CloudEngine 16800 Series Switches

Configuration Guide - Basic Configuration 7 Configuring System Startup

7 Configuring System Startup

This chapter describes how to configure system startup.

7.1 Overview of System Startup

7.2 Managing Configuration Files
7.3 Configuring System Startup Files
7.4 Loading a Digital Signature Certificate Revocation List (CRL)
7.5 Configuring Dynamic Module Loading
7.6 Restarting the Device
7.7 Maintaining Configuration Management
7.8 Configuration Examples for System Startup

7.1 Overview of System Startup

The system loads the system software and configuration file during a startup. If a
patch file is specified for next startup, the system also loads the specified patch
file.

System startup scenarios are as follows:

● Version upgrade: Upgrade the system software to a later version.
To add new features, optimize existing features, or solve problems in the
current version, you need to upgrade the device. To upgrade the device, load
the upgrade system software and restart the device.
● Version rollback: Degrade the software to an earlier version.
If an error occurs after the upgrade, perform version rollback to restore
normal service operating. You need to load earlier version system software
and restart the device.
● First startup: When a new device is deployed on a network, you can load an
existing configuration file on the device to meet user needs.
A new device contains only factory configurations. To connect a new device to
the network and deploy services on it, you have to spend a lot of time on

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device configuration. To save time on device configuration, specify a

configuration file that meets user needs for the device and restart the device.
● Patch update: Specify the patch file to be loaded after an upgrade.
You can specify a new patch file when upgrading the device. The patch takes
effect immediately when the upgrade is complete.
NOTE

● The upgrade of a device is closely related to the released software versions. The
corresponding upgrade guide is released with each new version and you can upgrade
the device according to the guide. To obtain the upgrade guides, visit https://
support.huawei.com/enterprise and download the upgrade guide based on the
product name and version.
● For details about commands used for device upgrade, see "Basic Configurations
Commands - Upgrade Commands" in the CloudEngine 16800 Series SwitchesCommand
Reference.

System Software
The device software includes BIOS software and system software. After the device
is powered on, it runs the BIOS software to initialize the hardware and display the
hardware parameters. Then the device runs the system software. The system
software provides drivers and adaptation functions for hardware, and offers
services features. The BIOS software and system software are prerequisite for
device startup and operation, providing support, management, and services for the
device.

A device upgrade includes BIOS software upgrade and system software upgrade.

NOTE

The BIOS software is included in the system software package (.cc file) of the device. The
BIOS software is automatically upgraded in system software upgrade.

Configuration File
A configuration file is a collection of command lines. The current configurations
are saved in configuration files, and continue to take effect after the device
restarts. You can view configurations in configuration files or upload the files to
other devices to implement batch configuration.

A configuration file is in the text format and meets the following requirements:

● A configuration file can contain only configuration commands, view switching

commands, # symbols (used to switch to the system view), and the quit
command. If you load other types of commands, such as display commands
used for query, reset/save/ping commands used for maintenance, commit,
return, and upgrade-compatible commands, the device reports an error and
continues the loading of follow-up commands.
● A configuration file cannot contain repeated commands.
● The command indentation must be correct.
● The configuration sequence and dependency must be correct.
● Interactive commands in the configuration file only support automatic
interaction in Y/N mode, the default is Y.

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● The extension of the configuration file name must be .zip, .cfg or .dat. The
system configuration file must be saved in the root directory of the storage
device.
– A .cfg file is a text file. You can directly view the content of a .cfg file.
After a .cfg file is specified as the configuration file, the system restores
the commands in the file one by one when startup.
– A .zip file is the compression of a .cfg file, occupying less space. After
a .zip file is specified as the configuration file, the system decompresses
the file into a .cfg file, and then restores the commands in the file one by
one when startup.
– A .dat file is a binary file. If the startup software version and the .dat file
version are the same, the system restores all configurations in the .dat
file in batches when the device starts. This speeds up the system startup.
The following table describes the configuration file, current configuration, and
offline configuration.

Concept Description Command

Configurati When the device is powered on, ● Run the display startup
on file the device reads the command to check the
configuration file from the current and next startup
default directory to boot the configuration files.
system. Therefore, the ● Run the display saved-
configuration in the file is configuration command to
called the initial configuration. check the configuration file
If no configuration file is stored for next startup.
in the default directory, the
device uses the default
parameters for initialization.

Current The configurations that are Run the display current-

configurati valid during the device running configuration command to
on are called current check the current configuration.
configurations.

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Concept Description Command

Offline The system supports offline Offline configuration is marked

Configurati configuration. Specifically, after with *. To view the offline
on you remove a board, the configuration, run the display
configurations on the board are current-configuration inactive
not affected and you can or display current-
continue to configure its configuration all command.
interfaces. If you install another NOTE
board of the same type, the The symbol * has two meanings:
configurations are restored on 1. When * is displayed in an
the new board. interactive operation, it
indicates the configurations
If you install another board in
that have not been submitted.
the slot, the impacts on the
previous configurations are as 2. When * is displayed in
configuration information, it
follows: indicates the offline
● The new board has the same configurations.
type as the previous board.
The system automatically
restores the configurations
of all interfaces on the new
board. Then, users can view
interface configurations and
configure the interfaces on
the new board.
● The new board has
interfaces of a different type
than the previous board.
The system deletes the
configurations of all
interfaces on the previous
board. The deleted
configurations cannot be
restored.
For example, board A has
interfaces of type P and
configuration information.
1. Remove board A and
install board C with
interfaces of type E.
2. Remove board C without
configuring its interfaces.
If you run the display
this command in the
interface view on board
C, the command output
does not contain original
configurations on board
A.

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Concept Description Command

3. Install board A or another

board with interfaces of
type P. If you run the
display this command in
the interface view of
board A or the board with
interfaces of type P, the
command does not
contain original
configurations on board
A, either.
● The new board has a
different number of
interfaces of the same type
as those on the previous
board.
– If the new board has
more interfaces than the
previous board does, the
system performs the
following operations:
– Restores the
configuration
information on the
interfaces that are the
same as those on the
previous board.
– Keeps default
configuration
information on the
other interfaces of the
new board.
– If the new board has
fewer interfaces than the
previous board does, the
system performs the
following operations:
– Restores the
configuration
information on the
interfaces that are the
same as those on the
previous board.
– Delete the other
interfaces of the
previous board and
their configuration
information.

