document.querySelector(".login-link ");

pwShowHide.forEach(eyeIcon =>{

eyeIcon.addEventListener("click", ()=>{

pwFields.forEach(pwField =>{

if(pwField.type ==="password"){

pwField.type = "text";

pwShowHide.forEach(icon =>{

icon.classList.replace("uil-eye-slash","uil-eye");

})

}else{

pwField.type = "password";

pwShowHide.forEach(icon =>{

icon.classList.replace("uil-eye","uil-eye-slash");

})
 76

})

})

})

signUp.addEventListener("click",( )=>{

container.classList.add("active");

});

login.addEventListener("click", ( )=>{

container.classList.remove("active");

});
 77

@import

url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@300;400;500;600;700&dis

play=swap');

*{

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

box-sizing: border-box;

font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;

body{

height: 100vh;

display: flex;

align-items: center;

justify-content: center;

background-color: #4070f4;

.container{
 78

position: relative;

max-width: 430px;

width: 100%;

background: #fff;

border-radius: 10px;

box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);

.container .forms{

display: flex;

align-items: center;

height: 440px;

width: 200%;

transition: heigh 0.2s ease;

overflow: hidden;

.container .form{

width: 50%;
 79

padding: 30px;

background-color: #fff;

transition: margin-left 0.18s ease;

.container.active .login{

margin-left: -50%;

opacity: 0;

transition: margin-left 0.18s ease, opacity 0.15s ease;

.container .signup{

opacity: 0;

transition: opacity 0.09s ease;

.container.active .signup{

opacity: 1;

transition: opacity 0.02s ease;

}
 80

.container.active .forms{

height: 600px;

.container .form .title{

position: relative;

font-size: 27px;

font-weight: 600;

.form .title::before{

content: '';

position: absolute;

left: 0;

bottom: 0;

height: 3px;

width: 30px;

background-color: #4070f4;

border-radius: 25px;
 81

.form .input-field{

position: relative;

height: 50px;

width: 100%;

margin-top: 30px;

.input-field input{

position: absolute;

height: 100%;

width: 100%;

padding: 0 35px;

border: none;

outline: none;

font-size: 16px;

border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;

border-top: 2px solid transparent;

 82

transition: all 0.5s ease;

.input-field input:is(:focus, :valid){

border-bottom-color: #4070f4;

.input-field i{

position: absolute;

top: 50%;

transform: translateY(-50%);

color: #999;

font-size: 23px;

.input-field input:is(:focus, :valid) ~ i{

color: #4070f4;

.input-field i.icon{

left: 0;
 83

.input-field i.showHidePw{

right: 0;

cursor: pointer;

padding: 10px;

.form .checkbox-text{

display: flex;

align-items:center;

justify-content: space-between;

margin-top: 20px;

.checkbox-text .checkbox-content{

display: flex;

align-items:center;

}
 84

.checkbox-content input{

margin: 0 8px -2px 4px;

accent-color: #4070f4;

.form .text{

color: #333;

font-size: 14px;

.form a.text{

color: #4070f4;

text-decoration: none;

.form a:hover{

text-decoration: underline;

.form .button{

margin-top: 35px;
 85

.form .button input{

border: none;

color: #fff;

font-size: 17px;

font-weight: 500;

letter-spacing: 1px;

border-radius: 6px;

background-color: #4070f4;

cursor: pointer;

transition: all 0.5s ease;

}.button input:hover{

background-color: #265df2;}

.form .login-signup{

margin-top: 30px;

text-align: center;

}
 86

CURRICULUM VITAE

Bryan Dave P. Bayron

Dapitan City, Zamboanga Del Norte
09475281543
[email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Date of Birth : September 8,1999
Place of Birth : Dapitan City, Zamboanga Del Norte
Age : 21
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Christian
Father’s Name : Cadis Etrama di Raizel
Mother’s Name : Arlyn P. Bayron
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary:
Dapitan City Central School
Secondary:
Rizal Memorial Institute of Dapitan City Inc.
Tertiary:
Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Dapitan City, Zamboanga Del Norte
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science
2016-Present
 87

CURRICULUM VITAE

John Kevin I. Cabual

Dapitan City, Zamboanga Del Norte
09563329472
[email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Date of Birth : July 22,1996
Place of Birth : Dapitan City, Zamboanga Del Norte
Age : 25
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Father’s Name : Noel Cabual
Mother’s Name : Rebecca Cabual
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary:
Taga Central School
Secondary:
Punta National Highschool
Tertiary:
Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Dapitan City, Zamboanga Del Norte
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science
2016-Present
 88

CURRICULUM VITAE

McCarthy A. Vidal
Dipolog City, Zamboanga Del Norte
09639288650
[email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Date of Birth : March 4,2000
Place of Birth : Dipolog City, Zamboanga Del Norte
Age : 22
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Father’s Name : Arnel Vidal
Mother’s Name : Ma. Ruby Angelica Vidal
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary:
Dipolog Pilot Demonstration School
Secondary:
Daraga National Highschool
Tertiary:
Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Dapitan City, Zamboanga Del Norte
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science
2016-Present
 89

CURRICULUM VITAE

John Rey P. Labadlabad

Polanco, Zamboanga Del Norte
09700454599
[email protected]

PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Date of Birth : December 21, 1997
Place of Birth : Dipolog City, Zamboanga Del Norte
Age : 21
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Catholic
Father’s Name : Rene Labadlabad
Mother’s Name : Jocelyn Labadlabad
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Elementary:
Isis Elementary School
Secondary:
Polanco National Highschool Extension Isis
Tertiary:
Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Dapitan City, Zamboanga Del Norte
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science
2016-Present