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If you modify the current configuration and want to use the modified
configuration as the next startup configuration, run the save command to save
the new configuration to the default storage device.

NOTE

If a command in incomplete form is configured, the system saves the command to the
configuration file in its complete form, which may cause the command to have more than
1022 characters. (The maximum length of a command supported by the system is 1022
characters.) The incomplete command cannot be recovered after the system restarts.

Patch File
A patch is a kind of software compatible with the system software. It is used to
remove a few issues in the software that need to be solved immediately. Patches
can also fix errors or improve adaptation of the system software. For example,
patches can fix defects of the system and optimize some functions to meet service
requirements.

The patches are released in patch files. A patch file may contain one or more
patches with different functions. When patch files are loaded from the storage
device to the patch area in the memory, they are assigned unique sequence
number for users to identify, manage, and operate the patches.

Patch classification

According to impact on services, patches can be classified into hot patch and cold
patch.
● Hot patch (HP): The services are not interrupted when the HP is loaded and
activated, which reduces upgrade costs and eliminates upgrade risks.
● Cold Patch (CP): You must restart the device or reset boards on the device for
the CP to take effect. Services are interrupted during the restart.

According to patch dependency, patches can be classified into incremental and

non-incremental patches.
● An incremental patch is dependent on previous patches. A new patch file
contains all the patch information in the previous patch file. You can install
the patch file without uninstalling the original patch file.
● A non-incremental patch is exclusive in the current system. To install another
patch file when there is already one, uninstall the existing patch file, and then
install and run the new patch file.
NOTE

The currently released patches are hot patches and incremental patches. All the patches
mentioned in the subsequent sections are hot patches and incremental patches unless
otherwise specified.

Status of Patches

Each patch has its own state that can only be changed with command line.

Table 7-1 describes the patch status.

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Table 7-1 Status of patches

Status Description Patch Status Transition

Idle The patch file is saved to the When a patch in the storage
storage device but has not device is loaded to the patch
been loaded to the patch area, the patch is in the
area. deactive state.

Deactive When a patch is loaded to You can perform either of the

the patch area or stops following operations on the
running, the patch is in the patch that is in the deactive
deactive state. state:
● Uninstall the patch to
delete it from the patch
area.
● Run the patch file
temporarily to change the
state to active.

Active When a patch is stored in the You can perform one of the
patch area and runs following operations on the
temporarily, the patch is in patch that is in the active
the active state. state:
If a board is reset, the active ● Uninstall the patch to
patch on the board remains delete it from the patch
active. The active patch area.
changes to the deactive state ● Stop running the patch to
only when the device is change the patch to the
restarted. deactive state.
● Run the patch permanently
to change the patch to the
running state.

Running When a patch is stored in the You can unload the patch that
patch area and runs is in the running state so that
permanently, the patch is in it can be deleted from the
the running state. patch area.
If a board is reset or the
device is restarted, the
running patch on the board
remains in the running state.

Figure 7-1 shows patch status transition.

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Figure 7-1 Patch status transition

Load a patch

Idle Deactive
Delete a patch

De
let
e Deactive a patch Activate a patch
a
Delete a patch pa
tch

Running Active
Run a patch

Installing Patches

Installing patches is a way of upgrading a device. Patches can be installed in the

following ways:

● The hot patches are generally installed while the device is running without
interrupting services. This is an advantage of hot patches.
For details on how to install patches, see the corresponding patch installation
guide. For details about commands used for device upgrade, see "Basic
Configurations Commands - Upgrade Commands" in the CloudEngine 16800
Series Switches Command Reference.
● Another way is to specify a patch file for next startup, which is described in
this chapter. The patch file takes effect after the device reboots. The method
is often used during a system upgrade.

7.2 Managing Configuration Files

You can perform operations such as saving the configuration file and backing up
the configuration file.

Pre-configuration Tasks
Before managing configuration files, complete the following task:

● Log in to the device.

Configuration Process
Perform one or more of the following tasks:

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7.2.1 Saving the Configuration File

Context
You can run commands to modify the current configuration of the device, but the
modified configuration will be lost after the device restarts. To enable the new
configuration to still take effect after a restart, save the current configuration in
the configuration file before restarting the device. Use either of the following
methods to save the current configuration:
● Configure the automatic save function.
● Manually save the configuration.

Procedure
● Save the configurations automatically.
a. Run system-view
The system view is displayed.
b. Run configuration file auto-save [ interval interval | cpu-limit cpu-
usage | delay delay-interval ] *
The system is configured to periodically save the configurations.
By default, the system does not periodically save configurations.
The system cancels the automatic save operation when:

▪ Content is being written into the configuration file.

▪ The interface board configurations are being recovered.

▪ The CPU usage is excessively high.

c. (Optional) Run configuration file auto-save backup-to-server server
server-ip [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] transport-type { { ftp |
sftp } [ port port-value ] user user-name password password | tftp }
[ path folder ]
The server information is configured. The information includes the IP
address of the server to which the configuration is automatically saved,
user name and password, the path to save the configuration file, and the
mode in which the configuration file is transmitted to the server.
NOTE

SFTP has higher security and is therefore recommended for saving the configuration
file in the file server.
The configuration file is saved on the server as a compressed package. The package is
named in the format of YY-MM-DD.HH-MM-SS.device name.zip, for example,
2012-10-25.15-13-37.HUAWEI.zip. After the package is decompressed, the file with
the file name extension of .cfg is the configuration file.
d. (Optional) Run configuration current backup-to-server monthly date
date-value [ time time-value ]
The function to upload a configuration file to the server on a specific
date and time every month is enabled.
By default, the function to upload a configuration file to the server on a
specific date and time every month is disabled.

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e. Run commit
The configuration is committed.
● Save the configurations manually.
– Run save [ configuration-file ]
The current configuration is saved.
The configuration file name extension must be .zip, .dat, or .cfg. The
system startup file must be stored in the root directory of the storage
device.

▪ If you do not specify configuration-file when saving the configuration

file for the first time, the system asks you whether to save the
configuration file as vrpcfg.zip. The vrpcfg.zip file is the default
system configuration file with empty configurations in initial state.

▪ If you do not specify configuration-file, configurations are saved to

the current startup configuration file. You can run the display
startup command to check the name of the current startup
configuration file.

▪ You can run the pwd command in the user view to check the current
storage directory.

▪ You can run the cd command in the user view to modify the current
storage directory.

----End

7.2.2 Comparing Configuration Files

Context
You can compare the current configuration file with the specified configuration file
to check whether they are consistent and determine whether to set the specified
configuration file as the next startup configuration file.

NOTE

The configuration file name extension must be .cfg, .dat, or .zip.

Procedure
● Run display configuration changes [ running file file-name | file file-name
running ]

The system starts to check whether the current running configurations are
identical with the specified configuration file.
● Run display configuration changes [ running label label | label label
running ]

The system starts to check whether the current running configurations are
identical with the configuration based on a specific user label.
● Run compare configuration [ configuration-file ]

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The system starts to check whether the current configurations are identical
with the next startup configuration file or a specified configuration file.
After completing a series of operations, you can compare whether the current
configurations are the same as the configurations in the next startup
configuration file or a specified configuration file starting from the first line of
the current configurations. You can determine whether to save the current
configurations based on the comparison result and specify the current
configurations as the next startup configuration file.
After you run this command to compare the current configurations with the
next startup configuration file or a specified configuration file, the system
displays the different content starting from the first different line to the ninth
different line. If the different content contains fewer than nine lines, the
system displays only the content from the first different line to the end of the
file.
----End

7.2.3 Backing Up the Configuration File

Context
If the device is damaged unexpectedly, the configuration file cannot be recovered.
You can back up the configuration file in advance using one of the following
methods:
● Copy the content in the display on the screen.
● Back up the configuration file to the storage device.
● Back up the configuration file using FTP, TFTP, SFTP, or SCP.

Procedure
● Copying the content in the display on the screen
Run the display current-configuration command and copy all command
outputs to a .txt file. The configuration file is backed up in the hard disk of
the maintenance terminal.

NOTE

If a configuration is too long, it may be displayed in two lines on the terminal screen,
depending on the terminal software. When copying a two-line configuration from the
screen to a .txt file, ensure that the configuration is displayed in only one line.
Otherwise, configuration restoration may fail when the .txt file is used.
● Backing up the configuration file to the storage device
The current configuration file can be backed up immediately to the flash
memory of the device. After the device starts, run the following commands to
back up the configuration file to the flash memory of the device:
<HUAWEI> save config.cfg
<HUAWEI> copy config.cfg backup.cfg
● Backing up the configuration file using FTP, TFTP, SFTP, or SCP
The device supports configuration file backup through FTP, TFTP, SFTP, or SCP.
Configuration file backup through FTP or TFTP is simple, but there are

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security risks. In scenarios with high security requirements, configuration file

backup through SFTP or SCP is recommended. The following describes the
configuration file backup process using FTP as an example. For details about
TFTP, SFTP, and SCP, see "File Management" in CloudEngine 16800 Series
Switches Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations.
a. Start the FTP service when the device works as the FTP server.
Enable the FTP server function on the device. Create an FTP user with the
name huawei and password Helloworld@6789. The user is authorized to
access the flash directory.
<HUAWEI> system-view
[~HUAWEI] ftp server enable
[~HUAWEI] ftp server source all-interface
Warning: FTP is not a secure protocol, and it is recommended to use SFTP.
[*HUAWEI] aaa
[*HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei password irreversible-cipher Helloworld@6789
[*HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei ftp-directory flash:
[*HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei service-type ftp
[*HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei level 3
[*HUAWEI-aaa] commit
b. On the maintenance terminal, initiate an FTP connection to the device.
On the PC, set up an FTP connection to the device through the FTP client.
Assume that the device IP address is 10.110.24.254.
C:\Documents and Setting\Administrator> ftp 10.110.24.254
Connected to 10.110.24.254.
220 FTP service ready.
User (10.110.24.254:(none)): huawei
331 Password required for huawei.
Password:
230 User logged in.
c. Configure transfer parameters.
If the FTP user is authenticated, the FTP client displays the prompt
character of ftp>. Enter binary following the prompt character, and
specify the path where the uploaded file is to be saved on the FTP client.
ftp> binary
200 Type set to I.
ftp> lcd c:\temp
Local directory now C:\temp.
d. Transfer the configuration file.
On the PC, run the get command to load the configuration file to the
specified path and save the file as backup.cfg.
ftp> get config.cfg backup.cfg
e. Check whether the config.cfg and backup.cfg files have the same size. If
they have the same size, the backup is successful.
----End

7.2.4 Recovering the Configuration File

Context
When incorrect configurations are performed and functions are abnormal, you can
use one of the following methods:

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● Recover the configuration file that is backed up in the storage device.

● Recover the configuration file using FTP, TFTP, SFTP, or SCP.

Procedure
● Recover the configuration file that is backed up in the flash.
– Method 1: Restore the backup configuration file that is stored in the flash
memory of the device to the configuration file that is currently running in
the system, and specifies the file as the configuration file for next startup.
i. Run copy source-filename destination-filename [ all ]
The configuration file is backed up.
ii. Run startup saved-configuration configuration-file
The configuration file for next startup is specified.
iii. Run reboot
The device is restarted to make the configuration file take effect.
– Method 2: Back up the configuration and specify the configuration file for
next startup simultaneously in one-click mode.
i. Run copy source-filename startup destination-filename
The configuration file is copied and the file copy is specified as the
configuration file for next startup.
ii. Run reboot
The device is restarted to make the configuration file take effect.
You can specify the configuration file for next startup using either of the
preceding methods, and the later configuration takes effect.
● Recovering the configuration file using FTP, TFTP, SFTP, or SCP

The device supports configuration file recovery through FTP, TFTP, SFTP, or
SCP. Configuration file recovery through FTP or TFTP is simple, but there are
security risks. In scenarios with high security requirements, configuration file
recovery through SFTP or SCP is recommended. The following describes how
to recover the configuration file that is backed up on a PC through FTP. For
details about TFTP, SFTP, and SCP, see "File Management" in CloudEngine
16800 Series Switches Configuration Guide - Basic Configurations.
a. Start the FTP service when the device works as the FTP server.

Enable the FTP server function on the device. Create an FTP user with the
name huawei and password Helloworld@6789. The user is authorized to
access the flash directory.
<HUAWEI> system-view
[~HUAWEI] ftp server enable
[~HUAWEI] ftp server source all-interface
Warning: FTP is not a secure protocol, and it is recommended to use SFTP.
[*HUAWEI] aaa
[*HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei password irreversible-cipher Helloworld@6789
[*HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei ftp-directory flash:
[*HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei service-type ftp
[*HUAWEI-aaa] local-user huawei level 3
[*HUAWEI-aaa] commit

b. On the maintenance terminal, initiate an FTP connection to the device.

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On the PC, set up an FTP connection to the device through the FTP client.
Assume that the device IP address is 10.110.24.254.
C:\Documents and Setting\Administrator> ftp 10.110.24.254
Connected to 10.110.24.254.
220 FTP service ready.
User (10.110.24.254:(none)): huawei
331 Password required for huawei.
Password:
230 User logged in.
c. Configure transfer parameters.
If the FTP user is authenticated, the FTP client displays the prompt
character of ftp>. Enter binary following the prompt character, and
specify the path where the uploaded file is to be saved on the FTP client.
ftp> binary
200 Type set to I.
ftp> lcd c:\temp
Local directory now C:\temp.
d. Transfer the configuration file.
On the PC, run the put command to upload the configuration file to the
specified path and save the file as backup.cfg.
ftp> put config.cfg backup.cfg
e. Check whether the backup.cfg file is successfully uploaded. If the
backup.cfg file exists on the device and has the correct size, the
configuration file recovery is successful.
f. Run startup saved-configuration configuration-file, specify the next
startup configuration file.
g. Run reboot, restart the device to make the file take effect.
----End

7.2.5 Clearing the Configuration File

Context
You need to delete the configuration file when:
● The software and configuration file do not match after the device software is
upgraded.
● The configuration file is damaged or an incorrect configuration file is loaded.

NOTICE

Exercise caution when you run the reset saved-configuration command. You are
advised to run this command under the guide of technical support personnel.

To configure an interface on a device for other use, original configurations on the

interface need to be deleted one by one. If the interface has a large number of
configurations, deleting these configurations one-by-one takes a long time and
increases the maintenance workload. To reduce the maintenance workload and
simplify the deletion operation, you can perform one-touch configuration
clearance on an interface.

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Procedure
● Run the reset saved-configuration command to cancel the configuration file
used for next startup. The default device configurations are restored.
NOTE

If the next startup configuration file is empty, the device displays a message indicating
that the file does not exist.
● Delete configurations on an interface at a time to restore the default
configurations.
NOTE

This configuration process is supported only on the Admin-VS.

For details, see Table 7-2.

Table 7-2 Commands for deleting configurations on an interface at a time to

restore the default configurations

View Command Description Precautions

Syste clear configuration Deletes the Deletes the

m interface interface- configuration configuration
view type interface- information on the information on an
number specified interface or interface. Therefore,
restores the default exercise caution
settings. Make sure when running the
that the command is two commands.
run in the system This command takes
view and the effect immediately in
specified interface two-stage mode, and
type and number are you do not need to
correct. Otherwise, run the commit
the configuration command to commit
information on other the configuration.
interfaces may be
deleted and services
are interrupted.

Inter clear configuration Deletes the

face this configuration
view information on the
current interface or
restores the default
settings. The
command is directly
run in the interface
view, which
simplifies the
operation.

● Clear the inactive configurations of the boards that have not been installed.

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a. Run system-view

The system view is displayed.

b. Run clear inactive-configuration { slot slot-id | all | chassis chassis-id }

The non-activated configurations on a specified board that is not

installed are cleared.

----End

7.2.6 Rolling Back Configurations

Context
If faults are caused by incorrect configurations or an unexpected configuration
result occurs on the network after the configuration is submitted, you can roll
back the configuration.

Before you roll back the configuration, the device has used either of two modes to
submit the configuration and generated a configuration rollback point.
● Immediate mode: After you enter the command and press Enter, the system
checks whether the current configuration is the same as the historical
configuration. If they are different, the system submits the configuration and
generates the configuration rollback point. Therefore, multiple configuration
rollback points may be generated when one feature is deployed.
● Two-stage mode: When running a series of configuration commands, you
must use the commit [ trial [ time ] ] [ label label ] [ description
description ] command to enable the system to compare the current
configuration with the historical configuration and generate a configuration
rollback point. In this way, all configurations for a certain service using a
series of commands can take effect. To quickly find the required configuration
rollback point, specify description description to configure the point
description. You are advised to use this mode to edit and submit the
configuration.

By default, the function of automatically generating a configuration rollback point

is enabled. To disable this function, run the configuration checkpoint auto-save
disable command in the system view.

Procedure
Step 1 Check the configuration rollback points and the latest configuration changes.
1. Run display configuration commit list [ verbose ] [ number-of-commits |
label ]
All configuration rollback points and their details are displayed.
To check one or more configuration rollback points, specify number-of-
commits.
2. Run display configuration commit changes [ at commit-id | since commit-id
| last number-of-commits ]
The configuration change for a specified configuration rollback point is
displayed.

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Based on the configuration change, you can determine whether to roll back
the configuration and the possible effects on the system.
– To check the configuration changes at all configuration rollback points,
do not specify any parameters in the command.
– To check the configuration change at a specified configuration rollback
point, specify at commit-id.
– To check the configuration change from a specified configuration rollback
point to the current state, specify since commit-id.
– To check one or more of the latest configuration changes, specify last
number-of-commits.
Step 2 Roll back the configuration based on the required historical configuration state.
1. Run return
Return to the user view to ensure that all data has been submitted before
rollback.
2. Run rollback configuration { to { commit-id commit-id | label label | file
file-name } | last number-of-commits }
The system is rolled back to the historical configuration state based on the
specified configuration rollback point, a user label for a configuration rollback
point, a configuration file for configuration rollback, or the number of
configuration changes.
Based on the configured rollback rule, run this command to delete the
created configuration, re-create the deleted configuration, or recover the
quondam configuration.
– To roll back the system to the historical configuration state at a certain
configuration rollback point, specify commit-id commit-id.
– To roll back the system to the historical configuration state at a user
label for a configuration rollback point, specify label label.
– To roll back the system to the historical configuration state at a
configuration file for configuration rollback, specify file file-name.
– To roll back the system to the historical configuration state before one or
more latest configuration rollback points, specify last number-of-
commits.
NOTE

After the configuration rollback operation is complete, you can run the display
configuration rollback result command to view the result of the latest configuration
rollback operation.

Step 3 (Optional) Run set configuration commit commit-id label label-string

A label is set for a configuration rollback point.

Step 4 (Optional) Run clear configuration commit { commit-id label | oldest number-
of-commits }
The label of a configuration rollback point specified in the system or the earliest
configuration rollback point generated in the system is deleted.

Step 5 (Optional) Run clear configuration commit labellabel-name

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The configuration rollback point with a specified user label is deleted.

----End

Verifying the Configuration

● Run the display configuration rollback result command to view information
about the latest configuration rollback operation, including prompt messages
and failure messages.

7.3 Configuring System Startup Files

Specify the system software and configuration file for system startup so that the
device will start and initialize with the specified software and configuration file.
Specify new patch file if the system needs to load new patches.

Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring the system startup files, complete the following tasks:
● Start the device and logging in to the device locally or remotely.
● Save the system startup files in the root directory of the device.

Context
Before specifying the files for next startup, you can run the display startup
command to view the specified files for next startup.
● If no system software is specified for next startup, the device will start with
current system software. To change the system software to be loaded for next
startup (during an upgrade for example), upload the new system software to
the device and specify it as the system file for next startup. The system
software package must use .cc as the file name extension and be saved to the
root directory of the storage device. If the device has dual MPUs, the system
software must be saved to both the master MPU and slave MPU.
● If no configuration file is specified for next startup, the device will start with
the default configuration file (vrpcfg.zip for example). If no configuration file
is stored in the default directory, the device uses the default parameters for
initialization. The configuration file name extension must be .cfg, .dat, or .zip.
In addition, the configuration file must be saved in the root directory of the
storage device.
● A patch file uses .pat as the file name extension. The specified patch file to be
loaded for next startup must also be saved to the root directory of the storage
device. If the device has double MPUs, the patch file must be manually copied
to the slave MPU using the copy source-filename destination-filename
command when being uploaded to the master MPU. This ensures that the
patch file is saved in both the master MPU and slave MPU.

Procedure
● Configure the system software to be loaded for next startup.
a. (Optional) Run check system-software system-file
The integrity of the system software package is checked.

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b. Run startup system-software system-file

The system software to be loaded for next startup is specified.
If the device has dual MPUs, run the startup system-software system-
file slave-board command to specify the system software for the slave
MPU to load during the next startup.
● Configure the configuration file for next startup.
NOTE

If you use method 1 to specify the configuration file for next startup, and other
configurations are deployed after the startup saved-configuration command is run, a
message will be displayed, asking you whether to save configurations when you
restart the device. Enter Y, and the configurations deployed later are contained in the
configuration file after the restart. If you use method 2, the configuration file for next
startup is the current backup configuration file and is not affected by the later
configuration change.
– (Method 1) Run startup saved-configuration configuration-file
The configuration file for next startup is specified.
The device reads the configuration file from the root directory of the
storage device for initialization when powered on.
– (Method 2) Run copy source-filename startup destination-filename
The configuration file is copied and the file copy is specified as the
configuration file for next startup.
● Configure the patch file to be loaded for next startup.
a. (Optional) Run check patch { file-name | startup }
The integrity of the patch package is checked.
b. Run startup patch patch-name all
The patch file for next startup is specified.
To make the patch file take effect after the device restarts, run this
command to specify the patch file for next startup.

----End

Verifying the Configuration

After the configuration is complete, run the display startup command to view the
system software, configuration file and patch file for next startup.

7.4 Loading a Digital Signature Certificate Revocation

List (CRL)
Context
If an issued digital signature certificate needs to be revoked due to key disclosure
or other reasons, a third-party tool can be used to mark the certificate invalid and
add the certificate to a digital certificate CRL. After you load the latest digital
signature CRL to a device, the device does not verify the digital signature
certificate upon next startup.

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Pre-configuration Tasks
Before loading a digital certificate CRL, upload the CRL file to the flash directory
of the device.

Procedure
Step 1 Run software crl load crl-name

The CRL file is loaded to the main control board.

----End

Verifying the Configuration

● Run the display software crl command to check information about the
digital certificate CRL file.

7.5 Configuring Dynamic Module Loading

Context
Dynamic module loading allows you to load and uninstall modules without
interrupting services.

If a required module does not exist in the system, you can use dynamic module
loading to successfully load the required module file to the system, and use
functions corresponding to the module. You can also dynamically uninstall the
module if functions corresponding to the module are no longer required.

NOTE

This configuration process is supported only by the Admin-VS.

Pre-configuration Tasks
Obtain the .mod or .MOD file and upload the file to the switch.

Procedure
● Check the integrity of the dynamic module.

Run check module { file-name | startup }

The integrity of the specified module file is checked.

● Load a module dynamically.

Run install-module file-name [ next-startup ]

A specified module file is dynamically loaded.

● Uninstall a module dynamically.

Run uninstall-module { file-name [ next-startup ] | all }

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A specified module file is uninstalled.

----End

Verifying the Configuration

● Run the display module-information [ [ file-name ] verbose | next-startup ]
command to view information about modules dynamically loaded to the
system.

7.6 Restarting the Device

To make sure the specified system software and files take effect, restart the device
after system startup configuration is complete.

Pre-configuration Tasks
Before restarting the device, complete the following tasks:
● Configure system startup files.

Context
Use either of the following methods to restart the device:
● Restart the device immediately after configuration: The device restarts
immediately after the reboot command is run.
● Restart the device at scheduled time: The device can be restarted at a
specified time later. When the configuration is complete, you can configure
the device to restart at time when few services are running to minimize the
impact of device restart on services.

The device restarts with the specified startup software. If the specified startup
software is damaged, the device restarts with the startup software that works last
time. If the software for last startup does not exist, the device searches for a valid
startup software package on the storage devices.
NOTE

When the system startup configuration file is large, boards may register slowly during the
system startup.

NOTICE

● Do not restart the device unless necessary because device restart causes service
interruption in a short time.
● Save the current configuration so that it will take effect after the device
restarts.

Procedure
● Restart the device immediately.

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In the user view, run the reboot [ fast | save diagnostic-information ]

command to restart the device.

– The fast parameter indicates quick restart of the device. The system does
not ask you whether to save the configuration file in fast startup.
– save diagnostic-information indicates that the system will save the
diagnostic information to root directory of the storage device before
restarting.
● Restart the device at scheduled time.

In the user view, run the schedule reboot { at time | delay interval [ force ] }
command to restart the device at scheduled time.

– at time specifies the specific time to restart the device.

– delay interval specifies the waiting time before restarting the device.
If the force parameter is not specified, the system compares the
configuration file with the current configuration. If the current
configuration is different from the configuration file, the system asks you
whether to save the current configuration. After you complete the
selection, the system prompts you to confirm the configured restart time.
Enter Y or y to make the configured restart time take effect. If the force
parameter is specified, the system does not display any message, and the
restart time takes effect directly. The current configuration is not
compared or saved.

----End

7.7 Maintaining Configuration Management

7.7.1 Viewing the Difference Between the Candidate

Configuration and Current Running Configuration
This section describes how to view the difference between the candidate
configuration and current running configuration before the candidate
configuration is committed. If a configuration conflict is found, resolve the conflict
before viewing the configuration difference.

Context
Before committing a set of configuration, you can view the difference between the
modified configuration and current running configuration. If the running
configuration is changed during the period from configuration modification to
configuration difference viewing, a configuration conflict occurs. In addition, an
error message is displayed when you view the configuration difference. In this
case, resolve the configuration conflict so that you can continue to view the
configuration difference.

NOTE

This operation can be performed only in two-phase validation mode.

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Procedure
Step 1 Run system-view

The system view is displayed.

Step 2 Run display configuration candidate changes

The difference between the candidate configuration and current running

configuration is displayed.

If the system displays a message indicating that the current configuration is

changed, go to Step 3 to resolve the configuration conflict and then perform this
step to view the configuration difference.

Step 3 (Optional) Run refresh configuration candidate

The candidate configuration is updated to resolve the configuration conflict.

If a configuration conflict occurs, perform this step to resolve the conflict.

----End

7.8 Configuration Examples for System Startup

This section only provides configuration examples for individual features. For
details about multi-feature configuration examples, feature-specific configuration
examples, interoperation examples, protocol or hardware replacement examples,
and industry application examples, see the Typical Configuration Examples.

7.8.1 Example for Backing Up the Configuration File

Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 7-2, a user logs in to the device and backs up the
configuration file to the TFTP server. So the configuration file can be recovered in
case that the device is damaged.

Figure 7-2 Networking diagram of backing up the configuration file

Switch TFTP Server

Network

Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:

1. Save the configuration file.

2. Back up the configuration file through TFTP.

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NOTICE

Configuration file backup through TFTP is simple, but there are security risks.
In scenarios with high security requirements, configuration file backup
through SFTP or SCP is recommended. The following describes the
configuration file backup process using TFTP as an example.

Procedure
Step 1 Save configurations to the config.cfg file.
<HUAWEI> save config.cfg

Step 2 Back up the configuration file through TFTP.

1. Start the TFTP server program.

Start the TFTP server program on the PC. Set the path for transmitting the
configuration file, and the IP address and port number of the TFTP server.
2. Transfer the configuration file.

# Run the tftp command in the user view to back up the specified
configuration file.
<HUAWEI> tftp 10.110.24.254 put flash:/config.cfg backup.cfg

----End

7.8.2 Example for Recovering the Configuration File

Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 7-3, a user logs in to the device and finds that some incorrect
configurations cause errors in the system. To recover the original configuration,
the user downloads the configuration file saved in the TFTP server to the device
and specifies the configuration file for the next startup.

Figure 7-3 Network diagram of recovering the configuration file

Switch TFTP Server

Network

Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:

1. Recover the configuration file that is backed up on the PC through TFTP.

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NOTICE

Configuration file recovery through TFTP is simple, but there are security risks.
In scenarios with high security requirements, configuration file recovery
through SFTP or SCP is recommended. The following describes how to recover
the configuration file that is backed up on a PC through TFTP.

2. Specify the recovered configuration file for the next startup.

Procedure
Step 1 Recover the configuration file that is backed up on the PC through TFTP.
1. Start the TFTP server program.

Start the TFTP server program on the PC. Set the path for transmitting the
configuration file, and the IP address and port number of the TFTP server.
2. Transfer the configuration file.

# Run the tftp command in the user view.

<HUAWEI> tftp 10.110.24.254 get backup.cfg config.cfg

Step 2 Specify the recovered configuration file for the next startup.
<HUAWEI> startup saved-configuration config.cfg

----End

7.8.3 Example for Rolling Back Configurations

Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 7-4, a user logs in to the switch and configures an IP address
for each switch interface. Generally, after submitting the configuration, the user
cannot check the latest configurations and can only check the current
configuration file. When the configurations are incorrect or an unexpected
configuration result occurs on the network, the user can only manually delete or
modify the configurations one by one and cannot perform the batch recovery
operation.

Figure 7-4 Network diagram of rolling back configurations

Network0 Network2
Switch
10GE1/0/1 10GE1/0/3
10GE1/0/2 10GE1/0/4

Network1 Network3

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To solve the preceding problem, the user can check the difference between the
historical and current configurations and roll back the system configuration to the
appropriate configuration point without restarting the system or interrupting
services.

In this example, the user finds that IP addresses are incorrectly configured for
interfaces and wants to reconfigure them. By using the traditional method, the
user must enter each interface view to delete the corresponding IP address and
reconfigure the IP address. By using the configuration rollback function, the user
can recover the configurations to the configuration state when the IP addresses
have not been configured, which greatly simplifies configuration recovery.

Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:

● Check the configuration rollback points and the latest configuration changes.
● Determine the configuration rollback point or the number of configuration
changes to roll back the configuration.

Procedure
Step 1 Configure IP addresses for 10GE1/0/1, 10GE1/0/2, 10GE1/0/3, and 10GE1/0/4 on
the switch.
<HUAWEI> system-view
[~HUAWEI] sysname Switch
[*HUAWEI] commit
[~Switch] vlan batch 77 to 80
[*Switch] interface vlanif 77
[*Switch-Vlanif77] ip address 10.0.1.1 24
[*Switch] quit
[*Switch] interface vlanif 78
[*Switch-Vlanif78] ip address 10.0.2.1 24
[*Switch] quit
[*Switch] interface vlanif 79
[*Switch-Vlanif79] ip address 10.0.3.1 24
[*Switch] quit
[*Switch] interface vlanif 80
[*Switch-Vlanif80] ip address 10.0.4.1 24
[*Switch] quit
[*Switch] interface 10ge 1/0/1
[*Switch-10GE1/0/1] port link-type trunk
[*Switch-10GE1/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 77
[*Switch-10GE1/0/1] quit
[*Switch] interface 10ge 1/0/2
[*Switch-10GE1/0/2] port link-type trunk
[*Switch-10GE1/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 78
[*Switch-10GE1/0/2] quit
[*Switch] interface 10ge 1/0/3
[*Switch-10GE1/0/3] port link-type trunk
[*Switch-10GE1/0/3] port trunk allow-pass vlan 79
[*Switch-10GE1/0/3] quit
[*Switch] interface 10ge 1/0/4
[*Switch-10GE1/0/4] port link-type trunk
[*Switch-10GE1/0/4] port trunk allow-pass vlan 80
[*Switch-10GE1/0/4] quit
[*Switch] commit
[~Switch] quit

Step 2 Check the configuration rollback points and the difference between the historical
and current configurations.

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# Check the configuration rollback points.

<Switch> display configuration commit list verbose
1) CommitId: 1000000006
Label: -
User: root
User-Intf: VTY 1
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 15:55:20
Description:

2) CommitId: 1000000005
Label: -
User: root
User-Intf: VTY 1
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 15:50:05
Description:

3) CommitId: 1000000004
Label: -
User: root
User-Intf: VTY 0
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 09:57:34
Description:

4) CommitId: 1000000003
Label: -
User: root
User-Intf: VTY 0
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 09:57:21
Description:

5) CommitId: 1000000002
Label: -
User: anonymous
User-Intf: CON 0
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-28 16:31:48
Description:

6) CommitId: 1000000001
Label: -
User: anonymous
User-Intf: CON 0
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-28 16:31:48
Description:

# Check the latest configuration change.

<Switch> display configuration commit changes last 1
Building configuration
#
+ vlan batch 77 to 80
#
+ interface Vlanif77
+ ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
+ interface Vlanif78
+ ip address 10.0.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
+ interface Vlanif79
+ ip address 10.0.3.1 255.255.255.0
#
+ interface Vlanif80
+ ip address 10.0.4.1 255.255.255.0
#

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interface 10GE1/0/1
+ port link-type trunk
+ port trunk allow-pass vlan 77
#
interface 10GE1/0/2
+ port link-type trunk
+ port trunk allow-pass vlan 78
#
interface 10GE1/0/3
+ port link-type trunk
+ port trunk allow-pass vlan 79
#
interface 10GE1/0/4
+ port link-type trunk
+ port trunk allow-pass vlan 80
#

Step 3 Roll back configurations.

# Roll system configurations back to what they were before the most recent
configuration rollback point was created.
<Switch> rollback configuration last 1
Warning: This operation will revert configuration changes to the previous status. Continue? [Y/N]:y
Loading rollback changes
Committing
Check rollback result
Configuration rollback succeeded.
Please use 'display configuration commit changes last 1' to view the changes.

# Check whether a configuration rollback point is generated after the

configuration rollback is completed.
<Switch> display configuration commit list verbose
1) CommitId: 1000000007
Label: -
User: root
User-Intf: VTY 1
Type: ROLLBACK
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 15:58:22
Description:

2) CommitId: 1000000006
Label: -
User: root
User-Intf: VTY 1
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 15:55:20
Description:

3) CommitId: 1000000005
Label: -
User: root
User-Intf: VTY 1
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 15:50:05
Description:

4) CommitId: 1000000004
Label: -
User: root
User-Intf: VTY 0
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 09:57:34
Description:

5) CommitId: 1000000003
Label: -
User: root

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User-Intf: VTY 0
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-29 09:57:21
Description:

6) CommitId: 1000000002
Label: -
User: anonymous
User-Intf: CON 0
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-28 16:31:48
Description:

7) CommitId: 1000000001
Label: -
User: anonymous
User-Intf: CON 0
Type: CLI
TimeStamp: 2012-06-28 16:31:48
Description:

Step 4 Verify the configuration.

# Check the configuration file to verify that the configuration rollback is

successful.
<Switch> display current-configuration interface
#
interface 10GE1/0/1
#
interface 10GE1/0/2
#
interface 10GE1/0/3
#
interface 10GE1/0/4
return

----End

Configuration Files
Switch configuration file
#
sysname Switch
#
interface 10GE1/0/1
#
interface 10GE1/0/2
#
interface 10GE1/0/3
#
interface 10GE1/0/4
#
return

7.8.4 Example of Configuring System Startup

Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 7-5, the device has dual main processing units (MPUs), and
the current system software cannot meet user needs. The device must load new
software version with more features. Then the device software needs to be
upgraded remotely.

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Figure 7-5 Configuring System Startup Networking

10.1.1.1/24
Network

PC Device

Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
1. Upload the new system software to the root directory of the device. When the
device has dual MPUs, save the system software to both the master MPU and
slave MPU.
2. Save the current configuration so that it remains active after upgrade.
3. Specify the system software for next startup.
4. Specify the configuration file for next startup of the device.
5. Restart the device to complete upgrade.

Procedure
Step 1 Upload the new system software to the root directory of the device.
Before configuration, run the display startup command to view the files for next
startup.
<HUAWEI> system-view
[HUAWEI] sysname Switch
[Switch] quit
<Switch> display startup
MainBoard:
Configured startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Next startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Next startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Startup paf file: default
Next startup paf file: default
Startup patch package: NULL
Next startup patch package: NULL
SlaveBoard:
Configured startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Next startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Next startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Startup paf file: default
Next startup paf file: default
Startup patch package: NULL
Next startup patch package: NULL

# Upload the new system software to the device. This example uses FTP to
transfer the system software. Configure the device as an FTP server and upload
the system software to the device from the FTP client. Make sure there is enough
space in the storage device before uploading files. If the space is insufficient,
delete unnecessary files to free up space in the storage device.
<Switch> system-view
[Switch] ftp server enable

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[Switch] ftp server source all-interface

[Switch] aaa
[Switch-aaa] local-user huawei password irreversible-cipher Helloworld@6789
[Switch-aaa] local-user huawei service-type ftp
[Switch-aaa] local-user huawei ftp-directory flash:
[Switch-aaa] local-user huawei level 3
[Switch-aaa] commit
[Switch-aaa] quit
[Switch] quit

# Run the ftp 10.1.1.1 command in the command line window of the PC to set up
an FTP connection with the device. Run the put command to upload new system
software newbasicsoft.cc. After the upload completes, run the dir command to
check the system software.
<Switch> dir
Directory of flash:/

Idx Attr Size(Byte) Date Time FileName

0 drw- - Apr 16 2012 13:19:58 logfile
1 -rw- 85,925,409 Apr 16 2012 13:18:02 basicsoft.cc
2 -rw- 4 Oct 27 2011 17:25:22 snmpnotilog.txt
3 -rw- 6,033 Jul 16 2012 16:40:02 private-data.txt
4 -rw- 3,275 Jul 14 2012 14:18:08 vrpcfg.zip
5 drw- - Nov 14 2011 19:14:26 sysdrv
6 drw- 88,239,759 Jul 16 2012 19:14:26 newbasicsoft.cc
...

3,304,060 KB total (2,044,124 KB free)

# Copy the newbasicsoft.cc file to the slave MPU.

<Switch> copy newbasicsoft.cc slave#flash:/newbasicsoft.cc

Run dir slave#flash: to check whether the file has been copied to the slave MPU.
Step 2 Save the current configuration to both the master and slave MPUs.
<Switch> save
The current configuration will be written to the device.
Are you sure to continue? [Y/N]y
Now saving the current configuration to the slot 0 .
Info: Save the configuration successfully.

Step 3 Specify the system software to be loaded for next startup.

# Configure the system software for next startup on master MPU.
<Switch> startup system-software newbasicsoft.cc

# Configure the system software for next startup on slave MPU.

<Switch> startup system-software newbasicsoft.cc slave-board

NOTE

When the device has double MPUs, save the system software to both master and slave
MPUs. Then configure the system software for next startup on both the master and slave
MPUs.

Step 4 Specify the configuration file for next startup.

<Switch> startup saved-configuration vrpcfg.zip

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Configuration Guide - Basic Configuration 7 Configuring System Startup

NOTE

● In step 1, you can run the display startup command to check the configuration file for
next startup. The message "Next startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip will
be displayed. This means that the vrpcfg.zip configuration file has been specified for
next startup, so skip this step. To specify another file for next startup, perform this step.
● If a configuration file is specified for next startup on the master MPU, the slave MPU
automatically updates the configuration for next startup.

Step 5 Checking the configuration

# Run the following command to view the system software and configuration file
for next startup.
<Switch> display startup
MainBoard:
Configured startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Next startup system software: flash:/newbasicsoft.cc
Startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Next startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Startup paf file: default
Next startup paf file: default
Startup patch package: NULL
Next startup patch package: NULL
SlaveBoard:
Configured startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Startup system software: flash:/basicsoft.cc
Next startup system software: flash:/newbasicsoft.cc
Startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Next startup saved-configuration file: flash:/vrpcfg.zip
Startup paf file: default
Next startup paf file: default
Startup patch package: NULL
Next startup patch package: NULL

Step 6 Restart the device.

# Since the configuration file has been saved, run the reboot fast command to
restart the device quickly.
<Switch> reboot fast
System will reboot! Continue? [Y/N]:y
Info: system is rebooting ,please wait...

Step 7 Verify the configuration.

# Wait for several minutes until the device restart is complete. Run the display
version command to check the current system version. If the current system
software is new, the upgrading has succeeded.
The display version command output is not provided here.

----End

Configuration File
#
FTP server enable
#
vlan batch 10
#
aaa
local-user huawei password irreversible-cipher $1c$g8wLJ`LjL!$CyE(V{3qg5DdU:PM[6=6O
$UF-.fQ,Q}>^)OBzgoU$

Issue 06 (2021-03-10) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 383

CloudEngine 16800 Series Switches
Configuration Guide - Basic Configuration 7 Configuring System Startup

local-user huawei service-type ftp

local-user huawei level 3
local-user huawei ftp-directory flash:
#
interface Vlanif10
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface 10GE1/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
#
return

Issue 06 (2021-03-10) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 384